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Full-Text Articles in Archaeological Anthropology
The Orphanage At Schuyler Mansion, Lois Feister
The Orphanage At Schuyler Mansion, Lois Feister
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Doll parts, toy tea set fragments, and other toys were excavated from the late 19th-century through early 20th-century occupation layers at the Schuyler Mansion State Historic Site in Albany, New York. Their occurrence raised questions about the orphans hosed their during that time period. Archival research and archaeological analysis resulted in increased understanding of the care received by homeless children during that period.
A Retrospective On Archaeology At Fort William Henry, 1952-1993: Retelling The Tale Of The Last Of The Mohicans, David R. Starbuck
A Retrospective On Archaeology At Fort William Henry, 1952-1993: Retelling The Tale Of The Last Of The Mohicans, David R. Starbuck
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Fort William Henry was a British frontier fort constructed on the orders of Sir William Johnson in September of 1755 at the southern end of Lake George in upstate New York. After its destruction by a French army under the leadership of the Marquis de Montcalm in August of 1757, at which time many of its defenders were "massacred", the outline of the fort lay exposed until 1952 when archaeological excavations began to expose the charred ruins of the fort. Regrettably, while this was one of the largest excavations ever conducted on a site of the French and Indian War, …
Is Archaeology Destructive Or Are Archaeologists Self-Destructive, Pierre Beaudet, Monique Elie
Is Archaeology Destructive Or Are Archaeologists Self-Destructive, Pierre Beaudet, Monique Elie
Northeast Historical Archaeology
The conducting of archaeological excavations for the purpose of research without the justification of eminent destruction is often referred to, in cultural resource management literature and elsewhere, as a destructive practice- one to be avoided whenever possible. The following pages discuss the validity of a such deferral approach to archaeological research both in reference to resource conservation and to understanding the past.
Book Review: The Jeffersons At Shadwell By Susan Kern, Laura J. Galke
Book Review: The Jeffersons At Shadwell By Susan Kern, Laura J. Galke
Northeast Historical Archaeology
The Jeffersons at Shadwell, by Susan Kern, 2010, Yale University Press, New Haven, 384 pages, 56 black-and-white illustrations, $30.00 (cloth).
Book Review: Excavating The Sutler's House: Artifacts Of The British Armies In Fort Edward And Lake George By David R. Starbuck, Richard Veit
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Excavating the Sutler's House: Artifacts of the British Armies in Fort Edward and Lake George, by David R. Starbuck, 2010, University Press of New England, Lebanon, New Hampshire, 132 pages, 161 illustrations, 4 half-tones, 157 color, $24.95 (paper).
Book Review: Beneath The Ivory Tower: The Archaeology Of Academia Edited By Russell K. Skowronek And Kenneth E. Lewis, David R. Starbuck
Book Review: Beneath The Ivory Tower: The Archaeology Of Academia Edited By Russell K. Skowronek And Kenneth E. Lewis, David R. Starbuck
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Beneath the Ivory Tower: The Archaeology of Academia, edited by Russell K. Skowronek and Kenneth E. Lewis, 2010, University Press of Flordia, Gainesville, 352 pages, 115 illustrations, $59.95 (cloth).
Book Review: The Archaeology Of American Labor And Working-Class Life By Paul A. Shackel, James A. Delle
Book Review: The Archaeology Of American Labor And Working-Class Life By Paul A. Shackel, James A. Delle
Northeast Historical Archaeology
The Archaeology of American Labor and Working-Class Life, by Paul A. Shackel, 2009, The American Experience in Archaeological Perspective Series, University Press of Florida, Gainesville, 160 pages, 20 illustrations, $69.95 (cloth), $19.95 (paper).
Book Review: Death In The New World: Cross-Cultural Encounters, 1492-1800, By Erik R. Seeman, Richard Veit
Book Review: Death In The New World: Cross-Cultural Encounters, 1492-1800, By Erik R. Seeman, Richard Veit
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Death in the New World: Cross-Cultural Encounters, 1492-1800, by Erik R. Seeman, 2010, Early American Studies Series, University of Pennsylvanie Press, Philadelphia, 384 pages, 28 illustrations, $45.00 (cloth), $24.95 (paper).
Book Review: Ethnographies And Archaeologies: Iterations Of The Past, Edited By Lena Mortensen And Julie Hollowell, Christina J. Hodge
Book Review: Ethnographies And Archaeologies: Iterations Of The Past, Edited By Lena Mortensen And Julie Hollowell, Christina J. Hodge
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Ethnographies and Archaeologies: Iterations of the Past, edited by Lena Mortensen and Julie Hollowell, 2009, Cultural Heritage Studies Series, University Press of Florida, Gainesville, 288 pages, 9 illustrations, $69.95 (cloth).
Book Review: Ceramic Makers' Marks By Erica S. Gibson, Patricia Samford
Book Review: Ceramic Makers' Marks By Erica S. Gibson, Patricia Samford
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Ceramic Makers' Marks, by Erica S. Gibson, 2010, Guides to Historical Artifacts, Left Coast Press, 147 pages, 253 black-and-white illustrations, indexes, $89.00 (cloth), $24.95 (paper).
Assumptions About Consumption In The Archaeology Of Late Nineteenth-Century Farmsteads, Niels R. Rinehart
Assumptions About Consumption In The Archaeology Of Late Nineteenth-Century Farmsteads, Niels R. Rinehart
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Farming is typically associated with rural environments. The Dubois Site in Albany, New York, however, presented an opportunity to look at a farmstead close to a growing urban center during the second half of the 19th century. The excavations of the Dubois Site are discussed and the results are compared to the more rural Porter Site, a contemporary 19th-century farmstead. The comparison examines how the different contexts might have impacted consumption and production at the two farms, as well as the treatment of the farmstead landscapes. The two New York sites are then contrasted with four contemporary farm sites in …
Archaeology At The 1777 Ebenezer Story Site: The Household Economy Of A Family Of Fishermen-Farmers On The Thames River, Preston, Connecticut, Ross K. Harper, Bruce Clouette
Archaeology At The 1777 Ebenezer Story Site: The Household Economy Of A Family Of Fishermen-Farmers On The Thames River, Preston, Connecticut, Ross K. Harper, Bruce Clouette
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This paper uses data from a colonial-period maritime household site to expand understanding of the economic and subsistence practices of fisherman-farmer families. The site is the 1777 homestead of Ebenezer Story on the eastern bank of the Thames River in Preston, Connecticut, about 12 miles from Long Island Sound. Like many New England Yankees, Story had a diverse household economy: he practiced subsistence farming, fished and shellfished, and owned a saltworks, boats, and cider mill in common with his family. During the Revolutionary War, Story leased part of his land for the construction of the Continental frigate Confederacy, and he …
Growing Things "Rare, Foreign, And Tender": The Early Nineteenth-Century Greenhouse At Gore Place, Waltham Massachusetts, Christa M. Beranek, J. N. Leith Smith, John M. Steinberg, Michelle G. S. Garman
Growing Things "Rare, Foreign, And Tender": The Early Nineteenth-Century Greenhouse At Gore Place, Waltham Massachusetts, Christa M. Beranek, J. N. Leith Smith, John M. Steinberg, Michelle G. S. Garman
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Excavations and ground penetrating radar at Gore Place in Waltham, Massachusetts, uncovered part of an early 19th-century greenhouse (ca. 1806 to the early 1840s) constructed by Christopher and Rebecca Gore. Documentary, archaeological, and geophysical data suggest that the greenhouse was a formal space intended to display exotic plants and that it was built in the relatively new lean-to style, with a tall back wall and a short front wall. The artifact assemblage included tools and small finds related to the greenhouse operation, as well as the remains of at least 149 planting pots. The greenhouse was constructed during a period …
Patriots, Tories, Inebriates, And Hussies: The Historical Archaeology Of The Abraham Staats House, As A Case Study In Microhistory, Richard Veit, Michael J. Gall
Patriots, Tories, Inebriates, And Hussies: The Historical Archaeology Of The Abraham Staats House, As A Case Study In Microhistory, Richard Veit, Michael J. Gall
Northeast Historical Archaeology
To modern suburbanites, life on a farm may seem hopelessly boring or, alternatively, charming and idyllic. Excavations at the Abraham Staats House in New Jersey’s Raritan Valley, just upriver from New Brunswick, provide a revealing glimpse of the dynamic and contentious lives of 18th- and 19th-century farmers. The Staats family, part of the early 18th-century Dutch migration to the Raritan Valley, saw their lives transformed by the Revolutionary War, the arrival of turnpike roads, the construction of the Delaware and Raritan Canal, the emancipation of slaves, the growth of the temperance movement, and family squabbles of Shakespearean proportions. Excavations at …
The Mother Of The Father Of Our Country: Mary Ball Washington's Genteel Domestic Habits, Laura J. Galke
The Mother Of The Father Of Our Country: Mary Ball Washington's Genteel Domestic Habits, Laura J. Galke
Northeast Historical Archaeology
The year 1743 brought hardship to the Washingtons as their family patriarch, Augustine, passed away unexpectedly. At that time, a young George Washington inherited the family’s home plantation in Fredericksburg, known today as Ferry Farm. Augustine’s will stipulated that George’s mother, Mary Ball Washington, manage the plantations of their four young boys until they came of age. Between 1743 and 1772, Mary enjoyed the personal agency that widowhood allowed her; she was responsible for the management decisions of the Washington household and the surrounding farm. Mary’s choices reflect an ambitious woman determined to participate in the genteel society her family …
Assessing Variability Among Quartering Sites In Virginia, Barbara J. Heath, Eleanor E. Breen
Assessing Variability Among Quartering Sites In Virginia, Barbara J. Heath, Eleanor E. Breen
Northeast Historical Archaeology
The definition of what constitutes a Virginia slave quarter based on archaeological evidence is evolving. In the 1970s and 1980s, archaeologists developed an informal set of criteria that equated subfloor pits and the presence of "Africanisms" with structures occupied by enslaved people, and these criteria are still widely used. The accumulation of an archaeological and architectural data set of more than 170 Virginian quartering sites over the past 40 years has demonstrated that these sites vary across time and space, has underscored the problematic nature of site definition based on a checklist approach to ethnic or racial criteria, and has …
Bert Salwen- A Recollection, John L. Cotter
Bert Salwen- A Recollection, John L. Cotter
Northeast Historical Archaeology
A recollection of the life and work of Bert Salwen.
"Something Rich And Strange": Reburial In New York City, Anne-Marie Cantwell
"Something Rich And Strange": Reburial In New York City, Anne-Marie Cantwell
Northeast Historical Archaeology
This article describes and discusses three recent cases in New York City in which anthropologists were involved in the identification, sanctification, and reburial of human remains. These examples show how living peoples may reach back into the past and join with the dead to form a desired "imagined community." Also discussed are the roles of anthropologists in these transformations of the dead into symbols of a desired body politic. Anthropologists who once focused on interpreting past social constructions are increasingly finding themselves playing crucial roles in the creation of modern ones.
Representations Of The Local Past: Gilded Age And Bureaucratic Accounts Of The Minisink, 1889 To The Present, Wendy Harris
Representations Of The Local Past: Gilded Age And Bureaucratic Accounts Of The Minisink, 1889 To The Present, Wendy Harris
Northeast Historical Archaeology
The process whereby local pasts are made meaningful varies through time and among different communities. While historians, philosophers, and anthropologists have long been intrigued by the problem of historical practice, their discussions remain speculative. This paper examines the specific social conditions of production of a single local past. During the late 19th-century, the members of the Minisink Valley Historical Society in Port Jervis, New York, engaged in the imaginative construction of a place they named "the Minisink"- an early frontier region encompassing portions of the Upper Delaware River Valley. The Society's account is examined and compared to accounts produced a …
Alternatives To Archaeological Data Recovery, Joel I. Klein
Alternatives To Archaeological Data Recovery, Joel I. Klein
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Archaeological data recovery ("salvage" excavation" is currently the principal method of mitigating project-related impacts to archaeological sites. The expense, uncertainties, and complicated logistics associated with archaeological data recovery are causing more and more cultural resource managers to seek alternative approaches to mitigation. This paper examines some of these alternatives in terms of their applicability to particular kinds of utility projects, the degree to which they satisfy the spirit as well as the letter of historic preservation laws and regulations, and the nature of objections that have been raised regarding their implementation. Among the alternative approaches considered will be avoidance as …
An Archaeological Analysis Of Spatial Patterning In College Dormitory Rooms, Rose Garvin-Jackson
An Archaeological Analysis Of Spatial Patterning In College Dormitory Rooms, Rose Garvin-Jackson
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Bert Salwen's (1973) pilot study of dormitory residents' behavior is used to demonstrate that patterning in a modern, above-ground site can be investigated with archaeological techniques. The spatial patterning in 89 dormitory rooms is analyzed to identify the various types of territories maintained by the residents. Several sociocultural variables are then selected to see if specific spatial behavior can be linked with given attributes.
The Archaeology Of 19th-Century Health And Hygiene At The Sullivan Street Site, New York City, Jean E. Howson
The Archaeology Of 19th-Century Health And Hygiene At The Sullivan Street Site, New York City, Jean E. Howson
Northeast Historical Archaeology
The households represented by archaeological remains at the Sullivan Street site in Greenwich Village are used to explore issues related to health care in 19th-century New York City. Backyard features and domestic artifact assemblages are discussed in the context of institutional development and specific changes in medical practice. Consumer choices are seen as responses to differential access to sanitation, medical care, and information. Social class had a significant effect on both the infrastructure and material culture of health and hygiene for these households.
Local Trade In Pre-Revolutionary New Jersey, Rebecca Yamin
Local Trade In Pre-Revolutionary New Jersey, Rebecca Yamin
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Following Bert Salwen's inductive approach to historical archaeology, this paper discusses the Raritan Landing project as a starting point for understanding local trade in pre-Revolutionary New Jersey. Salwen's dedication to "important historical issues" is demonstrated by this student's study, which moves from idiosyncratic artifact patterning to historiographic research to ceramic analysis and theoretical explanation. Tentative conclusions are drawn about New Jersey's pre-Revolutionary local trade and areas for further investigation are suggested.
Bert Salwen's Involvement With Historical Archaeology And Cultural Resource Management, Late 1960s-1988, Lorraine E. Williams, Nan A. Rothschild, Diana Di Zerega Wall
Bert Salwen's Involvement With Historical Archaeology And Cultural Resource Management, Late 1960s-1988, Lorraine E. Williams, Nan A. Rothschild, Diana Di Zerega Wall
Northeast Historical Archaeology
A note on Bert Salwen's work in historical archaeology and cultural resource management.
The Mahicans, The Dutch, And The Schodack Islands In The 17th And 18th Centuries, Paul R. Huey
The Mahicans, The Dutch, And The Schodack Islands In The 17th And 18th Centuries, Paul R. Huey
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Documentary research calls attention to the historical and archaeological significance of an area that once consisted of three separate islands on the east side of the Hudson River below Albany. The area, called "Schodack," included the traditional council fire of the Mahican Indians. The history of these islands can be traced from 1609, when Hudson's ship, the Half Moon, anchored near them through the colonial period. Despite extensive purchases of land by the Dutch elsewhere on both sides of the river soon after 1630, the Mahican Indian owners and occupants of these fertile islands resisted selling them to the acquisitive …
Evidence Of The Niantic Indians In The Archaeological Record, Anthony J. Puniello
Evidence Of The Niantic Indians In The Archaeological Record, Anthony J. Puniello
Northeast Historical Archaeology
The ethnohistorical record indicate that during the 17th century a group of Indians, called the Niantic, occupied the area of southwestern Rhode Island and southeastern Connecticut. The purpose of this paper is to determine if the archaeological record supports this observation. This is accomplished by the examination of the geographical distribution of several ceramic attributes identified with the pottery type "Niantic Stamped," which researchers have assumed was manufactured by the Niantic Indians.
Indian Forts Of The Mid-17th Century In The Southern New England-New York Coastal Area, Ralph S. Solecki
Indian Forts Of The Mid-17th Century In The Southern New England-New York Coastal Area, Ralph S. Solecki
Northeast Historical Archaeology
According to a recent hypothesis in connection with the emergence of the wampum trade, some 17th-century Indian forts in the southern New England-New York coastal area were built as trading stations rather than for defense or refuge. This proposition has not been fully explored. An examination of the data from the known Indian forts on Long Island and across the Long Island Sound in Connecticut and Rhode Island indicates that the proposition needs review. Only three out of nine forts discussed here appear to qualify as trading stations. These date comparatively later in the second half of the 17th century.
Pottery Production And Cultural Process: Prehistoric Ceramics From The Morgan Site, Lucianne Lavin, Fred Gudrian, Laurie Miroff
Pottery Production And Cultural Process: Prehistoric Ceramics From The Morgan Site, Lucianne Lavin, Fred Gudrian, Laurie Miroff
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Bert Salwen was a pioneer in the study of prehistoric ceramics. In this paper, we use Bert's procedures of classification and interpretation to analyze the pottery assemblage from the Morgan site, a Late Woodland horticultural community located in the lower Connecticut drainage at Rocky Hill, Connecticut. The analysis provides insight into Native American cultural development in southern New England during the 12th and 14th centuries A.D. especially in the realm of social interaction and inter-regional exchange with Hudson valley groups.
Prehistoric Adaptations On Fishers Island, New York: Progress Report, Robert E. Funk, John E. Pfeiffer
Prehistoric Adaptations On Fishers Island, New York: Progress Report, Robert E. Funk, John E. Pfeiffer
Northeast Historical Archaeology
Archaeological and paleoenvironmental research since 1985 on Fishers Island, New York has delineated a partially radiocarbon-dated Native American cultural sequence beginning in the Late Archaic period c. 4200 B.P. and ending at the Contact period c. A.D. 1600. Investigated settlement types included shell middens, lithic workshops, and inland hunting-gathering camps. Subsistence remains, including nuts, mollusks, and the bones of mammals, fishes, and birds indicate sporadic occupation of the island from spring through fall. Pollen recovered from both fresh water bogs and salt marshes evidence a typical postglacial forest succession beginning with the spruce-fir zone at about 13,000 B.P. and ending …
Bert Salwen's Prehistory: 1962-1983, Dena F. Dincauze
Bert Salwen's Prehistory: 1962-1983, Dena F. Dincauze
Northeast Historical Archaeology
A summary of some of the accomplishments of Bert Salwen.