Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Large-Scale, Collaborative Imagery Survey In Archaeology: The Geospatial Platform For Andean Culture, History And Archaeology (Geopacha), Steven A. Wernke, Parker Van Valkenburgh, James Zimmer-Dauphinee, Bethany Whitlock, Giles Spence Morrow, Ryan Smith, Douglas Smit, Daniel Plekhov, Multiple Additional Authors

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Imagery-based survey is capable of producing archaeological datasets that complement those collected through field-based survey methods, widening the scope of analysis beyond regions. The Geospatial Platform for Andean Culture, History and Archaeology (GeoPACHA) enables systematic registry of imagery survey data through a ‘federated’ approach. Using GeoPACHA, teams pursue problem-specific research questions through a common data schema and interface that allows for inter-project comparisons, analyses and syntheses. The authors present an overview of the platform's rationale and functionality, as well as a summary of results from the first survey campaign, which was carried out by six projects distributed across the central …

The Development And Validation Of An Efl Learner Attitude Scale For Phonetic Symbol Learning In A Chinese University Context, Jie Zeng, Yi Qin, Yu Zong, Tengfei Zhao, Xiping Wang

Journal of English and Applied Linguistics

Research has established that learner attitude significantly impacts the outcomes of learning English as a foreign language (EFL). However, previous studies have rarely considered a validated attitude scale for English phonetic symbol learning (EPSL). This study aims to develop and validate a scale to measure students' attitudes toward EPSL by integrating findings from learning attitude research in education and psychology. The results demonstrate that the attitude scale can predict attitudes towards EPSL in the context of a Chinese university and has good reliability and validity (KMO=0.892, α=0.749). Pedagogical suggestions are made to help students develop a more positive attitude toward …

Language As The Catalyst Between The Relationship Of Subordinates' Communicative Competence And Supervisors' Communicative Behavior: A Canonical Correlation Analysis, Lindsey N. Tan

Journal of English and Applied Linguistics

Communicative competence could be understood as the ability to effectively use language in different contexts, and one of these contexts is the intricate framework of the supervisor-subordinate relationship (SSR). However, studies on SSR are mostly based on supervisors’ communicative behavior (SCB), and there is a scarcity of studies that investigate the role of subordinates’ organizational communication competence (SOCC) on SSR. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the relationship between SOCC and SCB in the SSR framework. Using the canonical correlation analysis, two sets of facets were used to analyze the relationship. The first set is the SOCC, which includes communicative …

The Dynamics Of Informal Institutions And Counter-Hegemony: Introducing A Brics Convergence Index, Mihaela Papa, Zhen 'Arc' Han, Frank O'Donnell

Political Science & Global Affairs Faculty Publications

Informal institutions are important platforms for renegotiating global governance, but there is disagreement on how they operate and challenge the United States (US). Realists view some informal institutions like Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) as counter-hegemonic entities, while rational institutionalists focus on their structure and performance in specific areas. However, neither approach explains the internal dynamics that make these institutions robust and potentially counter-hegemonic. To fill this gap, we first develop a new convergence approach for analysing informal institutional dynamics, and then we apply this approach to examine BRICS robustness and BRICS–US relations. Our BRICS Convergence Index …

A Good Death: End-Of-Life Lawyering Through A Relational Autonomy Lens, Genevieve Mann

Washington Law Review

Death is difficult—even for lawyers who counsel clients on end-of-life planning. The predominant approach to counseling clients about death relies too heavily on traditional notions of personal autonomy and a nearly impenetrable right to be free from interference by others. Rooted in these notions, contracts called “advance directives” emerged as the primary tool for choosing one’s final destiny. Nevertheless, advance directives are underutilized and ineffective because many people are mired in death anxiety, indecision, and the weight of planning for a hypothetical illness. In the end, many do not get the death they choose: to trust in others and share …

In Modeling Digital Learning, Remember Pictorial Competence., Georgene Troseth, Gabrielle Strouse

School of Education Faculty Publications

Barr and Kirkorian summarize decades of research about young children’s learning and transfer from screen media, offer a new theoretical model of factors involved in early multimedia learning, and suggest a future research agenda to study learning from commercial media products “in the wild” of everyday family life outside the lab. In this commentary, the authors offer background on the development of symbolic understanding and “pictorial competence” for young children’s learning from screen media and attempt to deepen the discussion of cognitive factors and individual differences that affect early learning.

How Self-Criticism Predicts Momentary Suicidal Ideation Differently For Overcontrolled And Undercontrolled Personality Styles, Ethan Dennis

Psychological Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in the United States, and nearly everyone who attempts suicide engages in ideation. Suicidal ideation varies over time and across contexts, indicating the need to untangle the interaction of momentary processes associated with ideation. We predict that people will experience increased ideation in moments of emotional pain when they engage in self-criticism. Moreover, people with differing interpersonal motives, such as that of agency (i.e., valuing competence at tasks deemed important to one’s self-worth) and communion (i.e., valuing the degree of closeness in one’s relationships) may be prompted to self-criticize in moments …

Anxiety Severity And Prescription Medication Utilization In First-Time Medical Marijuana Users, Karen L. Dugosh, Megan M. Short, Paulina Syracuse, Thomas R. Mccalmont, Michelle R. Lent

PCOM Scholarly Works

Background

Anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are qualifying psychiatric conditions for medical marijuana (MM) treatment in Pennsylvania. This study examined baseline prevalence and changes in prescription anxiety medication use three months following MM treatment initiation among individuals with these qualifying conditions.

Methods

The study sample was comprised of 108 adults with anxiety or PTSD as a referring condition; they were enrolled in a longitudinal study evaluating biopsychosocial outcomes in new MM patients. Consenting participants completed an assessment battery at baseline and Month 3 (n = 94, 87 % follow-up rate) that included a measure of anxiety severity and …

“Safe People And Safe Spaces:” Filipino American Identity Formation In Response To Local Social Contexts, Cilka Mayumi Hijara

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The identity formation of Filipino Americans has captured scholarly interest due to their unique characteristics and identity attachments. Studies of children of Filipino immigrants are largely focused on individuals from diverse areas and do not explore whether different social environments influence a diversity of identity perspectives. Using data from interviews with 40 children of Filipino immigrants from across the U.S., I examine whether and how their understandings of their identities are shaped by setting. I find that participants’ local contexts, particularly local racial/ethnic demographics during childhood, shape their perceptions of their identities relative to other groups and prevailing categorization schemes. …

The Santa Ana Youth Media Project: Ypar And Media Advocacy, Jorge F. Rodriguez

Education Faculty Articles and Research

The Santa Ana Youth Media Project (SAYMP) was born during the summer of 2019 and grew from a need, expressed by youth, for more critical media literacy that could further amplify and focus on narratives that reflect how youth navigate their personal, cultural-social, and economic environments. Our media projects consist of intentional participative research and journalistic designs that document stories using tools such as narrative inquiry, Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) and video/media production to visually capture the narratives of youth and community within the city of Santa Ana and its larger Orange County context. Our goal is to develop …

Intergenerational Transmission Of Gendered Cultural Traditions And Environmental Stewardship Values Among Adirondack Hunters, Kaitlin S. Long

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Hunting is not simply a sport, but rather a culture that connects practitioners to each other, to the natural environment, and to those who have come before them and will continue the tradition long after they are gone. As a culture intertwined with the environment in which practices and traditions take place, hunting can act as a mechanism for both environmental conservation efforts and the performance of a particular type of ethics. This dissertation explores how hunting values and traditions are transmitted to new, more diverse generations of hunters, how hunters forge and maintain connections through hunting, and how hunting …

An Exploration Of The Impact Of Playing A Puzzle Game On Collaborative Problem Solving Skills, Dima Kassab

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The purpose of this research was to gain a better understanding of the impact of game mechanics on developing collaborative problem solving (CPS) skills. CPS skills are important for the complex work environments of the 21st century, and games appear to provide potential learning experiences where such skills can develop. The research questions of this study tackled how collaborative problem solving skills developed and how game environments through game mechanics can contribute to such development. Following a qualitative approach, the interactions between dyads in a puzzle game was analyzed using the PISA Collaborative Problem Solving framework (2015). This research contributed …

Deserving Care: How Older Chinese Immigrants Seek Support, Xuemei Cao

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Older immigrants make up an increasingly larger share of the overall aging population in the United States. This demographic shift brings challenges to existing systems of elder care provision and calls for an in-depth understanding of aging immigrants’ diverse needs. As immigrants grow older, they need to get support from families, non-kin persons, and formal services to manage various challenges. However, their sense of entitlement to receive care from each source has changed because of the readapted intergenerational reciprocity at home, shifting contexts of interactions and norms of reciprocity with non-kin persons in the community, and the interrupted obligations between …

Exploring Intersectional Differences In Employment And Desistance, Rachel Novick

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Employment is critically important to the re-entry process for most recordholders, as a standard condition of their community supervision agreement, as a turning point, and as a way to solidify new prosocial identities in the desistance process. However, seeking and maintaining gainful employment is easier for some recordholders than others. Prior research suggests that applicant race and gender impacts employment opportunities and outcomes. It is also the case that desistance may look different based on the race and gender of the recordholder. Thus, it may be the case that the relationship between desistance and employment varies for recordholders of different …

Cyber Insurance As An Effective Cyber Risk Management Strategy For Local Government Resiliency: The Case Of Municipalities In New York State, Elisabeth V. Dubois

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In an era of escalating cyber risks, municipal governments grapple with mounting challenges stemming from their increasing reliance on IT systems and limited resources. This dissertation presents a novel exploration into the uncharted realm of cyber insurance adoption within municipalities, aimed at enhancing their cyber resiliency by exploring to what extent municipalities utilize cyber insurance to manage their cyber risks and what effect this has had on their cyber resiliency. With a focus on New York State, a dynamic backdrop offering diverse municipalities, notable cyber incidents, robust security regulations, and economic influence, this study delves deep into the extent to …

La Adquisición De Variación Sociolingüística En El Aula: El Caso Del Pretérito Perfecto Compuesto Y Pretérito Perfecto Simple A Través Del Enfoque Cognitivo., Sarah Rubio

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Este presente estudio tiene un doble objetivo: Por un lado, se pretende analizar la eficacia que tiene la instrucción gramatical explícita basada en la adaptación pedagógica del valor operativo del enfoque cognitivo para la adquisición de la oposición pretérito perfecto compuesto y pretérito perfecto simple con aprendientes de español como segunda lengua. Y, por otro lado, una vez procesado y comprendido el significado de las dos formas verbales, se apunta a implementar una instrucción explícita de corte cognitivo con actividades de interpretación con el propósito de que los aprendientes identifiquen las variaciones dialectales y comprendan su manera de comunicar su …

The Effect Of Autonomic Nervous System Functioning And Childhood Maltreatment On Empathy In Early Adulthood, Edward Charles Merritt

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Childhood maltreatment has a well-established link to both physical and psychological detriments later in life. Specifically, maltreatment has been found to be associated with changes in physiological functioning and increased aggressive behavior. Despite the well understood link with aggressive behavior, few studies have focused on the effects childhood maltreatment has on empathetic and prosocial behavior. Experienced adversity is theorized to increase one’s tendencies to adopt perspective and to feel a sense of responsibility for another’s welfare (Lim & DeSento, 2016). This study aims to examine how baseline autonomic functioning of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system moderate the relationship between …

Toward A Seed Commons: Practicing Commons For Future Economies, Caitlin Corleen Denny

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

ABSTRACT In this thesis, commons theory is utilized to critically assess the impact of the expanding consolidation of the global seed industry on the seed's status as a common resource. Various understandings of the commons are considered and contradictions and recent insights into the significance of relational dynamics in commons governance are acknowledged. I argue that our daily interactions are instrumental in reconstructing the commons and act as transitional ways of relating that can guide us toward future economies. I use instances of cooperation in the Capital Region, as well as existing seed commons at both local and global scales, …

Immigration Stress & Maternal Sensitivity In Mexican American Mothers: The Role Of Parasympathetic Activity & Cultural Resiliency Factors, Annabelle Armah

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The immigration process is associated with a host of cultural stressors that may impact family and parental wellbeing. The present study examined whether immigration stress was related to reduced maternal sensitivity, and whether lower PNS activity would account for their associations. A secondary aim was to test the buffering effect of cultural resiliency factors (i.e., familism values, cultural orientation) on maternal PNS activity. Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of Mexican American mothers (N = 322; M age = 27 years). Contrary to hypotheses, higher immigration stress was significantly associated with higher maternal resting RSA (B = 0.15, SE …

Perspective Taking And Imagination: The Role Of Episodic Processes In Contemporary Perspective Taking Effects, Cody Gilbert

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Perspective taking has been the subject of considerable psychological research for decades. Numerous empirical articles provide evidence for a wide range of perspective taking effects across a variety of contexts. However, the role of imagination in these effects has not been sufficiently considered. With three studies, we demonstrated an influence of episodic processes in a recent experimental design which increases individuals’ willingness to help others (Study 1), a seminal perspective manipulation which enhances empathy (Study 2), and a further replication of the results found in the second study (Study 3). These findings strengthen current conceptualizations of these two psychological processes, …

Droned In: The Acquisition And Motivational Differences Between Autocracies And Democracies, Pete R. Hagan

ALL - Honors Theses

Drone technology has become a revolutionary development in warfare. They allow a nation to conduct offensive operations far from any soldier or base. As such, they have spread rapidly over the past few decades to incorporate many of the world’s foremost military powers. This thesis sought to discover the motivations and methods of acquisition of drones between different regime types. The research found a correlation between autocracies and democracies importing drones from similarly aligned states. Secondly, autocracies were found to be motivated to acquire drones due to a foreign supply excess and democracies were motivated by a domestic desire for …

The Legislative Impacts Of The Trafficking Victims Protection Act And The Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act Of 2017, Kathryn Thompson

ALL - Honors Theses

In the past two decades, the issue of human trafficking has grown more prominent around the world (Mollema, 2015). According to the Polaris Project, a nonprofit organization dedicated to fighting human trafficking as well as educating the world on the dangers of human trafficking analyzed data from the Human Trafficking Hotline found that in the year 2021, there were roughly 10,359 cases of human trafficking in the United States with about 16,554 victims (Polaris Project,2022). Out of these cases, approximately 72% (7,498) of them were related to sex trafficking, with the top type of trafficking out of all cases being …

Three Essays In Health Economics, Tao Jin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation undertakes a comprehensive examination of some market characteristics of the Medicare Part D program and their subsequent effects on the welfare of Medicare beneficiaries. Additionally, it delves into the realm of health behavior, with a specific focus on sleep patterns and their associated outcomes. This dual focus provides a holistic understanding of both the economic and behavioral aspects influencing the health and well-being of individuals.

Camouflaging And Identity Development Among Autistic Female And Gender Diverse Youth: A Qualitative Exploration, Krista Nicole Drapalik

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Adolescence is a vulnerable developmental period for autistic female and gender diverse youth. Many autistic youths use camouflaging to combat social challenges, perceived differences, and stigmatization. Although adolescence is an integral time for identity development, integration of these topics remains understudied among autistic female and gender diverse youth. The present study seeks to qualitatively explore first-person, youth-perspectives on the topics of camouflaging and identity formation. Ten autistic female and gender diverse youth aged 11 to 16 years (M = 13.1, SD = 1.52) and their caregivers were enrolled in the present study. Youths completed semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. …

Toward A Process-Based Account Of Mental Health Self-Stigma And Distress: Elucidating The Contribution Of Psychological Inflexibility And Its Six Component Subprocesses, Sara V. White

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: Stigma about mental health and illness remains a pervasive public health concern. Moreover, stigmatizing oneself for experiencing a mental health disorder is associated with further psychological distress. Yet, processes that may account for this relation remain unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to elucidate processes that may account for this relationship, with specific attention to psychological inflexibility as a transdiagnostic mediator between self-stigma and psychological distress. Methods: Undergraduates (N = 486, Mage = 18.68, SDage = 1.31, 66% Female) completed a battery of measures assessing self-stigma, psychological inflexibility, and psychological distress. We tested psychological inflexibility and its six subprocesses …

Adverse Family Experiences And Ethnicity As Risk And Resiliency Factors In The Link Between Psychological Distress And Perception Of Academic Stress In Undergraduate Students, Teresa Mejia

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Mental health problems have been associated with lower academic performance amongundergraduate students. In addition to individual well-being, environmental and cultural factors may contribute to greater academic stress. Specifically, early adverse family experiences (e.g., abuse, neglect, and family conflict) can have deleterious impacts on an individual’s emotional adjustment and perception of academic stress. However, the influence of ethnicity on the link between early family adversity and later academic stress has been largely understudied. Objective: This study examined whether adverse family experiences and ethnicity moderate the link between psychological distress and academic stress. Methods: Participants (N = 284, 38.4% male, 59.5% female, …

Breastfeeding In Public: A Review Of Literature And Service Learning Experience, Taylor Jehlik, Makenzie Carney

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

This article explores the perceptions and beliefs of first-time expectant mothers, their family members, and their social network about breastfeeding in public places. We used experience through Tiny Tusks and reviewed literature to get a better understanding of what social factors play a role in mothers' decisions to breastfeed in public.

Mrs. Dalloway As A Window For Understanding Life, Kristen Venegas

English (MA) Theses

Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway may be dismissed as fiction, and fiction consequently is dismissed as fantasy. However, the novel enables readers to practice an intellectual exercise of meta-awareness that extends beyond the pages and onto real world phenomena. Under a cognitive neuroscience perspective, Mrs. Dalloway is a literary masterpiece due to its hyper- realistic execution of the intimacies of life. Through the narrative style of free-indirect discourse, Woolf illustrates what occurs in the minds of characters as they develop their own perceptions of reality and identity, exposes the fear and inadequacies of mankind’s distress in times of chaos and disorder …

The Use Of Deception In Dementia-Care Robots: Should Robots Tell "White Lies" To Limit Emotional Distress?, Samuel R. Cox, Grace Cheong, Wei Tsang Ooi

ROSA Journal Articles and Publications

With projections of ageing populations and increasing rates of dementia, there is need for professional caregivers. Assistive robots have been proposed as a solution to this, as they can assist people both physically and socially. However, caregivers often need to use acts of deception (such as misdirection or white lies) in order to ensure necessary care is provided while limiting negative impacts on the cared-for such as emotional distress or loss of dignity. We discuss such use of deception, and contextualise their use within robotics.

Impact Of The Built Environment On The End-Of-Life Journey, Kelechi Akwazie

Masters in Architecture Program: Theses

Several research studies and personal anecdotes show that home-based hospice care patients report better quality of life than their inpatient care counterparts – suggesting that the location of care/built environment is a critical component of hospice care. As a result, other research studies have attempted to provide evidence-based design recommendations for inpatient hospice facilities; however, several of these recommendations either conflict with each other or are vaguely prescribed – which may dull any attempts to implement them.

This literature review takes a unique approach to the provision of evidence-based design recommendations for inpatient hospice facilities by holistically assessing hospice care, …