Anthropology Commons^™

Tubes And Androgyny: Comment On "Thinking Through Tubes", Françoise Barbira Freedman

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

In this comment on Stephen Hugh-Jones’s "Thinking Through Tubes" Françoise Barbira Freedman offers a feminist meditation on the semiotics of androgyny in Northwest Amazonian shamanism, ritual life and mythology. By focusing on processes of detotalization and retotalization that move beings from an androgynous state to a single-sex identity and back again, Barbira Freedman reveals a dynamic "one sex, two genders model of androgyny" that could not be further from a concept of androgyny as blurred gender. These movements in and out of a one sex state are largely the preserve of men so that androgynous features of the cosmos are …

Resoluciones Del Debate Especial Sobre Los Derechos Y La Protección De Los Pueblos Indígenas En Aislamiento, Participantes En El Panel De Debate Especial

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

This contribution represents the consensus arrived at in a dialog between researchers, academics, activists, public officials, and indigenous representatives on the topic of voluntarily isolated peoples that took place over several days at the SALSA meeting in Lima in July 2017. The group’s consensus conclusions with respect to recommended state policy and civil society actions are presented.

Povos Indígenas Em Isolamento E Contato Inicial Na Amazonia: As Armadilhas Do Desenvolvimento, Antenor Vaz

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

A partir da experiência como consultor independente, atuando no Brasil como funcionário da Funai e em outros países da América do Sul, o autor apresenta um panorama da situação dos povos indígenas em isolamento na Pan Amazônia e a relação das políticas públicas de proteção com a política regional de desenvolvimento.

Based on experience as a Funai employee and as an independent consultant in Brazil and several other countries of Latin America, the author presents an overview of the situation of isolated indigenous peoples across Amazonia and the relationship between governmental protection policies and regional development plans.

A partir de …

Una Víctima Del Encuentro Emergente Entre Mundos, Minna Opas, Yulissa Trigoso Zorrilla

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

En febrero de 2018, Víctor Zorrilla, un hombre Yine de mayor edad que vive en el sudeste de Perú, fue asesinado por los mashco piro mientras estaba cazando. Zorrilla se había encontrado con los mashco piro, los que consideraba como parientes, nomolene, varias veces durante décadas, pero eso no le impidió llegar a ser víctima de un emergente encuentro entre mundos. A través de un relato personal de sus encuentros con los mashco piro en la década de 1980, este artículo plantea y examina varias cuestiones focales relacionadas con el aislamiento voluntario. ¿Cómo se puede adquirir conocimiento sobre los …

Molas: Dress, Identity, Culture By Diana Marks, University Of New Mexico Press, 2016. 288 Pp., Notes, References, Index., Mònica Martínez Mauri

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

No abstract provided.

Engendering Houses: The Topological Conception Of Gender Pioneered By Stephen And Christine Hugh-Jones, Klaus Hamberger

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Stephen and Christine Hugh-Jones were the first anthropologists not only to demonstrate that the gender value of places and directions depends on the frame of reference and the point of view but to turn this insight into a fruitful principle on which to base transformational analysis. By analyzing the metamorphoses of gender brought about by changes of perspective or scale, they have brought to light the spatial character of the gender concept. As their examinations of Barasana architecture, ritual performance, and domestic work have shown, the relativity of gender is at its core an aspect of the relativity of space. …

Cosmology And Practice In Amazonia: The Inspiring Career Of Stephen Hugh-Jones, Chloe Nahum-Claudel, Olivier Allard

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Stephen Hugh-Jones’s ethnographic and collaborative engagement with the peoples of the Pirá-Paraná and, more widely, the Vaupés and Upper Rio Negro today spans 50 years. In this Introduction we chart the evolution of Hugh-Jones’s hybrid identity as iconoclast scholar, knowledgeable elder, and long-term collaborator. A biographical sketch identifies phases in this anthropological life: that of the ethnographer and initiate, steeped in the intellectual world of Barasana shaman-priests; that of lecturer and theorist in anthropology; and that of areal specialist, developing a synthesis of the ethnography of North West Amazonia through an engagement with Brazilian and indigenous intellectuals. We characterize the …

The Shuar Writing Boom: Cultural Experts And The Creation Of A "Scholarly Tradition", Natalia Buitron, Grégory Deshoulliere

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

In dialogue with Stephen Hugh-Jones’s work on Tukanoan writing, this article analyzes the boom in patrimonial writing among Chicham (Jivaroan)-speaking Shuar people. Patrimonial writing foregrounds collective identity and understandings of culture as group property common to the Tukanoan speakers of the Upper Rio Negro but foreign to the pre-missionized Shuar. We argue that the Shuar interest in patrimonial writing can be explained through the history of missionization and the recent shift to intercultural exchange within the plurinational project of state-building spearheaded by the indigenous movement. By analyzing the wider context of knowledge production and the forms of knowledge Shuar scholars …

A Story Of Two Videos Plus Coda: Perspectives On "Contact" In Western Amazonia, Giancarlo Rolando

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

In 2014, the Xinane people of Brazilian Amazonia made international news after two videos showing scenes of their “first contact” were uploaded to the internet. This paper explores the ways in which different audiences reacted to news about this “first contact.” Local Peruvian and Brazilian settlers, the international public, and the Mastanawa, a people culturally proximate to the Xinane, had different readings of this event and expressed opposing views concerning what actions should have been taken following the events depicted in the videos. These differences in opinion are telling of the different ways in which each group thinks of “isolated …

Singularity On The Margins: Autobiographical Writings Among The Shuar Of Ecuadorian Amazonia, Grégory Deshoulliere, Natalia Buitron

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Inspired by Stephen Hugh-Jones’s suggestion of a fit between Tukanoan writing genres and their sociocultural systems, in this article we explore Shuar autobiographical writings in light of Chicham (Jivaroan) individualism. By exploring first-person—nonpatrimonial—texts that have received much less attention in the regional literature, the article contributes to theorizing a different way of transmitting tradition:one focused on individual praxis rather than on collective patrimony. Through the analysis of three autobiographical texts, we show how their authors appropriate writing to construct singularity, or distinct “paths of individuation”: the personal story of resistance of a school teacher, the exemplary life course of a …

La Política Pública De No Contacto De Los Pueblos Indígenas En Aislamiento Y Contacto Inicial, Carlos Antonio Martin Soria Dall'orso

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Esta articulo revisa la evolución de la legislación amazónica para la protección de los Pueblos Indígenas en Aislamiento y Contacto Inicial (en adelante PIACI) a través de una mirada al derecho comparado amazónico. Luego se propone cual es la situación territorial de los PIACI en varios países amazónicos, para entender que estos pueblos habitan paisajes complejos de derechos otorgados a ellos pero, a veces también al Estado y a terceros. A continuación se reflexiona sobre la propuesta de reconocer Corredores de Protección PIACI como una propuesta que permite integrar varias áreas de protección PIACI que son colindantes para así a …

A Brief Comment On Hugh-Jones's "The Origin Of Night And The Dance Of Time", Geraldo Andrello

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

In this comment on Hugh-Jones’s article "The Origin of Night," Geraldo Andrello argues that the politics of myth narrations and ritual performances are enacted through the regulation of temporality and explains why it is that all-important status distinctions are brought into existence through the retelling of permutations of the Origin of Night myth.

Maloca-Escola: Transformations Of The Tukanoan House, Melissa S. Oliveira

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

This paper aims to demonstrate how, by combining the foundation of an indigenous school with the construction of a longhouse (maloca), the Tukano indigenous association of the Hausirõ and Ñahuri Porã clans, Middle Tiquié river, produces social relations proper to Tukanoan House societies as described by Hugh-Jones (1991, 1993). Through "indigenous research" and the celebrations that mark the school calendar, internal subdivisions of clan, hierarchy, age and gender are marked in space, while, at the same time, this new space allows for interdependence and articulation with other indigenous groups and outsiders (especially NGO professionals, scientists and politicians). In …

The Origin Of Night And The Dance Of Time: Ritual And Material Culture In Northwest Amazonia, Stephen P. Hugh-Jones

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Based on a survey of published material complemented by original fieldwork, this paper shows that Northwest Amazonian Arawakan, Tukanoan and Makuan stories of the Origin of Night form parts of a single, more inclusive myth about the sequential creation of earth, trees, house-frames, roofing leaves, night, song and dance. Here a box of feather ornaments plays a central role as the container of both roofing leaves and night with leaves as feathers, the ornaments of the house-as-person. When placed on the house-frame as thatch, these ornament-leaves shut out the light causing "night." The feather box, a container of bright yellow …

Yine Manxinerune Hosha Hajene E A Territorialidade Na Terra Indígena Mamoadate, Brasil: O Poder Das Memórias, Lucas Artur Brasil Manchineri, Pirjo Kristiina Virtanen, Maria Luiza Ochoa

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Este artigo discute a territorialidade dos Yine Manxinerune Hosha Hajene (os Mashco Piro), um grupo em isolamento voluntário, estabelecida na Terra Indígena Mamoadate, estado do Acre/Brasil, a partir da governança dos Manxineru. As práticas de diferentes atores, como governo, organizações não-governamentais, corporações e comunidades indígenas são considerados em conjunto para situar e discutir a mobilização dos Manxineru na criação de um novo espaço para os Yine Manxinerune Hosha Hajene. Propomos que as escolhas políticas dos Manxineru, em relação à presença dos Yine Manxinerune Hosha Hajene, são baseadas fundamentalmente na sua memória do contato com não-indígenas.

This article discusses the …

Miradas Del Aislamiento Y Del Contacto: Una Crónica Sobre Los Llamados Mashco Piro, Luis Felipe Torres Espinoza

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Este artículo presenta una breve crónica sobre la historia y el presente del pueblo indígena denominado mashco piro, considerado en situación de “aislamiento” por los gobiernos de Perú y Brasil. Además de considerar las amenazas externas que existen sobre sus territorios y sus modos de vida, se propone tomar en cuenta la agencia de los mashco piro al lidiar con este contexto. En este sentido, se plantea recurrir al conocimiento etnológico producido sobre aspectos clave de las sociedades indígenas de la Amazonia (como la guerra, el intercambio y el parentesco), para un entendimiento más completo de su forma de …

Nós Indígenas Precisamos Ser Ouvidos Diretamente E Ser Reparados Das Violações Que Sofremos, Make Turu

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Este artigode opiniãoé a transcrição dos comentários de Make Turu, liderança Matis, feitos na SALSAXI Sesquiannual Conference, em Lima. Make Turu cobra a participação e o protagonismoefetivodo movimento indígena nos processos de contato e de proteção do Vale do Javari, bem comoexige reparação das violaçõescometidas contra os Matis, diretamenteou por omissões,pelo Estadobrasileiroatravés da Funai, tanto no período do pós-contato quanto com relação às recentesviolações que levaram ao conflito com os Koruboe a posterior criminalização dos Matis.

Este artículo de opinión es la transcripción de los comentarios de Make Turu, lider indígena Matis, hechos en la XI Conferencia del SALSA, en …

Muslim Victimization In The Contemporary Us: Clarifying The Racialization Thesis, Sarah Beth Kaufman, Hanna Niner

Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research

This article draws on in-depth, qualitative interviews with Muslim and non-Muslim Americans in 2016 to specify how Muslim “racialization” is shaped by the racial politics of the United States (US). Anti-Muslim bias is not experienced by religious Muslims as a whole, but by people whose bodies are read to be affiliated with the Islamic religion—often erroneously—because of their perceived racial characteristics. Self-identified black, white, and Hispanic Muslims with no visible markers of their religion do not experience anti-Muslim harassment, while non-Muslim Christians, Hindus, and Sikhs who embody an imagined “Muslim look,” cope with fear and aggression from strangers on a …

Sa Climate Ready: A Pathway For Climate Action & Adaptation, Sa Climate Ready, Alfred Montoya

Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research

San Antonio is one of the fasted growing cities in the nation. Every day, we are working to plan for and accommodate the estimated one million additional residents that will arrive in San Antonio by 2040. In much the same way, it’s our collective responsibility to prepare for a future that is projected to have hotter temperatures, longer droughts and more intense rain events, as a result of our changing climate. That is why working with the City Council, one of my first acts as your Mayor was to sign the Paris Climate Agreement.

Throughout the SA Climate Ready process, …

The Criminalization Of Muslims In The United States, 2016, Sarah Beth Kaufman

Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research

The criminalization of Muslims—framing an Islamic religious identity as a problem to be solved using state crime control logic—is undeniably in process in the United States. Local, state, and federal statutes target Muslims for surveillance and exclusion, and media sources depict Muslims as synonymous with terrorism, as others have shown. This paper analyzes the public’s role in the criminalization of Islam, which I call “cr-Islamization.” Drawing on in-depth, qualitative interviews in a major Southwest city during the lead-up to the 2016 presidential election, I detail how the majority of 144 politically, racially, and economically diverse interviewees talk about Muslims as …

Resistance Beyond The Frontier: Concepts And Policies For The Protection Of Isolated Indigenous Peoples Of The Amazon, Minna Opas, Luis Felipe Torres, Felipe Milanez, Glenn Shepard Jr.

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

No abstract provided.

"Who Are These Wild Indians": On The Foreign Policies Of Some Voluntarily Isolated Peoples In Amazonia, Peter Gow

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

This paper is a reflection on the phenomenon of voluntary isolation in Amazonia, about anthropology’s implication in its formation as a concept, and what anthropologists might profitably say about it as a concrete phenomenon in the world. While knowledge based on ethnographic fieldwork might by minimal or even totally absent for people in voluntary isolation, anthropological research has produced a very impressive understanding of indigenous Amazonian social forms in general, knowledge that can be brought to bear on the question.

O Papel Dos Povos Indígenas Isolados Na Efetivação De Seus Direitos: Apontamentos Para O Reconhecimento De Suas Estratégias De Vida, Fabrício Amorim

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Este artigo discute conceitos e apresenta reflexões sobre questões relacionadas aos povos indígenas isolados no Brasil a partir de trajetória profissional do autor junto à temática. Aborda diferentes temas relacionados aos povos isolados, tal como “vulnerabilidade,” “isolamento voluntário” e “políticas públicas,” com o objetivo de informar e descontruir equívocos que a sociedade em geral possui sobre esses temas. Argumenta que os povos isolados são coletivos ativos na construção e garantia de direitos indígenas por meio de processos de resistência, e que suas estratégias de isolamento devem ser reconhecidas como expressão máxima de sua autonomia.

This article presents a series of …

Sobre La Antropología Amazónica (Amazonista) En El Perú: Comentarios Al Texto De Jean-Pierre Chaumeil, Oscar Espinosa

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Commentary on the Opening Lecture, “A Window into Twenty Years of Amazonianist Anthropology in Peru (1997–2017)” proffered by Jean-Pierre Chaumeil at the XI Salsa conference and featured in the previous volume of Tipití (15:105–117).

Werken By Bernardo Oyarzún (Mapuche), Ana Guevara, Sophie Moiroux

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

No abstract provided.

Good Reasons Or Bad Conscience: A Postscript, Stephen P. Hugh-Jones

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Published in French in 1996, the original article for which this comprises a post-script set indigenous Amazonians’ attitudes to meat alongside those of Euro-Americans. With the accelerating deforestation of Amazonia linked with the cultivation of soya used to feed animals for meat, and with calls to reduce or abandon meat consumption as one way of averting catastrophic climate change, it is topical once again. In this postscript, I reply to two contrasting critiques of the article, the first wary of an excess of ontology, the second distrustful of a deficit of it. Does a focus on ritual and shamanism obscure …

Terras Compartilhadas Por Povos Indígenas Isolados E Contatados: O Alto Rio Envira Como Estudo De Caso, José Carlos Meirelles

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Este artigo aborda as relações que povos indígenas isolados mantém entre si e com os povos contatados, assim como as comunidades não-indígenas, e defende a importância do monitoramento destes povos visando sua proteção. As reflexões, as experiências e os fatos empíricos que são relatados neste artigo partem da trajetória de trabalho do autor ao longo da carreira de 40 anos como sertanista da Funai, pioneiro na construção de base de proteção a povos indígenas em isolamento na fronteira do Brasil com o Peru, assim como na própria concepção do sistema de proteção aos isolados.

This article discusses the relationships that …

Death In Life And Life In Death: Forms And Fates Of The Human, Connor Graham, Alfred Montoya

Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research

This chapter traces the origins, meanings and characteristics of “the human” in recent time – its forms. The chapter contends that, instead of being immutable, “the human” has taken different forms, been ascribed different meanings, and exhibited different characteristics over time. Our approach to “the human” contributes to this volume on digital existence, which confronts existential questions centered on being and technology, with historical and anthropological awareness. We aim to show, through Foucault’s (1971 ) insistence upon the forms of subjectivity as opposed to its substance, how understandings of “the human” are subject to change and transformation. Exploring these diverse …

The Force Of Absent Things: Hiv/Aids, Pepfar Vietnam, And The Afterlife Of Aid, Alfred Montoya

Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research

This article examines emerging strategies employed by nongovernmental organizations working in HIV/AIDS prevention and control in Vietnam that have been put to work in the recent past in the context of precipitous declines in US funding for such work through the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). These strategies foreground specific personalities in an instrumentalization of experience, expert knowledges, and identity in a delicate balance between projecting strength and indicating urgent need. These strategies are played out in the realm of social media, facilitated through information communications technologies (ICTs) that are quickly restructuring forms of sociality and the tradecraft …

Networked Human, Network’S Human: Humans In Networks Inter-Asia, E. Kerr, Connor Graham, Alfred Montoya

Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research

This special issue explores the conceptions of the human that emerge out of the form and the design of information and communications technologies (ICTs). Geographically, our focus compares two countries with a relatively high level of ICT penetration—South Korea and Singapore—and two countries with a relatively low level—India and Vietnam. In each country we see how different forms of the human emerge, in part out of the ways in which technological infrastructure develop and intertwine with social order. In this introduction we reflect on the long genealogy of “human” and “humanity” and the more recent history of ICTs in Asia.