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Articles 391 - 420 of 3260
Full-Text Articles in Anthropology
Cultural Resources Inventory Of 60.2 Acres For The Proposed El Paso Central Processing Center Project, El Paso, U.S. Customs And Border Protection, El Paso Sector, El Paso County, Texas, John Lindemuth
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
GSRC personnel conducted an intensive cultural resources survey of a 60.2-acre parcel for the construction, operation, and maintenance of a permanent U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) Central Processing Center (CPC) facility located in northeast El Paso, El Paso County, Texas. No previously recorded archaeological sites or previously conducted archaeological investigations were found to overlap with the 60.2-acre survey parcel. No aboveground/architectural historic properties were noted within the 1.6-kilomter (1-mile) search radius of the 60.2-acre survey parcel. Fieldwork for the survey was conducted by the Principal Investigator and an archaeological technician over a 5-day period from February 24 to 28, 2020. The …
Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of The 6.4-Acre Bonnie Reid Tract, Sugar Land, Fort Bend County, Texas, Jeffrey D. Owens, Kathryn Nunez, Jesse O. Dalton
Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of The 6.4-Acre Bonnie Reid Tract, Sugar Land, Fort Bend County, Texas, Jeffrey D. Owens, Kathryn Nunez, Jesse O. Dalton
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
Horizon Environmental Services, Inc. (Horizon) was selected by LJA Engineering, Inc. (LJA) on behalf of Fort Bend Levee Improvement District (LID) No. 7 to conduct an intensive cultural resources inventory and assessment of the 2.6-hectare (6.4-acre) Bonnie Reid tract in western Sugar Land, Fort Bend County, Texas. The tract is located at the southwestern corner of the intersection of Pecan Grove and Sartartia Road within an older rural residential subdivision surrounded by modern residential subdivisions. A small homestead complex owned and occupied by William and Bonnie Reid until recently is located in the north-central portion of the tract. For purposes …
Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of The 380.6-Acre Stockdick School Road Tract, Katy, Harris County, Texas, Jeffrey D. Owens, Charles E. Bludau Jr., Jesse O. Dalton
Intensive Cultural Resources Survey Of The 380.6-Acre Stockdick School Road Tract, Katy, Harris County, Texas, Jeffrey D. Owens, Charles E. Bludau Jr., Jesse O. Dalton
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
Horizon Environmental Services, Inc. (Horizon) was selected by Berg-Oliver Associates, Inc. (BOA) on behalf of the Harris County Flood Control District (HCFCD) to conduct a cultural resources inventory and assessment for the proposed Stockdick School Road Project in Katy, Harris County, Texas (HCFCD Project No. U501-07-00-E001). The proposed undertaking would consist of constructing various storm water detention ponds and other drainage improvements within a non-contiguous 154.0-hectare (380.6-acre) tract located off either side of Grand Avenue Parkway (State Highway [SH] 99) in Katy, Harris County, Texas. The tract is bounded on the north by Stockdick School Road, on the west by …
Cultural Resources Survey For The Granbury East Wastewater Treatmentplant, City Of Granbury, Hood County, Texas (Twdb Project No. 73813), Kevin Stone, Thomas Chapman
Cultural Resources Survey For The Granbury East Wastewater Treatmentplant, City Of Granbury, Hood County, Texas (Twdb Project No. 73813), Kevin Stone, Thomas Chapman
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
This report presents the substantive findings of a cultural resources survey for the Granbury East Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Project, which is a component to the Wastewater Phase I Improvements Project reviewed by the Texas Water Development Board [TWDB] under Project No. 73813. The proposed Granbury East WWTP is located within a 10.6-acre (ac) property located at 3121 Old Granbury Road in the City of Granbury, Hood County, Texas. As the City of Granbury is a political entity of the State of Texas, the City is required to comply with the Antiquities Code of Texas (ACT). In addition, as the …
Intensive Pedestrian Survey Of The Eisenhower Trail Segment,Howard Peak Greenway Trail, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, Sarah Wigley
Intensive Pedestrian Survey Of The Eisenhower Trail Segment,Howard Peak Greenway Trail, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, Sarah Wigley
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
On May 19-21, 2020, the Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) at The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) conducted an intensive pedestrian survey of the Eisenhower Park Trail Segment of the Howard Peak Greenway Trail in northwest San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. The work was conducted in response to a request from Adams Environmental, Inc. The original alignment of the trail (The Rim to Eisenhower Park) had been surveyed previously by CAR in 2015, but a redesign necessitated a survey of this portion of the trail segment. This portion of the trail was redesigned because the slope of the …
Cultural Resources Survey Of The Lone Star Express Ii Pipeline Project - Loop 2, In Nolan, Taylor, Callahan, And Eastland Counties, Texas, Tony Scott, Hilda Torres, Amanda Kloepfer, Ryan Vandyke, Ryan Vandyke
Cultural Resources Survey Of The Lone Star Express Ii Pipeline Project - Loop 2, In Nolan, Taylor, Callahan, And Eastland Counties, Texas, Tony Scott, Hilda Torres, Amanda Kloepfer, Ryan Vandyke, Ryan Vandyke
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
Gray & Pape, Inc., of Houston, Texas, on behalf of Lonestar NGL Pipeline, LP, conducted an intensive pedestrian cultural resources survey within permitted areas of the 117.85-kilometer (73.23-mile) long Lone Star Express II Pipeline Project – Loop 2, in Nolan, Taylor, Callahan, and Eastland Counties, Texas. The lead agency for the project has been identified as the United States Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District (Permit No. SWF-2019-00234). Thus, survey efforts concentrated on areas anticipated to be under the jurisdiction of the United States Army Corps of Engineers (permit areas). Within Loop 2, the total Area of Potential Effects …
Cultural Resources Survey For The 185-Acre Lakeline Park Phase I Improvements Project, Joey O'Keefe
Cultural Resources Survey For The 185-Acre Lakeline Park Phase I Improvements Project, Joey O'Keefe
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
From September to October of 2019, aci consulting conducted a cultural resources survey for the Lakeline Park Phase I Improvements project in Williamson County, Texas. The Area of Potential Effect (APE) for this project consisted of a 185-acre (74.87hectare) area on City of Cedar Park-owned land located approximately 330 feet (100.58 meters) west of the intersection of US Highway 183 and Avery Ranch Boulevard. The pedestrian survey was conducted within the entire 185-acre project area, except for the approximately 28 acres previously surveyed in 2002 in the westernmost area of the APE. The survey did not include the Soil Conservation …
Cultural Resources Survey Of The Proposed Cps Energy Shepherd Transmission Line Project, Bexar County, Texas, Sophia Salgado, Zachary M. Overfield
Cultural Resources Survey Of The Proposed Cps Energy Shepherd Transmission Line Project, Bexar County, Texas, Sophia Salgado, Zachary M. Overfield
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) conducted a cultural resources investigation on behalf of CPS Energy for the proposed 5.6-mile-long (9-kilometer [km]-long) Shepherd Transmission Line Project in Bexar County, Texas (Project). The Project will involve installing new overhead electric transmission monopoles within west San Antonio. The Project is currently not subject to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) but is subject to the Antiquities Code of Texas (ACT) and Historic Preservation and Design Sections of San Antonio’s Unified Development Code, both closely aligned to NHPA standards. The purpose of the investigation was to identify any substantial cultural resources sites …
Intensive Cultural Resources Survey For The Vail Divide Southern Extension Storm Water Detention Pond Project, Bee Cave, Travis County, Texas, Jeffrey D. Owens, Jesse O. Dalton
Intensive Cultural Resources Survey For The Vail Divide Southern Extension Storm Water Detention Pond Project, Bee Cave, Travis County, Texas, Jeffrey D. Owens, Jesse O. Dalton
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
Horizon Environmental Services, Inc. (Horizon) was selected by Malone/Wheeler, Inc. on behalf of the Lake Travis Independent School District (LTISD) to conduct an intensive cultural resources inventory and assessment for the proposed construction of an approximately 0.4-hectare (1.0-acre) storm water detention pond. The proposed storm water detention pond would be located off the northwestern side of Hamilton Pool Road (a.k.a. Farm-to-Market Road [FM] 3238) near its intersection with the future right-of-way (ROW) of Vail Divide in western Bee Cave, Travis County, Texas. For purposes of the cultural resources survey, the project area is considered to consist of the entire 0.4-hectare …
Cultural Resources Survey Of The Fort Griffin Special Utility District Waterline Improvements Project, City Of Breckenridge, Stephens County, Texas, Anne Gibson, Jamie Vandagriff, Kevin Stone
Cultural Resources Survey Of The Fort Griffin Special Utility District Waterline Improvements Project, City Of Breckenridge, Stephens County, Texas, Anne Gibson, Jamie Vandagriff, Kevin Stone
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
This report documents the substantive findings and management recommendations of a cultural resources survey conducted by Integrated Environmental Solutions, LLC (IES) for the proposed Fort Griffin Special Utility District (SUD) Waterline Improvements Project located in the City of Breckenridge, Stephens County, Texas. The proposed project will include the installation of a water supply line within a 39.45-acre (ac) Area of Potential Affects (APE). As the Fort Griffin SUD is a political subdivision of the State of Texas, the project is subject to the provisions of the Antiquities Code of Texas (ACT). Additionally, as the project will be partially funded by …
Intensive Archaeological Survey For The Whistler Pipeline Project On University Of Texas Lands In Upton, Reagan, And Crockett Counties, Texas, Jessica Ulmer, Ben Morton, Michael Golden, Ashley Eyeington, Christina Nielsen
Intensive Archaeological Survey For The Whistler Pipeline Project On University Of Texas Lands In Upton, Reagan, And Crockett Counties, Texas, Jessica Ulmer, Ben Morton, Michael Golden, Ashley Eyeington, Christina Nielsen
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
On behalf of Whistler Pipeline, LLC. (Whistler), SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) conducted an intensive cultural resources survey on a portion of the proposed 515.2-mile-long Whistler Pipeline, which traverses 17 counties in Texas. Whistler proposes to construct, install, and maintain a buried natural gas pipeline extending from the Waha Gas Hub in Pecos County to a delivery point near Agua Dulce in Nueces County, Texas. In addition to this mainline, a 45.7-mile-long lateral pipeline (Midland Lateral) will extend south from Midland County and connect to the mainline in Upton County. This report presents the results of the survey of University of …
Wilson-Donaldson Stoneware Kiln Site (41dn19), Timothy K. Perttula, Nancy G. Reese, Rodney Bo Nelson, Daniel J. Prikryl
Wilson-Donaldson Stoneware Kiln Site (41dn19), Timothy K. Perttula, Nancy G. Reese, Rodney Bo Nelson, Daniel J. Prikryl
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
In July 1998, personnel from Archeological & Environmental Consultants volunteered one day to assist the Denton County Historical Commission in their investigation of the 1850-1880 Wilson-Donaldson stoneware kiln (41DN19) near Sharon Lake, Bryant Branch, and Hickory Creek in the upper Trinity River basin a few miles south-southeast of Denton, Texas. This is one of a number of 19th century stoneware potteries making saltglazed and natural clay slip vessels in Denton County, including the Cranston Pottery (41DN16), Roark Pottery (41DN18), Lambert Pottery (41DN74), and Serran Pottery (41DN75), all sites listed on the National register of Historic Places.
The kiln and associated …
Studies Of Ceramic Vessel Sherds, Clay Figurines, And Daub From The Henderson Site (41cy6) In North Central Texas, Timothy K. Perttula
Studies Of Ceramic Vessel Sherds, Clay Figurines, And Daub From The Henderson Site (41cy6) In North Central Texas, Timothy K. Perttula
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
This report concerns the analysis of an assemblage of ceramic vessel sherds and two clay figurine fragments from the Henderson site (41CY60on the Red River in the Rolling Plains of North Central Texas (Figure 1). This Late Prehistoric site was excavated in 1975 by students at Midwestern State University in Wichita Falls, Texas, under the direction of Dr. Philip S. Colee, but no report on the work was ever produced. The artifact collections eventually ended up at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas(TARL), where they were studied and documented in the Summer and Fall of 2019by …
The Garvis Anglin Site (41hp253): A Woodland Period Site On Stouts Creek, Hopkins County, Texas, Lee Green
The Garvis Anglin Site (41hp253): A Woodland Period Site On Stouts Creek, Hopkins County, Texas, Lee Green
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
The Garvis Anglin site (41HP253) was first brought to my attention in the spring of 2003 by the landowner Mr. Garvis Anglin. Mr. Anglin reported “flint chips” on the surface after having plowed the ground for the purpose of planting a food plot for deer. In June 2003, at Mr. Anglin’s request, uncontrolled excavations began at the site and continued sporadically throughout the summer. Large quantities of lithic debris and stone tools were recovered along with a small quantity of ceramic artifacts. Ceramics from the site included only four sherds and one small, but complete, utility ware jar. The site …
Archaeological Monitoring Of The Olmos Basin Golf Course Tree Planting Project, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, Nesta Anderson, Adam Leroy, Jake Sullivan, Sheldon Smith, Melanie Nichols
Archaeological Monitoring Of The Olmos Basin Golf Course Tree Planting Project, San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas, Nesta Anderson, Adam Leroy, Jake Sullivan, Sheldon Smith, Melanie Nichols
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
At the request of the City of San Antonio (COSA), Pape-Dawson Engineers, Inc. (Pape-Dawson) monitored for cultural resources during the planting of new trees within portions of the existing Olmos Basin Golf Course, located west of the intersection of Basse Road and US 281, in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. The trees were placed randomly throughout the golf course along with new, connecting irrigation lines. Excavations for the trees averaged 3.6 feet (ft) (1.1 meters2 [m2]) in diameter and 1.6 ft (0.5 m) deep. Irrigation lines were installed approximately 1 ft (0.3 m) below the ground surface and were on …
Ancestral Woodland And Caddo Cemetery/Burial And Mound Sites In East Texas And On The Sabine River In Northwest Louisiana, Timothy K. Perttula
Ancestral Woodland And Caddo Cemetery/Burial And Mound Sites In East Texas And On The Sabine River In Northwest Louisiana, Timothy K. Perttula
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
This is the first iteration of a comprehensive list of all known ancestral Woodland period (ca. 2500-1150 years B.P.) and Caddo (ca. 1150-300 years B.P., Early Caddo, ca. 1150-750 years B.P.; Middle Caddo, ca. 750-550 years B.P.; Late Caddo, 550-270 years B.P., and Historic Caddo, postdating 270 years B.P.) cemetery/burial sites in East Texas and along the Sabine River at Toledo Bend Reservoir in Northwest Louisiana. If a cultural component cannot be established at this time for some of the Caddo sites, they are simply identified as having a Caddo component. Several references were key in compiling this list, including …
Ancestral Caddo Ceramic Vessel Sherds From Sites In Gregg And Wood County In East Texas, Timothy K. Perttula
Ancestral Caddo Ceramic Vessel Sherds From Sites In Gregg And Wood County In East Texas, Timothy K. Perttula
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State
There are many site artifact collections held in the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at the University of Texas at Austin (TARL) that are understudied and that have not been analyzed in detail according to current analysis standards. Among these collections are a number of site collections from sites in the Caddo area in East Texas (Figure 1), particularly ceramic sherd collections. In this article, I have tackled the intriguing collections identified from Gregg and Wood counties, Texas, mostly collected in the 1930s and early 1940s by Jack Hughes, then an East Texas resident (see Shaller 2020), but later a legendary …
Table Of Contents (V. 32, 2020)
Table Of Contents (V. 32, 2020)
BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers
No abstract provided.
Transformation Of The St. Clair Maritime Cultural Landscape From The Seventeenth To The Twentieth Centuries, Daniel Frederick Harrison
Transformation Of The St. Clair Maritime Cultural Landscape From The Seventeenth To The Twentieth Centuries, Daniel Frederick Harrison
Wayne State University Dissertations
The St. Clair system—a river, delta and lake between Lake Huron and the Detroit River—offers significant opportunities to study long-term maritime landscape formation, and to preserve a unique resource. Few maritime landscapes in the Great Lakes remain so deeply and clearly inscribed by successive cultures. This permits both focused and comprehensive analyses and comparisons of the ideologies, technologies and practices of indigenous, colonial, and modern societies as each created its unique place in the environment through four processes: cognition, dwelling, movement, and representation. The socially-conditioned perception of environmental resources and constraints, and resulting strategies to exploit the former while minimizing …
The Public And The Personal: Mapping The Nyc Subway System As An Urban Memoryscape, Soledad O. Tejada
The Public And The Personal: Mapping The Nyc Subway System As An Urban Memoryscape, Soledad O. Tejada
Library Map Prize
No abstract provided.
From Field To Museum: Intergenerational Education In Public Archaeology, Nicholas Daniel Dungey
From Field To Museum: Intergenerational Education In Public Archaeology, Nicholas Daniel Dungey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Archaeologists have developed different curricula and methods within museums, classrooms, and field settings that engage the public in learning about the past. One realm of public archaeology that has received little research is studying how intergenerational education impacts engaging learners of varying ages with the past. Community collaboration and place-based education (PBE) have served as relevant topics of research for intergenerational educators. I incorporated intergenerational education methods at an archaeology summer camp at Highlands Micro School and at a temporary interactive exhibit at the History Colorado Center. I utilized surveys to determine changes in perception of archaeology that occurred between …
Petit Répertoire Méthodologique Pour Une Approche Multidimensionnelle Des Arts Visuels Contemporains, Clotilde Wuthrich
Petit Répertoire Méthodologique Pour Une Approche Multidimensionnelle Des Arts Visuels Contemporains, Clotilde Wuthrich
Artl@s Bulletin
Quels pourraient être les outils contenus dans un petit répertoire méthodologique disponible à la fois pour l’anthropologie et l’histoire de l’art à même d’appréhender et décrire les pratiques multiples des arts visuels contemporains, jusqu’aux plus hétérogènes et hybrides, et de façon rigoureusement symétrique ? J’en évoquerai ici quatre en insistant sur le contexte historique de leur émergence: les approches contraires ; l’art comme technologie sociale et les artistes comme interfaces ; l’art-ethnographie ; et la bricologie.
Museum Proposal At Portsmouth, Richard Duncan
Museum Proposal At Portsmouth, Richard Duncan
Indian Head Rock Project
A proposal to construct a museum for the Indian Head Rock in Portsmouth, Ohio. The letter was written on November 18, 2019 and the drawings created on November 1, 2019.
¿Historia Y Cultura Al Viento? Los Efectos De La Construcción Del Aeropuerto Internacional De Chinchero En El Patrimonio Arqueológico Circundante, Becca Teachey
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Durante los últimos 40 años, el gobierno del Perú ha hablado de construir un nuevo aeropuerto internacional en Chinchero, Perú. Chinchero es una ubicación perfecta debido a su proximidad a numerosos sitios turísticos y su gran cantidad de tierra que tiene el potencial de servir como un sitio de construcción. Sin embargo, Chinchero también es conocido por su riqueza en historia, belleza natural y ruinas arqueológicas del imperio inca. Con la construcción de un nuevo aeropuerto internacional en Chinchero, el patrimonio cultural y la integridad de la arqueología allá están en peligro. Se dice que el aeropuerto atraerá más turistas …
Claiming The Remains Of The Past: The Return Of Cultural Heritage Objects To Colombia, Mexico, And Peru, Pierre Losson
Claiming The Remains Of The Past: The Return Of Cultural Heritage Objects To Colombia, Mexico, And Peru, Pierre Losson
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
My research explores the reasons why three Latin American states (Colombia, Mexico, and Peru) claim the return of cultural heritage objects from holding institutions in the Western World, such as museums and universities. The literature on returns and restitutions, which focuses on questions of ownership and possession of objects, opposes two conceptions of cultural heritage: on the one hand, the internationalists argue that the location of a cultural object must be decided according to the interests of science and education, for the benefit and in the name of humankind; on the other hand, the nationalists consider that cultural heritage is …
Digitally-Mediated Practices Of Geospatial Archaeological Data: Transformation, Integration, & Interpretation, Heather Richards-Rissetto, Kristin Landau
Digitally-Mediated Practices Of Geospatial Archaeological Data: Transformation, Integration, & Interpretation, Heather Richards-Rissetto, Kristin Landau
Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications
Digitally-mediated practices of archaeological data require reflexive thinking about where archaeology stands as a discipline in regard to the ‘digital,’ and where we want to go. To move toward this goal, we advocate a historical approach that emphasizes contextual source-side criticism and data intimacy—scrutinizing maps and 3D data as we do artifacts by analyzing position, form, material and context of analog and digital sources. Applying this approach, we reflect on what we have learned from processes of digitally-mediated data. We ask: What can we learn as we convert analog data to digital data? And, how does digital data transformation impact …
Children Shouldn't Play With Dead Things, Sarah Adcock
Children Shouldn't Play With Dead Things, Sarah Adcock
Graduate School of Art Theses
I view my creative process as alchemy, the transformation of materials through experimentation. I use wax as a material that transcends its historical use as a sculptural process for casting and instead, use it for its transmutable qualities to inform content. Because of its plasticity and duality as fragile and resilient, wax is symbolically submissive and assertive. By applying heat, wax can be molded and formed into new shapes. Once it cools, wax reverts back to its natural state; solid and impermeable. I use objects to explore desires of origin and life. Transitional objects, the first “me not me” possession …
Rediscovering Brazil: The Marajoara Style In Modernist Art And Design, Alyson Brandes
Rediscovering Brazil: The Marajoara Style In Modernist Art And Design, Alyson Brandes
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
During the Portuguese rule of Dom Pedro II until 1889, through the years of the First Brazilian Republic (1889-1930) and into the First Vargas Regime (1930-1945), Brazil struggled to solidify a strong national identity that would finally unify the country and legitimize its rich cultural heritage. The discovery and excavation of Marajó Island in the 1870s provided evidence of a great, ancient civilization, and inspired Brazilian Art Deco and early Modernist artists. Polychrome ceramic urns, vessels, and tangas (female pubic covers) were among the most abundant archaeological finds, many with zoomorphic and geometric motifs that show the cultural importance of …
Cultural Heritage Preservation In The Context Of Climate Change Adaptation Or Relocation: Barbuda As A Case Study, Martha B. Lerski
Cultural Heritage Preservation In The Context Of Climate Change Adaptation Or Relocation: Barbuda As A Case Study, Martha B. Lerski
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
This case study introduces an arts camp methodology of engaging communities in identifying their key cultural heritage features, thus serving as a meta study. It presents original research based on field studies on the climate-vulnerable Caribbean island of Barbuda during 2017 and 2018. Its Valued Cultural Elements survey, enabling precise identification of key tangible and intangible art forms and biocultural practices, may serve as a basis for further studies. Such approaches may facilitate future research or planning as climate-vulnerable communities harness Local or Indigenous Knowledge for purposes of biocultural heritage preservation, or towards adaptation or relocation. I report on findings …