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Articles 1 - 30 of 180
Full-Text Articles in Anthropology
"It's Not Meant For Us": Exploring The Intersection Of Gentrification, Public Education, And Black Identity In Washington, D.C., Shea Winsett
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This dissertation discusses themes of racial identity, meaning of space, and class through an exploration of the intersection of gentrification and public education in Washington, D.C. Through analysis of middle-class responses to gentrification I argue, 1) that the public education system is a site of gentrification, as it has become a site of capitalistic development and Black displacement; 2) that the American concept of race, including race relations, is not an aberration of typical American society, but a defining cultural feature; and 3) the best way to understand race and class in America is to use theory constructed from the …
“It's Not About Us": The Erasure Of African American Heritage And The Rehistoricization Of The First Africans On Jamestown Island, Virginia, Lamarise C. Reid
“It's Not About Us": The Erasure Of African American Heritage And The Rehistoricization Of The First Africans On Jamestown Island, Virginia, Lamarise C. Reid
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This thesis explores the complex relationship between making African Diaspora history and culture visible at Historic Jamestowne, a setting that has historically been seen as "white". The four hundredth anniversary of the forced arrival of Africans in Virginia has created a fraught space to examine African American collective memories of shared history, community and commemoration. This thesis operationalizes Page and Thomas's (1994) "white public space" which describes the utilization of "locations, sites, patterns, configurations or devices that routinely discursively, and sometimes coercively privilege Euro-Americans over nonwhites" (1994: 111). When this concept is applied to the construction of heritage and production …
"To Milk The Yankee Tourists": Mid-20th-Century Heritage Practice And The Social Construction Of Whiteness In The American South, Jessica Bittner
"To Milk The Yankee Tourists": Mid-20th-Century Heritage Practice And The Social Construction Of Whiteness In The American South, Jessica Bittner
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This paper considers the appropriation of Indigenous heritage in northwest Georgia during the mid-20th century. Through this case study of the first state-funded historic preservation project in the state at Etowah Indian Mounds, I apply a recent theorizing on the nature of whiteness, settler colonialism, and the role of heritage in cementing racialized structures of colonial rule. I outline the long history of Indigenous dispossession and settler appropriation in the American South to show how the origins of Indigenous heritage tourism built on an established settler colonial apparatus that deployed race to service commercial and economic development schemes. in this …
History Of Archaeological Research In The Yoruba-Edo Region Of Nigeria: New Directions For Urban Earthenworks, Olanrewaju Blessing Lasisi
History Of Archaeological Research In The Yoruba-Edo Region Of Nigeria: New Directions For Urban Earthenworks, Olanrewaju Blessing Lasisi
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
In this thesis, I examine the history and trends in Nigerian archaeology, through to the development of methods and theories in the study of urban space. The nascent period of the discipline aligns with the early 19th-century colonial administration. During this period, the attention of archaeologists was on art objects. It was followed by indigenous-directed research that sees universities spring up. I discussed how this new formation sought to decolonize archaeology by pointing out that the early studies were colonial-derived, hence ignoring the accomplishments of independent African cultures. The indigenous archaeology new school served to rectify these inherent problems by …
The Gap On The Block: Aboriginality, Subjectivity, And Agency In Contemporary Urban Australia, Jennifer Michelle Ellis
The Gap On The Block: Aboriginality, Subjectivity, And Agency In Contemporary Urban Australia, Jennifer Michelle Ellis
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This thesis utilizes a theoretical and methodological approach that explores subjectivity as the relational, complex, fluid, multidimensional, recursive and intersectional modes in which social subjects are animated (Ortner 2005, 31). I discuss these different aspects of subjectivity construction through a contemporary example from urban Australia and by employing frameworks that underscore the agency of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples (Aboriginal or Aboriginal Australians) in constructing and maintaining their own subjectivities through discourses that challenge settler colonialism. I work to intertwine related theoretical approaches such as practice theory as defined by Sherry Ortner, and Pierre Bourdieu's discussion of the distinction …
Knowing The River, Working The Land, And Digging For Clay: Pamunkey Indian Subsistence Practices And The Market Economy 1800-1900, Ashley Spivey
Knowing The River, Working The Land, And Digging For Clay: Pamunkey Indian Subsistence Practices And The Market Economy 1800-1900, Ashley Spivey
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This dissertation explores the responses and engagement of the Pamunkey Indians with an expanding capitalist economy in nineteenth century Tidewater Virginia. Framed by theoretical discourses of political economy and landscape, I investigate the Pamunkey community’s Reservation subsistence economy, and the transitional effects the infiltration of industrial capitalism had on the economic life and experiences of Pamunkey people. Evidence uncovered from archaeological investigations on the Reservation, archival resources, and oral testimony from tribal members reveal how the Pamunkey community structured their engagement with the market. Pamunkey market engagement formed a mixed economy that followed an annual seasonal round grounded in the …
Entangled By Salt: Historical Archaeology Of Seafarers And Things In The Venezuelan Caribbean, 1624–1880, Konrad Andrzej Antczak
Entangled By Salt: Historical Archaeology Of Seafarers And Things In The Venezuelan Caribbean, 1624–1880, Konrad Andrzej Antczak
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This doctoral dissertation is aimed at determining changes in seafarer-thing relationships—which I define as entanglements—from 1624 to 1880 at two saltpans on two islands of the Venezuelan Caribbean. Three sites with four occupational phases will be discussed: one site with two occupational phases (Dutch, 1624–1638; Anglo-American, 1638–1781) on the island of La Tortuga, and two sites each comprising one occupational phase (multi-component, c. 1700–1800; Dutch Antillean/US American, 1810s–1880) on the island of Cayo Sal, in the Los Roques Archipelago. More specifically, this research seeks to determine how the development of European capitalism and consumerism impacted entanglements involving seafarers and things …
A Paradigm Shift Within University Museums, Emily Bagdasarian
A Paradigm Shift Within University Museums, Emily Bagdasarian
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This thesis examines the role of university museums in the United States and their relationship to academic and local communities as well as their influence on a national and international level. The purpose of this study is to identify how changes in educational, social, and cultural issues have affected the role of university museums in the United States during their almost two hundred and fifty years of evolution. A second goal is to identify which audiences (academic or public) they chose to focus on. Taking a multifaceted approach, this thesis studies three museums from Ivy League institutions: The University of …
Beyond The Butcher's Block: The Animal Landscapes Of Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake And Lowcountry Plantations, Jenna Kay Carlson Dietmeier
Beyond The Butcher's Block: The Animal Landscapes Of Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake And Lowcountry Plantations, Jenna Kay Carlson Dietmeier
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This dissertation argues that working oxen, horses, and mules contributed to the physical and social landscapes of eighteenth-century plantations in the Chesapeake and the Lowcountry. This research embraces an animal landscape approach, exploring how humans and animals were both active agents in shaping animal husbandry strategies, social interactions, and power negotiations on plantations. This exploration utilized archaeological and historical sources, predominately faunal assemblages from Oxon Hill Manor, Maryland, Mount Vernon, Virginia, Drayton Hall, South Carolina, and Stobo Plantation, South Carolina; articulated equine skeletons from Jamestown Island, Virginia, and Yorktown, Virginia; and probate inventories from plantations within the eighteenth-century Upper Chesapeake …
Making History Stick: Representations Of Naval Stores In North Carolina Museums, Catherine Widin Bailey
Making History Stick: Representations Of Naval Stores In North Carolina Museums, Catherine Widin Bailey
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This thesis explores the extent to which three North Carolina museums, the North Carolina Museum of History, the Cape Fear Museum, and the Maritime Museum at Southport, represent the state’s history of naval stores. Being a crucial part of North Carolina’s past that is frequently ignored in the formal education system, naval stores should be highlighted in museum exhibits about the state’s history and heritage. A critical analysis of these exhibits shows how these representations form a significant part of civic engagement and suggests improvements that would enhance the education of audiences about the importance of naval stores to the …
The Archaeology Of Enslavement In Plantation Jamaica: A Study Of Community Dynamics Among The Enslaved People Of Good Hope Estate, 1775-1838, Hayden Frith Bassett
The Archaeology Of Enslavement In Plantation Jamaica: A Study Of Community Dynamics Among The Enslaved People Of Good Hope Estate, 1775-1838, Hayden Frith Bassett
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The “slave village” occupies an important place in New World plantation archaeology, though one in which the variation of experience and the internal social organization have yet to be thoroughly addressed. Through archaeological investigation, this dissertation explores the social dynamics and institutions created by enslaved people to negotiate their domestic circumstances. In many plantation settings, enslaved people lived in dedicated villages or the rear-yards of plantation houses. their domestic boundaries were prescribed, but the life they created within those boundaries was by and large a product of their own sense of sociability, domesticity, and ingenuity. The ways in which people …
The Materiality Of Authority: Ornamental Objects And Negotiations Of Sovereignty In The Algonquian Middle Atlantic (A.D. 900 - 1680), Christopher Judd Shephard
The Materiality Of Authority: Ornamental Objects And Negotiations Of Sovereignty In The Algonquian Middle Atlantic (A.D. 900 - 1680), Christopher Judd Shephard
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This dissertation investigates the emergence, development, and transformation of centralized political authority within Algonquian societies of the Late Woodland and early Colonial period (A.D. 900 – 1680) southern Middle Atlantic. Sixteenth and 17th century European accounts describe coastal Algonquian-speaking societies of modern day Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina as organized into multi-community polities structured by hierarchical political authority, centralized decision-making and pervasive inequality. However, the hallmarks typically associated with chiefly political organization—monumental architecture, settlement hierarchies, and widespread differentiation in mortuary symbolism—are almost non-existent in the region’s archaeological record. Colonial chroniclers, however, were adamant that the objects most highly valued by …
Algonquian Taskscapes And Changing Landscapes: Archaeobotanical Findings From Tidewater Virginia, Jessica Marie Herlich
Algonquian Taskscapes And Changing Landscapes: Archaeobotanical Findings From Tidewater Virginia, Jessica Marie Herlich
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The historical ecology of Tidewater Virginia from the Late Archaic to Early Colonial eras (ca. 1200 BC–AD 1600) indicates human-environmental dynamics that modified the landscape and simultaneously impacted the histories of Native groups in the region. I consider Algonquian Tidewater Virginia through the perspectives of historical ecology, taskscapes (a model of the landscape interweaving space, time, and human activities [Ingold 1993, 2000]), and gendered landscapes to explore the intersections of place, labor, and time. The Middle Woodland (ca. 500 BC-AD 800) is an important time period in my discussion. During this era, the region’s archaeology suggests shifts towards more sedentary …
A Confluence Of Cultures: Complicating The Interpretation Of 17th Century Plantation Archaeology Using Data From Rich Neck Plantation, Thomas John Cuthbertson
A Confluence Of Cultures: Complicating The Interpretation Of 17th Century Plantation Archaeology Using Data From Rich Neck Plantation, Thomas John Cuthbertson
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Though there is no shortage of 17th century plantation sites in the Chesapeake archaeology enslaved African populations is incipient, but not yetflourishing. This may be a reflection of the result of those communities’ underrepresentation in the archaeological and documentary records from that time period. Detailed analysis of archaeological sites where Africans were present can reveal the material residues of their lives, even when this material culture is inundated by European materials. This thesis marshals archaeological, historiographic, and ethnohistorical data to use the excavations at the Rich Neck Plantation as a window into the diversity of the 17th century Atlantic world. …
The Teapots In The Tempest: Ceramics And Military Order At 18th Century Fort Stanwix, Elizabeth Scholz
The Teapots In The Tempest: Ceramics And Military Order At 18th Century Fort Stanwix, Elizabeth Scholz
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Historically, there has been significant interest in examining pre-contact and historic sites of conflict. Recent studies in historic conflict archaeology have contributed to scholars’ understanding of military sites, specific battles, and sites of sieges and encampments. Archaeological excavations at the 18th century Fort Stanwix in Rome, New York have uncovered a rich assemblage that has facilitated the reconstruction of the fort; however, it is a careful analyses of the artifacts recovered during this process that can help scholars explore life at the fort. Integrating archaeological, historical, and documentary evidence, this paper analyzes the spatial and typological distribution of ceramics at …
“Sugary Mixed-Plate”: Landscape Of Power And Separation On 20th-Century Hawaiian Sugar Plantations, Joshua Timsing Maka'ala Gastilo
“Sugary Mixed-Plate”: Landscape Of Power And Separation On 20th-Century Hawaiian Sugar Plantations, Joshua Timsing Maka'ala Gastilo
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Archaeology in the Hawaiian Islands predominantly focuses on pre-contact and immediate post-contact contexts, while largely ignoring post-1870 phenomena. The scarcity of studies examining these settings points out the rich opportunities for investigating dynamics that influenced Hawaiian sugar plantation laborer perceptions of power, authority, and class relations on 20th century Hawaiian plantations. Part of the Hawaiian sugar planters’ strategy to dominate the political governance of Hawaiʻi and the social dynamics of the plantations was the establishment of racial hierarchies. Planters reinforced such hierarchies by promoting divisions and segregation and by establishing places of power in the form of managers’ and luna …
Slate Pencils?: Education Of Free And Enslaved African American Children At The Bray School, Williamsburg, Virginia, 1760-1774, Valerie Susan Scura Trovato
Slate Pencils?: Education Of Free And Enslaved African American Children At The Bray School, Williamsburg, Virginia, 1760-1774, Valerie Susan Scura Trovato
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
There is a dearth of literature on the archaeology of childhood. Historical archaeology, by its unique nature as a discipline, can use a combination of written documents, the archaeological record, and oral histories to interpret past lives. Historical documents and correspondence of the Associates of the Late Reverend Dr. Thomas Bray attest to the establishment of The Bray School, a school created for free and enslaved African American children in eighteenth-century Williamsburg, Virginia. Appointed schoolmistress Mrs. Ann Wager played a significant role in what the children were being taught. An abundance of slate pencil fragments found on the Bray School …
Afro-Barbadian Foodways: Analysis Of The Use Of Ceramics By Freed Afro-Barbadian Estate Workers, Camille Lois Chambers
Afro-Barbadian Foodways: Analysis Of The Use Of Ceramics By Freed Afro-Barbadian Estate Workers, Camille Lois Chambers
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Nineteenth Century Enslaved African Americans' Coping Strategies For The Stresses Of Enslavement In Virginia, Allison Michelle Campo
Nineteenth Century Enslaved African Americans' Coping Strategies For The Stresses Of Enslavement In Virginia, Allison Michelle Campo
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
"Written In Indian": Creating Legitimized Literacy And Authorized Speakership In Koasati., Stephanie Hasselbacher
"Written In Indian": Creating Legitimized Literacy And Authorized Speakership In Koasati., Stephanie Hasselbacher
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Canary Red: Preserving Cochineal And Contrasting Colonial Histories On Lanzarote, Sarah Mattes
Canary Red: Preserving Cochineal And Contrasting Colonial Histories On Lanzarote, Sarah Mattes
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Inviting The Principle Gentlemen Of The City: Privacy, Exclusivity, And Food Complexity In Colonial Taverns, Lauren Elizabeth Gryctko
Inviting The Principle Gentlemen Of The City: Privacy, Exclusivity, And Food Complexity In Colonial Taverns, Lauren Elizabeth Gryctko
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
'Tavern' By The Saltpan: New England Seafarers And The Politics Of Punch On La Tortuga Island, Venezuela, 1682-1782, Konrad A. Antczak
'Tavern' By The Saltpan: New England Seafarers And The Politics Of Punch On La Tortuga Island, Venezuela, 1682-1782, Konrad A. Antczak
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
The Technique Of The Poquoson-Style Log Canoe, David Andrews Moran
The Technique Of The Poquoson-Style Log Canoe, David Andrews Moran
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Dealing In Metaphors: Exploring The Materiality Of Trade On Virginia's Seventeenth Century Eastern Siouan Frontier, Madeleine Ailsworth Gunter
Dealing In Metaphors: Exploring The Materiality Of Trade On Virginia's Seventeenth Century Eastern Siouan Frontier, Madeleine Ailsworth Gunter
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Honoring The Ancestors: Historical Reclamation And Self-Determined Identities In Richmond And Rio De Janeiro, Autumn Rain Duke Barrett
Honoring The Ancestors: Historical Reclamation And Self-Determined Identities In Richmond And Rio De Janeiro, Autumn Rain Duke Barrett
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This dissertation focuses on how history is made meaningful in the present. I argue that within the United States and Brazil, historic narratives and sites are employed in legitimizing and contesting past and contemporary social inequity. National, regional, and local narratives tell the stories of how communities and their members came to be who and where they are in the present. Social hierarchies and inequity are naturalized and/or questioned through historic narratives. Formative education includes telling these stories to children. Commemorative events and monuments tell and re-tell stories to community members of all ages. Enculturation of historical identities, the positioning …
Plough Deep While Sluggards Sleep; And You Shall Have Corn To Sell And To Keep: An Analysis Of Plow Ownership In Eighteenth Century York County Virginia, Zachary John Waske
Plough Deep While Sluggards Sleep; And You Shall Have Corn To Sell And To Keep: An Analysis Of Plow Ownership In Eighteenth Century York County Virginia, Zachary John Waske
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Dwelling In Space Through Knowledge Of Place: Building On Epistemological Understandings Of The Seventeenth-Century British Atlantic, Hayden Frith Bassett
Dwelling In Space Through Knowledge Of Place: Building On Epistemological Understandings Of The Seventeenth-Century British Atlantic, Hayden Frith Bassett
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
From Kaolin To Claymount: Landscapes Of The 19th-Century James River Stoneware Industry, Oliver Maximilian Mueller-Heubach
From Kaolin To Claymount: Landscapes Of The 19th-Century James River Stoneware Industry, Oliver Maximilian Mueller-Heubach
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
This dissertation will examine the James River stoneware tradition, which encompasses parts of Henrico, Dinwiddie, Prince George, and Charles City Counties, south and east of the Falls of the James at Richmond, Virginia. This area has one of the richest histories in American ceramics. The essential elements of stoneware production will be examined. This dissertation will provide the only comprehensive overview of this regional industry with in depth descriptions of the relevant potteries, potting families and their environment. Detailed description of ceramic forms and decorations specific to individual potters will be provided. The archaeological research done at the potting sites, …
Community Building After Emancipation: An Anthropological Study Of Charles' Corner, Virginia, 1862-1922, Shannon Sheila Mahoney
Community Building After Emancipation: An Anthropological Study Of Charles' Corner, Virginia, 1862-1922, Shannon Sheila Mahoney
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The half-century marked by the end of the Civil War and the beginning of World War I was a critical period of cultural, social, and economic transition for African Americans in the southern United States. During the late nineteenth century, while African Americans were rebuilding communities and networks disrupted by enslavement and the ensuing Civil War, several settlements developed between Williamsburg and Yorktown on Virginia's lower peninsula. One of the settlements, Charles' Corner, is an optimal case study for understanding the gradual process of community building during a particularly challenging period of African American history dominated by systemic racism and …