Archaeological Anthropology Commons^™

A Cultural Resource Survey Of A 5.8-Acre Potential Fort Bend County Tract, Fort Bend County, Texas, Anastasia Gilmer

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On May 12, May 13, and June 5, 2015, Moore Archeological Consulting, Inc., conducted a cultural resource investigation of a privately owned 5.8-acre tract of land for the Fort Bend County Facilities Management & Planning Department, Fort Bend County, Texas. The tract is being considered for purchase by Fort Bend County. While Fort Bend County is interested in developing the current 5.8-acre project area, the specifics of this development are, as yet, undetermined.

The objectives of the investigation were threefold: (1) to determine the presence or absence of cultural material within the 5.8-acre Fort Bend County tract; (2) to assess …

Intensive Archeological Survey For Proposed Road And Utility Improvements At The Spaceport Business Park, Midland International Air & Space Port, Midland County, Texas, Chris Dayton, Melissa M. Green

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In April 2015, an intensive archeological survey was completed in order to inventory and evaluate archeological resources within the footprint of proposed road and utility improvements at the Spaceport Business Park located on the southwest corner of the Midland International Air & Space Port. These improvements include construction of a new road approximately 0.476 mile (assuming 50-foot [ft] wide right-of-way) and 2.42 miles of new utilities (varying 15 to 50-ft wide right-of-way) within the Park. The road footprint is 4.8 acres (ac) or 1.9 hectares (ha) while the utilities corridors cover approximately 6.0 ac or 2.4 ha for a total …

Intensive Cultural Resources Survey For The Pilot Knob Wastewater Interceptor Project, Travis County, Texas, Alamea N. Young, Christina Nielsen, Mercedes C. Cody

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On behalf of Brookfield Residential, SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) conducted an intensive cultural resources investigation of the proposed Pilot Knob Wastewater Interceptor Project in southeast Austin, Travis County, Texas. The project involves the construction of a roughly 2.1-mile-long wastewater interceptor line with an 80-foot temporary and 40-foot permanent easement, and encompasses 20.0 acres. The project has two components: the initial 1.7-mile-long wastewater interceptor and the additional 0.34- mile-long Phase 2 extension.

The initial project alignment begins at Dee Gabriel Collins Road, located approximately 0.6 mile northwest of the intersection of U.S. Route 183 and Farm-to-Market (FM) 812. The proposed line …

Investigation And Recovery Of Uss Westfield (Site 41gv151) Galveston Bay, Galveston County, Texas, Amy Borgens, Justin Parkoff, Robert Gearhart, Sara Laurence, Doug Jones, Jessica Stika

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This report represents the culmination of fourteen years of marine archeological investigations by PBS&J (now Atkins North America, Inc.) associated with the Texas City Channel Improvement Project. Over that time span Atkins’ investigations of the site of USS Westfield (41GV151) have included numerous remote-sensing surveys using various combinations of marine magnetometer, side-scan sonar, sector-scan sonar, sub-bottom profiler, and ROV; three diving investigations totaling 64 dives and over 72 hours of bottom time; and archeological salvage of Westfield resulting in the recovery of at least 8,380 artifacts. These combined efforts were undertaken in order to satisfy the responsibilities of the U.S. …

Intensive Archeological Survey Of Potential Shaft Locations Along The Proposed City Of Austin Parmer Lane Wastewater Interceptor, Travis And Williamson Counties, Texas, Chris Dayton

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In January and April 2014, an intensive archeological survey was completed in order to inventory and evaluate archeological resources within six proposed work areas, primarily potential shaft locations, along a proposed 3.7-kilometer (km) or 2.8-mile wastewater interceptor pipeline adjacent to Parmer Lane, also known as Farm-to-Market (FM) Road 734 in northwest Austin, Travis and Williamson Counties, Texas. The six areas—two along the southwest side of Parmer Lane and four along the northeast side—cover a total of 9.7 hectares or 24 acres. The work was carried out for the City of Austin under Texas Antiquities Permit 6713 by Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, …

Archaeological Survey Of 33 Miles Of The Agua Dulce To Midway Pipeline Replacement Project, San Patricio And Nueces Counties, Texas, James W. Karbula, Deidra A. Black

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Report Title: Archaeological Survey of 33 Miles of the Agua Dulce to Midway Pipeline Replacement Project, San Patricio and Nueces Counties, Texas

Report Date: August 2015

Report Number: 2015-32

Agency: None

Permit Number: None

Project Description: WSA conducted cultural resource coordination and archaeological survey investigations for a proposed Koch Pipeline Company, LP (KPL), Agua Dulce to Midway pipeline replacement project in San Patricio and Nueces Counties, Texas. WSA conducted intensive Phase I pedestrian survey with shovel testing of the proposed 33 mile (53.1 km) pipeline segment, roughly between the cities of Agua Dulce and Odem, Texas. Coordination was conducted with …

An Archaeological Survey For The Proposed City Of Granbury Water Treatment Plant Project In Hood County, Texas, William E. Moore

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

An archaeological survey of a one-acre tract in Hood County, Texas was conducted by Brazos Valley Research Associates (BVRA) on June 5, 2015. Prehistoric site 41HD11 had been recorded in the Area of Potential Effect (APE), and the purpose of this project was to confirm its presence and identify site boundaries and site significance if possible. William E. Moore was the Principal Investigator and Jesse Todd was the Project Archaeologist who performed the survey. The Texas Historical Commission (THC) issued Antiquities Permit number 7273 to this project. The area was extensively shovel tested and no cultural materials were found. Previous …

Archaeological Investigations Within San Pedro Springs Park (41bx19), San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, Raymond Mauldin, Stephen Smith, Sarah Wigley, Antonia Figueroa, Clinton Mckenzie, Laura Carbajal, Cynthia Munoz, Barbara Meissner, Kristi Nichols, Melissa Eiring, Robert Garcia Jr

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The University of Texas at San Antonio Center for Archaeological Research (UTSA-CAR) contracted with Adams Environmental, Inc. to provide archaeological services to Capital Improvement Management (CIMS) of the City of San Antonio (COSA) related to the archaeological investigation of selected areas of San Pedro Springs Park in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. The CAR conducted archaeological testing at this National Register Site, 41BX19, from early December 2013 to mid-January of 2014. The goals of archaeological investigations were to identify and investigate any proto-historic and historic archaeological deposits associated with Colonial Period occupants of the area, including evidence of the first …

An Archaeological Survey For The City Of Winters Water Supply Improvements Project In Runnels County, Texas, William E. Moore

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

An archaeological survey of the site of the proposed water supply improvement project in north-central Runnels County, Texas was performed by Brazos Valley Research Associates (BVRA) on August 14 and 15, 2015 under Antiquities Permit 7381 issued by the Texas Historical Commission (THC). This survey examined five areas where water wells are proposed, one proposed ground storage tank site, and segments of proposed transmission lines that connect with the above mentioned improvements. These lines cross Antelope Creek in two places. The total number of acres is 17.71. The field methods included a 100% pedestrian survey and shovel testing. No evidence …

Cultural Resources Survey For The City Of Hudson Wastewater Treatment Plant Expansion In Angelina County, Texas, William E. Moore

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

An archaeological survey for the City of Hudson, Texas was performed by Brazos Valley Research Associates (BVRA) on November 20 and 21, 2015 under Antiquities Permit 7471 issued by the Texas Historical Commission (THC). This survey examined the site of the proposed wastewater treatment plant, approximately 6.25 acres. The field methods included a 100% pedestrian survey and shovel testing. No evidence of a prehistoric or historic site was observed. It is recommended that the City of Hudson be allowed to proceed with construction as planned. Copies of the report will be housed at the THC, Texas Archeological Research Laboratory (TARL), …

Intensive Archeological Survey For Proposed Improvements To Farm-To-Market Road 2100 From South Diamondhead Boulevard To Fm 1960 Harris County, Texas, Melissa M. Green

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

An intensive archeological survey was completed in order to inventory and evaluate archeological resources within the footprint of proposed widening improvements to Farm-to-Market Road (FM) 2100 between South Diamondhead Boulevard (Blvd) and FM 1960 in eastern Harris County, Texas. The project is approximately 7.7 miles or 12.4 kilometers (km) in length and has a typical width of between 100 to 300 feet (ft) or 30 to 91 meters (m); the project will be up to 1,000 ft or 305 m wide at detention pond locations. The APE is 204 acres or 83 hectares with 107 acres or 43 hectares of …

Intensive Archeological Survey For Proposed Wastewater Improvements City Of Anton, Hockley County, Texas, Haley Rush, Virginia Hatfield, Chris Dayton

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In October 2015, an intensive archeological survey was completed in order to inventory and evaluate archeological resources within a parcel of land where wastewater improvements are planned for the City of Anton, Hockley County, Texas. The planned improvements include a new wastewater plant/pump station, facultative lagoon, holding pond, and effluent application area. The archeological area of potential effects (APE) is a triangular parcel of land that measures approximately 0.45 by 0.47 by 0.62 miles (0.72 by 0.76 by 1.0 kilometers) and covers approximately 72 acres (29 hectares). The APE is on a level upland adjacent to Yellowhouse Draw. The work …

Inadvertent Discovery Of An Underground Culvert, City Of Seguin, Guadalupe County, Texas, Paul M. Matchen

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In May 2012, the City of Seguin (City) proposed to undertake street improvements, which included the replacement of water, sewer, and storm sewer lines including installation of four discharge structures replacing existing structures. This project was to be funded entirely by the City. In order to meet its legal responsibilities under existing state guidelines, including the Antiquities Code of Texas 1977 [revised 1987], Title 9, Chapter 191, VACS, Art. 6145-9, the City conducted a cultural resources file search for the proposed APE. This project was also permitted under a United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Nationwide Permit (#12—Utility Installation). …

Archeological Investigations For Tasks 7 And 8 Of The Proposed Center Point Wastewater Facilities Improvements Project, Center Point, Kerr County, Texas, Jon J. Dowling

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Between February 25 and 26, 2014, Blanton & Associates (B&A), under contract with Tetra Tech, Inc., the prime contractor to Kerr County, carried out an intensive archeological survey (as per 13 TAC 26.7 and 26.15) of localities associated with Tasks 7 and 8 of the proposed Center Point Wastewater Facilities Improvements Project in Center Point, Kerr County, Texas. The Center Point Wastewater Facilities Improvements Project is situated within and around Center Point, located approximately seven miles (11.2 kilometers [km]) southwest of Comfort in Kerr County, Texas. Task 7 consists of a portion of the proposed wastewater line that crosses Wilson …

Effigy Vessel Documentation, Caddo Collections At The Texas Archeological Research Laboratory At The University Of Texas At Austin, Timothy K. Perttula, Robert Z. Selden Jr.

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Ceramic vessels from ancestral Caddo sites in East Texas are diverse in form, size, manufacture, and decoration, both spatially and temporally. Variation in these attributes, including vessel form as well as any attachments, also “is connected with particular local and regional traditions” (Brown 1996:335). To both appreciate and understand the meaning of vessel form diversity in Caddo vessel assemblages in East Texas—or any other part of the much larger southern Caddo area—the consistent identification of different vessel forms and vessel shapes is crucial. The formal identification of the diverse vessel forms and vessel shapes, in conjunction with other vessel attributes, …

Caddo Ceramic Vessels From The Goode Hunt (41cs23) And Clements (41cs25) Sites In The East Texas Pineywoods, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Goode Hunt (41CS23) and Clements (41CS25) sites are early historic Nasoni Caddo cemeteries and settlements in the Pineywoods of East Texas. The Clements site was first investigated in 1898 by W. T. Scott, and then again in 1932 by archaeologists from the University of Texas (UT). The nearby Goode Hunt site was also investigated by UT in 1932.

In this publication, the concern is with the 153 Caddo ceramic vessels recovered from burial features at the two sites during these various investigations, including the 34 vessels from the Clements site being curated by the American Museum of Natural History, …

Excavations At The Early Caddo Period Mound Pond Site (41hs12) In Harrison County, Texas, Glenn T. Goode, Timothy K. Perttula, Leslie L. Bush, Shawn Marceaux, Leeanna Schniebs, Jesse Todd

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This publication summarizes major archaeological findings from the July 1977 excavations at the Mound Pond site (41HS12), in the Pineywoods of Harrison County, Texas. The site lies on the south, or right, bank of Big Cypress Creek in the upper reaches of Caddo Lake, approximately 4 km north of the village of Uncertain.

The Mound Pond Site was recorded by Dr. E. Mott Davis (The University of Texas at Austin) in the 1950s, during the time that he was conducting investigations at nearby Lake O’ the Pines Reservoir. Early in 1977, Forrest Murphey, of Marshall, Texas, approached Glenn Goode about …

Caddo Ceramic Vessels From The Hatchel Site (41bw3) On The Red River In Bowie County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This monograph concerns the analysis and study of the ancestral Caddo ceramic vessels (n=68) recovered at the Hatchel site (41BW3) on the Red River in Bowie County, Texas. These vessels were excavated from burial and non-burial features in the platform mound, village areas, and cemetery areas (burial plots 1-4) excavated by University of Texas archaeologists during 1938-1939 Works Progress Administration (WPA) investigations. The vessels are curated at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas (TARL).

The Bert W. Davis Site (41hp3) On The South Sulphur River In Hopkins County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Bert W. Davis site in the South Sulphur River valley in East Texas was investigated by archaeologists from the University of Texas (UT) in 1919 and 1934, because an aboriginal cemetery had been exposed by plowing and later looting. The UT work consisted of a reconnaissance by J. E. Pearce in September 1919 and trenching by A. T. Jackson and crew in July 1934. A small assemblage of artifacts were recovered by UT during this work, but the collection (now at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at UT) had never been fully studied or the results of the work …

The Goss Farm Site (41fn12) On Bois D’Arc Creek, Fannin County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Goss Farm site (41FN12) is an ancestral Caddo settlement on an alluvial landform on the west side of Bois d’Arc Creek near its confluence with the Red River. The Sanders site (41LR2) lies east of the Goss Farm on Bois d’Arc Creek; the Goss Farm site is likely part of the same ancestral Caddo settlement as the Sanders site. The recovered artifacts from Goss Farm strongly suggest that the occupations there are culturally related to that of the Sanders site.

In August 1930, B. B. Gardner of the University of Texas conducted limited archaeological investigations at the site. He …

The Westerman Mound Site (41ho15), Houston County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Westerman site is located in the middle Neches River basin in the Pineywoods of East Texas. The site, first recorded in 1969, is on an alluvial terrace lying between Armstrong Creek to the south and Cochino Bayou to the north; these are eastward-flowing tributaries to the Neches River.

The site has a single earthen mound and an associated settlement that is estimated to cover ca. 10-15 acres; there are several areas at the site where aboriginal artifacts were noted at the surface, on each side of the mound. The mound, which was well preserved when it was visited in …

A Titus Phase Midden Mound At The Earl Jones Farm (41wd3) In The Lake Fork Creek Basin, Wood County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Earl Jones Farm site is one of a number of Late Caddo period, Titus phase (ca. A.D 1430-1680), sites along tributaries of Lake Fork Creek in the upper Sabine River basin in East Texas, nor far from Quitman, the county seat for Wood County. This includes sites such as J. H. Reese (41WD2), L. L. Winterbauer (41WD6), 41WD19, 41WD44, Pine Tree (41WD51), Burks (41WD52), and Steck (41WD529) with habitation features, midden deposits, and family cemeteries.

The T. M. Joslin Site (41vn3) In The Sabine River Basin, Van Zandt County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The T. M. Joslin site (41VN3) is a multi-component prehistoric site that was investigated by the University of Texas (UT) in September 1940 as Works Progress Administration (WPA) Project No. 15409. The excavations began immediately after the UT WPA crew had finished work at the nearby Yarbrough site (41VN6). The site is on a sandy knoll on Caney Creek, a northward-flowing tributary of the Sabine River in the Post Oak Savannah of East Texas.

Supervised by William A. Duffen of UT, a crew of 16 local laborers excavated a 100 x 100 ft. block (30.5 x 30.5 m) on the …

The Joe Meyer Estate #1 Site (41sm73) On Saline Creek In The Upper Neches River Basin In East Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Joe Meyer Estate #1 site (41SM73) is an ancestral Caddo settlement and cemetery on an upland landform west of Saline Creek, a southern-flowing tributary of the Neches River in the upper Neches River basin. In the spring of 1957 members of the East Texas Archeological Society (ETAS), including John Mulligan, Sam Whiteside, Derrell Sanders, and Jowell Proctor, had located the site and commenced excavations. The site had substantial midden deposits as well as Caddo burial features.

W. A. Davis and E. Mott Davis of The University of Texas visited the site in April 1957, took notes on the burial …

The L. L. Winterbauer Site (41wd6), Wood County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The L. L. Winterbauer site (41WD6) is an ancestral Caddo habitation site in the Lake Fork Creek basin in the Post Oak Savannah of East Texas (Figure 1). It is situated along a small tributary stream that flows west into Lake Fork Creek, itself a tributary to the Sabine River, about 1.5 miles west of Quitman, the county seat of Wood County. The recovered artifacts from the investigations of the Winterbauer site indicate that the site was occupied during the Late Caddo period Titus phase, dated generally between ca. A.D. 1430-1680.

The Lafitte Mound Site (41sy15) In The Middle Sabine River Basin, Shelby County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Lafitte site (41SY15) is an ancestral Caddo mound center in the middle Sabine River basin in the East Texas Pineywoods. It was identified and recorded in the early 1960s during the course of archaeological surveys of then proposed Toledo Bend Reservoir.

41hs144, A Middle Caddo Period Settlement And Cemetery In The Sabine River Basin Of East Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Site 41HS144 is a Middle Caddo period (ca. A.D. 1200-1450) settlement and cemetery in the Sabine River basin in the East Texas Pineywoods. The site was excavated by collectors, including Mr. Red McFarland, a well-known collector and looter of Caddo burials, in the mid-1970s. McFarland provided to the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin (TARL) basic information on the site and the cultural features that he and other collectors found there, and he also donated to TARL a collection of recovered artifacts. This article is an analysis of the available records and collectors from 41HS144.

The Keasler Site (41hs235), A Titus Phase Cemetery In The Little Cypress Creek Basin, Harrison County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Keasler site (41HS235) is a Late Caddo period, Titus phase (ca. A.D. 1430-1680) cemetery in the East Texas Pineywoods. The site was excavated by collectors in the late 1970s, including Red McFarland, one of the more active looters of Caddo burials in East Texas. Minimal records on the burials at the site, and their contents, were provided by McFarland to the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas (TARL).

The Keasler site is near Little Creek, a northward-flowing tributary to Little Cypress Creek. It is perhaps one of the easternmost-known Titus phase cemeteries in East Texas, in …

41ho70 On Stowe Creek In The Upper San Pedro Creek Basin, Houston County, Texas, Timothy K. Perttula

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Site 41HO70 in the East Texas Pineywoods is an ancestral Caddo settlement that was extensively looted by a well-known East Texas looter in 1985. The available information about the site discussed in this article is gleaned from the records and a 1986 artifact collection held by the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin (TARL).

An Examination Of Six “Nutting Stones” From East Texas For Plant Phytoliths, Mark Walters, Steven Bozarth, Thomas H. Guderjan

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

In this article we report on an examination of six nutting stones from East Texas sites as well as an exploratory examination of their possible functions. “Nutting stones” have long been presumed to have been used prehistorically for crushing nuts such as hickory, etc. as foodstuffs. In fact Davis described them as being:

A small flat stone, usually made of limestone, sandstone or other sedimentary types of rock which could be carried by hand. The flat surface may have one or more ground or pecked cups of various sizes, shapes and depth. It is postulated that they were used for …