Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

"It Was Handed To Them": The Origins Of Targeted Delivery And The Spirit Of Nanomedicine, Marzena Woinska

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Nanotechnology is widely recognized as an important field. Since the 2000s, nano-based targeting has been a cutting-edge approach in cancer research. To specify what nanomedicine means and describe its significance at the cultural level, this study harnesses data from peer-reviewed articles published in leading scientific journals.

Balancing precariously between sociological theory and science and technology studies, this project turns to nanomedicine’s origins to address broader questions regarding the relationship between science and society and the causes of scientific discovery and technological innovation. It tells the story of nanotechnology's discursive formations taking on a life of their own and congealing into …

How Receiving A Pell Grant Affects Students’ Work Hours, Michael S. Kofoed

Upjohn Institute Policy and Research Briefs

No abstract provided.

In A Digitally Connected World Through Likes, Hashtags And Followers - Advancing Surgical Research Through A Social Media: A Narrative Review, Sabah Uddin Saqib, Qamar` Riaz, Russell Seth Martins, Amna Riaz, Hasnain Zafar

Department for Educational Development

In this era of modern information technology, the world is now digitally connected through various platforms on social media, which has changed the way medical professionals work, communicate and learn. The use of social media in surgery is expanding, and it is now becoming an essential tool for surgical training, research and networking. Articles, journal clubs and surgical conferences are within reach of everyone regardless of geographical location worldwide. Electronic publications have now resoundingly replaced printed editions of journals. Collaborative research through social media platforms helps collect diverse data, enhancing the research's global generalisability. The current narrative review was planned …

Bibliography For "African American Art: A Display In Celebration Of Black History", Margaret Puentes

Library Displays and Bibliographies

A bibliography created to accompany a display about African American Art in February 2022 at the Leatherby Libraries at Chapman University.

Alfred Russel Wallace Notes 19: Social Evolution's Useful Idiots, Charles H. Smith

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

In today’s world liberals look at conservatives as the villains, and vice versa. How did this come to pass? In this essay a model of the biological roots of liberalism and conservatism is advanced; this is followed by a discussion of why cognitive dissonance may represent the key process in our social evolution. Alfred Russel Wallace’s experience with cognitive dissonance is then detailed, including how he dealt with it.

A New Measure Of Digital Economic Activity And Its Impact On Local Opportunity, Karen Mossberger, Scott Lacombe, Caroline J. Tolbert

Government: Faculty Publications

Online businesses and platform work can create the impression that the digital economy is ephemeral and placeless. But the digital economy is experienced locally, and its effects are spatial. Measuring them requires better community-level data on economic activities online. While new government data measures broadband subscriptions down to neighborhoods, existing public data do not measure how broadband is used in local communities, and whether this digital activity affects economic outcomes. We analyze new monthly data on over 20 million domain name hosts/websites in the United States from November 2018 to November 2020 drawing on customer data. Surveys show that 3 …

The Efficiency Of Occupational Licensing During The Gilded And Progressive Eras: Evidence From Judicial Reviews, Mark T. Kanazawa

Department of Economics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Renewal In The Cognitive And Emotional Domains: Comparing Novelty-Facilitated Extinction With Counterconditioning And Extinction, Jérémie Jozefowiez, James E. Witnauer, Yaroslav Moshchenko, Cameron M. Mccrea, Kristina A. Stenstrom, Ralph Miller

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

The primary file is a ReadMe file and additional file is the dataset.

Sweetness And Femininity: Fashioning Gendered Appetite In The Victorian Age, Michael Krondl

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Since at least the nineteenth century sweetness and a preference for sweet foods has been linked to femininity. Western, middle-class women learned and reproduced normative gendered dietary behavior due to both private and public pressure to control their appetites and those of their children. In performing their gendered roles, they came to embody them through everyday rituals such as teatime. Sugary foods and drinks served as necessary props in these performances. Theorists, most prominently Jean-Jacques Rousseau, began to propose a linkage of sweet foods with femininity in the seventeen hundreds. In the following century, the medical profession explained women’s tastes …

American Apotheosis: Ceramics And The Production Of National Identity In Post-Revolutionary New York City, Diane F. George

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study begins in the present with questions about the genealogy of American national identities in a time when they are fraught, exclusionary, and often dangerous. It examines ceramic tablewares and teawares from the post-Revolutionary War period in New York City, seeking to uncover the identities that were formed by the middle- and upper-class merchants, businessmen, and their families who may have used the wares. The theoretical framework is the concept of identity and the belief that people use material culture in social arenas in active and complex ways to produce, reproduce, announce, challenge, and change who they or the …

Community Resilience: Stories About Chinatowns In Nyc During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Wendy W. Tan

Publications and Research

After two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, the sentiment that future is still insecure, and fluid has been widely shared by all the American communities. However, for this essay, I touched upon the effects and their measures of staying strong in a few Chinese American communities in New York City.

An Investigation Into The Causes Of Pedestrians' Walking Difficulties In Cairo Streets, Joy Magdy, Rania Rushdy Moussa, Usama Konbr

Architectural Engineering

This paper intends to focus on Cairo streets from the pedestrian-use perspective. It aims to explore and examine the factors that make Cairo streets better places for walking. Moreover, it intends to contribute to the limited qualitative research on walkable streets and pedestrians' walking experience, specifically in Cairo. In addition, it provides a conceptual framework for understanding the walkability of streets and the experience of pedestrians, built on both empirical field study and prevailing theoretical models reviewed in the literature. To closely examine the factors that determine Cairo streets to be walkable and therefore pedestrian-friendly, the research investigates the status …

Evaluating The Effect Of Adding Sugarcane Bagasse To The Fire Clay Brick's Properties, Rania Rushdy Moussa, Amany Micheal Dr.

Architectural Engineering

Due to the increase in population density, the waste and its by-products produced by industry, housing, and agriculture have increased. Waste accumulation causes several environmental problems and contaminates natural resources such as air, soil, and water. Moreover, it threatens human public health and increases the number of epidemics and medical pandemics. The percentage of organic waste increases daily. Almost 60% of the waste collected from the housing sector is organic waste, in addition to the agricultural wastes that are also considered organic waste. In developing countries, there are no clear waste management systems. The waste is poorly managed, it is …

Borderplex Business Barometer, Volume 6, Number 2, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

Borderplex Economic Outlook To 2023, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Steven L. Fullerton

Border Region Modeling Project

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Cumulative Trauma, Discrimination, And Racial Trauma Among African Americans, Brittany Renee Clayton

Theses and Dissertations

In the current study, we examined the impact of cumulative trauma, racial trauma, and everyday discrimination experiences within the African American community on psychological outcomes. One hundred and nineteen participants completed a series of self-report measures that analyzed their experiences of lifetime stressors, racial trauma, frequency of everyday discrimination, current posttraumatic stress disorder, depressive symptoms, and experiential avoidance levels. It was hypothesized that increased exposure to lifetime stressors, racial trauma events or experiences, and everyday discrimination would be associated with increased psychological distress. Correlations were conducted to identify and examine these relationships. This hypothesis was supported for lifetime stressor exposure …

Health Risk-Related Outcomes Associated With Academic Burnout And Engagement, Madeline Blair Trahan

Theses and Dissertations

Research has demonstrated a connection between burnout and self-rated health and health risk behaviors, specifically substance use, mental health problems, low physical activity, and sleep difficulties. However, studies have focused primarily on job-related burnout, rather than academic burnout. Additionally, engagement (the conceptual opposite of burnout) has not been well examined in relation to behavioral health outcomes. The goal of this study was to examine the association between both academic burnout and engagement concurrently to health-risk behaviors, perceived health status, and perceived academic stress among college students. Participants were recruited through requests to professors and/or social media. Students were asked to …

Trauma Survivors And Perceptions Of Tobacco-Related Health Risks, Alyssa Ann Barsky

Theses and Dissertations

Given the established relationship between trauma and tobacco use, the increased use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS), and the research identifying numerous health risks to users of ENDS, examining the relationship between trauma and the use of these products is critical. This study examined trauma survivors’ health risk perceptions of ENDS use on their smoking and vaping behaviors. A total of 126 trauma survivors were included in the study and ranged in age from 18-64 years and were primarily male. In this study’s sample, the majority of participants were “current dual users” of both cigarettes and ENDS products (n …

Effects Of Economic Uncertainty And Socioeconomic Status On Reproductive Timing: A Life History Approach, Kenneth Tan, Norman P. Li, Andrea. M. Meltzer, Joel L. J. Chin, Kai Lin Lynn Tan, Amy J. Lim, Steven. L Neuberg, Mark Van Vugt

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Why do some people have children earlier compared to others who delay reproduction? Drawing from an evolutionary, life history theory perspective, we posited that reproductive timing could be influenced by economic uncertainty and childhood socioeconomic status (SES). For individuals lower in childhood SES, economic uncertainty influenced the desire to reproduce earlier compared to individuals higher in childhood SES. Furthermore, the decision regarding reproductive timing was influenced by tradeoffs between earlier reproduction or furthering one's education or career. Overall, economic uncertainty appears to shift individuals into different life history strategies as a function of childhood SES, suggesting how ecological factors and …

Older Adults' Perceptions Of Government Handling Of Covid-19: Predictors Of Protective Behaviors From Lockdown To Post-Lockdown, Savannah Kiah Hui Siew, Jonathan Louis Chia, Rathi Mahendran, Junhong Yu

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Background: Distrust, and more broadly, public perception of government's handling of a crisis, has been a widely studied topic within health crisis research and suggests that these perceptions are significantly associated with the behavior of its citizens. Purpose: To understand which aspects of the public's perception of government handling of the COVID-19 pandemic predicted engagement of protective behaviors among older adults, who are the most vulnerable to COVID-19.Methods: Participants were recruited from an ongoing biopsychosocial study on aging amongst community-dwelling older adults. There were two rounds of data collection, during the national lockdown and post-lockdown. The average length of follow-up …

Assessing The Psychosocial Dimensions Of Frailty Among Older Adults In Singapore: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study, Elliot Yeung Chong, Angela Hui-Shan Lim, Freda Cheng Yee Mah, Lyn Hui Wen Yeo, Shu Tian Ng, Huso Yi

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Objective To examine how multiple dimensions of mental and social health, in addition to physical health, were associated with frailty among older adults. Design A door-to-door sampling household community-based survey. Setting Thirty-two public housing blocks within a residential town in Singapore's central region. Participants 497 residents aged 60 years or older from the public housing town. Outcome measures Physical frailty was assessed using the FRAIL Scale, which stands for fatigue, resistance, ambulation, illnesses and loss of weight. Physical health was assessed by multimorbidity, physical activity and functional ability; mental illness was assessed by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ); and social …

What Really Matters?: Characterising And Predicting User Engagement Of News Postings Using Multiple Platforms, Sentiments And Topics, Kholoud K. Aldous, Jisun An, Bernard J. Jansen

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This research characterises user engagement of approximately 3,000,000 news postings of 53 news outlets and 50,000,000 associated user comments during 8 months on 5 social media platforms (i.e. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, and Reddit). We investigate the effect of sentiments and topics on user engagement across four levels of user engagement expressions (i.e. views, likes, comments, cross-platform posting). We find that sentiments and topics differ by both news outlets and social media platforms, and both sentiments and topics by the four levels of user engagement expression. Finally, we predict a volume of four user engagement levels for given news content, …

Building H.O.U.S.E (Healthy Outcomes Using A Supportive Environment): Exploring The Role Of Affordable And Inclusive Housing For Lgbtqia+ Older Adults, Amy Rosenwohl‐Mack, Darin Smith, Meredith Greene, Karyn Skultety, Madeline Deutsch, Leslie Dubbin, Jason D. Flatt

Social and Behavioral Health Faculty Research

Little is known about how permanent, inclusive, affordable, and supportive long‐term housing may affect the health of low‐income lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual and/or another identity (LGBTQIA+) older adults. Focus group interviews were conducted with 21 older adults to explore the lived experiences and potential health benefits of living in a new LGBTQIA+‐welcoming senior housing. Participants reported that moving into the housing was associated with benefits for health and well‐being, especially for psychological health. Community, social support, and in‐house services were particularly important. However, the combined nature of LGBTQIA+‐welcoming and older adult only housing evoked mixed feelings. Appropriate …

Women's Safety In Nevada, Tsion Mekonnen, Aika Dietz

Research Briefs

43.8% of Nevadan women experience domestic violence in their lifetime (2020).

Virtual Teams During Covid-19: A Study On Group Perceptions, Emergent States, And Outcomes, Thomas Montagna

Master's Theses

Due to the COVID‐19 pandemic, university students were forced to transition to emergency remote learning that, for many, required an abrupt shift from traditional face-to face instruction. The current study leveraged the unique opportunity provided by the change in communication modalities to compare pre and post pandemic perceptions of teamwork. Using the input-mediator-output-input (IMOI) framework, this study sought to discover how group processes, emergent states, and outcomes differed for face-to-face and virtual group work. As part of a retrospective pretest design, a convenience sample of fifty-two graduate students from the University of New Haven completed a single survey that asked …

Spatial Wage Curves For Formal And Informal Workers In Turkey, Badi H. Baltagi, Yusuf Soner Başkaya

Center for Policy Research

This paper estimates spatial wage curves for formal and informal workers in Turkey using individual level data from the Turkish Household Labor Force Survey (THLFS) provided by TURKSTAT for the period 2008-2014. Unlike previous studies on wage curves for formal and informal workers, we extend the analysis to allow for spatial effects. We also consider household characteristics that would affect the selection into formal employment, informal employment, and non-employment. We find that the spatial wage curve relation holds both for formal and informal workers in Turkey for a variety of specifications. In general, the wages of informal workers are more …

Bayesian Estimation Of Multivariate Panel Probits With Higher-Order Network Interdependence And An Application To Firms' Global Market Participation In Guangdong, Badi H. Baltagi, Peter H. Egger, Michaela Kesina

Center for Policy Research

This paper proposes a Bayesian estimation framework for panel-data sets with binary dependent variables where a large number of cross-sectional units is observed over a short period of time, and cross-sectional units are interdependent in more than a single network domain. The latter provides for a substantial degree of flexibility towards modelling the decay function in network neighborliness (e.g., by disentangling the importance of rings of neighbors) or towards allowing for several channels of interdependence whose relative importance is unknown ex ante. Besides the flexible parameterization of cross-sectional dependence, the approach allows for simultaneity of the equations. These features should …

The Effects Of Negative Life Events On Pessimistic Future Outlook: Mediating Effects Of Anxiety And Behavior, Kia Harris

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Perceived Leadership Communication, Modalities Of Communication, And Perceived Organizational Support, Allison Anne Maas

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Organizations are constantly evaluating methods and looking for new ways to improve retention. Perceived Organizational Support (POS) is used as a predictor of intent to stay; therefore, it is important to know what behaviors lead to greater POS. Understanding this will enable organizations to coach their leaders on styles that are most effective so they can make the best use of their time. This study focused specifically on supervisor-employee engagements, evaluating the correlation between perceived leadership communication and POS, and the significance of modality. The study concluded that perceived leadership communication was positively correlated with POS. Of the five communication …

Using Intentional Relationship Building And Community Presence To Minister To An Addicted Population In Cookeville, Tennessee, James Bailey Simpson

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Addiction and substance abuse are banes in American society as they destroy lives, families, hopes and dreams. Individuals with potential for productive lives and societal contributions are reduced to hollow shells and find themselves laser-focused on their next fix. Cookeville, Tennessee, is no different than any other rural American town as addiction and substance abuse are prevalent, especially within the northwestern areas of the city. West View Baptist Church was planted in this area in 1950 and has actively attempted to minister to the community's residents for the last 71 years. Recently, internal issues in the congregation and increasing disconnections …