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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Essays On Anti-Discrimination Legislation Enforcement And Sex-Based Discrimination In U.S. Labor Markets, Carly Mccann
Essays On Anti-Discrimination Legislation Enforcement And Sex-Based Discrimination In U.S. Labor Markets, Carly Mccann
Doctoral Dissertations
This project focuses on gender and anti-discrimination legislation enforcement in U.S. labor markets. In this dissertation, I examine the efficacy of existing legal and political institutions in place to redress employer sex discrimination. This work provides new understandings of sex discrimination by focusing on the experiences of pregnant workers, an understudied population that continues to lack adequate workplace protections. My research utilizes new administrative data containing formal charges of discrimination filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to provide new insights into the workplace experiences of pregnant workers as well as employer responses to anti-discrimination enforcement. Chapter 1 analyzes …
Complicating Gender: Gender Inequality In Education And Employment, Skylar Davidson
Complicating Gender: Gender Inequality In Education And Employment, Skylar Davidson
Doctoral Dissertations
Sociologists have always acknowledged the complexity of gender, but despite acknowledging this complexity, much sociological research does not put this knowledge into practice; indeed, a great deal of research focuses on distinctions between men and women with regard to some other variable, reinforcing a narrow and binary understanding of gender. This tendency has two limitations: (1) it does not recognize the variability in men's and women's expression of masculinity and femininity; and (2) it does not recognize gender identities other than those of cisgender man and cisgender woman (i.e., transgender people). This study mitigates this limitation through telling a story …
By The Content Of Their Character? Discrimination, Social Identity, And Observed Distributions Of Income, Paulo L. Dos Santos, Noé Wiener
By The Content Of Their Character? Discrimination, Social Identity, And Observed Distributions Of Income, Paulo L. Dos Santos, Noé Wiener
PERI Working Papers
This paper develops a series of information-theoretic measures to consider the systemic effects on individual incomes of complex patterns of social and economic discrimination by race, ethnicity, and gender, in the U.S. It derives coefficients of joint, conditional or incremental, and mutual information that offer non-parametric characterizations of the relative influence of economic and social-identity characteristics in the determination of individual income for different groups. It reports on estimates of those coefficients obtained using large-scale cross- sectional data from that economy. Those estimates support two sets of conclusions. First, the informational significance of social identity in the determination of incomes …
Revisiting The Gender Wage Gap In Korea: Focusing On Working Hours By Occupation, Nayeon Lim, Minsik Choi
Revisiting The Gender Wage Gap In Korea: Focusing On Working Hours By Occupation, Nayeon Lim, Minsik Choi
PERI Working Papers
This paper explores the relationship between working hours and the residual gender wage gap in Korea. Because the labor practice of working long hours in Korea favors men, who tend to spend little time on domestic labor, long working hours can influence the residual gender wage gap by discriminating against women. We analyze this discrimination empirically using data from the wage structure parts of the Survey on Labor Conditions by Employment Types from 2009 to 2016, and find the following results. First, the returns from working long hours are not high in most occupations in Korea. Thus, long working hours …
Gender Inequality: Nonbinary Transgender People In The Workplace, Skylar Davidson
Gender Inequality: Nonbinary Transgender People In The Workplace, Skylar Davidson
Masters Theses
Most research on employment gender inequality focuses on differences between men and women, reinforcing a binary conception of gender. This study uses the National Transgender Discrimination Survey to evaluate the employment outcomes of nonbinary transgender people (those who identify as a gender other than man or woman). The results of this study suggest that being out as a nonbinary transgender person negatively affects nonbinary transgender people's employment outcomes. Though all transgender people have higher unemployment rates than the general population, outness has different effects on nonbinary transgender people based on sex assigned at birth, with those assigned male at birth …
Gender Inequality: Nonbinary Transgender People In The Workplace, Skylar Davidson
Gender Inequality: Nonbinary Transgender People In The Workplace, Skylar Davidson
Sociology Department Graduate Student Publication Series
This study uses the National Transgender Discrimination Survey to evaluate the employment outcomes of nonbinary transgender people (those who identify as a gender other than man or woman). Regression analyses indicate that being out as a nonbinary transgender person has different effects on nonbinary transgender people based on sex assigned at birth, with those assigned male at birth tending to be discriminated against in hiring but those assigned female at birth more likely to experience differential treatment once hired. Transgender women tend to have worse employment experiences than nonbinary transgender people and transgender men, the latter two tending to have …
Cultivating Color-Blindness?: The Impact Of Tv-Viewing, Racial Policy Reasoning, And Colorblind Racism On Opposition Toward Affirmative Action Policy, Carmella N. Stoddard
Cultivating Color-Blindness?: The Impact Of Tv-Viewing, Racial Policy Reasoning, And Colorblind Racism On Opposition Toward Affirmative Action Policy, Carmella N. Stoddard
Masters Theses
I examine the effect of television viewing and ideological orientations associated with “modern” racism such as minimization of the impact of racial discrimination and individual attribution on opposition toward preferential hiring of Blacks. Using cross-sectional General Social Survey (GSS) responses from U.S. adults between 2004 and 2010, I estimate ordered logistic regression models predicting attitudes toward preferential hiring of Blacks. Additionally, I compare agreement with key tenets of abstract liberalism to the findings of previous policy reasoning studies to determine the importance of these attitudes in predicting support for affirmative action policy. In this study, I aim to address the …
Erasing Class/ (Re)Creating Ethnicity: Jobs, Politics, Accumulation And Identity In Kenya, Mwangi Wa Githinji
Erasing Class/ (Re)Creating Ethnicity: Jobs, Politics, Accumulation And Identity In Kenya, Mwangi Wa Githinji
Economics Department Working Paper Series
A large literature on African economies argues that ethnicity plays a role in the politics and economics of African countries. Unfortunately, much of this literature is speculative or anecdotal because of the lack of data, with the exception of a few papers that examine ethnic networking as a business or employment strategy. In many ways Africa’s failure to develop is a failure of nationhood. Creating nation is handicapped by the use of ethnicity. In this paper, I empirically examine the relationship between employment, wages and ethnicity in Africa via a case study of Kenya. I challenge the pervasive view that …
Do Women Top Managers Help Women Advance? A Panel Study Using Eeo-1 Records, Fidan Ana Kurtulus, Donald Tomaskovic-Devey
Do Women Top Managers Help Women Advance? A Panel Study Using Eeo-1 Records, Fidan Ana Kurtulus, Donald Tomaskovic-Devey
Economics Department Working Paper Series
The goal of this study is to examine whether women in the highest levels of management ranks of firms help reduce barriers to advancement in the workplace faced by women. Using a panel of over 20,000 private-sector firms across all industries and states during 1990-2003 from the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, we explore the influence of women in top management on subsequent female representation in lower-level managerial positions in U.S. firms. Our key findings show that an increase in the share of female top managers is associated with subsequent increases in the share of women in mid-level management positions …
Do Women Top Managers Help Women Advance? A Panel Study Using Eeo-1 Records, Fidan A. Kurtulus, Donald Tomaskovic‐Devey
Do Women Top Managers Help Women Advance? A Panel Study Using Eeo-1 Records, Fidan A. Kurtulus, Donald Tomaskovic‐Devey
Fidan A Kurtulus
The goal of this study is to examine whether women in the highest levels of management ranks of firms help reduce barriers to advancement in the workplace faced by women. Using a panel of over 20,000 private-sector firms across all industries and states during 1990-2003 from the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, we explore the influence of women in top management on subsequent female representation in lowerlevel managerial positions in U.S. firms. Our key findings show that an increase in the share of female top managers is associated with subsequent increases in the share of women in mid-level management positions …
Credit Access, The Costs Of Credit And Credit Market Discrimination, Christian E. Weller
Credit Access, The Costs Of Credit And Credit Market Discrimination, Christian E. Weller
PERI Working Papers
Since the early 1990s, credit expanded relative to income, especially after 2001. It is hypothesized that traditionally uneven credit access and gaps in the costs of credit by demographic characteristics shrank during this period. Relying on data from the Federal Reserve’s Survey of Consumer Finance, this study looks at financial constraints, the costs of credit and a number of contributions to the costs of credit, including sources and types of loans. The results indicate that taste-based discrimination and structural discrimination may have persisted and possibly increased over time. Gaps in credit access and costs of credit have widened by race, …
Housing Equity Analysis Final Report, Center For Economic Development
Housing Equity Analysis Final Report, Center For Economic Development
Center for Economic Development Technical Reports
the Purpose of this study is to assess the impact of discrimination on rental housing opportunities in Massachusetts. We obtained information on the numbers and types of housing discrimination cases filed in Massachusetts with federal, state, and private non-profit fair housing organizations. A total of 3,431 complaints were reported in Massachusetts from the period of 1990 to April 1998. Our findings indicate clearly, that rental housing discrimination exist in the state of Massachusetts. One of the major problems that we found is the fact that most instances of housing discrimination do not get reported. Based on our work, we are …
Barbara, The Market, And The State, Nancy Folbre
Barbara, The Market, And The State, Nancy Folbre
Economics Department Faculty Publications Series
Some reflections, in poetry and prose, on Barbara Bergmann’s contributions to economic theory.