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Articles 1 - 30 of 67
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Tanf Work Policy Influences On Family Behaviors And Child Development, Robert William Sturgill Jr
Tanf Work Policy Influences On Family Behaviors And Child Development, Robert William Sturgill Jr
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
There has been a lack of research on how work participation policies have impacted child development through their influences on family decisions. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to explore the perspectives of families toward TANF work participation policies, discover how those policies have influenced family behaviors, and analyze how those policy-behavior phenomena have impacted child development. First, the literature review showed that families with chronic welfare dependency had negative impacts on child development. The research showed that when TANF work participation policies were unenforced or income limits were too low, some recipients worked less and persisted in …
Impact Of The Personal Responsibility And Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (Prwora) On Family Functions, Benjamin Little
Impact Of The Personal Responsibility And Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (Prwora) On Family Functions, Benjamin Little
Merge
This paper attempts to provide an in depth look into the long-term affect that the policy, The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 has had on families of non-violent drug offenders.
Strengthening Snap And Tanf Is Essential To Support Children In Early Childhood, Colleen Heflin, Michah W. Rothbart, Mattie Mackenzie-Liu
Strengthening Snap And Tanf Is Essential To Support Children In Early Childhood, Colleen Heflin, Michah W. Rothbart, Mattie Mackenzie-Liu
Population Health Research Brief Series
Although early childhood is considered a critical time for investment in a child’s life, the United States lacks many traditional family policy programs like paid family leave and widely subsidized daycare. Instead, the U.S. relies on means-tested programs such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). This brief summarizes findings from a study examining participation in SNAP and TANF in early childhood in Virginia. Findings suggest that strengthening SNAP and TANF would provide significant benefit to Black and Hispanic children and those residing in rural areas.
Abc County’S Welfare-To-Work (Wtw) Program Participation Rate, Alberto Banuelos
Abc County’S Welfare-To-Work (Wtw) Program Participation Rate, Alberto Banuelos
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Welfare-to-work (WTW) programs are an essential part of societal assistance made available to families in need. In ABC County, CA, problems have been found with the implementation and success rates of their WTW program: Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF). Even with funds allotted for the program, ABC County has not been able to design a WTW program that meets the TANF program work participation requirement of 50% of active TANF recipients in a WTW activity. The purpose of this study was to address this need as it related to the TANF program specifically. A qualitative, exploratory, single case study …
Calworks Participation And Poverty Rates In Multigenerational Families, Destiny Wray Lovato
Calworks Participation And Poverty Rates In Multigenerational Families, Destiny Wray Lovato
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The State of California aids more than a million individuals under the California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program at a cost of billions of dollars each year. Although adult recipients are given supportive services and offered various programs in a motivational attempt to achieve self-sufficiency, the needs of children, who are the highest population group living in poverty, are not currently addressed. The absence of programs and services targeted to children may perpetuate the generational cycle of poverty. Yet researchers have not yet examined the underlying reasons behind multiple generations receiving CalWORKs and the continuation of poverty …
Pathways To Careers In Health Care, Christopher T. King Editor, Philip Young P. Hong Editor
Pathways To Careers In Health Care, Christopher T. King Editor, Philip Young P. Hong Editor
Upjohn Press
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act passed by Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama in 2010 effected major changes in the financing and delivery of health care in the United States. It also authorized creation of the Health Profession Opportunity Grants program (HPOG), a demonstration effort within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to provide opportunities for education and training that lead to jobs and career advancement in health care for recipients of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and other low-income individuals and to respond to the increasing demand for health care professionals. …
Essays On Child Well-Being And The Social Safety Net, Cody N. Vaughn
Essays On Child Well-Being And The Social Safety Net, Cody N. Vaughn
Theses and Dissertations--Economics
This dissertation consists of three essays examining the role of two particular social safety net programs, the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), on the well-being of children from disadvantaged households. While the impact of these programs on the adults and parents of the household have been studied extensively, less is known about their effect on children. This is true for both their immediate impact on child well-being and any long-run impacts on children who grow up under these programs. Given the demonstrated importance of child well-being on later life adult outcomes, …
Strategies For Increasing Self-Efficacy In Long-Term Welfare Recipients, Crystal Mcclure
Strategies For Increasing Self-Efficacy In Long-Term Welfare Recipients, Crystal Mcclure
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
With the imposition of lifetime limitations on an individual's ability to receive cash assistance, there is a group of long-term Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) recipients that have approached the lifetime limitation without becoming gainfully employed. Many long term TANF recipients report low levels of self-efficacy which inhibits their ability to successfully transition off welfare and into the workforce. However, most welfare-to-work programs do not address the emotional or psychological well-being of their clients, instead they focus on job placement and job readiness skills. The purpose of this sequential–exploratory mixed methods study is to identify the primary barriers to …
Impact Of Temporary Assistance For Needy Families On Poverty Rates In Kansas, Carla Green
Impact Of Temporary Assistance For Needy Families On Poverty Rates In Kansas, Carla Green
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The impact of the length of time that Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) recipients receive benefits on their path out of poverty is not clear. The purpose of this qualitative study with a phenomenological design was to increase understanding of the comparative experiences of TANF recipients who reached their lifetime limit of 60 or 24 months to determine the impact of time limits on their path out of poverty and the fulfillment of the TANF goal and second purpose. Human capital theory provided the framework for the study. Using a purposive, homogenous sampling method, 6 social service professionals were …
Tanf Funding Allocation Differences In Red Vs. Blue States: Emphasis On Out-Of-Wedlock Births And Divorces, Camille Mindrum
Tanf Funding Allocation Differences In Red Vs. Blue States: Emphasis On Out-Of-Wedlock Births And Divorces, Camille Mindrum
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The 1996 welfare reforms were part of a bipartisan consensus led by Democratic President Bill Clinton and a Republican Congress about the downfalls of the existing United States welfare system. Under these reforms, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) replaced Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), which was an entitlement program that had been in effect since 1935. Similar to AFDC, TANF intended to serve as a safety net that provides cash assistance to needy families, but it also aimed to reduce government dependence by attempting to instill values in welfare recipients through stricter work requirements and eligibility criteria. …
Perceptions Among African American Women Welfare Recipients In Advocating For Welfare Reform, Linda Denise Scope
Perceptions Among African American Women Welfare Recipients In Advocating For Welfare Reform, Linda Denise Scope
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act (PRWORA) significantly affected many families by changing public assistance from an entitlement program to a work program for recipients and imposing a 60 month maximum period for receiving assistance. Unanticipated outcomes created deleterious results for many single parents. This multiple case study explored the experiences of four African American single mothers in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States receiving assistance regarding welfare reform, the welfare system and their perceptions of welfare advocacy. Black feminist and empowerment theories framed the study to examine how welfare policy changes affected African American women's families …
Punishment, Pathology Or Possibility: Caseworker Discretion, Mental Illness, And Welfare Sanctions, Andrew Kishel
Punishment, Pathology Or Possibility: Caseworker Discretion, Mental Illness, And Welfare Sanctions, Andrew Kishel
Master of Social Work Clinical Research Papers
This study was designed to explore the ways that caseworkers in the Minnesota Family Investment Program (MFIP) make decisions in situations of client noncompliance. The research question was: what factors impact the decision-making of MFIP caseworkers around the question of noncompliance? Ten in-person interviews were conducted, recorded, coded and analyzed. Caseworkers identified that client noncompliance can be caused by mental illness or environmental factors in clients’ lives such as lack of community capital and transportation infrastructure or domestic violence. Caseworkers also identified that client noncompliance is frequently caused by factors internal to the MFIP bureaucracy, which clients have little influence …
A Systematic Review Of The Primary Material Hardships Of Post-Welfare Reform Tanf Recipients, Matthew Schwer
A Systematic Review Of The Primary Material Hardships Of Post-Welfare Reform Tanf Recipients, Matthew Schwer
Master of Social Work Clinical Research Papers
Through this research, I sought to better understand how TANF recipients in the post-welfare reform US experience the material hardships of housing instability, unemployment, and phone disconnection. I hypothesized that TANF under-serves its recipients, and needs strengthening to truly alleviate material hardships. I used a systematic review design to strengthen my understanding of these hardships. Systematic reviews seek to answer a specific question by gathering, analyzing, and synthesizing pre-existing research, across different types of studies, related to the question. This review incorporates research found on social work related search engines and research institutes, always involving the population of current and …
(Anti)Poverty Measures Exposed, Francine J. Lipman
(Anti)Poverty Measures Exposed, Francine J. Lipman
Scholarly Works
Few economic indicators have more salience and pervasive financial impact on everyday lives in the United States than poverty measures. Nevertheless, policymakers, researchers, advocates, and legislators generally do not understand the details of poverty measure mechanics. These detailed mechanics shape and reshape poverty measures and the too often uninformed responses and remedies. This Article will build a bridge from personal portraits of families living in poverty to the resource allocations that failed them by exposing the specific detailed mechanics underlying the Census Bureau’s official (OPM) and supplemental poverty measures (SPM). Too often, when we confront the problem of poverty, the …
Welfare Dependency And Work Ethic: A Quantitative And Qualitative Assessment, Yvonne M. Christopher
Welfare Dependency And Work Ethic: A Quantitative And Qualitative Assessment, Yvonne M. Christopher
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
This study examined relationships between work ethic and welfare dependency. The 65-item Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile (MWEP) (Miller, Woehr, & Hudspeth, 2002) and the 28-item MWEP (Meriac, Woehr, Gorman, & Thomas, 2013) with attached socioeconomic surveys were administered to n=338 and n=247 adult subjects, respectively. A negative correlation between the two variables was anticipated, so that as levels of agreement with work ethic increase, reported use of welfare benefits decrease. After running correlation matrices to examine Pearson’s r, hierarchical regressions were conducted, culminating in a model which partially predicts the connection between the variables. Bivariate analyses for the 65-item MWEP …
Exploring The Conflicts Within Carceral Feminism: A Call To Revocalize The Women Who Continue To Suffer, Krishna De La Cruz
Exploring The Conflicts Within Carceral Feminism: A Call To Revocalize The Women Who Continue To Suffer, Krishna De La Cruz
The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice
Abstract forthcoming.
Uncontrolled Experiments From The Laboratories Of Democracy: Traditional Cash Welfare, Federalism, And Welfare Reform, Jonah B. Gelbach
Uncontrolled Experiments From The Laboratories Of Democracy: Traditional Cash Welfare, Federalism, And Welfare Reform, Jonah B. Gelbach
All Faculty Scholarship
In this chapter I discuss the history and basic incentive effects of two key U.S. cash assistance programs aimed at families with children. Starting roughly in the 1980s, critics of the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program argued that the program -- designed largely to cut relatively small checks -- failed to end poverty or promote work. After years of federally provided waivers that allowed states to experiment with changes to their AFDC programs, the critics in 1996 won the outright elimination of AFDC. It was replaced by the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) program, over which …
Research Brief On Eti Child Care Studies, John Pawasarat, Lois M. Quinn
Research Brief On Eti Child Care Studies, John Pawasarat, Lois M. Quinn
ETI Publications
Employment and Training Institute surveys of central city Milwaukee workers consistently identified two areas as barriers to employment: child care and transportation to jobs. The Institute studied child care issues in-depth over 20 years to assist Milwaukee County in effectively addressing employment needs of unemployed and underutilized workers.
Should Ui Eligibility Be Expanded To Low-Earning Workers? Evidence On Employment, Transfer Receipt, And Income From Administrative Data, Pauline Leung, Christopher J. O'Leary
Should Ui Eligibility Be Expanded To Low-Earning Workers? Evidence On Employment, Transfer Receipt, And Income From Administrative Data, Pauline Leung, Christopher J. O'Leary
Christopher J. O'Leary
Recent efforts to expand unemployment insurance (UI) eligibility are expected to increase low-earning workers’ access to UI. Although the expansion’s aim is to smooth the income and consumption of previously ineligible workers, it is possible that UI benefits simply displace other sources of income. Standard economic models predict that UI delays reemployment, thereby reducing wage income. Additionally, low-earning workers are often eligible for benefits from means-tested programs, which may decrease with UI benefits. In this paper, we estimate the impact of UI eligibility on employment, means-tested program participation, and income after job loss using a unique individual-level administrative data set …
Use Of Unemployment Insurance And Public Employment Services After Leaving Welfare, Christopher J. O'Leary
Use Of Unemployment Insurance And Public Employment Services After Leaving Welfare, Christopher J. O'Leary
Christopher J. O'Leary
In this paper I examine the rates at which adults in households recently receiving Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) become jobless, apply for and receive unemployment insurance (UI) benefits, and participate in publicly funded employment services. I also investigate the correlation of UI and employment services receipt with maintenance of self-sufficiency through return to work and independence from TANF. The analysis is based on person-level administrative program records from four of the nine largest states between 1997 and 2003. Evidence suggests that three-quarters of new TANF leavers experience joblessness within three years, and one-quarter of the newly jobless apply …
Federal Advances To Support Grandfamilies, Ana Beltran
Federal Advances To Support Grandfamilies, Ana Beltran
GrandFamilies: The Contemporary Journal of Research, Practice and Policy
It is the year of grandfamilies in our nation’s capital. Not since the mid-1990s has there been so much activity among federal lawmakers and policymakers to try to help all grandfamilies, both those within and outside the foster care system. In August 2015, a major piece of legislation was introduced in Congress, which would make holistic reforms to our nation’s child welfare financing system. For the first time, child welfare funds could be used to provide supportive services to parents and grandfamilies outside the system, so children do not have to enter it. For those children who are removed from …
Should Ui Eligibility Be Expanded To Low-Earning Workers? Evidence On Employment, Transfer Receipt, And Income From Administrative Data, Pauline Leung, Christopher J. O'Leary
Should Ui Eligibility Be Expanded To Low-Earning Workers? Evidence On Employment, Transfer Receipt, And Income From Administrative Data, Pauline Leung, Christopher J. O'Leary
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Recent efforts to expand unemployment insurance (UI) eligibility are expected to increase low-earning workers’ access to UI. Although the expansion’s aim is to smooth the income and consumption of previously ineligible workers, it is possible that UI benefits simply displace other sources of income. Standard economic models predict that UI delays reemployment, thereby reducing wage income. Additionally, low-earning workers are often eligible for benefits from means-tested programs, which may decrease with UI benefits. In this paper, we estimate the impact of UI eligibility on employment, means-tested program participation, and income after job loss using a unique individual-level administrative data set …
Use Of Unemployment Insurance And Public Employment Services After Leaving Welfare, Christopher J. O'Leary
Use Of Unemployment Insurance And Public Employment Services After Leaving Welfare, Christopher J. O'Leary
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
In this paper I examine the rates at which adults in households recently receiving Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) become jobless, apply for and receive unemployment insurance (UI) benefits, and participate in publicly funded employment services. I also investigate the correlation of UI and employment services receipt with maintenance of self-sufficiency through return to work and independence from TANF. The analysis is based on person-level administrative program records from four of the nine largest states between 1997 and 2003. Evidence suggests that three-quarters of new TANF leavers experience joblessness within three years, and one-quarter of the newly jobless apply …
Ui As A Safety Net For Former Tanf Recipients: Final Report, Christopher J. O'Leary, Kenneth J. Kline
Ui As A Safety Net For Former Tanf Recipients: Final Report, Christopher J. O'Leary, Kenneth J. Kline
Christopher J. O'Leary
No abstract provided.
Use Of Unemployment Insurance And Employment Services By Newly Unemployed Leavers From Temporary Assistance For Needy Families: Final Report, Christopher J. O'Leary, Kenneth J. Kline
Use Of Unemployment Insurance And Employment Services By Newly Unemployed Leavers From Temporary Assistance For Needy Families: Final Report, Christopher J. O'Leary, Kenneth J. Kline
Christopher J. O'Leary
This study examines participation in Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Employment Services (ES) by adults who received cash welfare benefits through Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Among those who leave TANF for employment, we measure the rates of subsequent unemployment, application for UI, eligibility for and receipt of UI benefits, and the use of Wagner-Peyser funded ES. We also investigate the correlations between UI and ES services receipt with reemployment and future independence from TANF. The analysis is based on person-level administrative program records from four of the nine most populated states between 1997 and 2003. Evidence suggests that three-quarters …
Unemployment After Welfare Reform, Christopher J. O'Leary
Unemployment After Welfare Reform, Christopher J. O'Leary
Christopher J. O'Leary
No abstract provided.
Use Of Ui And Es By Recent Tanf Leavers, Christopher J. O'Leary
Use Of Ui And Es By Recent Tanf Leavers, Christopher J. O'Leary
Christopher J. O'Leary
No abstract provided.
When Work Is Not Enough: State And Federal Policies To Support Needy Workers By Robert P. Stoker And Laura A. Wilson, Timothy Bartik
When Work Is Not Enough: State And Federal Policies To Support Needy Workers By Robert P. Stoker And Laura A. Wilson, Timothy Bartik
Timothy J. Bartik
No abstract provided.
Social Policy Shifts And The Relationship Between Snap Workers And Their Clients, Latrese Annette Monden
Social Policy Shifts And The Relationship Between Snap Workers And Their Clients, Latrese Annette Monden
Master's Theses
In an effort to better understand how federal social policy changes shape the ways in which public service workers assist their clients in obtaining food benefits through Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Programs (SNAP), previously known as food stamps, this study uses ethnography and interviews to capture the experiences of workers and their clients. Specifically, it examines how public service workers implement new policies while maintaining their professional identities and responding to the mission of their organization. These goals may be in tension. The key findings are that workers do not resist changes in policy because of the limitations of their job …
Welfare And Crime Revisited : Beyond Yea Or Nay, Colin Gruner
Welfare And Crime Revisited : Beyond Yea Or Nay, Colin Gruner
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The criminological literature has found that welfare is negatively associated with crime, but few studies have tested this association with data from after the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act (PRWORA) passed in 1996. PRWORA fundamentally altered the structure of the U.S. welfare state. The goals of this dissertation were to identify the research and theories on welfare and crime and test whether the relationship has changed since PRWORA. A review of the literature showed that there were several lines of research on welfare and crime but no studies drawing on the full extent of the welfare-crime literature. After combining …