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Full-Text Articles in Behavioral Economics
The Bias Against New Innovations In Health Care:Value Uncertainty And Willingness To Pay, Surrey M. Walton, Philip E. Graves, Peter R. Mueser, Jay K. Dow
The Bias Against New Innovations In Health Care:Value Uncertainty And Willingness To Pay, Surrey M. Walton, Philip E. Graves, Peter R. Mueser, Jay K. Dow
PHILIP E GRAVES
This paper offers a model for the bias found in willingness-to-pay valuations against new treatments. For example, this bias provides an explanation for patient preferences that make it difficult for formularies to take treatments off their lists, even when newer treatments would appear to be clearly preferable. The appeal of the model, which is based on imperfect information, is that it is consistent with rational preferences and rational behavior by patients, which are necessary for standard models and methods related to decision theory, costeffectiveness, and efficiency.
The Shield Of Achiles, State, Security And New Wars (El Escudo De Aquiles, Estado, Seguridad Y Nuevas Guerras) Spanish, Fernando Estrada
The Shield Of Achiles, State, Security And New Wars (El Escudo De Aquiles, Estado, Seguridad Y Nuevas Guerras) Spanish, Fernando Estrada
Fernando Estrada
At this stage of the manifestation of irregular warfare conflicts becomes porous, bottom to top and back. The security of states depends on a weak shield vulnerable to unforeseen terrorist actions. This will not come labeled by a single identity but multiplied their masks, may be a timid bystander who walks the streets at noon sweater dress with a teacher dressed and slow. The security policy imposes severe restrictions on basic freedoms, including perhaps most importantly, individual privacy or family.