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Articles 1 - 30 of 56
Full-Text Articles in Anthropology
Introduction To The Special Issue On Secrecy And Technologies, Clare Stevens, Sam Forsythe
Introduction To The Special Issue On Secrecy And Technologies, Clare Stevens, Sam Forsythe
Secrecy and Society
Many scholars have treated the inscrutability of technologies, secrecy, and other unknowns as moral and ethical challenges that can be resolved through transparency and openness. This paper, and the special issue it introduces, instead wants to explore how we can understand the productive, strategic but also emancipatory potential of secrecy and ignorance in the development of security and technologies. This paper argues that rather than just being mediums or passive substrates, technologies are making a difference to how secrecy, disclosure, and transparency work. This special issue will show how technologies and time mediate secrecy and disclosure, and vice versa. This …
Negotiating Transportation Insecurity: Local Responses And Coping Strategies In San José, Ca, Andrew Ng, Melissa Beresford
Negotiating Transportation Insecurity: Local Responses And Coping Strategies In San José, Ca, Andrew Ng, Melissa Beresford
Mineta Transportation Institute
People rely on transportation every day to access food, work, and social activities. Transportation insecurity—the lack of regular access to adequate transportation—can therefore cause significant disruptions to livelihoods. Understanding how people experience transportation insecurity in metropolitan areas may contribute to building better transportation systems and help formulate ways to alleviate persistent and underlying transportation issues. In this study, the researchers interviewed San José residents who experience transportation insecurity to better understand their experiences and identify the major ways that they cope with lack of adequate transportation. The researchers then used inductive techniques for thematic text analysis to identify patterns major …
Who Put The Super In Superhero? Transformation And Heroism As A Function Of Evolution, Susan Ross
Who Put The Super In Superhero? Transformation And Heroism As A Function Of Evolution, Susan Ross
Faculty Publications
Transformation and heroism are reciprocally related. Transformation produces an individual that others may call hero; one who inspires, guides, and protects something precious—an ordinary extraordinary person, master of the self. Heroes exhibit the further reaches of human development by transforming into entirely new, resplendent individuals that demonstrate valuable capacities whiles still being mortal. Because transformation is the means through which heroes are made, a more thorough understanding of the forces affecting transformation may advance collective understanding of the demands upon the individual. Founded on the scholarship of seminal authors of depth psychology, East Indian spirituality, anthropology, physics, mythology, Hermetic science, …
Collaboration And Research Practice In Intelligence, Minna Räsänen
Collaboration And Research Practice In Intelligence, Minna Räsänen
Secrecy and Society
Close, intensive research collaboration between universities, companies, and the public sector can open up new and different opportunities for qualitative research, and provide analytic and empirical insights that otherwise might be difficult to obtain. The aim of this paper is to explore collaboration as a means of doing research with the intelligence community. Experiences from a research project concerning dilemmas the practitioners face in their organization within the Swedish Armed Forces, serve as a starting point for this reflective discussion. It is argued here that collaboration is suitable when change is required. The mutual learning between the actors feeds into …
Troping The Enemy: Metaphor, Culture, And The Big Data Black Boxes Of National Security, Robert Albro
Troping The Enemy: Metaphor, Culture, And The Big Data Black Boxes Of National Security, Robert Albro
Secrecy and Society
This article considers how cultural understanding is being brought into the work of the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA), through an analysis of its Metaphor program. It examines the type of social science underwriting this program, unpacks implications of the agency’s conception of metaphor for understanding so-called cultures of interest, and compares IARPA’s to competing accounts of how metaphor works to create cultural meaning. The article highlights some risks posed by key deficits in the Intelligence Community's (IC) approach to culture, which relies on the cognitive linguistic theories of George Lakoff and colleagues. It also explores the problem of …
Saving The Resistance: The Purépechan People Of Northern Mexico, Maranyeli Estrada
Saving The Resistance: The Purépechan People Of Northern Mexico, Maranyeli Estrada
McNair Research Journal SJSU
The indigenous Purépechan people of Mexico have endured a long history of conflict. Throughout their struggles, including those of conquest by the Aztec Empire and the Spanish, and all the historical trauma endured, they have managed to preserve their culture and remain resilient in the face of adversity. By exploring their history, economic system, social and political organization, ideology and religion, we can help preserve what remains of these incredibly strong indigenous people who were among the few indigenous tribes to have resisted the Aztec Empire takeover.
A Tale Of Two Paranoids: A Critical Analysis Of The Use Of The Paranoid Style And Public Secrecy By Donald Trump And Viktor Orbán, Andria Timmer, Joseph Sery, Sean Thomas Connable, Jennifer Billinson
A Tale Of Two Paranoids: A Critical Analysis Of The Use Of The Paranoid Style And Public Secrecy By Donald Trump And Viktor Orbán, Andria Timmer, Joseph Sery, Sean Thomas Connable, Jennifer Billinson
Secrecy and Society
Within the last decade, a rising tide of right-wing populism across the globe has inspired a renewed push toward nationalism. Capitalizing on an increasingly chaotic public sphere, leaders are stoking fear in their constituents such that their radical ideologies and hardline policy decisions may be enacted. This article offers a comparative study of two leaders exploiting the vulnerabilities of their respective citizenries: United States President Donald Trump and Hungarian Prime Minister Victor Orbán. Drawing from and reimagining Richard Hofstadter’s germane essay, “The Paranoid Style in American Politics,” we argue that both represent a new manifestation of the paranoid style as …
Reciprocity And Vernacular Statecraft: Andean Cooperation In Post-Disaster Highland Ecuador, A. J. Faas
Reciprocity And Vernacular Statecraft: Andean Cooperation In Post-Disaster Highland Ecuador, A. J. Faas
Faculty Publications, Anthropology
Cooperative labor parties known throughout the Andes as mingas, although outwardly appearing to be the same cultural institution, are practiced quite differently and with varying meanings in different socioeconomic contexts. This article discusses how minga cooperation came to exhibit contrasting, yet intimately related, patterns of practice and social relationships in both a displaced, disaster-affected village and a disaster-induced resettlement. It describes actors in these groups appealing to ostensibly common repertoires of shared meaning and culture, while organizing themselves in distinct ways in order to access and control scarce resources. In one village, minga participation is largely sustained through traditional …
Review: Dolan, Josephine And Estella Tincknell, Eds. Aging Femininities: Troubling Representations., Carol Mukhopadhyay
Review: Dolan, Josephine And Estella Tincknell, Eds. Aging Femininities: Troubling Representations., Carol Mukhopadhyay
Faculty Publications, Anthropology
A review of Dolan, Josephine and Estella Tincknell, eds. Aging Femininities: Troubling Representations. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 2012. Hardback. ISBN-13: 978-1-4438-3883-2 , ISBN-10: 1-4438-3883-7 , Price: £39.99
Gendered Paths To Formal And Informal Resources In Post-Disaster Development In The Ecuadorian Andes, Albert J. Faas, Eric Jones, Linda Whiteford, Graham Tobin, Arthur Murphy
Gendered Paths To Formal And Informal Resources In Post-Disaster Development In The Ecuadorian Andes, Albert J. Faas, Eric Jones, Linda Whiteford, Graham Tobin, Arthur Murphy
Faculty Publications, Anthropology
The devastating eruptions of Mount Tungurahua in the Ecuadorian highlands in 1999 and 2006 left many communities struggling to rebuild their homes and others permanently displaced to settlements built by state and nongovernmental organizations. For several years afterward, households diversified their economic strategies to compensate for losses, communities organized to promote local development, and the state and nongovernmental organizations sponsored many economic recovery programs in the affected communities. Our study examined the ways in which gender and gender roles were associated with different levels and paths of access to scarce resources in these communities. Specifically, this article contrasts the experiences …
The Role Of Canids In Ritual And Domestic Contexts: New Ancient Dna Insights From Complex Hunter-Gatherer Sites In Prehistoric Central California, Alan M. Leventhal, Brian F. Byrd, Anna Cornellas, Jelmer W. Eerkens, Jeffrey Rosenthal, Tim R. Carpenter, Jennifer A. Leonard
The Role Of Canids In Ritual And Domestic Contexts: New Ancient Dna Insights From Complex Hunter-Gatherer Sites In Prehistoric Central California, Alan M. Leventhal, Brian F. Byrd, Anna Cornellas, Jelmer W. Eerkens, Jeffrey Rosenthal, Tim R. Carpenter, Jennifer A. Leonard
Faculty Publications, Anthropology
This study explores the interrelationship between the genus Canis and hunter–gatherers through a case study of prehistoric Native Americans in the San Francisco Bay-Sacramento Delta area. A distinctive aspect of the region's prehistoric record is the interment of canids, variously classified as coyotes, dogs, and wolves. Since these species are difficult to distinguish based solely on morphology, ancient DNA analysis was employed to distinguish species. The DNA study results, the first on canids from archaeological sites in California, are entirely represented by domesticated dogs (including both interments and disarticulated samples from midden deposits). These results, buttressed by stable isotope analyses, …
Brief Communication: Evolution Of A Specific O Allele (O1vg542a) Supports Unique Ancestry Of Native Americans, Fernando A. Villanea, Deborah A. Bolnick, Cara Monroe, Rosita Worl, Rosemary Cambra, Alan M. Leventhal, Brian M. Kemp
Brief Communication: Evolution Of A Specific O Allele (O1vg542a) Supports Unique Ancestry Of Native Americans, Fernando A. Villanea, Deborah A. Bolnick, Cara Monroe, Rosita Worl, Rosemary Cambra, Alan M. Leventhal, Brian M. Kemp
Faculty Publications, Anthropology
In this study, we explore the geographic and temporal distribution of a unique variant of the O blood group allele called O1vG542A, which has been shown to be shared among Native Americans but is rare in other populations. O1vG542A was previously reported in Native American populations in Mesoamerica and South America, and has been proposed as an ancestry informative marker. We investigated whether this allele is also found in the Tlingit and Haida, two contemporary indigenous populations from Alaska, and a pre-Columbian population from California. If O1vG542A is present in Na-Dene speakers (i.e., Tlingits), it would indicate that Na-Dene speaking …
Brief Communication: Evolution Of A Specific O Allele (O1vg542a) Supports Unique Ancestry Of Native Americans, Fernando A. Villanea, Deborah A. Bolnick, Cara Monroe, Rosita Worl, Rosemary Cambra, Alan M. Leventhal, Brian M. Kemp
Brief Communication: Evolution Of A Specific O Allele (O1vg542a) Supports Unique Ancestry Of Native Americans, Fernando A. Villanea, Deborah A. Bolnick, Cara Monroe, Rosita Worl, Rosemary Cambra, Alan M. Leventhal, Brian M. Kemp
Alan M. Leventhal
In this study, we explore the geographic and temporal distribution of a unique variant of the O blood group allele called O1vG542A, which has been shown to be shared among Native Americans but is rare in other populations. O1vG542A was previously reported in Native American populations in Mesoamerica and South America, and has been proposed as an ancestry informative marker. We investigated whether this allele is also found in the Tlingit and Haida, two contemporary indigenous populations from Alaska, and a pre-Columbian population from California. If O1vG542A is present in Na-Dene speakers (i.e., Tlingits), it would indicate that Na-Dene speaking …
The Role Of Canids In Ritual And Domestic Contexts: New Ancient Dna Insights From Complex Hunter-Gatherer Sites In Prehistoric Central California, Alan M. Leventhal, Brian F. Byrd, Anna Cornellas, Jelmer W. Eerkens, Jeffrey Rosenthal, Tim R. Carpenter, Jennifer A. Leonard
The Role Of Canids In Ritual And Domestic Contexts: New Ancient Dna Insights From Complex Hunter-Gatherer Sites In Prehistoric Central California, Alan M. Leventhal, Brian F. Byrd, Anna Cornellas, Jelmer W. Eerkens, Jeffrey Rosenthal, Tim R. Carpenter, Jennifer A. Leonard
Alan M. Leventhal
This study explores the interrelationship between the genus Canis and hunter–gatherers through a case study of prehistoric Native Americans in the San Francisco Bay-Sacramento Delta area. A distinctive aspect of the region's prehistoric record is the interment of canids, variously classified as coyotes, dogs, and wolves. Since these species are difficult to distinguish based solely on morphology, ancient DNA analysis was employed to distinguish species. The DNA study results, the first on canids from archaeological sites in California, are entirely represented by domesticated dogs (including both interments and disarticulated samples from midden deposits). These results, buttressed by stable isotope analyses, …
Brief Communication: Evolution Of A Specific O Allele (O1vg542a) Supports Unique Ancestry Of Native Americans, Fernando A. Villanea, Deborah A. Bolnick, Cara Monroe, Rosita Worl, Rosemary Cambra, Alan M. Leventhal, Brian M. Kemp
Brief Communication: Evolution Of A Specific O Allele (O1vg542a) Supports Unique Ancestry Of Native Americans, Fernando A. Villanea, Deborah A. Bolnick, Cara Monroe, Rosita Worl, Rosemary Cambra, Alan M. Leventhal, Brian M. Kemp
Faculty Publications, Urban and Regional Planning
In this study, we explore the geographic and temporal distribution of a unique variant of the O blood group allele called O1vG542A, which has been shown to be shared among Native Americans but is rare in other populations. O1vG542A was previously reported in Native American populations in Mesoamerica and South America, and has been proposed as an ancestry informative marker. We investigated whether this allele is also found in the Tlingit and Haida, two contemporary indigenous populations from Alaska, and a pre-Columbian population from California. If O1vG542A is present in Na-Dene speakers (i.e., Tlingits), it would indicate that Na-Dene speaking …
University Scholar Series: Jan English-Lueck, Jan English-Lueck
University Scholar Series: Jan English-Lueck, Jan English-Lueck
University Scholar Series
Unique and Medically Diverse Health Culture in the Silicon Valley
On October 24, 2012 Dr. Jan English-Lueck spoke in the University Scholar Series hosted by Provost Ellen Junn at the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Library. Dr. Jan English-Lueck is the associate dean of the College of Social Sciences and a distinguished anthropologist. She has written ethnographies detailing the lives of California's alternative healers and China's scientists. She is also the author of several books on Silicon Valley that explore how working in Silicon Valley shapes our communities, families, and bodies.
Theravada Buddhism And Political Engagement Among The Thai-Lao Of North East Thailand: The Bun Phra Wet Ceremony, Sandra Cate
Theravada Buddhism And Political Engagement Among The Thai-Lao Of North East Thailand: The Bun Phra Wet Ceremony, Sandra Cate
Sandra Cate
The Thai-Lao of North East Thailand (Isan), the major ethnic group in a core area of the Red Shirt movement, have long expressed concern with the well-being of the muang – now nation-state – in which they reside. This paper explores the proposition that the moral foundations for continuing political engagement at the muang level are explicitly stated in the annual Theravada Buddhist festival, the Bun Phra Wet, celebrated in almost every Thai-Lao village. Moreover, these concerns also involve appropriate actions by the people to correct the systems in which they live.
Theravada Buddhism And Political Engagement Among The Thai-Lao Of North East Thailand: The Bun Phra Wet Ceremony, Sandra Cate
Theravada Buddhism And Political Engagement Among The Thai-Lao Of North East Thailand: The Bun Phra Wet Ceremony, Sandra Cate
Faculty Publications, Anthropology
The Thai-Lao of North East Thailand (Isan), the major ethnic group in a core area of the Red Shirt movement, have long expressed concern with the well-being of the muang – now nation-state – in which they reside. This paper explores the proposition that the moral foundations for continuing political engagement at the muang level are explicitly stated in the annual Theravada Buddhist festival, the Bun Phra Wet, celebrated in almost every Thai-Lao village. Moreover, these concerns also involve appropriate actions by the people to correct the systems in which they live.
Review Of Working The Past: Narrative And Institutional Memory, Jan English-Lueck
Review Of Working The Past: Narrative And Institutional Memory, Jan English-Lueck
Faculty Publications, Anthropology
No abstract provided.
Review Of Working The Past: Narrative And Institutional Memory, Jan English-Lueck
Review Of Working The Past: Narrative And Institutional Memory, Jan English-Lueck
Jan English-Lueck
No abstract provided.
Prototyping Self In Silicon Valley, Deep Diversity As A Framework For Anthropological Inquiry, Jan English-Lueck
Prototyping Self In Silicon Valley, Deep Diversity As A Framework For Anthropological Inquiry, Jan English-Lueck
Faculty Publications, Anthropology
High-technology work fuels a dynamic global exchange from technopoles throughout the world, but especially between East and South Asia and the northern Californian region of Silicon Valley. This migration drives an expanded number of ancestral identities. Professional and activity-based identities flourish as Silicon Valley’s strong narrative of meritocracy loosens the grip of birth ascription on the creation of identities. These achieved identities proliferate as people experiment on their own sense of self. Traditional conceptual tools related to immigration, and even such contemporary approaches as Appadurai’s ethnoscapes, do not adequately illuminate the ethnographic data on Silicon Valley workers, families, and especially …
Prototyping Self In Silicon Valley, Deep Diversity As A Framework For Anthropological Inquiry, Jan English-Lueck
Prototyping Self In Silicon Valley, Deep Diversity As A Framework For Anthropological Inquiry, Jan English-Lueck
Jan English-Lueck
High-technology work fuels a dynamic global exchange from technopoles throughout the world, but especially between East and South Asia and the northern Californian region of Silicon Valley. This migration drives an expanded number of ancestral identities. Professional and activity-based identities flourish as Silicon Valley’s strong narrative of meritocracy loosens the grip of birth ascription on the creation of identities. These achieved identities proliferate as people experiment on their own sense of self. Traditional conceptual tools related to immigration, and even such contemporary approaches as Appadurai’s ethnoscapes, do not adequately illuminate the ethnographic data on Silicon Valley workers, families, and especially …
Mothers And Infants In The Prehistoric Santa Clara Valley: What Stable Isotopes Tell Us About Ancestral Ohlone Weaning Practices, Alan M. Leventhal, Karen S. Gardner, Rosemary Cambra, Eric J. Bartelink, Antoinette Martinez
Mothers And Infants In The Prehistoric Santa Clara Valley: What Stable Isotopes Tell Us About Ancestral Ohlone Weaning Practices, Alan M. Leventhal, Karen S. Gardner, Rosemary Cambra, Eric J. Bartelink, Antoinette Martinez
Faculty Publications, Anthropology
Breast-feeding and weaning are a part of childhood in all human populations, but the exact timing of these milestones varies between groups. As infants incorporate the nutrients from breast milk into their growing bones, chemical evidence is captured in the form of higher stable nitrogen (δ15N) isotope values. This study interprets δ15N values in the bone collagen of children (n = 24) buried at the Yukisma Mound (CA-SCL-38), in Santa Clara County, California. Radiocarbon dates for this site span 2200-250 B.P., but primarily fall during the Late period (740-230 B.P.). In the one probable mother-infant pair available for study, a …
Mothers And Infants In The Prehistoric Santa Clara Valley: What Stable Isotopes Tell Us About Ancestral Ohlone Weaning Practices, Alan M. Leventhal, Karen S. Gardner, Rosemary Cambra, Eric J. Bartelink, Antoinette Martinez
Mothers And Infants In The Prehistoric Santa Clara Valley: What Stable Isotopes Tell Us About Ancestral Ohlone Weaning Practices, Alan M. Leventhal, Karen S. Gardner, Rosemary Cambra, Eric J. Bartelink, Antoinette Martinez
Alan M. Leventhal
Breast-feeding and weaning are a part of childhood in all human populations, but the exact timing of these milestones varies between groups. As infants incorporate the nutrients from breast milk into their growing bones, chemical evidence is captured in the form of higher stable nitrogen (δ15N) isotope values. This study interprets δ15N values in the bone collagen of children (n = 24) buried at the Yukisma Mound (CA-SCL-38), in Santa Clara County, California. Radiocarbon dates for this site span 2200-250 B.P., but primarily fall during the Late period (740-230 B.P.). In the one probable mother-infant pair available for study, a …
Chicos Del Horno: How Adobe Oven-Roasted Corn Became A Local, Slow, And Deep Food, Devon Peña
Chicos Del Horno: How Adobe Oven-Roasted Corn Became A Local, Slow, And Deep Food, Devon Peña
NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings
No abstract provided.
Introduction: Environmental Justice Movements For A Post-Capitalist World, Devon Peña, Kathryn Blackmer Reyes
Introduction: Environmental Justice Movements For A Post-Capitalist World, Devon Peña, Kathryn Blackmer Reyes
NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings
No abstract provided.
The Bone Battle: The Attack On Scientific Freedom, Elizabeth Weiss
The Bone Battle: The Attack On Scientific Freedom, Elizabeth Weiss
Faculty Publications, Anthropology
NAGPRA (lovely acronym) is a federal law, passed in 1989, that requires agencies receiving federal support to allow federally recognized tribes to obtain “culturally affiliated” Native American human remains and artifacts - in other words, to reclaim bones, body parts, and burial objects from museums, research organizations, and other current owners. [...] decisions will be made on the basis of religious belief, not a showing of fact.
The Bone Battle: The Attack On Scientific Freedom, Elizabeth Weiss
The Bone Battle: The Attack On Scientific Freedom, Elizabeth Weiss
Elizabeth Weiss
NAGPRA (lovely acronym) is a federal law, passed in 1989, that requires agencies receiving federal support to allow federally recognized tribes to obtain “culturally affiliated” Native American human remains and artifacts - in other words, to reclaim bones, body parts, and burial objects from museums, research organizations, and other current owners. [...] decisions will be made on the basis of religious belief, not a showing of fact.
Paleoepidemiological Patterns Of Interpersonal Aggression In A Prehistoric Central California Population From Ca-Ala-329, Alan M. Leventhal, Robert Jurmain, Eric Bartelink, Viviana Bellifemine, Irina Nechayev, Melinda Atwood, Diane Digiuseppe
Paleoepidemiological Patterns Of Interpersonal Aggression In A Prehistoric Central California Population From Ca-Ala-329, Alan M. Leventhal, Robert Jurmain, Eric Bartelink, Viviana Bellifemine, Irina Nechayev, Melinda Atwood, Diane Digiuseppe
Alan M. Leventhal
Interpersonal aggression is assessed paleoepidemiologically in a large skeletal population from the CA-ALA-329 site located on the southeastern side of San Francisco Bay, California. This comprehensive analysis included all currently recognized skeletal criteria, including craniofacial fracture, projectile injury, forearm fracture, and perimortem bone modification. Craniofacial injury is moderately common, showing an adult prevalence of 9.0% with facial lesions accounting for >50% of involvement. Clinical studies suggest that such separate evaluation of facial involvement provides a useful perspective for understanding patterns of interpersonal aggression. In this group male facial involvement is significantly greater than in females, paralleling the pattern found widely …
Paleoepidemiological Patterns Of Interpersonal Aggression In A Prehistoric Central California Population From Ca-Ala-329, Alan M. Leventhal, Robert Jurmain, Eric Bartelink, Viviana Bellifemine, Irina Nechayev, Melinda Atwood, Diane Digiuseppe
Paleoepidemiological Patterns Of Interpersonal Aggression In A Prehistoric Central California Population From Ca-Ala-329, Alan M. Leventhal, Robert Jurmain, Eric Bartelink, Viviana Bellifemine, Irina Nechayev, Melinda Atwood, Diane Digiuseppe
Faculty Publications, Anthropology
Interpersonal aggression is assessed paleoepidemiologically in a large skeletal population from the CA-ALA-329 site located on the southeastern side of San Francisco Bay, California. This comprehensive analysis included all currently recognized skeletal criteria, including craniofacial fracture, projectile injury, forearm fracture, and perimortem bone modification. Craniofacial injury is moderately common, showing an adult prevalence of 9.0% with facial lesions accounting for >50% of involvement. Clinical studies suggest that such separate evaluation of facial involvement provides a useful perspective for understanding patterns of interpersonal aggression. In this group male facial involvement is significantly greater than in females, paralleling the pattern found widely …