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Biological Pesticides: Biotechnology's Answer To Silent Spring, Donald H. Dean

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

In the 25 years since the publication of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring the public has come to realize the environmental impact of heavy use of chemical pesticides. To add insult to injury, many insects, including the disease vector, the mosquito, are now virtually resistant to standard chemical pesticides. Biotechnology is now providing a positive response to these dilemmas through the production and development of improved forms of microbial pest control agents: biological pesticides. Biological pesticides are pathogens, or predators, of insects such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses, and predatory insects or vertebrates such as mosquito fish which reduce the population …

Questions And Discussion [The Scientist's Role In The Controversy Over Genetic Engineering, Regulation And Utilization Of Microorganisms: A Symposium], Arthur Weissinger

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Aminoisobutyric Acid Transport Systems In Mcf-8, A Line Of Malignant Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells, Bruce A. Voyles

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Uptake of α-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) by MCF-8, a line of malignant mouse mammary epithelial cells derived from a D2 hyperplastic nodule outgrowth, was found to be mediated by two different transport systems. In actively dividing cells about 60% of total AIB uptake is mediated by an A-like system: transport was Na+ -dependent, was inhibited by N-methyl-AIB, was maximal at pH 7.5 and ceased at pH 6. Transport by this system was reduced by nearly 65% when cell division ceased in confluent cultures, but the addition of insulin and/or calf serum to the medium of quiescent cells restored activity. Transport by …

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

A Non-Gall Forming Eurosta Solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae), W. Bryan Stoltzfus

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Eurosta Jolidaginis (Fitch) can parasitize Solidago canadensis without forming a gall. This non-gall former apparently escapes most of the parasitism and predation of the gall forming fly. Levels of host-plane infestation by non-gall formers may approach the frequency of gall formation.

Effects Of Intensive Training On Prolactin Responses To Submaximal Exercise In Males, A. C. Hackney, R. L. Sharp, W. S. Runyan, R. J. Ness

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The purpose of this study was to determine if serum prolactin responses to submaximal exercise were affected by 8 weeks of intensive training (5 cl/wk, 90 min/d 65-200% V0₂max). Nine males performed 90 minute continuous exercise bouts (cycle ergometry; 65% V0₂ max) at the end of 1, 4, and 8 weeks of training. Blood samples were obtained pre-training, and pre-, post-exercise. Significant differences were not seen in pre- and post-exercise prolactin levels at weeks 1 and 4. However, at week 8 the post-exercise prolatin was significantly greater than the pre-exercise levels (6.8 ± 0.9 vs 3.8 ± …

Release And Behavior Of Recombinant Bacteria In Field Studies, Steven E. Lindow

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Numerous opportunities exist for the utilization of genetically engineered microorganisms for useful purposes in agriculture and in waste management. An extremely diverse array of microorganisms is likely to be considered for such processes as biological control of plant pests, degradation of to toxic wastes, reclamation of rare metals and other processes. For some purposes, such as in the degradation of toxic materials, it may be possible to make biologically compromised microorganisms that will exist only in the presence of the toxic chemicals that they were designed to transform. A better understanding of the genetics, biology and physiology of microorgansims which …

Front Matter

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Pollen Fertility And Agronomic Performance Of Sorghum Hybrids With Different Male-Sterility-Inducing Cytoplasms, R. E. Secrist, R. E. Atkins

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Effects of three sources of male-sterility-inducing cytoplasm in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] were compared in crosses with 217 male parents. Hybrids of these parents and A2 Redbine 58', 'A3 Combine Kafir 60', and 'A4 Martin' female parents were evaluated for percentage stained pollen, seed set of bagged panicles, plant height, and days to midbloom. Additionally, hybrids of 12 of the inbreds crossed to each female parent were evaluated for grain yield and other agronomic traits in comparison with hybrids in A1 male-sterility-inducing cytoplasm.

Twenty-one inbreds restored pollen fertility to hybrids with A2 cytoplasm, 11 restored pollen fertility to …

Index For Volume 96

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Ada Hayden: A Tribute, Duane Isely

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Dr. Ada Hayden was a member of the Iowa State College of Botany faculty, 1920-1950. Her floristic studies of the lake region in northern Iowa are possibly the most authoritative for any part of the state. Hayden was curator of the Iowa State herbarium, 1934-1950, and contributed immeasurably to its development. This research facility has recently been named the Ada Hayden Herbarium. In the sense that L. H. Pammel was father of the Iowa State park system, her bequest is the state preserves. After some 25 years as a conservation activist, she published descriptions of 22 prairie areas in ten …

Nesting Of Raptors Uncommon In Iowa: Summary And New Records, Dean M. Roosa, Jon Stravers

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The nesting status of the Turkey Vulture, Bald Eagle, Northern Harrier, Sharp-shinned Hawk, Cooper's Hawk, Red-shouldered Hawk, Broad-winged Hawk, Swainson's Hawk, Peregrine Falcon, Common Barn-Owl, Burrowing Owl, Long-eared Owl and Short-eared Owl is reviewed and previously unpublished records added. Also the potential for the Northern Saw-whet Owl and Osprey to nest in Iowa is discussed. Although several species are on the brink of extirpation as part of Iowa's nesting avifauna, the Bald Eagle has returned as a regular nester. Over 100 previously unpublished nesting reports and some management recommendations are included.

Hybrid Performance Of Sorghum Parental Lines Developed By Mass Selection And S1 Yield Testing, K. R. Ess, R. E. Atkins

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Experiments were conducted co obtain information on the effects of two methods of developing parental lines from a random-mating population of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) on hybrid performance. Gridded mass selection for threshed panicle weight was used in developing IAP1R(M)C3: and a sister population, IAP4R(S1)C3, was advanced each cycle on the basis of grain yield of S₁ families in replicated yield trials. Hybrids with male parents developed by mass selection did not differ significantly for grain yield and panicles/plant from those with parents chosen on the basis of S₁ yield tests. The S₁-selection hybrids …

Mutant Weeds Of Iowa: S-Triazine-Resistant Plastids Chenopodium Album L., Jack Dekker, Ronald Burmester

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

S-triazine resistance in common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) has been reported previously but not in Iowa. A study was conducted using a chlorophyll a fluorescence assay to confirm the presence of resistance in C. album populations in Iowa. Variable chlorophyll a fluorescence assays confirmed that mutations conferring resistance exist in five (5) geographically separated populations of C. album in Iowa: relatively greater fluorescence yields were measured in untreated resistant tissue compared with untreated susceptible plants, relatively greater fluorescence yield in treated compared with untreated susceptible leaf disks; and similar fluorescence yields of treated and untreated resistant tissue. This is the …

The Scientist's Role In The Controversy Over Genetic Engineering, Regulation And Utilization Of Microorganisms: A Symposium Presented At The L00th Annual Meeting Of The Iowa Academy Of Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa April 21-23, 1988: Introduction, Arthur K. Weissinger

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The introduction of technologies for the direct genetic manipulation or alteration of organisms offers tremendous promise of improved agronomic prosperity through the enhancement of existing agricultural systems and through development of alternative products and methods. These technologies also pose philosophical, socioeconomic, and environmental questions. A number of these questions were considered at the bioethics symposium that was held here at Iowa State last November, the purpose of which was to examine the social, ethical, regulatory, and legal issues associated with the application of cell culture, molecular biology, and other so-called biotechnologies to agriculture.

Public Policy On The Introduction Of Genetically Engineered Microorganisms, Anne K. Vidaver

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

This presentation raises questions of research needs and issues. Underlying assumptions are that only beneficial or useful microorganisms will be "released"; that extensive laboratory and contained experiments will have been done prior to introduction and live microorganisms can be confined within the areas of introduction. Evidence to support these assertions will be presented. Critical needs for progress in this area include: 1) Recognition that the nature of the product introduced into the environment is of primary significance, not how the organism was genetically altered or modified. 2) Recognition that microorganisms are introduced into the environment as part of our daily …

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Ecology Of Iowa Drosophila Ii. Lowland Forest And Sand Prairie, Neil J. Jennings, Robert D. Seager

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The seasonal abundances of Drosophila species collected from a lowland forest community and from a sand prairie community in northeastern Iowa are compared. With some important exceptions, the patterns seen in the lowland forest community were similar to what had been observed in a previous collection (Jennings et al. 1985). Fewer species and many fewer individuals were collected from the sand prairie community, although in general the patterns seen were similar to those of the lowland forest community. Strong evidence of microhabitat differentiation was seen in both communities. In contrast to our previous study, none of the seasonal abundance patterns …

The Vascular Flora Of Pilot Knob State Preserve, William C. Watson

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Pilot Knob State Preserve is a 365 acre (147 ha) area lying within the boundaries of Pilot Knob State Park. Located in north central Iowa near the northeast corner of Hancock County, this preserve resides on the eastern morainal system of the Des Moines Lobe left from the Wisconsinan glaciation. The vegetation of the preserve is primarily a deciduous woodland on rolling hills interspersed with wetland habitats in the hollows. Iowa's only floating bog is present in one of these hollows and supports numerous vascular plants uncommon to the state. Two species, Carex cephalantha (Bailey) Bickn. and Drosera rotundifolia L., …

Synthesis And Antibacterial Studies Of Some 2-Furanthiocarboxyhydrazones, Xiaorong Li, Zoumin Sun, James C. Chang

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Seven 2-furanthiocarboxyhydrazones were prepared, 5-nitro-furaldehyde-2-furanthiocarboxyhydrazone from the reaction of 2-furanthiocarboxyhydrazide with 5-nitro-2-furaldiacetate and the others from the condensation of 2-furanthiocarboxyhydrazide with aldehydes: 2- furaldehyde, benzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, o-methoxybenzaldehyde, o-vanillin, and salicylaldehyde. The seven 2-furanthiocarboxyhydrazones were tested for their antibacterial activities against Staphyloccocus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. 5-Nitro-2-furaldehyde-2- furanthiocarboxyhydrazone was found to display the strongest bacterotoxicity.

Iowa Geology: The Early Years, Wayne I. Anderson

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

In 1975 on the occasion of the first one hundred years of the Iowa Academy of Science, Robert W. Hanson summarized the history of the organization. Additional historical accounts covering many of the science disciplines were published during the centennial year. Although geology was not treated separately in these special articles, the contributions of early geologists were important to the development of science in our state. Consequently, it is appropriate to consider the contributions of early geologists in Iowa in celebration of the one hundredth annual meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science. Included in the present report are the …

Index For Volume 95

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Journal Of The Iowa Academy Of Science Submission Form And Instruction Sheet

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Back Cover

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Anthracnose Kernel Rot Of Maize Caused By Colletotrichum Graminicola (Ces.) Wils.: Mode Of Entrance Into And Disease Progression In Ears, Claude Nankam, D. C. Foley

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The mode of establishment of Colletotrichum graminicola in maize ears to cause kernel infection was studied for two types of infective propagules and three sites of penetration. Shank inoculations with either oat-grain inoculum or spores induced a greater percentage of infected kernels than inoculations of the husk or kernel area with an infected oat grain or inoculations of the silks with an oat grain or a spore suspension in 1985. But in 1986, a spore suspension in the kernels ranked first among all the treatments based on the basis of disease severity on the kernels. However, a large percentage of …