Archaeological Anthropology Commons^™

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-012, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-011, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-010, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-009, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-008, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-007, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-006, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-005, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-004, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-003, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-002, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-024-Aa-001, Christian Wells

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

The Search For Vinland: Reconciling Literature And Archaeology, Clifford W. Anderson

History Theses & Dissertations

It is now generally accepted that Columbus was not the first white European to have visited or attempted colonization of North America. It is also generally accepted that the only hard evidence available on the subject suggests that Norse settlers made the first attempt around 1000 CE. The term most often associated with the Norse settlement in question is "Vinland." However, several scholars are unwilling to associate Vinland with the location of the relevant archaeological find at L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland. Utilizing an analysis of the two sagas that refer to the settlement and an authentication of the cartographical evidence, …

The Archaeology And Paleoecology Of The Aubrey Clovis Site (41dn479) Denton County, Texas, C. Reid Ferring

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This report contains the results of interdisciplinary investigations of the Aubrey Clovis Site (41DN479}, located at Lake Ray Roberts, Denton County, Texas, and conducted by the Center for Environmental Archaeology, University of North Texas for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District. Exposed by construction of the artificial outlet channel for the reservoir, the site is a multi-cluster complex of archaeological features and artifact-fauna! concentrations buried 7-9 meters below the flood plain of the Elm Fork Trinity River. The Clovis-age materials are geologically situated on a paleo surface within a 14 m thick sequence of late Quaternary deposits, …

Houston Area Geoarcheology: A Framework For Archeological Investigation, Interpretation, And Cultural Resource Management In The Houston Highway District, James T. Abbott

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This report represents an examination of geoarcheological issues affecting a six county area in the vicinity of Houston, Texas. The study area includes Harris, Montgomery, Waller, Fort Bend, Brazoria, and Galveston counties (Figure 1), which collectively make up the Houston District, a regional administrative entity of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). This study represents the first phase of a district-focused geoarcheological program being implemented at TxDOT, with similar studies of other districts to follow . It is intended to familiarize archeologists working in the region with relevant geoarcheological issues, thus serving as a resource for researchers involved in prospection, …

Human Skeletal Remains From 41cp25, The Peach Orchard Overlook Site, And Their Archaeological Context, Diane E. Wilson, Timothy K. Perttula, Bo Nelson

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Human skeletal remains analyzed from the Peach Orchard Overlook site (41CP25) were recovered from a burial exposed along the eroding shoreline of Lake Bob Sandlin in the mid-1980s. Although the remains appeared to be from a single individual, a minimum of two individuals were represented by the human remains studied by Wilson; there was also one non-human tooth (possibly a deer molar) that will not be discussed in this article. The human remains described here from the Peach Orchard Overlook site are from an Early Caddoan (ca. A.D. 1000-1200) period component, based on the recovery of Crockett Curvilinear Incised and …

Botanical Materials From The Griffin Mound (41ur142) And Underwood (41cp230) Sites, J. Phil Dering

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This article presents the results of the macrobotanical analysis of samples from two Caddoan archaeological sites in Northeast Texas. Two flotation samples and 34 screen samples were examined from 41 UR 142, the Griffin Mound site, a Middle Caddoan settlement located on a tributary of Little Cypress Creek. Fifteen finescreen samples were examined from 41CP230, the Underwood site. The screen samples from the Underwood site were recovered from a Late Caddoan Titus phase midden on Big Cypress Creek, in the Lake Bob Sandlin area.

Griffin Mound Site (41ur142) Faunal Analyses, Leeanna Schniebs

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The investigation of the Griffin Mound site (41UR142) in the Little Cypress Creek basin in Upshur County, Texas, yielded 394 faunal specimens with a total assemblage weight of 127.71 grams. This sum includes all turtle shell, antler, and bone fragments. Faunal material was recovered from the site surface, four shovel tests, and four units in a 2 x 2 m excavation at this Middle Caddoan site, consisting of midden deposits and a large storage pit feature. The following sections of this article discuss the methods employed in the faunal analysis, results of taxonomic identification and quantification, and distribution of these …

Silica Froth: An Indicator Of Thatch Artchitecture, David H. Jurney, Velicia Bergstrom

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Archaeological reports of silica froth are noted from Kansas to Texas, and are usually interpreted as evidence of burned grass- or cane-thatched buildings. However, many archaeological excavations in the Caddoan region fail to mention this material. Does this reflect idiosyncratic factors in the formation of silica froth, lack of expertise on the part of excavators/analysts, or differential recovery techniques? Archaeological and experimental data indicate that Caddoan houses frequently left silica froth as a residue when they burned. The implications are that archaeologists may be missing this key architectural item and that silica froth may be used to infer the presence …

Archaeological Investigation Of An Oil Well Pad Disturbance At The Tom Moore Site (41pn149), Panola County, Texas, Patti Haskins, Mark Walters, S. Elieen Goldborer

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Tom Moore site (41PN149) is situated on the east slope of a circular-shaped landform at the highest point of a steeply-sloping upland in the Irons Bayou valley in Panola County, Texas. Irons Bayou, 1.2 km to the west of the site, flows east to its confluence with the Sabine River. A small tributary of Irons Bayou is 600 m to the south. Soils here are a brown sandy loam overlying a very hard red clay B-horizon. Like most of East Texas, the land has been farmed previously, as indicated by old plow furrows, and it has reforested naturally in …

Archaeological Investigations And Oxidizable Carbon Ratio Dates From 41rk476, Rusk County, Texas, Mark Walters

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Volunteer survey work on a section of Rabbit Creek in Rusk County, Texas, found a possible buried midden deposit at 41RK476. This ongoing survey, which has resulted in 10 new sites being recorded, was conducted with the assistance of Bryan Boyd, also a member of the Texas Archeological Society and the Texas Archeological Stewards Network. Also aiding with shovel tests were Bo Nelson, Patti Haskins, Tim Perttula, and Bobby Gonzalez. Of particular interest in selecting this area for archaeological survey was the presence of protohistoric Caddo and historic Cherokee Indian groups that have been reported on Rabbit Creek. The creek …

Three Mid-1800s Caddo Vessels From The Brazos Reserve, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Although a considerable body of historic archival and documentary information is available on the Caddo Indian peoples that lived in Texas between ca. 1836 and 1859 -- the removal period -- not much archaeological evidence has been uncovered for their settlements. By the late 1830s and early 1840s, most of the Caddo groups had been removed from Northeast Texas as their traditional homelands were taken and settled by Anglo-American farmers and planters. Instead, they took up residence in Oklahoma, or settled with other affiliated groups (such as the Delaware, Cherokee, and others) on the Brazos River in north central Texas. …

Texas In The Year 1000: What It Was Like Then In East Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This paper summarizes the native history of the Caddo peoples who lived in East Texas in the Year 1000. Of particular focus are the origins and early developments of the Caddoan tradition, regional diversity, subsistence changes and agricultural intensification, and socio-political dynamics.

Prehistoric Ceramic Sherds From 41mm341 On The Little River, Milam County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Site 41MM341 is a stratified Late Prehistoric site along the Little River in Milam County, Texas, not far from the confluence of the Little River and the Brazos River. Calibrated two-sigma radiocarbon dates from Zone 2 (ca. 70-90 em bs) range from AD 660-1190, and one two-sigma calibrated date of AD 1320- 1480 has been obtained from Zone I (0 to ca. 70 em bs). A few ceramic sherds were found in Zone 1 deposits. Based on the Zone 1 calibrated radiocarbon date, Mahoney and Tomka concluded that the latest occupation of 41MM341 took place during the Toyah phase, and …

Initial Findings From The Archeological Investigations Of The Hardin A Site (41gg69), Gregg County, Texas, Bryan E. Boyd, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Hardin A site (41GG69) is a prehistoric Caddo Indian settlement located on a high terrace overlooking the Sabine River flood-plain in Gregg County, Texas. The modem channel of the river is about 650 m to the south, and there is a small, intermittent tributary ca. 180 m to the west. The senior author discovered the Hardin A site in 1997, after he was told about it by informants who were looting a midden and cemetery area, and he formally recorded it in February 2000.

In an effort to better understand the temporal and archeological context of the prehistoric Caddo …

The Eufaula Mound: Contributions To The Spiro Focus, Kenneth G. Orr

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The main aim of the paper is the comparison of two archaeological sites, (1) the Eufaula site of McIntosh County, and (2) the Spiro site of Leflore County, Okla. Purpose of the comparison is to indicate the relationship between the 2 sites, thereby establishing a Spiro Focus, the ramifications and general affiliations of which will be suggested.

The thesis is based on original research coming out of my experience as Project Superintendent of various units of the Oklahoma WP A Project. The Project, sponsored by the university of Oklahoma and directed by Dr. F.E. Clements, has carried on large scale …

Preliminary Report On Cherokee County, Oklahoma Archeology, Lynn E. Howard

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Cherokee County is the latest in the state to have its prehistoric conditions investigated by the Department of Anthropology at the University of Oklahoma, in conjunction with the Federal Works Projects Administration. The preliminary survey located several likely sites. Work was begun in July 1939 on a village site and mound located at the junction of Barren Fork Creek and the Illinois River, on a farm owned by M.L. Brackett. It is located in the southwest quarter of Section 18, Township 16 North, Range 23 East. The symbol for this site is Ck. Bk. 1 (Cherokee County, Brackett site.

Human Effigy Pipes From Spiro Mound, Leflore County, Oklahoma, Sarah White

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Animal and human effigy tobacco pipes are not uncommon in Middle and Lower Mississippi culture sites, but are often rather crudely worked. However, the five human figurine pipes found during the University of Oklahoma - Works Project Administration excavation of the Spiro Mound are unusually perfect specimens of primitive stone sculpture and represent relatively finished examples of prehistoric art. The accompanying pen and ink sketches of these pipes give a general idea of the artistry they represent.

Chemical Analysis Of Caddo Pottery: A Request For Assistance In The Study Of Prehistoric Caddo Trade And Exchange With Their Neighbors, Both Near And Far, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The prehistoric Caddoan archeological record contains a diverse set of evidence on the nature of trade and exchange conducted by the Caddo with their neighbors, both near and far. I am interested in studying the scope, timing, and direction of trade/exchange between Caddo groups and surrounding non-Caddo communities, and in exploring changes in the nature of social and economic relationships between particular Caddo groups and with other prehistoric peoples.

Archeological Investigations On The Weyerhaeuser Land Exchange Sites, Mccurtain County, Oklahoma: An Update, Meeks Etchieson

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This paper provides a brief overview of the testing work completed to date on sites within the Tiak Ranger District. Ouachita National Forest. McCurtain County, Oklahoma. This work was part of the requirements outlined in the Programmatic Agreement for the Ouachita National Forest/Weyerhaeuser Company Land Exchange. Nine prehistoric sites have been tested to determine their eligibility for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places. Each site contains a Caddoan component. Six sites are believed to be eligible for listing.