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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Biological and Physical Anthropology
Origins Of An Unmarked Georgia Cemetery Using Ancient Dna Analysis, Andrew T. Ozga, Raúl Y. Tito, Brian M. Kemp, Hugh Matternes, Alexandra Obregon-Tito, Leslie Neal, Cecil M. Lewis, Jr.
Origins Of An Unmarked Georgia Cemetery Using Ancient Dna Analysis, Andrew T. Ozga, Raúl Y. Tito, Brian M. Kemp, Hugh Matternes, Alexandra Obregon-Tito, Leslie Neal, Cecil M. Lewis, Jr.
Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints
Determining the origins of those buried within undocumented cemeteries is of incredible importance to historical archaeologists and in many cases, the nearby communities. In the case of Avondale Burial Place, a cemetery in Bibb County, Georgia, in use from 1820 to 1950, all written documentation of those interred within it has been lost. Osteological and archaeological evidence alone could not describe, with confidence, the ancestral origins of the 101 individuals buried there. In the present study, we utilize ancient DNA extraction methods to investigate the origins of Avondale Burial Place through the use of well-preserved skeletal fragments from 20 individuals …
Mongolians In The Genetic Landscape Of Central Asia: Exploring The Genetic Relations Among Mongolians And Other World Populations, Jane E. Brissenden, Judith R. Kidd, Baigalmaa Evsanaa, Ariunaa Togtokh, Andrew J. Pakstis, Françoise Friedlaender, Kenneth K. Kidd, Janet M. Roscoe
Mongolians In The Genetic Landscape Of Central Asia: Exploring The Genetic Relations Among Mongolians And Other World Populations, Jane E. Brissenden, Judith R. Kidd, Baigalmaa Evsanaa, Ariunaa Togtokh, Andrew J. Pakstis, Françoise Friedlaender, Kenneth K. Kidd, Janet M. Roscoe
Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints
Genetic data on North Central Asian populations are underrepresented in the literature, especially autosomal markers. In the present study we use 812 single nucleotide polymorphisms that are distributed across all the human autosomes and that have been extensively studied at Yale to examine the affinities of two recently collected, samples of populations: rural and cosmopolitan Mongolians from Ulaanbaatar and nomadic, Turkic-speaking Tsaatan from Mongolia near the Siberian border. We compare these two populations to one another and to a global set of populations and discuss their relationships to New World populations. Specifically, we analyze data on 521 autosomal loci (single …
Origins Of An Unmarked Georgia Cemetery Using Ancient Dna Analysis, Andrew T. Ozga, Raul Y. Tito, Brian M. Kemp, Hugh Matternes, Alexandra J. Obregon-Tito, Leslie Neal, Cecil M. Lewis Jr.
Origins Of An Unmarked Georgia Cemetery Using Ancient Dna Analysis, Andrew T. Ozga, Raul Y. Tito, Brian M. Kemp, Hugh Matternes, Alexandra J. Obregon-Tito, Leslie Neal, Cecil M. Lewis Jr.
Biology Faculty Articles
Determining the origins of those buried within undocumented cemeteries is of incredible importance to historical archaeologists and, in many cases, the nearby communities. In the case of Avondale Burial Place, a cemetery in Bibb County, Georgia, in use from 1820 to 1950, all written documentation of those interred within it has been lost. Osteological and archaeological evidence alone could not describe, with confidence, the ancestral origins of the 101 individuals buried there. In the present study, we used ancient DNA extraction methods in well-preserved skeletal fragments from 20 individuals buried in Avondale Burial Place to investigate the origins of the …
Hemochromatosis: Niche Construction And The Genetic Domino Effect In The European Neolithic, John M. Mccullough, Kathleen M. Heath, Alexis M. Smith
Hemochromatosis: Niche Construction And The Genetic Domino Effect In The European Neolithic, John M. Mccullough, Kathleen M. Heath, Alexis M. Smith
Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints
Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is caused by a potentially lethal recessive gene (HFE, C282Y allele) that increases iron absorption and reaches polymorphic levels in Northern European populations. Because persons carrying the allele absorb iron more readily than non-carriers, it has often been suggested HFE is an adaptation to anemia. We hypothesize positive selection for HFE began during or after the European Neolithic with the adoption of an iron-deficient high grain and dairying diet and consequent anemia, a finding confirmed in Neolithic and later European skeletons. HFE frequency compared with rate of lactase persistence in Eurasia yields a positive linear …
Identification Of Whole Mitochondrial Genomes From Venezuela And Implications On Regional Phylogenies In South America, Esther J. Lee, D. Andrew Merriwether
Identification Of Whole Mitochondrial Genomes From Venezuela And Implications On Regional Phylogenies In South America, Esther J. Lee, D. Andrew Merriwether
Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints
Recent studies have expanded and refined the founding haplogroups of the Americas using whole mitochondrial (mtDNA) genome analysis. In addition to pan-American lineages, a number of studies have identified specific variants that show higher frequencies in restricted geographical areas. In order to further characterize Native American maternal lineages and specifically examine local patterns within South America, we analyzed twelve maternally unrelated Yekuana whole mtDNA genomes from one village (Sharamaña) that include the four major Native American haplogroups A2, B2, C1, and D1. Our study proposes a reconfiguration of one subhaplogroup A2 (A2aa) that is specific to South America and identifies …
Evaluation Of Desiccated And Deformed Diaspores From Natural Building Materials, Tamas Henn, Robert Pal
Evaluation Of Desiccated And Deformed Diaspores From Natural Building Materials, Tamas Henn, Robert Pal
Biological Sciences
With the increasing sophistication of paleoethnobotanical methods, it is now possible to reconstruct new aspects of the day-to-day life of past peoples, and, ultimately, gain information about their cultivated plants, land-use practices, architecture, diet, and trade. Reliable identification of plant remains, however, remains essential to the study of paleoethno-botany, and there is still much to learn about precise identification. This paper describes and evaluates the most frequent types of deformed desiccated diaspores revealed from adobe bricks used in buildings in Southwestern Hungary that were built primarily between 1850 and 1950. A total of 24,634 diaspores were recovered from 333.05 kg …
Subsistence Strategies In Traditional Societies Distinguish Gut Microbiomes, Alexandra J. Obregon-Tito, Raul T. Tito, Jessica Metcalf, Krithvivasa Sankaranarayanan, Jose C. Clemente, Luke K. Ursell, Zhenjiang Zech Xu, Will Van Treuren, Rob Knight, Morris Foster
Subsistence Strategies In Traditional Societies Distinguish Gut Microbiomes, Alexandra J. Obregon-Tito, Raul T. Tito, Jessica Metcalf, Krithvivasa Sankaranarayanan, Jose C. Clemente, Luke K. Ursell, Zhenjiang Zech Xu, Will Van Treuren, Rob Knight, Morris Foster
Office of Research Faculty & Staff Publications
Recent studies suggest that gut microbiomes of urban-industrialized societies are different from those of traditional peoples. Here we examine the relationship between lifeways and gut microbiota through taxonomic and functional potential characterization of faecal samples from hunter-gatherer and traditional agriculturalist communities in Peru and an urban-industrialized community from the US. We find that in addition to taxonomic and metabolic differences between urban and traditional lifestyles, hunter-gatherers form a distinct sub-group among traditional peoples. As observed in previous studies, we find that Treponema are characteristic of traditional gut microbiomes. Moreover, through genome reconstruction (2.2-2.5 MB, coverage depth x26-513) and functional potential …
Geometric Morphometric Analysis Of Pan Frontal Bone Morphology, Allen J. Myhra
Geometric Morphometric Analysis Of Pan Frontal Bone Morphology, Allen J. Myhra
Anthropology Department: Theses
This study employs geometric morphometric methods to investigate the morphology and shape change of the frontal bone for Pan troglodytes and Pan paniscus. Unlike previous work on the topic, this research analyzed morphology and ontogenetic shape change in a single bone of the cranium, namely the frontal bone. Frontal bone shape was compared between juvenile Pan troglodytes and Pan paniscus and the ontogeny of the bone was assessed in Pan paniscus infants and juveniles. Analyses were performed on frontal bone morphology with and without the browridge in order to assess the morphology of the frontal apart from influences …