Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Mexico Consensus Economic Forecast, Volume 26, Number 3, Thomas M. Fullerton, Steven L. Fullerton

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

Multiracial Identity Integration: Components, Antecedents, And Consequences, Sheila Xi Rui Wee

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Existing research on multiracials has examined how multiracials develop different racial identities. However, empirical research on how multiracial manage and integrate their identities as well as its impact are limited. This dissertation examined key antecedents and consequences associated with the unique process that multiracials undergo to achieve a positive identity via Multiracial Identity Integration (MII). In Study 1, we examined the link between MII, psychological well-being, and cognitive capacity. Results revealed a positive association between MII and psychological well-being as well as some cognitive capacity outcomes. Study 2 replicated the same relationship between MII and psychological well-being/cognitive capacity outcomes. Additionally, …

No Interest In Being Cynical: Conflicting Versus Corresponding Interests Track Variability In The Link Between Personal Control And Cynicism, Bryan Kwok Cheng Choy

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Recent literature indicates that a lack of personal control negatively predicts (social) cynicism, a negative view of others as self-interested and exploitative (Stavrova & Ehlebracht, 2018a, 2019). Despite the ostensibly robust nature of this relationship, I propose that the strength of the link between personal control and cynicism could be more variable than extant findings have suggested. In particular, I argue that variability in the controlcynicism link may be tracked (i.e., moderated) by the extent to which actors in a situation have corresponding or conflicting interests, with the effect of control on cynicism being attenuated when actors are perceived to …

The Fear Of Being Idle: What It Is And How It Relates To Goal Pursuits, Verity Yu Qing Lua

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Modern society places a strong emphasis on making full use of one’s time and the aversion of idleness. While urging people to spend their time wisely can promote productivity and personal striving, an overemphasis on this ideal can also have detrimental effects on their sense of well-being. However, to date, there is limited research on individuals’ belief about aversion towards idle time – in part due to the lack of a measurement scale to assess such a disposition. Thus, the current work proposed a novel construct and measure—the fear of being idle (FOBI)—to capture the individual differences in affective responses …

Effect Of Leader-Member Exchange Social Comparison On Co-Worker’S Envy And Work Behavior Moderated By Perceived Deservingness Of Star Workers, Ronnie Ng

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

The extant leader-member exchange (LMX) literature suggests that leaders establish and develop different quality dyadic relationships with members in the same workgroup. High-quality LMX is argued as beneficial to employees. However, studies have overlooked the emotions and behaviors of low-quality LMX employees to determine how they differ from high-quality LMX employees. This study integrates LMX differentiation literature, social comparison theory and attributional theory to examine the role of LMX social comparison (LMXSC) perceptions in triggering help-seeking and knowledge hiding from star co-workers in the workplace. This study also explores the mediating role of dual envy, that is, benign and malicious …

Extreme Heat Vulnerability Among Older Adults: A Multi-Level Risk Index For Portland, Oregon, Jacklyn N. Kohon, Katsuya Tanaka, Dani Himes, Paula Carder, Eiji Toda, Bryant Carlson

Institute on Aging Publications

Background and Objectives

Extreme heat is an environmental health equity concern disproportionately impacting low-income older adults and people of color. Exposure factors, such as living in rental housing and lack of air conditioning, and sensitivity factors, such as chronic disease and social isolation, increase mortality risk among older adults. Older persons face multiple barriers to adaptive heat mitigation, particularly for those living in historically temperate climates. This study measures two heat vulnerability indices to identify areas and individuals most vulnerable to extreme heat and discusses opportunities to mitigate vulnerability among older adults.

Research Design and Methods

We constructed two heat …

Federal Agency Perspectives And Funding Opportunities For Weed And Invasive Plant Research, Stephen L. Young, James J. Kells, Vijay K. Nandula

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Weeds and invasive plants know no borders and have collectively impacted many ecosystems worldwide, including croplands, forests, grasslands, rangelands, wetlands, and riparian areas. Losses continue to mount, affecting yield and productivity, species diversity, and ecosystem services, with both short- and long-term repercussions on the sustainability of plant and animal communities and the livelihoods of many. New and emerging invasive plants, along with many of the most intractable weeds, have undermined even the best control efforts, serving as a reminder of the constant need for improvements in science, application, and technology. One of the main reasons for the success of weeds …

Editor's Note, Marites Tiongco

DLSU Business & Economics Review

No abstract provided.

A Pedagogical Note On Linear Regressions, Andrew Adrian Yu Pua

DLSU Business & Economics Review

No abstract provided.

Language And Economic Behavior Among Filipino Bilinguals: Two Studies In Honor Of Tereso S. Tullao, Jr., Gerardo L. Largoza, Emmanuel M. Garcia

DLSU Business & Economics Review

We report the results of two studies motivated by Tereso S. Tullao, Jr.’s conviction, first articulated nearly four

decades ago, that language matters in economic decision-making. In Study 1, following Chen (2013), we estimate a fixed- effects logit model on Wave 6 of the World Values Survey, and find that speakers of Cebuano (a “tenseless” language that only weakly distinguishes between present and future), are more likely to save than speakers of Tagalog (whose grammar clearly distinguishes between present and future). In Study 2, we conduct a large-scale dictator game experiment among 480 low- income students and find an unusual …

Examining The Inclusiveness Of Philippine Growth From 1991 To 2015: The Role Of Household Human Capital Inequality And Source Of Growth, Geoffrey M. Ducanes

DLSU Business & Economics Review

Defining inclusive growth as growth that has benefited the households who have the lowest human capital levels, this study examines the inclusiveness of economic growth in the Philippines in the past two decades. Combining information from the Labor Force Survey and Family Income and Expenditures Survey for various years, including a panel of 6,500 households from 2003 to 2009, this study classifies households into ordered groups based on human capital level, then compares the performance of the various groups in terms of various employment, income, and expenditure outcomes over time. It finds the evidence to be mixed, although the weight …

The Effects Of Economic Fluctuations On Health Care Expenditures Of Iranian Households Using The Dsge Model, Hamid Reza Izadi

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The health sector is a very important field that has attracted policymakers’ attention due to its high importance. Such importance is more understandable when we know that health improvement results in human capital enhancement through the accumulation of health capital. Given existing economic shocks, the effectiveness of the health and Care services sector has led to changes in household expenditures and consumption patterns, especially those on health and care; and this can cause long-term damage to the household, and the economy in general. Considering that health is both a consumer and an investment commodity, any negative economic shock that leads …

Risk For Thai Children From The Covid-19 Pandemic: Quantitative Analysis, Amornrat Apinunmahakul, Sasatra Sudsawasd, Prasopchoke Mongsawad

DLSU Business & Economics Review

The impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on Thai children’s educational outcomes are examined based on a two- step analysis. First, the economic impact of the pandemic on household income is quantified by incorporating simulated

macroeconomic variables from the CGE model into a household-level data set. Next, these microsimulation results, along with the Thailand Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey data, are examined to identify the negative impact on children’s educational outcomes, using a binary logistic model. The result confirms the negative impact of Covid-19 on household incomes in all income classes. Unfortunately, households with children are hit harder than others in the …

The Power Of Storytelling: A Case Study Exploring Black Studies Through Nigerian Women Writers, Genesis Flores, Gaetan Jean Louis, Alexa Victor

McNair Scholars Program

No abstract provided.

Measuring Social Vulnerability And Exposure To Potential Risks Induced By Spaceport Operations In South Texas: An Empirical Study Utilizing Gis Methods And Social Vulnerability Indicators, Evan D. Garcia

Theses and Dissertations

The commercialization of space has increased spaceport development and activity across the United States. The magnitude of growth can be witnessed through the spaceport expansion and spacecraft testing at the SpaceX “Starbase” Launch Facility, located along the Texas-Mexico border. Matching the pace of SpaceX’s growth while evaluating levels of risk, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) diligently conducted a comprehensive Programmatic Environmental Assessment (PEA). While this assessment provides significant environmental impact data and risk analysis, much is left to understand regarding hazards and risk exposure to local communities. More specifically, research is needed to understand hazards associated with operational- and anomaly- …

A Data-Driven Approach For Scheduling Bus Services Subject To Demand Constraints, Brahmanage Janaka Chathuranga Thilakarathna, Thivya Kandappu, Baihua Zheng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Passenger satisfaction is extremely important for the success of a public transportation system. Many studies have shown that passenger satisfaction strongly depends on the time they have to wait at the bus stop (waiting time) to get on a bus. To be specific, user satisfaction drops faster as the waiting time increases. Therefore, service providers want to provide a bus to the waiting passengers within a threshold to keep them satisfied. It is a two-pronged problem: (a) to satisfy more passengers the transport planner may increase the frequency of the buses, and (b) in turn, the increased frequency may impact …

Singapore's Hospital To Home Program: Raising Patient Engagement Through Ai, John Abisheganaden, Kheng Hock Lee, Lian Leng Low, Eugene Shum, Han Leong Goh, Christine Gian Lee Ang, Andy Wee An Ta, Steven M. Miller

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Because of their complex care needs, many elderly patients are discharged from hospitals only to be readmitted for multiple stays within the following twelve months. John Abisheganaden and his fellow authors describe Singapore’s Hospital to Home program, a community care initiative fueled by artificial intelligence.

Impact Of Difficult Negatives On Twitter Crisis Detection, Yuhao Zhang, Siaw Ling Lo, Phyo Yi Win Myint

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Twitter has become an alternative information source during a crisis. However, the short, noisy nature of tweets hinders information extraction. While models trained with standard Twitter crisis datasets accomplished decent performance, it remained a challenge to generalize to unseen crisis events. Thus, we proposed adding “difficult” negative examples during training to improve model generalization for Twitter crisis detection. Although adding random noise is a common practice, the impact of difficult negatives, i.e., negative data semantically similar to true examples, was never examined in NLP. Most of existing research focuses on the classification task, without considering the primary information need of …

Imitation Improvement Learning For Large-Scale Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problems, The Viet Bui, Tien Mai

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Recent works using deep reinforcement learning (RL) to solve routing problems such as the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) have focused on improvement learning-based methods, which involve improving a given solution until it becomes near-optimal. Although adequate solutions can be achieved for small problem instances, their efficiency degrades for large-scale ones. In this work, we propose a newimprovement learning-based framework based on imitation learning where classical heuristics serve as experts to encourage the policy model to mimic and produce similar or better solutions. Moreover, to improve scalability, we propose Clockwise Clustering, a novel augmented framework for decomposing large-scale CVRP into …

Am I Committed Or Conflicted? Examining Implications Of Self-Concept Structure For Self-Regulation, Well-Being, And Performance, Nicholas Aaron Moon

Theses and Dissertations

Although research on self-concept is extensive, few studies have examined the relationship between specific aspects of self-concept structure (e.g., self-concept clarity) and self-regulation constructs (e.g., goal commitment). In addition, research has linked aspects of self-concept structure with well-being outcomes, but less is known about the mechanisms involved in these relationships. This research addresses these two issues by examining self-concept structure (self-concept clarity and self-concept differentiation) as antecedents of key self-regulatory mechanisms (goal commitment and goal conflict) and how these linkages may help explain connections between self-concept structure and well-being and performance. More specifically, two studies examined these relationships, with Study …

Actions Speak Louder Than Words: The Role Of Organization Segmentation Norms On Work-Family Enrichment, Engagement & Burnout, Sarah Jensen

Theses and Dissertations

Increased frequency of virtual work environments has changed the dynamics of boundary management decisions for employees and underscored the importance of organizations being aware and purposeful of how their norms will impact their employees. The goal of this study was to a) understand how organizations norms towards segmentation impact employee burnout, engagement, and enrichment, and b) how segmentation preferences, job demands, and job crafting strengthen these relationships. Two samples of participants were recruited from a mental health organization (N = 73) and mTurk (N = 80) to complete surveys on the variables for the study. Organizations with a norm for …

Affiliative And Challenging Prosocial Behavior: Exploring Why And When Through The Lens Of Self-Construal, Vanessa Melendez

Theses and Dissertations

Prosocial behavior yields important benefits for both employees and organizations. This research was designed to extend our understanding of the antecedents of prosocial behavior by focusing on self-construal. Specifically, this study investigates (a) the distinction between affiliative and challenging forms of prosocial behavior and how these relate to self-concept orientations (SCOs), (b) workplace affective commitment variables (workgroup commitment and organizational commitment) and motives (prosocial values and organizational concern) as potential mediators, and (c) independent self-construal as a potential moderator of the link between interdependent SCOs and affective and motivational mediators. The study involved 205 full-time workers completing two Qualtrics surveys …

The Influence Of Benevolent Sexism In Teams: A Team Composition And Attribute Alignment Approach, Catherine Warren

Theses and Dissertations

Researchers have long struggled with harnessing the benefits accompanying diversity, such as increased knowledge sharing and the diverse expertise of individuals. One barrier that hinders taking advantage of such diversity is discrimination, such as sexism. Indeed, evidence has indicated that subtle sexism, compared to overt sexism, has a similar magnitude in impacting workplace outcomes. Additionally, teams are ubiquitous in organizations with the increase in complex taskwork, requiring a set of individuals to collaborate and produce outcomes greater than each individual effort. Accordingly, teamwork requires close, interdependent relationships for optimal performance. The purpose of this study was to assess a prevalent …

The Effects Of The Teaching Interactions Procedure On Esports Coaches’ Feedback Delivery, Alyson Mary Intihar

Theses and Dissertations

The current study sought to evaluate the effects of the teaching interactions procedure (TIP) to train Esports coaches to deliver feedback to players in a naturalistic context. Using a nonconcurrent multiple baseline across participants experimental design, coaches delivered feedback to two players based on their performance in Esports games. Baseline and generalization probes were taken before and after the teaching interactions procedure was implemented. A feedback intervention was implemented for participants who did not reach mastery with just exposure to the teaching interactions procedure alone. Maintenance probes were conducted after mastery was reached. The results showed that for two of …

On-Campus Crimes, Fear Of Crime, And Somatization Among International Students, Kritika Rajeev Chauhan

Theses and Dissertations

With the marked increase in international students in the United States of America and their economic and cultural contributions, it has become even more crucial to address their struggles, including academic transitions, language barriers, migration, and discrimination (Perry, 2016). It has been found that international students are more fearful of crime in the US than in their home countries (Shi, 2021). Literature also indicates that different cultures somaticize their anxiety. It is viable to assume that fear of crime, a stimulus-bound anxiety, is likely to manifest as somatic complaints. Fear of crime often leads to behavioral changes, such as engagement …

Effect Of Variable Delays To Reinforcement On Skill Acquisition Of Tacts In Children With Autism, Ya-Chien Yang

Theses and Dissertations

Basic research has established that immediate reinforcement produces the best outcome when learning a skill. More recent research has followed, showing that even 8-10 seconds of brief delays may impair learning. In one of the few applied studies on this topic, Majdalany et al. (2016) showed that participants with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) acquired tacts more quickly with immediate reinforcement, compared to delays of 6s and 12s. However, no research has examined variable delays to reinforcement, which may be more common in classrooms and clinics. Thus, the purpose of the proposed study was to expand previous research by examining variable …

Comparing Video Modeling To Tactile Feedback To Train Medical Skills, Kelcie Erin Mccafferty

Theses and Dissertations

Medical skills and practices have been continuously advancing, with many recent advancements in clinical practice. However, medical training has yet to develop in tandem with medical advancement. Behavior analysis has a large body of research and practice in the area of skill acquisition to offer the medical field. TAGteach® is one example of a behavior analytic method that could be beneficial to the medical field. Although traditional applications of TAGteach® have been proven to be effective, they may not be socially valid or accepted by the larger population or medical professionals. The purpose of the present study was to compare …

Do Women See Leadership As Risky? The Potential Role Of Stereotypes And The Perception Of Risk In Claiming A Leader Identity, Julia Macgregor-Peralta

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to determine if women perceive leadership as riskier than men do, and whether that could be holding women back. Specifically, this study investigated the influence of gender and leadership views on the development of leader identity and the role that perception of risk of leadership plays. Role Congruity Theory of Leadership, Lack of Fit, and Adaptive Leadership Theory were used as theoretical frameworks in this cross-sectional study using 2022 archival data. Participants were undergraduate and graduate students from five different universities in the United States. Leader role alignment (LRA), which is the congruence between …

Whom Do We Learn From? The Impact Of Global Networks And Political Regime Types On E-Government Development, Beomgeun Cho, Karl R. Rethemeyer

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This study investigates the impact of global networks on e-government development and the role of political regime types in e-government diffusion through international networks. We built a unique social network dataset that covers 148 countries for the years between 2003 and 2014. Our network dataset is rooted in two assumptions: 1) international organizations serve as peak organizations for international policy networks, 2) public managers who participate in international e-government conferences held by the UN and OECD work as boundary spanners. Our empirical evidence suggests that countries well embedded in global e-government networks receive ideas for public sector innovation from international …

Latinos In Massachusetts Selected Areas: Fitchburg, Phillip Granberry, Victor Luis Martins, Michelle Borges

Gastón Institute Publications

Fitchburg is a city of 41,946 residents, including 12,608 (30.1%) who identify as Latino or Hispanic, according to the 2020 Decennial Census. Statewide, Latino residents contribute 12.6% of the total population. In Fitchburg, Whites make up the majority (54.6%) of the city, while Blacks and Asians account for 6.1% and 3.6% of the population, respectively.

Between 2010 and 2020, the Latino population grew by 44.5% and was only outpaced by Blacks (59.8%). With these two populations outpacing Fitchburg's 4.0% population growth during the decade, the White population experienced a 16.7% decrease. By comparison, the White population in Massachusetts declined by …