Anthropology Commons^™

Ritual Kinship In An Urban Setting: Martineztown, New Mexico, Maria Girard Vincent

Anthropology ETDs

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the nature of the godparenthood institution among Spanish-Americans living in Martineztown, an urban area of Albuquerque, New Mexico. Two considerations prompted the selection of this research problem: (1) There is a dearth of historical and contemporary data on ritual kinship in New Mexico, and (2) relatively little is known about the form and function of the godparenthood institution in an urban area. The major objectives of this study are to discover whether or not ritual relationships are of functional utility among the Spanish-Americans residing in this community and to determine …

The Hallucinogens Of Meso-American: An Ethnohistorical Survey, Rosemary B. Mudd

Anthropology ETDs

This study describes and analyzes the patterns of usage associated with the hallucinogenic plants of Meso-America prior to the conquest and during the colonial period. Although distinctive features of the utilization of specific hallucinogens are noted, primary emphasis is placed on the use of the plants in general. Both continuities and changes from the pre-conquest and colonial periods to the present are indicated by the study. Separate descriptions of each hallucinogen or group of hallucinogens based principally on data in colonial sources are presented as essential to the analysis. The specific plants discussed include the hallucinogenic mushrooms, peyote, the Daturas, …

Jemez Phonology, Constance C. Martin

Anthropology ETDs

The Jemez language is spoken at Jemez Pueblo, located in Sandoval County, approximately 40 miles northwest of Albuquerque, New Mexico. It is affiliated with the Tanoan stock and is the only extant form of the Towa branch. A closely related language was formerly spoken at Pecos Pueblo, prior to its abandonment in 1838. There are about 1100 people living at Jemez Pueblo at the present time. Most of the younger people are bilingual, with English as a second language. Older speakers are trilingual, speaking Spanish as well. There are also some aged inhabitants who speak only Jemez.

This analysis of …

Late Pleistocene Upper Paleolithic Relationships Between The New World And Eastern Siberia, William D. Womsley

Anthropology ETDs

The purpose of this paper is threefold. First, to present a general description of Asian and North American Pleistocene glaciation, the Bering Strait land bridge hypothesis, and postulated Ancient-Man migration routes. Second, to make descriptions and comparisons of Upper Paleolithic tool assemblages for the purpose of determining what relationships may exist between Eastern Siberia, Alaska, and the temporate zones of North America. Third, to use data as the basis of an historical reconstruction of the peopling of North America as well as for the description of the cultural dynamics involved.

A Survey Of Pueblo Ii Archaeology, Stanley Dowlen Bussey

Anthropology ETDs

In the summer of 1962, the Laboratory of Anthropology of the Museum of New Mexico excavated twenty-three prehistoric sites on the right-of-way of a new highway, U. S. Interstate 40. The sites, located just south of the present U. S. Highway 66 from Bluewater, N. M., to the Fort Wingate ordinance depot, east of Gallup, N. M., appeared to be of Pueblo II Providence, as that culture period is broadly known. Analysis of the sites in terms of the overall Pueblo II pattern throughout the Anasazi southwest is made difficult by the lack of detailed consideration of the period. Generalized …

Comparative Mexican Penutian: Huave, Zoque, And Popoluca, Clark A. Davis

Anthropology ETDs

This thesis is an attempt to define more closely the linguistic position of the Huave language of Mexico within the total framework of American Indian Languages. More specifically, it attempts the examine the evidence for a genetic relationship between Huave and the already well-established Zoquean of Zoque-Mixe group of languages in southern Mexico.

Role Change And Cultural Change: The Canyoncito Navaho Case, Ronald J. Kurtz

Anthropology ETDs

This dissertation is concerned with cultural change among the Navaho Indians who have occupied the area around Mount Taylor and the Cebolleta Mountains in New Mexico from the sixteenth century to the present time. This group, variously called the "Canyoncito Navaho," the "Enemy Navaho," "Sandoval's Band," the "Cebolleta Navaho," and the "Mount Taylor Navaho" in the literature, will be referred to as the Canyoncito Navaho in this report. This designation, although first applied in the twentieth century, is employed, for convenience, for the whole of this people's history. Today, the name refers to the Navaho residents of the Canyoncito Navaho …

The Social Structure Of The Hill Juang, Charles Walter Mcdougal

Anthropology ETDs

This is a study of the Hill Juang, a tribe of shifting cultivators in Orissa, India. It is based on fifteen months of field research in Keonjhar District, Orissa, in 1960-62, made possible by a Predoctoral Research Training Fellowship awarded by the Social Science Research Council, New York.

A Description And Classification Of Siriono, A Tupi-Guarani Language, Homer L. Firestone

Anthropology ETDs

The corpus of published material on Sirionó linguistics is small. Anselmo Schermair, a Franciscan missionary, was the first to publish a study of the Sirionó language. This work is primarily a vocabulary, with a few notes on the consonants and vowels. The words are placed in four classes: substantives, verbs, adjectives and adverbs, without any criteria being offered for the classification. A recent publication on Sirionó is that of Perry and Anne Priest and Joseph Grimes in which they discuss a specific problem of simultaneous ordering of certain syntactic and morphemic items--discussed in terms of "spans" and morphemic alterations involved …

An Examination Of The Concept Of Flexibility As A Tool For The Analysis Of Social Systems, Elizabeth Jane Lapovsky

Anthropology ETDs

It is the purpose of this thesis to delineate the concept of flexibility as a tool for the analysis of non-literate social systems. Despite the frequent use of the descriptive term "flexible" in discussion of ethnographic case materials, the potential analytic significance of the concept has not been examined systematically. The initial portion of the thesis is concerned with an examination of the term "flexibility" in various contexts of ethnographic usage. In all cases it is found to refer to a system characterized by the feature of optional or alternative possibilities for interpersonal or group relationships. It is hypothesized that …

The Physical Anthropology Of Pottery Mound: A Pueblo Iv Site In West Central New Mexico, Russell Lowell Gordon Schorsch

Anthropology ETDs

The thesis presents the anthropometric data on 110 skeletons obtained by the University of New Mexico from Pueblo IV site of Pottery Mound. The measurements include 27 dimensions and 11 indices of the skull, face, and long bones of all or part of the 49 individuals. Observations on pathologist of the bones and teeth are also discussed. These data are compared with similar material from the Pueblo IV sites of Paako, Pecos, and Hawikuh. The Pottery Mound materials, although of a general Southwestern physical type, are somewhat divergent from other Pueblo IV groups.Several possible causes for the divergencies are postulated, …

The Sun Dance Of The Shoshone-Bannock: A Study In Integration, William W. Gerritsen

Anthropology ETDs

The Sun Dance of the Plains appeared in Idaho late in the nineteenth century. Fort Hall Shoshone had borrowed this complex rite from kinsmen in Wyoming. In spite of its foreign origin and somewhat alien spirit, the Sun Dance was enthusiastically received and soon overshadowed all other ceremonies. It now constitutes the paramount expression of tribal religion.

The Glaze Paint Ceramics Of Pottery Mound, New Mexico, Charles B. Voll

Anthropology ETDs

This thesis is concerned with the problem of Pueblo IV glaze-paint ceramics at the Pottery Mound Ruin.

A History Of Basketry Technology In The Pueblo Area, John R. Mitchell

Anthropology ETDs

Areas with extensive evidence of basketry are the Near East, Europe, Peru, and the American Greater Southwest. In the Greater Southwest the basketry evidence dates back to 7000 B.C. The most detailed inventory of basketry within this area comes from the Pueblo domain.

Grammatical Structure Of Santa Ana Keresan, Irvine Davis

Anthropology ETDs

Data for this paper were gathered at intervals from the fall of 1934 through the winter of 1959-60. While a number of informants, including some from each of the seven Keresan-speaking Pueblos, were used during the earlier stages of investigation, the final analysis is based on material obtained from one informant. He is a man now in his late forties who was born and raised at Santa Ana. In the early years of his life he spoke only Santa Ana Keresan, but he now speaks English with a fair degree of fluency, having attended a United States Indian school, served …

Mistassini Hunting Groups And Hunting Territories, Edward S. Rogers

Anthropology ETDs

During the last thirty years, anthropologists who have studied native groups in northeastern North America have been concerned with the problems of the hunting territory system. The results of their work have led to two major contrasting view regarding the origin of hunting groups and hunting territories. It seems worthwhile to re-examine this problem on the basis of new data, with the hope of clarifying the conflicting interpretations.

Santa Ana Phonology, Irvine Davis

Anthropology ETDs

The seven Keresan-speaking Pueblos of north-central New Mexico with their present population of some 8,000 persons have long been in contact with Spanish and Anglo-American Cultures. Despite centuries of contact, the language of these Pueblos, like many other aspects of their culture, today remains comparatively intact and shows little evidence of soon dying out. Linguistically, however, Keresan continues to be little known, both as to its structure and its relationship to other languages.

Implications Of Pueblo Ruins As Plant Habitats, Richard A. Yarnell

Anthropology ETDs

It is a common observation that vegetation on sites of early human habitation is distinctive from that occurring normally in the vicinity. However, little has been done to determine whether these differences exist in patterns of distribution dependent upon human habitation. The identification of the species involved also presents the problem of determination of the reasons for these differences.

Walapai Culture-History, Robert Clark Euler

Anthropology ETDs

The Walapai Indians, an upland Arizona Yuman--speaking tribe, in historic times lived in northwestern Arizona. Their territory extended from the Colorado River on the North and West, to the Bill Williams Fork-Santa Maria River on the south, and the Cataract Creek drainage on the east. This same region, prehistorically, was occupied by the Cerbat Branch, a group included by archaeologists within the Patayan Root. Archaeologists, solely from surface surveys, have suggested a history of the Cerbat from about 700 to 1150 A.D. After that date no cultural data for the area were known until 1776, when the Franciscan Father Garces …

An Ethnological Study Of Tortugas, New Mexico, Alan James Oppenheimer

Anthropology ETDs

The village of Tortugas is located in the Mesilla valley of Doña Ana county, New Mexico, near the Texas and Chihuahua, Mexico boundaries. Three and a half miles north is Las Cruces, the Doña Ana county seat, a city of about thirteen thousand five hundred people. Tortugas is bounded on the north by Mesilla Park and by State College, where the New Mexico College of Agricultural and Mechanical Arts is located. El Paso, Texas, and Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua lie forty miles to the south. U.S. Highway 65 passes one­quarter mile west of the village. Although originally built on the Rio …

Echo-Reactions In Arctic Hysteria And Latah, Helen Carpenter

Anthropology ETDs

Echo-reactions are imitative behavior involving the automatic, involuntary repetition of words or sounds heard (echolalia), or of actions or movements seen (echopraxia). Echo-reactions have been reported as symptoms of several forms of mental disorders and pathological conditions in contemporary Europe and the United States, but they are very rare. However, automatic, imitative behavior has been reported to occur frequently as a manifestation of arctic hysteria and latah, two mental disorders of non-literate societies.

The Interrelationship Of Economics, Class And Leadership On The Northwest Coast, Morton J. Sloane

Anthropology ETDs

A diversity of opinion exists concerning the concept of class stratification. Various writers in the social sciences have defined class in specific terms, but the criteria each writer has used as a basis for definition, have varied from author to author. Some have depicted class primarily in terms of existing economic conditions, others have stressed political or social factors, and in certain instances biological factors as determinants of class differentiation.

An Approach To The Study Of Cultural Integration, Ronald J. Kurtz

Anthropology ETDs

The problem of this thesis is to define certain characteristics of cultural integration (1) to survey some of the anthropological sources which discuss the problem of cultural integration; (2) to provide a framework of theory and method for analyzing cultural systems; and (3) to test this framework by applying it to a sample of empirical cultural data.

A Revision Of The Distribution Of Armor In Native North America, Norman D. Thomas

Anthropology ETDs

In this paper only the most obvious and more easily distinguished categories of North American armor are described, all of which have been recognized by previous authors. These armor categories are plate armor, slat armor, rod armor, hide armor of both tunic and short jacket types, and curtain shields...

The format of the text to come will consist first of a brief presentation of the present status of the problem by critically reviewing the work of previous investigators on this subject. Following this will appear a statement concerning the sources of data for this particular study, method of procedure, and …

Cuyamungué Pueblo, Roscoe Wilmeth

Anthropology ETDs

This thesis represents an attempt to report the results of an archaeological excavation from the standpoint of the general anthropologist, to give as complete a picture as possible of the life and culture of the people who occupied an early historic Upper Rio Grande pueblo.

The Significance Of Fluted Points In North American Archaeology, William B. Roosa

Anthropology ETDs

Since publication of the first report on the Folsom site in 1927 much has been written on the subject of Folsom and other fluted points. There is, however, no current synthetic of information on fluted points. This paper is an attempt to synthesize the existing data on this subject. An effort will be made to show the significance of fluted points and their place in North American archaeology. Previous efforts dealing with this subject will be discussed with emphasis on terminology used, typologies established, and distribution studies made. Criteria for establishing types of fluted points with be discussed. Published and …

Language And Non-Linguistic Behavior: An Experimental Investigation, Howard S. Maclay

Anthropology ETDs

The purpose of the investigation is twofold: to test experimentally the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis that non-linguistic behavior is conditioned by the nature of the language spoken; and to provide information on the use of experimental methods in cross-cultural studies.

Pottery Of The Mesa Verde And The Pueblo Area North Of The San Juan, Leland J. Abel

Anthropology ETDs

The Mesa Verde is a pinyon-and juniper-covered plateau about 180 square miles in area, located north of the San Juan River in southwestern Colorado. The Plateau ranges in elevation between 6,500 and 8,500 feet, sloping gently from north to south with its surface eroded into a number of deep, sandstone-walled canyons. Within these canyons lies one of the greatest concentrations of cliff dwellings in the Southwest.

An Approach To The Study Of Non-Literate Law In Three North American Societies, Elizabeth C. Funk

Anthropology ETDs

Attempts to clarify the problem of law among non-literate peoples has been largely one of isolating with accuracy its distinguishing characteristics. Non-literate law is not written down or codified. Often, it is not sustained by any formal police force, and courts are lacking. Legislation, in the proper sense of the term, may be an attribute of developed legal systems only. A further difficulty is fostered by the fact that in any examination of law among peoples of other cultures, the investigator is hampered by concepts of legality derived from too close acquaintance with his own legal system. Social control of …

A Re-Evaluation Of The San Juan Basket Maker Culture And Possible Relationships To Non-Ceramic Group, Charles H. Mcnutt

Anthropology ETDs

During the past few years of study, several of the many problems of Southwestern archeology have come to my attention. That which seems perhaps more interesting then any other concerns the early Anasazi horizons which are variously described as "the Basket Makers," "Basket Maker II and III,” and "the Basket Maker culture." For this reason there is here submitted a discussion of the general Basket Maker concepts.