Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Cumulative Incidence Of Child Protection System Contacts Among A Cohort Of Western Australian Aboriginal Children Born 2000 To 2013, Benjamin Harrap, Alison Gibberd, Melissa O'Donnell, Koen Simons, Jocelyn Jones, Fernando Lima, Daniel Mcaullay, Kathleen Falster, Emily Banks, Sandra Eades

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Reducing the over-representation of Aboriginal children in the child protection system is a key target for the Australian government. Objective: We aimed to provide more recent evidence on the population-level cumulative incidence of contacts for Aboriginal children with child protective services (CPS) in Western Australia (WA). Participants and Setting: Linked administrative data was provided for WA CPS between 2000 and 2015 for 33,709 Aboriginal children born in WA between 2000 and 2013. Methods: Descriptive summaries and cumulative incidence estimates were used to examine changes in CPS contact trends over time and within sibling groups. Results: There was an increase …

The Australian Council For Educational Research (Acer) Response To The Australian Universities Accord Panel Interim Report, Australian Council For Educational Research (Acer)

Higher education research

The Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER) recognises the importance of universities, and the higher education sector more broadly, to the prosperity and success of Australia. ACER welcomes the intent and focus of the Universities Accord in creating a system that enables all Australians to consider the option of university education and be supported in embracing this opportunity. In our submission to the Accord Panel, we would like to provide reflection and insight into the following key areas:

• Recognising the higher education ‘life cycle’ begins well before university enrolment.
• Continuing to build the emphasis on equality of opportunity and equity-focussed …

Book Review: Liberal Technocrats And The Economic Ideology Of Efficiency, Laura Phillips Sawyer

Scholarly Works

Review of the book Thinking like an Economist: How Efficiency Replaced Equality in U.S. Public Policy by Elizabeth Popp Berman (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2022) 334 pp.

Protective Factors In The Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination And Risky Drinking Among American Indian Adolescent, Ying Guo, Randall C. Swaim, W. Alex Mason

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

Introduction: The relationship between perceived discrimination and risky drinking among American Indian (AI) youth is understudied, and the potential protective factors that may buffer this association are unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine protective factors across individual, family, school, peer, and cultural domains of the social ecology that might attenuate the relationship between perceived discrimination and risky drinking among AI adolescents.

Method: Data were from the Substance Use Among American Indian Youth Study (Swaim and Stanley, 2018, 2021). AI youth who have used alcohol in their lifetime (n = 2516 within 62 schools) …

A Unifying Approach To Measuring Climate Change Impacts And Adaptation, Antonio M. Bento, Noah Miller, Mehreen Mookerjee, Edson Severnini

All Works

We develop a unifying approach to estimating climate impacts and adaptation, and apply it to study the impact of climate change on local air pollution. Economic agents are usually constrained when responding to daily weather shocks, but may adjust to long-run climatic changes. By simultaneously exploiting variation in weather and climate, we identify both the short- and long-run impacts on economic outcomes, and measure adaptation directly as the difference between those responses. As a result, we identify adaptation without making extrapolations of weather responses over time or space, and overcome omitted variable bias concerns from prior approaches.

Investigating The Differences Between Neuropsychological And Physiological Markers In A Ptsd-Only Group Among Vietnam Veterans, Ashtan Madsen

Dissertations

Individuals diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have demonstrated extinction-resistant symptoms and long-lasting impacts on the brain’s functional activity (Krystal et al., 2017; Stark et al., 2015). PTSD illustrates a strong relationship with cognitive functioning, and research has found lower parietal and hippocampal volume and deterioration in brain function and structure, resulting in executive dysfunction, attentional deficits, mood dysregulation, and memory difficulties (Krystal et al., 2017; Stark et al., 2015; Weiner et al. 2017). Sleep has been investigated to better understand its contribution to AD pathologies as well as its impact on PTSD treatment and prognosis. Although sleep’s functions are …

Supervisory Impact On Counselor-In-Training Wellness, Erin Brumfield Grima

Dissertations

Counselors being able to engage in self-care practices to establish and maintain their wellness is a well-documented need. The risks of neglecting self-care are also well documented, yet counselors struggle to engage in consistent self-care practices (Baker & Gabriel, 2021; Posluns & Gall, 2020). When demand for counselors is constant (Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, 2020) an examination of how to impact counselor wellness through supervision discussion of self-care is needed. The purpose of the study was to examine supervision discussion of self-care, support of mastery of counselors-in-training’s emotions and any resulting impact on counselor wellness. Data …

How To Understand China's Approach To Central Bank Digital Currency?, Heng Wang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

China's central bank digital currency (CBDC), digital yuan or e-CNY, is likely to profoundly affect the international financial system. China's CBDC is fast evolving. Understanding the influencing factors of China's CBDC will likely be crucial to explore its future direction. Major influencing factors include (i) China's perception and conception of regulation and technology, (ii) complementarity between China's preferences and CBDC development, (iii) domestic and international legitimacy, and (iv) institutional development. This paper argues that these influencing factors contribute to China's likely approach of selectively reshaping the international financial system. Given the potential wide-ranging implications of the introduction of CBDC globally, …

Escape From The Hangman's Noose? Singapore's Discretionary Death Penalty For Drug Traffickers, Wing Cheong Chan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

After nearly fifty years of the mandatory death penalty for drug offences, Singapore amended its law in 2012 to give judges a choice in certain situations to impose a sentence of death or life imprisonment instead. However, this change should not be misunderstood as an alteration in Singapore’s zero-tolerance approach towards illegal drugs. Escaping the mandatory death penalty regime under the new law requires fulfilment of strict conditions. This article reviews the exceptional circumstances that are required before judges are given the discretion to impose the death penalty or not and the application of the new law by the Singapore …

An Examination Of The Relationships Between The Neighborhood Social Environment, Adiposity, And Cardiometabolic Disease Risk In Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional Study, Kara D. Denstel, Robbie A. Beyl, Denise M. Danos, Maura M. Kepper, Amanda E. Staiano, Katherine T. Theall, Tung Sung Tseng, Stephanie T. Broyles

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Background: Disadvantaged neighborhood environments are a source of chronic stress which undermines optimal adolescent health. This study investigated relationships between the neighborhood social environment, specifically, chronic stress exposures, adiposity, and cardiometabolic disease risk factors among 288 Louisiana adolescents aged 10 to 16 years. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized baseline data from the Translational Investigation of Growth and Everyday Routines in Kids (TIGER Kids) study. Adolescent data were obtained using self-reported questionnaires (demographics and perceived neighborhood disorder), anthropometry, body imaging, and a blood draw while objective neighborhood data for the concentrated disadvantage index were acquired from the 2016 American Community Survey …

Executive Summary: Building Holistic Security, Neslihan Ozgunes, Eva Dalak, Sandra Melone, Natalija Gojković, Nesreen Barwari, Slava Shikh Hasan, Muna Luqman, Tatu M. Nyange, Ambassador Liberata Mulamula

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Women peacebuilders inevitably face risks and insecurity in their daily work. International partners have an important role to play in supporting their safety and protection. Understanding women peacebuilders’ roles and the types of risks they face is the first step in ensuring an adequate response. The diversity of roles that women peacebuilders play, as well as the multiple factors that impact the types of risks they might face, need to be taken into account by international partners from the very beginning of a partnership.

Building Holistic Security: Addressing Security Risks of Women Peacebuilders Through Partnerships addresses how international partners who …

Building Holistic Security: Addressing Security Risks Of Women Peacebuilders Through Partnerships, Neslihan Ozgunes, Eva Dalak, Sandra Melone, Natalija Gojković, Nesreen Barwari, Slava Shikh Hasan, Muna Luqman, Tatu M. Nyange, Ambassador Liberata Mulamula

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Women peacebuilders inevitably face risks and insecurity in their daily work. International partners have an important role to play in supporting their safety and protection. Understanding women peacebuilders’ roles and the types of risks they face is the first step in ensuring an adequate response. The diversity of roles that women peacebuilders play, as well as the multiple factors that impact the types of risks they might face, need to be taken into account by international partners from the very beginning of a partnership.

Building Holistic Security: Addressing Security Risks of Women Peacebuilders Through Partnerships addresses how international partners who …

Building Holistic Security (Case Study: Syria), Slava Shikh Hasan

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Highlighting how unequal partnerships exacerbate risks for women peacebuilders in Syria.

Women peacebuilders inevitably face risks and insecurity in their daily work. International partners have an important role to play in supporting their safety and protection. Understanding women peacebuilders’ roles and the types of risks they face is the first step in ensuring an adequate response. This case study forms part of the Building Holistic Security: Addressing Security Risks of Women Peacebuilders Through Partnerships report, focused on how international partners can better partner with women peacebuilders to address the risks and insecurity they face in the different facets of their …

Building Holistic Security (Case Study: Tanzania), Ambassador Liberata Mulamula, Tatu Mkiwa Nyange

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Highlighting how recognition and common vision can help mitigate security risks to women peacebuilders.

Women peacebuilders inevitably face risks and insecurity in their daily work. International partners have an important role to play in supporting their safety and protection. Understanding women peacebuilders’ roles and the types of risks they face is the first step in ensuring an adequate response. This case study forms part of the Building Holistic Security: Addressing Security Risks of Women Peacebuilders Through Partnerships report, focused on how international partners can better partner with women peacebuilders to address the risks and insecurity they face in the different …

Building Holistic Security (Case Study: Iraq), Nesreen Barwari

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Highlighting patriarchal norms and lack of protection for women peacebuilders in Iraq.

Women peacebuilders inevitably face risks and insecurity in their daily work. International partners have an important role to play in supporting their safety and protection. Understanding women peacebuilders’ roles and the types of risks they face is the first step in ensuring an adequate response. This case study forms part of the Building Holistic Security: Addressing Security Risks of Women Peacebuilders Through Partnerships report, focused on how international partners can better partner with women peacebuilders to address the risks and insecurity they face in the different facets of …

Building Holistic Security (Case Study: Yemen), Muna Luqman

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Highlighting the need for increased and flexible funding for women peacebuilders in Yemen.

Women peacebuilders inevitably face risks and insecurity in their daily work. International partners have an important role to play in supporting their safety and protection. Understanding women peacebuilders’ roles and the types of risks they face is the first step in ensuring an adequate response. This case study forms part of the Building Holistic Security: Addressing Security Risks of Women Peacebuilders Through Partnerships report, focused on how international partners can better partner with women peacebuilders to address the risks and insecurity they face in the different facets …

Self-Financing, Parental Transfer, And College Education, Jungho Lee, Sunha Myong

Research Collection School Of Economics

We show that financial constraints can affect the human capital accumulation of college students by influencing students’ labor supply. We document that many college students work a substantial number of hours at low-skill jobs, and students who have fewer financial resources (in particular, parental transfer) tend to work more. We develop a model that incorporates college students’ labor supply and its interaction with parental transfer in the presence of financial constraints. By estimating the model, we quantify the trade-off between self-financing and human capital accumulation and discuss the implications of a wage subsidy policy.

What Drives The Value Of Financial Analysts’ Advice? The Role Of Earnings And Growth Forecasts, Ohad Kadan, Leonardo Madureira, Rong Wang, Tzachi Zach

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We offer a parsimonious index at the individual analyst level to measure the extent to which an analyst relies on earnings and long-term growth forecasts in producing her advice. Using this index, we evaluate the contribution of earnings and growth forecasts to the investment value of analysts’ stock recommendations. We find that the fraction of analysts’ advice attributed to forecasts varies considerably across analysts and sectors. The investment value of recommendations is higher for analysts who rely less on their forecasts and more on other sources of information when forming investment advice. Investors recognize the superiority of recommendations from analysts …

Not Getting Laid: Consumer Acceptance Of Precision Fermentation Made Egg, Oscar Z. Thomas, Mark Chong, Angela K. Y. Leung, Tricia M. Fernandex, Shu Tian Ng

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Mounting concern over the negative externalities of industrialized animal agriculture, coupled with falling cost curves of novel food technologies have birthed the field of cellular agriculture: a new category of food technology seeking to reproduce the sensory experiences of animal protein, and promising a cleaner, more ethical way of enjoying animal proteins. This research examines consumer acceptance of precision fermentation (PF) made egg products in Germany, Singapore, and the USA. Using an online survey of 3,006 participants, the study examines demographic and dietary traits that predict willingness to try such products and identifies the reasons why consumers are most attracted …

Interim Rationalizable Implementation Of Functions, Takashi Kunimoto, Rene Saran, Roberto Serrano

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper investigates rationalizable implementation of social choice functions (SCFs) in incomplete information environments. We identify weak interim rationalizable monotonicity (weak IRM) as a novel condition and show it to be a necessary and almost sufficient condition for rationalizable implementation. We show by means of robust examples that interim rationalizable monotonicity (IRM), found in the literature, is strictly stronger than weak IRM and that IRM is not necessary for rationalizable implementation, as had been previously claimed. These examples also demonstrate that Bayesian monotonicity, the key condition for full Bayesian implementation, is not necessary for rationalizable implementation. That is, rationalizable implementation …

Housing Fever In Australia 2020-23: Insights From An Econometric Thermometer, Shuping Shi, Peter C. B. Phillips

Research Collection School Of Economics

Australian housing markets experienced widespread and, in some cases, extraordinary growth in prices between 2020 and 2023. Using recently developed methodology that accounts for fundamental economic drivers, we assess the existence and degree of speculative behaviour, as well as the timing of exuberance and downturns in these markets. Our findings indicate that speculative behaviour was indeed present in six of the eight capital cities at some time over the period studied. The sequence of events in this nation-wide housing bubble began in the Brisbane market and concluded in Melbourne, Canberra, and Hobart following the interest rate rise implemented by the …

The Normalcy In Solomon Islands-Australia Asymmetric Relations Post-Ramsi, Faqih Faqih

Jurnal Politik

Solomon Islands – China security deal has concerned Australia. Despite this, the relations between Solomon Islands and Australia have still been maintained through negotiated interaction. This article seeks to explain how Australia and Solomon Islands have sustained their normal relations even though Australia, as the larger power, has the means to exert its dominance over the Solomon Islands. The study employed a qualitative method by analyzing Solomon Islands and Australian leaders' statements collected from news media, official government websites, and official documents. Using Brantly Womack's conception of normalcy, the research found that the Solomon Islands still recognize the disparity of …

Intersectionality Analysis Of The Impact Of Anti-Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Policies In Indonesia And Egypt, Nadiah Atsil Gustina, Laras Ayu Nareswari

Jurnal Politik

Indonesia and Egypt are the two countries with the highest prevalence rates of Female Genital Mutilation / Cutting (FGM/C) in the world. Several policies have been issued in order to reduce the number of cases of female circumcision, but they have not shown significant results. Therefore, the authors want to explain why the implementation of the anti-FGM/C policy has not succeeded in reducing the number of female circumcisions in Indonesia and Egypt. The authors argue that the leading cause of these problems is that the anti-FGM/C policies in both countries neglect the socio-cultural aspects of society, and both countries share …

Women's Representation And Accessibility In Indonesian Politics: A Study Of Jakarta Regional People's Representative Council, S. Maryamah Kadriyah

Jurnal Politik

This research delves into the challenges and dynamics of women’s political participation in Jakarta, Indonesia. Despite legal frameworks advocating gender equality, like the 30% representation quota, women members of Parliament (MPs) in Jakarta’s politics face significant hurdles, predominantly rooted in a deeply entrenched patriarchal culture. Utilising a qualitative methodology, the study involved comprehensive interviews with female members of Jakarta’s DPRD. The findings reveal a complex interplay of educational background, political motivations, party dynamics, and societal perceptions influencing women’s political careers. The underrepresentation of women in parliament hinders effective gender-centric policy formulation, underscoring the need for enhanced descriptive and substantive representation. …

Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019: The Politicization Of Religious Identity In Contemporary India, Adhenna Zakia Amelia, Evida Kartini

Jurnal Politik

The victory of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in the 2014 and 2019 elections with Narendra Modi as prime minister of India is a crucial momentum for the revival of Hindu nationalism in India. Allegations of the politicisation of religion were growing under Modi's leadership with various controversial policies, one of which was the Citizenship (Amendment) Act (CAA) that was passed in 2019. This policy accelerates the granting of citizenship status to Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christians, immigrants from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. This paper discusses how the BJP's politicisation of religious identity impacts policy outcomes within the …

International Society For Cell & Gene Therapy Position Paper: Key Considerations To Support Evidence-Based Cell And Gene Therapies And Oppose Marketing Of Unproven Products, Laertis Ikonomou, Natividad Cuende, Miguel Forte, Bambi J Grilley, Aaron D Levine, Megan Munsie, John E J Rasko, Leigh Turner, Hamid R Bidkhori, Rachele Ciccocioppo, Felix Grignon, Alok Srivastava, Daniel J Weiss, Patricia Zettler, Bruce L Levine

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

The field of regenerative medicine, including cellular immunotherapies, is on a remarkable growth trajectory. Dozens of cell-, tissue- and gene-based products have received marketing authorization worldwide while hundreds-to-thousands are either in preclinical development or under clinical investigation in phased clinical trials. However, the promise of regenerative therapies has also given rise to a global industry of direct-to-consumer offerings of prematurely commercialized cell and cell-based products with unknown safety and efficacy profiles. Since its inception, the International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy Committee on the Ethics of Cell and Gene Therapy has opposed the premature commercialization of unproven cell- and …

Childhood Exposure To Parental Threatening Behaviors And Anxiety In Emerging Adulthood: Indirect Effects Of Perceived Stress, Erika S Trent, Andres G Viana, Elizabeth M Raines, Haley E Conroy Busch, Karina Silva, Eric A Storch, Michael J Zvolensky

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Although childhood exposure to parental threatening behaviors is associated with elevated anxiety in emerging adulthood, the underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. Perceived stress-a subjective experience comprised of feelings of helplessness (being unable to cope or exert control) and poor self-efficacy (confidence in one's ability to manage stressors)-is one candidate mechanism. The present investigation examined the underlying role of perceived stress in the association between childhood exposure to parental threatening behaviors and anxiety symptom severity in a sample of emerging adults.

Methods: Participants (N = 855; Mage = 18.75 years, SD = 1.05, range 18-24; 70.8% female) were recruited from a …

Common Rituals In Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder And Implications For Treatment: A Mixed-Methods Study, Caitlin M Pinciotti, Nyssa Z Bulkes, Brenda E Bailey, Eric A Storch, Jonathan S Abramowitz, Leonardo F Fontenelle, Bradley C Riemann

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by engagement in rituals that serve to obtain certainty and prevent feared outcomes. Exposure and response prevention is most effective when rituals are resisted, yet existing self-report measures of OCD limit identification of the full range of possible rituals, and little is known about how rituals might cluster together and predict worsened severity and poorer treatment outcomes. In a retrospective sample of 641 adult patients who received intensive OCD treatment, the present study used a mixed-methods approach to (a) identify and validate treatment provider-identified rituals using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, (b) identify clustering patterns of …

Integrating Social Determinants Of Health Into Ethical Digital Simulations, Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Vasiliki Rahimzadeh, Sharmila Anandasabapathy, Meghan Hurley, Anika Sonig, Amy Mcguire

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Severity Of Cervical Dystonia: Ask The Doctor Or Ask The Patient?, Adam C Cotton, Laura Scorr, William Mcdonald, Cynthia Comella, Joel S Perlmutter, Christopher G Goetz, Joseph Jankovic, Laura Marsh, Stewart Factor, H A Jinnah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Assessing disease severity can be performed using either clinician-rated scales (CRS) or patient-rated outcome (PRO) tools. These two measures frequently demonstrate poor correlations.

OBJECTIVES: To determine if the correlation between a CRS and PRO for motor features of cervical dystonia (CD) improves by accounting for non-motor features.

METHODS: Subjects with CD (N = 209) were evaluated using a CRS (Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale, TWSTRS) and a PRO (Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile, CDIP-58).

RESULTS: Linear regression revealed a weak correlation between the two measures, even when considering only the motor subscales of each. The strength of this relationship …