Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Diffusion Of Cyber Forces: Military Innovation And The Dynamic Implementation Of Cyber Force Structure, Jason Blessing

Dissertations - ALL

What explains the variation in implementation dynamics for cyber forces across militaries? In other words, as cyber forces emerge in states across the international system, why do some militaries undertake wide-ranging implementation efforts with few alterations to cyber force structure, while implementation in other militaries is characterized by a drawn-out, incremental process entailing several changes in cyber force structure?

Militaries have been building cyber capabilities since the late 1980s; however, formalized military cyber organizations for these capabilities have only recently emerged. These cyber forces—active-duty military organizations that possess the capability and authority to direct and control computer network operations (CNOs) …

Visual Processing Across Space And Time In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Justin Kopec

Dissertations - ALL

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrate enhanced perceptual

abilities relative to typically developing (TD) peers, as evidenced by better detection and identification of visual targets. This enhanced ability to discriminate features has been replicated across spatial and temporal displays. Research also suggests that visual perceptual abilities are correlated with the severity of core autism symptoms in this population, with the exception of atypical sensory behaviors, including sensory seeking and aversion, in which the relationship has been understudied and remains poorly understood. The current study introduces a novel visual search task to assess identification accuracy of feature-based visual targets that …

Medical Cannabis Use Among Chronic Pain Patients And Associations With Prescription Opioid Use: A Retrospective Study, Jesse Kosiba

Dissertations - ALL

Medical cannabis is increasingly used as a treatment for chronic pain, and there is initial evidence that medical cannabis may lead to a subsequent decrease in prescription opioid use. The objective of the current study was to conduct a retrospective, naturalistic examination of medical cannabis use (i.e., dose, frequency, type) and subsequent changes in prescription opioid use among a sample of treatment-seeking chronic (non-cancer-related) pain patients (N =277). Data from the electronic medical record (EMR) was paired with information from the State Prescription Drug Monitoring Program and collected at time of initial certification and at six months post-certification. Results indicated …

Using A Token System To Increase Compliance And Avoid Satiation During Reinforcer Preference Assessments, Samantha Sallade

Dissertations - ALL

Preference assessments are commonly administered to identify potential reinforcers for use in behavioral interventions. This study examined the effectiveness of a token intervention for increasing compliance during paired-stimulus preference assessments. Three male preschool children with hypothesized tangible-motivated problem behavior participated. For Experiment 1, an ABAB reversal design was used to evaluate the effects of tokens on students’ compliance and problem behaviors. Experiment 2 used a concurrent-operants design to compare children’s choice of concurrent VI-15s schedules of token delivery and exchange at the end of each session versus immediate access to a highly-preferred item. Results demonstrated that two of the three …

Book Review: The Intelligence Of The Cosmos: Why Are We Here? By Ervin Laszlo, Elizabeth W. Szatmari Krasnoff

Journal of Conscious Evolution

Ervin Laszlo breaks down his theory of everything into a credo of 8 statements. This review looks in some detail at Laszlo’s theories and also touches on the other writers who have been invited to participate. It is noteworthy that Laszlo breaks with the current scientific belief that we are without purpose, and that evolution has no purpose. He believes that compassion, love, and expansion are our purposes for being here.

Security After War: A Theory Of Security Assistance And Governance In Post-Conflict States, Elise Marguerite Roberts

Dissertations - ALL

Donors have increasingly promoted the provision of security assistance to states emerging from civil war as a tool to establish peace. Driven by both security and development concerns, donors have asserted the value of this assistance to improve both the governance and effectiveness of the security sector. Despite this increase in aid, however, we know relatively little about its effects. In some cases, security assistance has promoted security force professionalization and a consolidation of peace. In others, security assistance has gone towards fueling corruption and repression, seriously jeopardizing the stability of the recipient state.

This dissertation seeks to address this …

How Do People Process And Share Fake News On Social Media?: In The Context Of Dual-Process Of Credibility With Partisanship, Cognitive Appraisal To Threat, And Corrective Action, Se Jung Kim

Theses - ALL

The objective of this study is to examine how the information processing of news users happens on social media in the context of spreading fake news. This study is intended to shed light on how fake news spreads on social media with the effects of two moderators (i.e., partisanship and source credibility) from political attitude consistency to message credibility and the effect of mediation (i.e., cognitive appraisal to threat) from message credibility to intent to share fake news on social media and corrective action. As a theoretical lens, dual-process theories were adopted in this paper. For this, a 2 (news …

The Most-Cited Articles In Data In Brief Journal: A Bibliometric Analysis Using Scopus Data, Lusiana Wulansari, Ansari Saleh Ahmar, Agus Rochmat, Nurmawati, Akbar Iskandar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Bibliometric analysis is one of the research approaches that utilizes quantitative and mathematical data to address problems posed in the context of visualization to see patterns in the field of science. In fact, bibliometric analysis may also include a wider overview of the names of the most influential writers in the area of science. This data analysis would discuss the most-cited articles in Data in Brief Journal including the countries, authors. The data was collected on 31st May 2020 of Scopus database. The literature review was conducted using the keyword: ISSN (2352-3409). The bibliometric analysis is visualized utilizing the VosViewer …

Opioid Dependency And Its Effects On Alcohol Consumption, Emily V. Flores

Psychology and Counseling Theses

Previous research has found dualistic effects on alcohol consumption with low doses of buprenorphine increasing alcohol and higher doses of buprenorphine reducing alcohol consumption in rats (Ciccocioppo et al., 2006). Other existing research on naloxone treatment and alcohol consumption in opioid use has demonstrated that alcohol consumption decreases after naloxone treatment in rats (Hyytia & Sinclair, 1993). Yet, no research has been conducted on either rats or humans on the effects of buprenorphine and naloxone medication combined. The effects of opioid maintenance therapy are controversial and the relationship between alcohol consumption and opioid dependency treatment is mainly based on literature …

Religious/Spiritual Struggles And Spiritual Resilience In Marginalised Older Adult, Holly Nelson-Becker, Michael Thomas

Social Work: School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Other Works

Spiritual and religious struggles emerge in times where life meaning is unclear, has changed or is challenged. Resilience has been addressed in terms of psychological, social, emotional and physical capacity or competence related to struggle. However, there is a relatively sparse literature defining and addressing spiritual resilience, both what it is and how it is demonstrated. This is especially true of the oppressive and marginalised experiences of diverse older persons. This paper asks how older persons have responded to life challenge and spiritual struggle through spiritually resilient responses. It provides a foundation for the discussion of spiritual resilience in older …

Effects Of Differential Reinforcer Magnitude For An Alternative Response On The Resurgence Of Academic Responding, Emily Lynn Baxter

Dissertations - ALL

Several studies have looked at ways to mitigate resurgence of challenging behavior by manipulating dimensions of reinforcement for an alternative behavior. To date, only one study has examined differences in resurgence following different magnitudes of reinforcement for an alternative behavior, and only one study has addressed resurgence in an academic setting. The current study evaluated the magnitude of resurgence of a target academic response when large- or small-magnitude reinforcement for an alternative behavior was provided and then all responses were placed on extinction in a subsequent phase. Four students, not receiving academic or behavioral services, were recruited from a suburban …

Three Essays On The Economically Disadvantaged, Emily Gutierrez

Dissertations - ALL

This dissertation examines disadvantaged students through a unique and novel lens and investigates the effects of Universal Free Meals (UFM) – a program available to schools with sizable economically disadvantaged populations – on student well-being and district financial feasibility. UFM provides free meals to all students, regardless of household income, in an attempt to increase participation in school meals and ensure all students have access to nutritious meals. The Hunger Free Kids act of 2010 expanded the availability of UFM via the Community Eligibility Provision (CEP). CEP allows schools, clusters of schools, or entire districts to adopt UFM if 40 …

Factor Invariance Of Anxiety And Depression Measures In Autism, Elizabeth Patrice Mckernan

Dissertations - ALL

This study examined factorial invariance of three self-report measures of psychiatric symptoms—the World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS; Kessler et al., 2005), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R; Eaton, Smith, Ybarra, Muntaner, & Tien, 2004), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995)—using a convenience sample of 434 adults surveyed though Amazon Mechanical Turk. Participants were sorted into two groups based on their score on the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ; Baron-Cohen, Wheelwright, Skinner, Martin, & Clubley, 2001). Of 423 participants included in the final sample, 203 were included in the low ASD traits group …

Making Military Wives: Militarizing Social Reproduction Of Military Families, William J. Oliver

Dissertations - ALL

How do current day military institutional practices structure the daily lives of military wives? To answer this question, I use the theories of greedy institutions, militarization, and the life-course perspective to investigate the effects of deployments, temporary duty assignments, and training exercises, which coalesce to create long-term family separations, as well long work hours and frequent family geographic moves. In total, I conducted in-depth interviews with 38 women and 2 men, used as supplemental data, who were married to active duty U.S. military service members at the time of their interview. I find the military’s organization of work creates certain …

Being In Transit: Life, Death, And The Politics Of Migrant Journeys From Central America To The United States, Jared Patrick Van Ramshorst

Dissertations - ALL

Every year, hundreds of thousands of migrants from El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua risk their lives traveling to and toward the U.S. Long before reaching the U.S.-Mexico border, however, they travel thousands of miles across Central America and Mexico, often stopping off in migrant shelters scattered along the way. Whether travelling by foot or riding atop large freight trains known as “the Beast,” migrants spend weeks, months, and even years in transit, navigating a dense landscape of hardening borders and immigration enforcement in Mexico and the U.S. while encountering incredible dangers along the way, such as assault, extortion, kidnapping, …

Examining The Efficacy Of Combining Cover, Copy, Compare And Performance Feedback: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Natalie Williams

Dissertations - ALL

A large percentage of elementary-aged students in the United States are performing below the proficient level in writing (Aud et al., 2012) and a key component in improving writing quality is the acquisition of proficient spelling skills (Berninger, 1999). One intervention, Cover, Copy, Compare, has shown effectiveness in improving third-grade students’ spelling performance (Williams, 2017); and it has been found to be most effective when combined with another instructional component (Jaspers et al., 2012). A second intervention, Performance Feedback, has been found to be effective in increasing third-grade students’ writing performance (Eckert et al., 2006). However, limited research has examined …

Migration And Informal Insurance, Costas Meghir, Ahmed Mushfiq Mobarak, Corina Mommaerts, Melanie Morten

Discussion Papers

Do new migration opportunities for rural households change the nature and extent of informal risk sharing? We experimentally document that randomly offering poor rural households subsidies to migrate leads to a 40% improvement in risk sharing in their villages. Our model of endogenous migration and risk sharing shows that risky and temporary migration opportunities can induce an improvement in risk sharing enabling profitable migration. Accounting for improved risk sharing, the migration experiment increased welfare by 12.9%. However, permanent declines in migration costs improve outside options for households and can lead to reductions in risk sharing. The short-run experimental results for …

2020-08-22 Pca Board Meeting Cumulative Report, Pennsylvania Counseling Association

PCA Board of Directors Meetings

No abstract provided.

Two Steps Forward, One Step Back: Where Do We Go From Here?, Steve Carr

Black History at UNM

Dr. Assata Zerai, Vice President, UNM Division for Equity and Inclusion, identifies three areas of focus to improve equity and inclusion at UNM: diversifying faculty hiring and creating an inclusive culture that supports faculty of color, creating a culturally responsive educational environment for learners, and addressing racism in health and healthcare. This article contextualizes these goals with a larger discussion about anti-discriminatory public policies and laws, as well as political and social movements both past and present. This article is a part of the Racism: An Educational Series, produced by the UNM Newsroom.

2020-08-22 Pca Board Meeting Agenda, Pennsylvania Counseling Association

PCA Board of Directors Meetings

No abstract provided.

2020-08-22 Pca Executive Council Meeting Minutes, Pennsylvania Counseling Association

PCA Board of Directors Meetings

No abstract provided.

The Problem With Dogs, Harry Eckman

WellBeing News

Street dogs are ubiquitous in many parts of the world. And despite all the advances in animal welfare, we focus solely on the symptoms and do not address the root causes.

Urban Warfare: Emerging Geopolitical Conundrum, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Urban warfare is as old as human history. It is becoming increasingly important in international political and military planning due to increasing global urbanization and the presence of megacities (urban areas with populations exceeding 10 million) in many global regions and being in areas of recent and potential military conflict. 2018 World Bank data notes that approximately 56% of the world's population lives in urban areas which is up from 34% in 1960. Many of these megacities, including New York City, Los Angeles, Sao Paulo, Mumbai, Shanghai, and Manila are adjacent to oceanic waters and vulnerable to trade and supply …

Lindenwood Digest, September 22, 2020, Lindenwood University

Lindenwood Digest

The Lindenwood Digest has been a digital employee newsletter since 2009.

Impact Of Dyrk1a Haploinsufficiency On Facial Morphology Using Three-Dimensional Morphometric Analysis, Stefani Hammond

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

Dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) is a gene present on human chromosome 21. Previous research suggests that this gene plays a developmental role in facial morphology. We hypothesize that individuals with DYRK1A haploinsufficiency have altered facial morphology with potentially unique patterns of facial variation. To assess this hypothesis, we acquired three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetric facial images of individuals with and without DYRK1A haploinsufficiency, and we measured anatomical landmarks to carry out Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis (EDMA) and to evaluate global and local morphological differences. Our results show unique patterns of variation between individuals with DYRK1A haploinsufficiency and normal siblings, as …

Information Availability And The Effectiveness Of Indigenous Practices To Combat Lactation Challenge Among Female Farmers In South Western Nigeria, Olalekan Odefadehan Dr., Opeyemi Oluwasola Abiodun, Oluwaseun Olubunmi Odefadehan, Olubukola Olatundun Daniel

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study was conducted to assess information availability on indigenous practices in order to combat lactation challenge among nursing mothers who are farmers in South West Nigeria. It assessed the perceived effectiveness of the identified indigenous practices to combat lactation challenge. The study also determined the attitude of the respondents towards the use of available indigenous practices to combat lactation challenges. A total of 480 nursing mothers were selected across 30 communities in three South Western Nigeria states based on the number of Local Government Areas in each of the State. Structured interview schedule and questionnaire were used to collect …

Exploring Cold War Religious Persecution Using The Rank-Order Approach, Jeffrey M. Byford, Brian K. Horn, John Grant, Cort Casey, Sherrie Hopper

The Councilor: A National Journal of the Social Studies

This lesson explores religious persecution in East Germany. Students must decide plausible actions to take against the Protestant Church to diminish power. Acting as a member of The East German Secret Police, students, evaluate, rank, and justify decisions to minimalize Christianity in an atheist society.

Facilitating Experiential Learning Experiences Through A Class Pioneer Day, Ronald Vaughan Morris

The Councilor: A National Journal of the Social Studies

Students experience a reenactment of life on the frontier created by the interaction of their teachers and community volunteers. Students in elementary social studies learn content, skills, values, and dispositions through engaging in experiential learning. The classroom environment is described through a case study of one classroom of fourth grade students with an experienced teacher with deep roots in the community. Teachers develop skills in negotiation with volunteers to accomplish tasks that support student learning. Descriptions of student and teacher preparations in addition to budgetary constraints describe how to replicate the experience. Examples and assessments are provided as well as …

Researching The U.S. Role In Foreign Politics With The Bricker Amendement, Jeremiah Clabough

The Councilor: A National Journal of the Social Studies

The United States has always been conflicted about its role in international affairs. There are many historical examples where these divergent beliefs can be examined. One ideal topic students can research to analyze Americans’ conflicting beliefs about the country’s role in international affairs is the Bricker Amendment. In this article, I explore how activities about the Bricker Amendment allow high school students to examine different perspectives about the U.S. role in international affairs. The steps and resources needed to implement the activity in my article are provided.

The Economics Of Artificial Intelligence: A Primer For Social Studies Educators, Scott Wolla

The Councilor: A National Journal of the Social Studies

This paper provides a framework for understanding the economic effects of automation and artificial intelligence (AI). First, it reviews how physical capital interacts with labor in the context of automation and AI. Next, it discusses recent advances in AI and potential economic outcomes such as job market polarization and income inequality. It then describes the role education has played in previous economic transitions and the role it will likely play as technology advances. Finally, the paper identifies key economic concepts and teaching resources that social studies educators can integrate into their instruction to help students understand the economic effects of …