Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Hidden Struggle: Challenges Older Women Face In Nevada, Annie Vong

Student Research

In 2020, almost one in five Nevadans was over the age of 65.[1] However, within this age group, women outnumber men due to longer life expectancies[2] and migration patterns. Women over 65 years of age make up an estimated 18.1% of the female population in Nevada.[3] Of the male population in Nevada, 15.1% are over 65 years of age.[4] Older women are less likely to be married, are less likely to have completed a bachelor’s degree, are more likely to drop out of the labor force, and are more likely to be living in poverty in …

An Unsung American Hero: A Case Study Of Frances Perkins's Servant-Leadership And Its Modern Impact, Jeffrey Coats

Servant Leadership: Theory & Practice

Francis Perkins was one of the most influential servant-leaders of the 20th Century and may be considered an “unsung hero” for her trailblazing efforts to help marginalized groups: the poor, senior citizens, laborers, the unemployed and children. So much of American’s daily lives and what millions of Americans utilize and depend upon (e.g. a 40-hour workweek, overtime pay, unemployment insurance) is a direct result of her life’s work. Yet, she has often been omitted from History books and many Americans may have never heard of her. This article examines her servant-leadership characteristics and the actions that resulted from her being …

Time-Inconsistent Preferences And The Welfare Effects Of Financing Unfunded Social Security With Consumption Taxation, Emily E. Sorensen

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

A sizable body of evidence suggests that individuals make retirement preparation plans for the future, but then they persistently fail to follow through and prepare adequately to fund their retirement. In parallel, observational and experimental evidence suggests that people discount the future hyperbolically, and a hyperbolic discount function leads to inadequate preparation for retirement in modeling applications. In this paper, I construct a life-cycle model of consumption, saving, and intensive labor supply in which the representative individual possesses a hyperbolic discount function. The model exhibits time-inconsistent dynamic optimization as the individual persistently formulates, breaks, and then re-formulates consumption, saving, and …

Aplikasi Model Arima Pada Iuran Premi Jkk, Fia Fridayanti Adam

Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis Terapan (JABT)

Social security is a form of social protection to ensure that all people can meet their basic needs for a decent life. One type of social security program is the Work Accident Insurance (Jaminan Kecelakaan Kerja, JKK). The JKK is held with the aim of ensuring that participants receive health care benefits and cash compensation if a worker has a work accident or suffers from an occupational disease. The amount of the JKK premium contribution is a certain percentage of wages or income which is then deposited by the employer to the social security administering agency. Because the organizing body …

Paradigm In Social Security Measures: Impetus For Policy Reform In Zimbabwe, Locary Kuponandishe Hlabanu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This study was intended to address lack of knowledge regarding how the social security system in Zimbabwe is perceived by recipients and government employees and what policy reforms could be sought. The study explored perceptions of participants regarding the existing social security system in Zimbabwe. The welfare state theory guided the detailed inquiry. A qualitative case study research design was used to extract feelings, thoughts, and intentions of recipients of social security and government employees and to explore how the results could be applied to improve social security policy in Zimbabwe. Data were collected from a nonrandom purposefully selected sample …

Poverty And Social Security Experiences In Australia: Experiences Of Wellbeing For Recipients Of The 2020 Jobseeker Payment, Kira Huntley

Theses : Honours

The relationship between poverty caused by social security payments below the poverty line and poor wellbeing among recipients has long been established in academic research. In April 2020, recipients of Australia’s main unemployment benefit, Newstart, were temporarily lifted out of poverty due to their transition onto JobSeeker, a payment implemented to support Australian workers affected by the coronavirus pandemic lockdowns in the first wave of the pandemic in 2020. This study sought to understand the experiences of wellbeing that receiving this increased payment and being embedded within a change policy framework engendered for participants who transitioned from Newstart to JobSeeker. …

The Role Of Earnings, Pharmaceutical Innovation, And Unemployment On Ssdi : Analysis Using Merged Sipp/Administrative Data, Angela Vanderwerken

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Since the inception of the Social Security Administration's Disability Insurance (SSDI) program in 1956, policy makers have grappled with the moral hazard problem present in a program offering payments to workers who leave the labor force due to disability. Disincentives exist for beneficiaries to return to work and earn more than the program-allowable level of income. Some insured workers may overestimate the severity of their impairment and underestimate their ability to work in order to qualify for and retain SSDI payments and the accompanying Medicare insurance benefits. While other measures of health outcomes have experienced noticeable improvement due to technological …

Social Security And Medicare Spending Growth: Is It Just More Seniors Or More Per Senior?, John Garen

Institute for the Study of Free Enterprise Working Papers

Long-term federal budget forecasts show sizable increases in federal spending in the coming decades. This is concerning to those who worry that the growth of government will diminish incentives, reduce productivity, and limit economic growth. A large share of the forecasted increase in spending is due to Social Security and Medicare. This paper considers how much of this increase is simply due to the growth in the eligible population and how much is due to growth in spending per beneficially. The findings show both the former and the latter account for sizable shares of the growth. Thus, there is room …

Analyzing The Presence Of State-Run Retirement Plans For Private Sector Employees, Ruthann Froberg

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

State-run retirement plans for non-covered private sector employees are a rapidly growing area of state policy. Since 2010, the majority of states in the U.S. have moved to either examine, enact, or implement these plans. This policy intends to increase private savings in an effort to reduce future reliance on public assistance and Social Security. Despite the current public policy interest, there is a lack of research evaluating the impact of plans or common state characteristics that are associated movement in this policy area. This capstone focuses on answering the latter question. Using state-level demographic, pension, welfare, and policy data, …

Social Medicine And International Expert Networks In Latin America, 1930–1945, Eric D. Carter

Faculty Publications

This paper examines the international networks that influenced ideas and policy in social medicine in the 1930s and 1940s in Latin America, focusing on institutional networks organised by the League of Nations Health Organization, the International Labour Organization, and the Pan-American Sanitary Bureau. After examining the architecture of these networks, this paper traces their influence on social and health policy in two policy domains: social security and nutrition. Closer scrutiny of a series of international conferences and local media accounts of them reveals that international networks were not just ‘conveyor belts’ for policy ideas from the industrialised countries of the …

2017-21 The Redistributive Role Of Government Social Security Transfers On Inequality In China, Meng Cai, Ximing Yue

Centre for Human Capital and Productivity. CHCP Working Papers

No abstract provided.

Achieving Public Long-Term Care Insurance Through Social Security Wealth: Microsimulation For The Us Case, Alexandre Genest

Dissertations - ALL

The risk of needing long-term care (LTC) at some point in one's life is non-negligible, and the cost of care–whether in formal or informal settings– can be prohibitive for many seniors. In fact LTC is sometimes labeled the last major uninsured expense for seniors in the United States. The majority of LTC costs are currently borne by Medicaid and out-of-pocket spending, while private insurance coverage remains minimal. The take-up of private insurance among American seniors has remained low, in part because of the large (and growing) cost of premiums, as well as the presence of Medicaid. As the payer of …

Learning In The Public Sector: Evaluation Of The Ssa Title Iv-E Intervention Program Of Virginia Department Of Social Services, Mohan P. Pokharel, Niraj Poudyal, Nabin Baral

Journal of Public Management & Social Policy

Organizational learning has attracted both scholars and practitioners for decades, but the public sector has rarely been the focus for empirical investigation. We conducted a summative evaluation of the Social Security Act Title IV-E program to take stock of organizational learning in local level public sector service organizations in Virginia. We chose this case for scholarly investigation because it affords an opportunity to uniquely contribute to discovering learning constraints in public sector organizations. We used mixed methods to collect quantitative data on the monthly penetration rate (ratio of federal to state funding) from 2001 to 2006 and qualitative data generated …

Prosperity In The On-Demand Economy: Reinvigorating The American Labor Force, Ziya Mehmet Smallens

Honors Papers

In the 21st century, the American labor market is best defined by instability. Since the 1970s, more and more Americans have been forced into precarious work arrangements that fail to ensure job security, livable wage-rates, or employee satisfaction. A dark cloud swirls around the labor market in the form of contingent work. Contingent workers are not guaranteed the same protections and securities as traditional employees. Firms revel in an employment landscape that allows them to deploy and terminate workers with ease. Contingent work has carved its own position in the economy in the form of the Gig economy. The Gig …

Deconstructing The Third Rail: An Analysis Of The Issue Of Poverty In The United States Through The Lens Of Social Security, Nikita Mehandru

CMC Senior Theses

The ongoing debate over welfare in the United States is rooted in the long-standing tension between the nation’s commitment to providing for its most vulnerable and a deep-seated belief that such support can corrupt its recipients. Social Security has struck this balance and appeals to the masses with its pay-as-you-go system and universally distributed benefits. Yet, the solvency of Social Security is threatening the program that has attempted to guard against old age and disability for the last eighty years. This paper examines how the perception of poverty in the United States is a hindrance when tackling social welfare policies. …

Processing Disability, Jasmine E. Harris

All Faculty Scholarship

This Article argues that the practice of holding so many adjudicative proceedings related to disability in private settings (e.g., guardianship, special education due process, civil commitment, and social security) relative to our strong normative presumption of public access to adjudication may cultivate and perpetuate stigma in contravention of the goals of inclusion and enhanced agency set forth in antidiscrimination laws. Descriptively, the law has a complicated history with disability — initially rendering disability invisible, later, legitimizing particular narratives of disability synonymous with incapacity, and, in recent history, advancing full socio-economic visibility of people with disabilities. The Americans with Disabilities Act, …

Impact Of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (Mgnrega) On Rural Labour Markets, D Narasimha Reddy, A Amarender Reddy, Nagaraj N, Bantilan Mcs

A Amarender Reddy

This study has evaluated the differentiating impact of MGNREGA on the extent of fulfilment of the basic entitlements such as days of employment, wages and earnings and the extent of coverage of social groups like dalits, adivasis and women and poverty alleviation. This study has disaggregated state level data to discern the factors that make a difference to the performance. Also some micro level scenarios are presented based on the reports of focus group discussions (FGDs) in the villages of Andhra Pradesh. There is growing evidence of an increase in agricultural wages across the country over the period between 2006-07 …

Privatizing Railroad Retirement, Steven A. Sass

Upjohn Press

Sass discusses the evolution of the U.S. Railroad Retirement System and whether its ability to invest its assets in private equities offers any lessons for Social Security.

The Effects Of Financing Unfunded Social Security With Consumption Taxation When Consumers Are Shortsighted, Michael P. Clagg

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Using a representative-agent life-cycle model with consumer shortsightedness, I study an unfunded social security program financed via consumption taxation. Compared to financing an unfunded program with payroll taxation, I find that there is only a slight increase in well-being across planning horizons that is generated by a program with a consumption tax.

We suggest that both our data and the available time-series evidence are consistent with Milton Friedman's view that people save to smooth consumption over several years but, because of liquidity constraints, caution, or shortsighted-ness do not seek to smooth consumption over longer horizons. . . . Indeed, Milton …

Carter, Tim Lee, 1910-1987 (Mss 80), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

MSS Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Manuscripts Collection 80. Correspondence, photographs, audiotapes, film, clippings, general office files, and records of legislative proceedings relating to the political career of Tim Lee Carter, U.S. Representative (Republican) for Kentucky's Fifth Congressional District, 1965-1981.

2013-1 Health Insurance, Annuities, And Public Policy, Kai Zhao

Department of Economics Research Reports

No abstract provided.

The Broken Safety Net: A Study Of Earned Income Tax Credit Recipients And A Proposal For Repair, Sara Sternberg Greene

Faculty Scholarship

The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is the largest federal antipoverty program in the United States and garners almost universal bipartisan support from politicians, legal scholars, and other commentators. However, assessments of the EITC missed an imperative perspective: that of EITC recipients themselves. Past work relies on largely unconfirmed assumptions about the behaviors and needs of low-income families. This Article provides a novel assessment of the EITC based on original data obtained directly from 194 EITC recipients through in-depth qualitative interviews. The findings are troubling: They show that while the EITC has important advantages over welfare, which it has largely …

Tingkat Kepuasan Karyawan Perusahaan Swasta Dalam Pelayanan Jaminan Sosial Tenaga Kerja (Jamsostek), Matias Siagian

Kesmas

Penelitian ini berbentuk penelitian deskriptif yang mengkaji masalah pelaksanaan program Jaminan Sosial Tenaga Kerja (Jamsostek) sebagai hak karyawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat kepuasan karyawan yang bermukim di desa Mulyorejo, sebuah desa industri, dalam pelayanan Jamsostek khususnya Jaminan Pemeliharaan Kesehatan, Jaminan Kecelakaan Kerja, dan Jaminan Kematian. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 70 keluarga karyawan peserta Jamsostek. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Tingkat kepuasan karyawan diukur dengan skala likert. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan, secara umum pelayanan Jamsostek belum memuaskan. Sosialisasi belum memuaskan karyawan. Dari tiga pelayanan yang diteliti, hanya satu yang memuaskan, yaitu Jaminan Kematian, sedangkan pelayanan …

Theodor Lohmann, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Theodor Lohmann was a 19th century German administrative lawyer, civil servant and social reformer, second in importance only to Otto von Bismarck in the formation of the German social insurance system. He was also extensively involved in German private social reform.

The Quest For Universal Health Coverage: Achieving Social Protection For All In Mexico, Felicia Marie Knaul, Eduardo GonzáLez-Pier, Octavio GóMez-DantéS, David GarcíA-Junco, HéCtor Arreola-Ornelas, Mariana Barraza-LloréNs, Rosa Sandoval,, Francisco Caballero, Mauricio HernáNdez-Avila, Mercedes Juan, David Kershenobich, Gustavo Nigenda, Enrique Ruelas, Jaime SepúLveda, Roberto Tapia, Guillermo SoberóN, SalomóN Chertorivski, Julio Frenk

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

Mexico is reaching universal health coverage in 2012. A national health insurance programme called Seguro Popular, introduced in 2003, is providing access to a package of comprehensive health services with financial protection for more than 50 million Mexicans previously excluded from insurance. Universal coverage in Mexico is synonymous with social protection of health. This report analyses the road to universal coverage along three dimensions of protection: against health risks, for patients through quality assurance of health care, and against the financial consequences of disease and injury. We present a conceptual discussion of the transition from labour-based social security to social …

Reforming Social Security And Social Safety Net Programs In Developing Countries, Gary Fields, Olivia Mitchell

Gary S Fields

[Excerpt] Developing country governments around the world, as well as the development agencies advising them, have become increasingly alarmed about the cost of social security systems and social safety net programs and economic inefficiencies resulting from these programs' operation. Taken together, both social security and safety net programs may be jointly referred to as "economic security programs". In this paper we identify the main sources of economic insecurity facing developing country populations, highlight the ways in which existing social safety net and social security programs meet (or fail to meet) these risks, and draw out some high-priority reforms required to …

Essays On Population Aging And Social Security In The U.S., Shantanu Bagchi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Over the past few decades, falling birth rates and increasing life expectancies have threatened the viability of social security programs all across the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). In this dissertation, I attempt to shed some light on the extent of the crisis that the social security program in the United States (U.S.) currently faces, and I also recommend one possible reform policy. In the first essay, I provide an alternative estimate of the impact of population aging on the future social security benefits in the U.S., while accounting for the household-level and macroeconomic adjustments to population aging. …

Two-Sided Altruism, Social Insurance And Elderly Consumption, Yangyi Shan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The purpose of this project is to examine the interaction of social insurance programs and family support for financing the elderly's consumption in an environment when agents exhibit two-sided altruism.

Generosity Of Jordanian Pension System:Equity Vs. Adequacy Measures, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Market Valuation Of Accrued Social Security Benefits, John Geanakoplos, Stephen P. Zeldes

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

One measure of the health of the Social Security system is the difference between the market value of the trust fund and the present value of benefits accrued to date. How should present values be computed for this calculation in light of future uncertainties? We think it is important to use market value. Since claims on accrued benefits are not currently traded in financial markets, we cannot directly observe a market value. In this paper, we use a model to estimate what the market price for these claims would be if they were traded. In valuing such claims, the key …