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Articles 51391 - 51420 of 658643
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Effects Of Mindfulness Training On Prosocial Responses In Intergroup Relations: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Denise Yiran Zheng
Effects Of Mindfulness Training On Prosocial Responses In Intergroup Relations: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Denise Yiran Zheng
Theses and Dissertations
Based on social identity theory and intergroup emotions theory, individuals feel for and act toward others based on their group-based social identities. Recent research shows that mindfulness can enhance prosocial responses toward others across group divides. The current research examined the effects of mindfulness training on prosocial behavior in intergroup relations where such behavior is difficult (e.g., with marginalized or devalued social groups). The study also examined potential mechanisms, namely state empathic concern and appraisal, that may explain how mindfulness increases prosocial behavior toward outgroups. This study compared the effects of a 2-week mindfulness training to a matched coping training …
An Exploratory Study Of Ombuds As Agents Of Change: From Observation To Action, Michael A. Wahlgren
An Exploratory Study Of Ombuds As Agents Of Change: From Observation To Action, Michael A. Wahlgren
Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations
This research focuses on identifying successful approaches used by university ombuds offices to enact change regarding dispute resolution options within their academic institute. The field of Ombuds has grown steadily in North America since the 1970s and is widely used by private industry, academia, and government organizations to deploy alternative dispute resolution techniques, an often cheaper and more successful means of conflict resolution compared to the traditional litigious approach. Identifying how ombuds approach promoting change requires understanding the dispute resolution system and the conditions that produce conflict. Based on interviews with 10 current university ombuds officers from a variety of …
Why Is My Hair Micromanaged In The Workplace? Black Women And Natural Hairstyles In The Federal Government, Darnella Mcguire-Nelson
Why Is My Hair Micromanaged In The Workplace? Black Women And Natural Hairstyles In The Federal Government, Darnella Mcguire-Nelson
Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the impact on the career advancement of Black women in the federal government who choose to wear their hair in its natural textured state. The researcher used a structural narrative approach and thematic analysis, guided by the following research question: What are Black women’s experiences when they choose to wear their hair in its natural state as they seek career advancement in the federal government? The two major theories used in this study to elucidate participants’ experiences were structural violence and intersectionality. The following theories provided insight and context to intersectionality: …
A Case Study Analysis Of The Financial Structure Of Boko Haram In Nigeria, John O. Opara
A Case Study Analysis Of The Financial Structure Of Boko Haram In Nigeria, John O. Opara
Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the various techniques used by Boko Haram (BH) to source funds for its violent activities in Nigeria. The study also examined the reasons why the group maintains support from the locals and others despite the violence the group has caused in Nigeria. A case study qualitative research technique was selected by using Key Informant Interviews (KII) and relevant document review to gather data to address the central questions of why Boko Haram has support, and why it maintains a strong financial structure. Findings of the study revealed that Boko Haram has several sources of funding and support …
Decisional And Intrapersonal Conflicts Regarding Treatment Choice For Breast Cancer And The Lived Experiences Encountered During Treatment., Uchennamee Vital Durulawrence
Decisional And Intrapersonal Conflicts Regarding Treatment Choice For Breast Cancer And The Lived Experiences Encountered During Treatment., Uchennamee Vital Durulawrence
Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations
Breast cancer is a widely recognized health concern, yet the concept of 'intrapersonalconflict' within the context of breast cancer treatment is relatively underexplored. While existing research predominantly addresses the impact of a breast cancer diagnosis on everyday life, there is limited investigation into the decisional and intrapersonal conflicts that women face during the course of their treatment. This qualitative study employs transcendental phenomenological analysis to examine these conflicts and the broader experiences of women as they navigate treatment decisions, lifestyle adjustments, and relational dynamics throughout their breast cancer journey. The study participants comprised 12 women aged between 21 and 80, …
Giving Voice To The Victims Of The Insurgency In Eastern Uganda In The Late 1980s And Early 1990s: A Phenomenological Research Study, Lawrence Egulu
Giving Voice To The Victims Of The Insurgency In Eastern Uganda In The Late 1980s And Early 1990s: A Phenomenological Research Study, Lawrence Egulu
Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations
After five years of protracted guerilla warfare, Uganda’s current President Yoweri Museveni capturedpower in January 1986, displacing the preceding regime that had been dominated by Northern politicians and Eastern Ugandans (army and police). Feeling humiliated, deprived, and out of government, several rebel insurgencies erupted, among which was the Uganda People’s Army in the Teso region. The experiences of the affected population at the hands of the army, rebels, and the Karamojong cattle raiders from the North East have remained largely unexplored, unheard, and undocumented outside of the region, and neither have how the victims made meaning of their conditions. The …
The Cultural Adaptation Of An Eating Disorders Assessment Tool For South Asian American Women, Neha J. Goel
The Cultural Adaptation Of An Eating Disorders Assessment Tool For South Asian American Women, Neha J. Goel
Theses and Dissertations
South Asians (SAs) are less likely to be screened, referred, and treated for eating disorders (EDs), although they experience these serious health conditions at rates similar to those of their White counterparts. Available ED assessment tools do not adequately capture cultural nuances in the presentation of eating psychopathology in SAs. Thus, the current study culturally adapted the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) to enhance its validity, applicability, and cultural relevance for SA women living in the US. During the cultural adaptation phase, the principal investigator consulted with participant experts (N=24) and research experts (n=4) to create the …
I Can't Look Away: Parasocial Relationships With Dance Mom Characters Across Tv And Social Media, Kennedy Kay Pirlet
I Can't Look Away: Parasocial Relationships With Dance Mom Characters Across Tv And Social Media, Kennedy Kay Pirlet
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In 2019, Dance Moms ended its airing on Lifetime at the completion of the eighth season. However, the show and its cast members remained popular on social media platforms like TikTok, but we still didn’t know the relationship between watching the show and following cast members on multiple social media platforms or who audiences were closest to. To answer this question, the celebrity-persona parasocial interaction scale and experience of parasocial interaction scale were utilized. These scales were used in this study and found reliable. Snowball recruitment focusing on social media platforms and emails yielded 180 eligible sample participants. Through a …
Artificial Intelligence In Aviation: A Path Analysis, Leila Halawi, Mark D. Miller, Sam J. Holley
Artificial Intelligence In Aviation: A Path Analysis, Leila Halawi, Mark D. Miller, Sam J. Holley
Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research
The study applied the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to assess trust in artificial intelligence (AI) within the US commercial aviation industry. It found that ease of use and usefulness positively influenced attitudes toward AI, impacting users’ intention to use it. However, perceived usefulness did not significantly affect meaning, purpose, and mood positively correlated with trust in AI. In some cases, higher perceived usefulness led to lower trust, indicating the complexity of trust in AI in aviation. This study highlights the importance of trust in AI and suggests the need for further investigation in the aviation context. It also recommends expanding …
A Second Look At Active Shooter Events: Expanding Our Understanding Of Key Factors, Kyle Gamache, Matt Zaitchik, Judith Platania, Cecelia Coslovi, Willem Pontbriand
A Second Look At Active Shooter Events: Expanding Our Understanding Of Key Factors, Kyle Gamache, Matt Zaitchik, Judith Platania, Cecelia Coslovi, Willem Pontbriand
Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications
In the current study, we investigate active shooter events (ASEs) with emphasis on expanding our understanding of key factors involved in these events. The impetus for this study is a 2015 exploration (Gamache et al., 2015) that highlighted common perpetrator and event characteristics in ASEs occurring in the US prior to 2014. Since the 2015 study, mass-shooting events have moved from tragic, isolated incidents, to a phenomenon that is widely discussed in the media and highly politicized. Our goal was to investigate continued trends, if any exist, and to compare our current sample of ASEs to the sample utilized in …
Education And Religion In Shaping Support For Same-Sex Relations: Considering Differences Over Time And Across Geographical Areas, Amy Adamczyk, Ashely French
Education And Religion In Shaping Support For Same-Sex Relations: Considering Differences Over Time And Across Geographical Areas, Amy Adamczyk, Ashely French
Publications and Research
Across the world, attitudes about same-sex relationships have become rapidly more supportive. While education is typically viewed as a liberalizing force, religious beliefs are often seen as restricting more tolerant perspectives and contributing to more conservative attitudes in general. Focusing on the United States this study examines the roles of religion and education, as individual and group properties, for understanding disapproval of same-sex relationships. Drawing on restricted information that makes it possible to identify where General Social Survey respondents lived, we find that graduating from college is associated with more support, but has less of an effect on Evangelicals and …
Revamping Email Communications: A Review Of Five Free Email Design Platforms, Karen Okamoto
Revamping Email Communications: A Review Of Five Free Email Design Platforms, Karen Okamoto
Publications and Research
This article reviews five free online email design platforms that libraries can use to create visually appealing and engaging email newsletters and other email communications. The five platforms reviewed in this article – Beefree, Mosaico, Smore, Stripo, and Tabular – are assessed according to ease of use, the availability of pre-designed templates, and other features, such as the ability to add collaborators. This review begins with a summary of the library and marketing literature on email communications, including best practices, and ends with a brief overview of email marketing platforms and services.
Fat And Water Content Effects Of Three Food Substrates (Ground Veal, Ground Beef, And Beef Liver) On Lucilia Sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Development And Mortality, Nicole Dailey
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
Although temperature has been identified as the most important catalyst affecting blow fly larval development, other variables encountered by these species, such as the fat and moisture content of the food source, may have an impact on accurate estimations of the PMImin in forensic investigations. Thus, body composition differences between human carrion, such as variations in body fat and water percentages between younger and older individuals, or heavier persons, could affect blow fly developmental rates, and in turn cause over or under estimations of the PMImin. In this study, the weight, length, and development times of Lucilia sericata third instar …
The Development And Evaluation Of A Method For Complete Collagenase I Digestion Of Bos Taurus Bone Samples, Reilly Price
The Development And Evaluation Of A Method For Complete Collagenase I Digestion Of Bos Taurus Bone Samples, Reilly Price
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
Current methods for processing aged forensic bone samples for DNA analysis involve pulverization and organic extraction, which further destroys already degraded DNA and uses large amounts of limited samples. Additionally, the success rates for this type of analysis vary widely as homogenization incorporates PCR inhibitors into the sample. Little research has explored how pulverization results in DNA damage in profiles obtained from skeletal remains. This study proposes an enzymatic digestion method to separate osteocytes from PCR inhibitors in the extracellular bone matrix to improve the quality and quantity of DNA isolated from aged bone samples. The technique described here used …
A Comparative Analysis Of Swabbing Solutions For Sexual Assault Evidence: Direct Impact On Spermatozoa And Dna Recovery, Olivia Q. Kassie
A Comparative Analysis Of Swabbing Solutions For Sexual Assault Evidence: Direct Impact On Spermatozoa And Dna Recovery, Olivia Q. Kassie
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
Forensic laboratories struggle with a backlog of sexual assault cases, prompting the need for effective techniques to develop consistent protocols and address scientific gaps. Challenges in recovering optimal DNA from assault evidence stem from factors like collection timing and sampling variables. Variations in lab protocols can lead to differences in DNA yields and profile success. This was observed in a state lab when protocols were developed allowing the use of acetone to swab sexual assault evidence. The use of acetone originated due to their case-routing protocols in multi-section cases involving latent fingerprints. While not necessary for sexual assault and porous …
Evaluation Of Charcoal Strip Extraction Efficiency Under Varying Substrate Conditions, Abby Wester
Evaluation Of Charcoal Strip Extraction Efficiency Under Varying Substrate Conditions, Abby Wester
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
The ability of a forensic examiner to identify the presence of ignitable liquids (ILs) in fire debris collected from the area of origin of a fire is an essential component for determining intent in fire investigations. However, this relies on an effective extraction method that provides a complete picture of what is present in the debris. In this study, eight substrate materials underwent three different treatments: a low-volume of substrate that was unburned, a low-volume of substrate that was burned, and a high-volume of substrate that was unburned. Each sample was spiked with a 1:1 mixture of gasoline and diesel …
Discrimination Of Blue Denim Fibers Utilizing Physical Characteristics, Optical Properties, Fluorescence Microscopy, Ultraviolet-Visible Microspectrophotometry, And Microchemical Testing, Elkin Howard
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
Cotton, the most common natural fiber, has numerous uses in the textile industry. This fiber type is ubiquitous in forensic casework due to its prevalence, particularly in blue jeans. The abundance of blue cotton in society and its limited variations in features can diminish the probative value of its presence on items of evidence. While a pair of blue jeans may be constructed with a combination of natural and manufactured fibers, the most likely fiber type to be transferred between sources is cotton. In this study, a comprehensive analytical approach to blue jean fiber analysis was explored to determine if …
Cellular Autofluorescence Signatures For Determining Time Since Deposition Of Whole Blood, Hannah Lamer
Cellular Autofluorescence Signatures For Determining Time Since Deposition Of Whole Blood, Hannah Lamer
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
Knowledge of the relative window of time that evidentiary biological material was deposited at a crime scene, referred to as the time since deposition (TSD), would help investigators determine which evidentiary items are most probative and assist with scene reconstruction. One commonly encountered body fluid at a crime scene is blood. Various methods for estimating TSD of bloodstains have been developed, but none to date have been validated for use in the forensic laboratory. Recently, flow cytometry measurements of cellular autofluorescence and size/structure have been investigated as a signature for TSD of saliva and touch epidermal cells. This study assessed …
Overcoming The Effects Of Oily Contaminants On Dna Extraction Efficiency Using Dna Iq™ System, Elizabeth G. Gillece
Overcoming The Effects Of Oily Contaminants On Dna Extraction Efficiency Using Dna Iq™ System, Elizabeth G. Gillece
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
In forensic science DNA extraction and purification are crucial to DNA analysis as evidentiary items vary in DNA quantity and quality. In casework the goal to is maximize DNA yield, remove PCR inhibitors, and develop a full profile while preserving evidence. Extraction methods are developed to target the DNA for optimal isolation. Solid-phase extraction is advantageous as it can extract DNA from a variety of tissue types, it is amenable to automation, and it provides quick and efficient purification of DNA. Solid-phase extraction methods may have complications with contaminants that hinder the quantity and quality of the DNA recovered. In …
A Novel Dual Configuration Dart/Uhplc-Ms/Ms System For The Rapid Analysis Of Psilocybin-Containing Mushrooms And Other Seized-Drug Submissions, Aron R. Jaffe
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
The use and availability of controlled substances is highly dynamic. When a classical or novel psychoactive substance becomes popular, an influx of seized-drug evidence submissions closely follows, contributing to an ever-growing backlog of exhibits awaiting identification. The need for inclusive, rapid, and robust analytical methods is apparent, as demonstrated by recent growth in hallucinogen use. Psilocybin and psilocin, among other entheogens, have become increasingly popular and an increase of psilocybin mushroom seizures by law enforcement has followed. The structural similarity and thermal lability of many entheogens preclude their identification using many conventional analysis techniques. A DART and UHPLC were interchangeably …
Using The Microbiome To Assess The Health Status Of The Individuals Recovered From The East Marshall Street Well, Arian Karim
Using The Microbiome To Assess The Health Status Of The Individuals Recovered From The East Marshall Street Well, Arian Karim
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
In 1994, during the construction of the Kontos Building on the Medical College of Virginia Campus, a well on East Marshall Street was discovered to contain artifacts and human remains of African descent. Upon archaeological analysis by the Smithsonian, the ancestral remains can be dated back to the mid-19th century, when grave robbing and the use of cadavers for anatomical purposes [BS1] in medical schools were common. The human oral microbiome is the second largest human microbiota, containing over 600 species of organisms. Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome can lead to the overgrowth of pathogenic species, resulting in illness and …
Temporal Discrimination Of Lucilia Sericata Pupae Using Dart- Tof-Ms And Statistical Analysis, Nguyen-Khoa N. Pham
Temporal Discrimination Of Lucilia Sericata Pupae Using Dart- Tof-Ms And Statistical Analysis, Nguyen-Khoa N. Pham
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is a forensically important blow fly species. These flies have been extensively studied as they are one of the earliest colonizers of corpses. Adult females blow flies lay approximately 200-2,300 eggs, which upon hatching will feed off the body as they metamorphosize from first to second, and third instars. The third instar larvae then migrate away from the body in a stage known as pre-pupa, and develop into the puparial stage. The adults emerge from the pupa stage, leaving behind their empty puparium. These developmental stages are used by forensic entomologists to determine a minimum postmortem …
Quantitation And Visualization Of Epithelial Cells On Cartridge Cases, Paige Kibler, Christopher Ehrhardt, Katherine M. Philpott, Jody H. West, Stephanie Walcott
Quantitation And Visualization Of Epithelial Cells On Cartridge Cases, Paige Kibler, Christopher Ehrhardt, Katherine M. Philpott, Jody H. West, Stephanie Walcott
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
Fired cartridge cases are a common type of evidence submitted to forensic DNA profiling but are challenging to analyze because they usually contain only trace amounts of biological material. As such, there is a significant need in caseworking units for new screening techniques to determine if biological material is present and is in high enough quantity to attempt DNA profiling. The goal of this study was to test a new method for quickly visualizing biological material on cartridge cases. Biological deposits were created by handling fired and unfired cartridge cases through a series of conditions. The biological material was collected …
Further Optimization Of A Simplified Protocol For Tooth Sample Preparation For Analysis Using The Applied Biosystems™ Rapidhit™ Id Instrument, Yen H. Dang
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
Due to the destructive nature of mass casualty incidents (MCIs) or mass fatality events (MFEs), tooth samples are often one of the only viable sources for Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) because of the incredible integrity of the enamel layer surrounding the tooth. However, the resilient structure of the tooth requires harsh chemicals and a labor-intensive sample preparation protocol to ensure successful STR profile development. Considering this difficulty, one of the promising resolutions is the Applied Biosystems RapidHIT™ ID ID platform, which is a fully automated system that is designed to perform cell lysis, DNA isolation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, …
Mapping Media Literacy Impact In The U.S.: A Review Of Literature And Call For Equity, Shannon Burth, Emily Riewestahl, Srividya Ramasubramanian, Bobbie Foster, Patrick R. Johnson, Paul Mihailidis, Melissa Tully
Mapping Media Literacy Impact In The U.S.: A Review Of Literature And Call For Equity, Shannon Burth, Emily Riewestahl, Srividya Ramasubramanian, Bobbie Foster, Patrick R. Johnson, Paul Mihailidis, Melissa Tully
College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications
While media literacy has grown to encompass many topics to provide learners with the skills required to be active citizens and savvy media consumers, there is no clear conceptual framework to define ‘impact.’ This review of literature aims to understand how recent U.S.-based media literacy scholarship defines impact. We analyzed 300 articles published from 2010 to 2020 on the impact of media literacy initiatives in the U.S. We propose the 6 E’s as a framework that captures six categories that media literacy researchers use to describe the impact of media literacy interventions: Evaluation Outcomes, Enquiry, Expression, Experiential Learning, Engaged Citizenship, …
Identifying Barriers: Analysis Of Federal Law Enforcement Social Media And Recruitment Efforts, Reena Desai, Edgar Greer, Meghan Waldron
Identifying Barriers: Analysis Of Federal Law Enforcement Social Media And Recruitment Efforts, Reena Desai, Edgar Greer, Meghan Waldron
Doctor of Education Capstones
The Federal Bureau of Investigation Richmond Field Office seeks to diversify their applicant pool. In an effort to provide information on how to meet this need, our doctoral team analyzed the social media sites of six federal law enforcement agencies to include: the Federal Bureau of Investigation- Headquarters, Federal Bureau of Investigation-Richmond Field Office, Alcohol Tobacco & Firearms, the Federal Bureau of Prisons, the Drug Enforcement Agency, and the United States Marshal Service. By examining a 60-day window of images and their associated text on X (formerly Twitter), Facebook, and Instagram accounts, we wanted to gain a stronger understanding of …
Riverview Community Park Commoning Plan, Haley B. Keene
Riverview Community Park Commoning Plan, Haley B. Keene
Master of Urban and Regional Planning Capstone Projects
Riverview Community Park began as an illegal DIY skatepark in the Maymont neighborhood of Richmond, Virginia. Now, although it is a city park, it is still entirely managed by volunteer community groups (skateboarders, the neighborhood Civic League, and a community garden) who view the park as a creative, experimental community-led spatial project. Due to a dearth of communication between the three groups, the park has suffered political strife between the groups and a chaotic physical atmosphere. This plan utilizes a commons governance framework and participatory, asset-based community design to usher in a new era of enhanced collaboration, common narratives, and …
Richmond Watts For Families: An Action Plan To Bring Multifamily Community Solar To The City Of Richmond, Daniel P. Rafferty
Richmond Watts For Families: An Action Plan To Bring Multifamily Community Solar To The City Of Richmond, Daniel P. Rafferty
Master of Urban and Regional Planning Capstone Projects
Seeking to advance community solar energy for multifamily residents within the City of Richmond, Virginia, the Richmond Watts for Families (WFF) is a plan to guide the city in developing robust multifamily community solar program(s). Community (shared) solar has emerged as an alternative approach to traditional rooftop solar energy by allowing customers to subscribe to a portion of a solar array that is shared among other subscribers, which has the opportunity to increase participation by marginalized communities and those currently without the financial or physical means to install solar This plan aids the city in implementing its recently adopted climate …
Revitalize Wakefield: Charting A Course For Growth, Bannon T. Luckert
Revitalize Wakefield: Charting A Course For Growth, Bannon T. Luckert
Master of Urban and Regional Planning Capstone Projects
This plan focuses on discovering the objectives and aspirations of residents and merchants to formulate a revitalization strategy comprising actionable steps that will contribute to the flourishing of a rural downtown. By leveraging Wakefield's rich history and existing assets, this plan aims to help realize the vision of revitalizing Wakefield.
The Green Infrastructure Network: Mapping Hopewell's Social & Natural Assets, Derek J. Cathcart
The Green Infrastructure Network: Mapping Hopewell's Social & Natural Assets, Derek J. Cathcart
Master of Urban and Regional Planning Capstone Projects
This capstone plan provides a map of the network of physical green infrastructure (GI) and the actors involved in GI projects in Hopewell. Green Infrastructure is mapped spatially with GIS and distinguishes between the various forms of GI present in the city. A network map visualizes the relationships between actors and their relationships with GI in Hopewell. This plan analyzes Hopewell’s GI network of social-ecological assets and their relative interactions. While the capstone plan is not a resilience plan on its own, it fosters resilience in Hopewell by connecting actors like city departments, state agencies, residents, business owners, and local …