Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Exchange Rate Pass-Through To Inflation In Nigeria, Abiodun S. Bada, Ajibola I. Olufemi, Inuwa A. Tata, Idowu Peters, Sani Bawa, Anigwe J. Onwubiko, Udoko C. Onyowo

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

Concerns about the magnitude and length of exchange rate pass-through to consumer prices have increased in many developing countries in view of its profound implications on price and exchange rate stability as well as the macroeconomic policy environment. This paper examines the exchange rate pass-through effect at the aggregate level into import and consumer prices in Nigeria for the period 1995Q1 – 2015Q1. Utilizing the Johansen approach to cointegration and a vector error correction methodology, the paper found the exchange rate pass-through into Nigeria’s CPI inflation to be incomplete. The long run pass-through elasticities were found to be 0.24 and …

Real Effective Exchange Rate Misalignment In Nigeria, Ngozi E. Nwachukwu, Racheal O. Adebayo, Abdullahi A. Shettima, John O. Anigwe, Chidinma T. Udechukwu-Peterclaver

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

The study analyzed the relationship between relevant macroeconomic variables and the real effective exchange rate (REER) in Nigeria based on the Behavioural Equilibrium Exchange Rate (BEER) approach. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was estimated to obtain the equilibrium REER while the resultant levels of misalignment were computed for the period 1990 - 2014. Model results indicated that terms of trade and degree of trade openness are significant determinants of the REER, implying that trade policies matter for Naira REER movements. The error correction model indicated that 3.3% of disequilibrium error is corrected within a quarter. On the average, the …

Real Exchange Rate Misalignment And Economic Growth In Nigeria (1960-2011), Waheed O. Ibrahim

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This paper examines the impact of real effective exchange rate misalignment on economic growth in Nigeria using an annual data spanning 1960 to 2011. The augmented growth model was estimated using purchasing power parity (PPP) and generalized method of moment (GMM) approaches. Through series of iterative processes, it was observed that it will take four years for the exchange rate to revert back to equilibrium. The result from the PPP approach shows that the period of flexible exchange rate regime is characterized by a relatively lower real exchange rate misalignment over time compared with the fixed exchange rate regime. The …

Exchange Rate Policy And Falling Crude Oil Prices: Effect On The Nigerian Stock Market, Terfa W. Abraham

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This paper examines the effect of crude oil price movement on the Nigerian stock market and the role of exchange rate as a plausible countercyclical policy tool. Daily data on All Share Index of the Nigerian stock market, crude oil prices and exchange rate, were collected for two periods: 2008-2009 and 2012-2015. Results from the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ADL) model show that oil prices are positively related with the performance of the Nigerian stock market thus would drag the market down in times of turmoil. Howbeit, devaluation of the naira is found to be effective in cushioning the effect of …

An Empirical Analysis Of The Macroeconomic Impact Of Public Debt In Nigeria, Sunday N. Essien, Ngozi T. I. Agboegbulem, Michael K. Mba, Ogochukwu G. Onumonu

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This paper examines the impact of public sector borrowings on prices, interest rates, and output in Nigeria. It utilized a Vector Autoregressive framework, the Granger causality test, impulse response, and variance decomposition of the various innovations to study the impact. It found that shock to external debt stock increases prime lending rate, but with a lag. However, the level of external and domestic debt over the period of this study had no significant impact on the general price level and output.

Empirical Model For Forecasting Exchange Rate Dynamics: The Go-Garch Approach, Godknows Isenah, Olusanya E. Olubusoye

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

The study aimed at determining a set of superior generalized orthogonal-GARCH (GO-GARCH) models for forecasting time-varying conditional correlations and variances of five foreign exchange rates vis-à-vis the Nigerian Naira. Daily data covering the period 02/01/2009 to 19/03/2015 was used, and four estimators of the GO-GARCH model were considered for fitting the models. Forecast performance tests were conducted using the Diebold-Mariano (DM) and the model confidence set (MCS) tests procedures. The DM test indicates preference for the GO-GARCH model estimated with nonlinear least squares (NLS) estimator – denoted as GOGARCH-NLS, while the MCS test determined a set of superior models (SSM) …

Monetary Policy And Unemployment In Nigeria: Is There A Dynamic Relationship?, Sunday N. Essien, Garba A. Manya, Mary O.A. Arigo, Kufre J. Bassey, Suleiman F. Ogunyinka, Deborah G. Ojegwo, Francisca Ogbuehi

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This paper examines the link between unemployment and monetary policy in Nigeria using a vector autoregressive (VAR) framework for the period 1983q1 – 2014q1. The paper investigates the effect of structural change by identifying three structural breakpoints and incorporating them into the VAR model as dummy variables. The results show that a positive shock to policy rate raises unemployment over a 10 quarter period. In addition, all the variables used as proxy in the model jointly Granger cause unemployment, implying the existence of a dynamic relationship between monetary policy and unemployment in Nigeria.

Exchange Rate And External Reserves In Nigeria: A Threshold Cointegration Analysis, Ngozi E. Nwachukwu, Abdulkadir I. Ali, Ismaila S. Abdullahi, Mohammed A. Shettima, Solomon S. Zirra, Bola S. Falade, Michael J. Alenyi

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This paper models the long-run relationship between the Bureau De Change exchange rate and external reserves in Nigeria in a Threshold Vector Error Correction Model (TVECM) framework using daily data that spans from Jan 1, 2014 to Jul 31, 2015. Modeling BDC exchange rate and external reserves within this context can be motivated by the fact that the transition mechanism between the variables is controlled by the degree of BDC exchange rates premium which is within central bank of Nigeria’s policy oversight. The supLM test result indicates that there is a non-linear long-run relationship between the series, providing empirical support …

Analysis Of Inflation Dynamics In Nigeria (1981 – 2015), Sani Bawa, Ismaila S. Abdullahi, Adamu Ibrahim

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This study examined the dynamics of inflationary process in Nigeria over the period 1981 – 2015, using the bounds testing approach to cointegration. Empirical results indicated that inflation in Nigeria proxied by CPI exhibited a strong degree of inertia. The econometric results showed that past inflation and average rainfall appeared to have been the main determinants of inflationary process in Nigeria over the study period. We also found strong evidence of the importance of money supply in the inflation process, lending credence to the dominance of the monetarist proposition on inflation dynamics in Nigeria. Thus, the paper recommended among others, …

Fiscal Policy And Private Investment In Selected West African Countries, Joseph A. Omojolaibi, Tochi-Nze P. Okenesi, Ekundayo P. Mesagan

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This study sets out to examine the nexus between fiscal policy and private investment in five selected West African countries using annual data from 1993 to 2014. Employing Fixed Effect Model for Panel data ordinary least square approach, the results showed the existence of a significant crowding in effect of government capital expenditure and tax revenue while non-tax revenue showed a crowding out effect. Recurrent expenditure and external debt also showed crowding out effects but these were insignificant. The accelerator effect of output growth was also found to be insignificant across the countries over the time period. The study called …

Day-Of-The-Week Anomaly: An Illusion Or A Reality? Evidence From Naira/Dollar Exchange Rates, Osarumwense Osabuohien-Irabor

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This study examines the day-of-the-week effect in the Nigerian foreign exchange market (Naira against the US dollars), its volatility as well as the asymmetric effects, for the period of 12th May 2009 to 12th June, 2015. The empirical results of GARCH-t(1,1), EGARCH-t(1,1), GJR-GARCH-t(1,1), IGARCH and the OLS methodology shows that the detection of the day-of-the-week effect is influenced by the choice of the volatility model applied. Similarly, the highest or lowest volatility market day goes with the influence of these models. Thus this study clearly support the argument of Charles (2010), that, the days of the week anomalies lies on …

Testing The Fisher Hypothesis In The Presence Of Structural Breaks And Adaptive Inflationary Expectations: Evidence From Nigeria, Yakubu A. Bello, Babatunde S. Omotosho, Suleiman Karu, Satumari A. Stephen, Raymond O. Ogbuka, Balarabe F. Usman, Oluwaseun D. Mimiko

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This paper tested for the validity of the Fisher hypothesis in Nigeria during the period 1970 – 2014. The Gregory and Hansen Co-integration test confirmed the existence of a long-run relationship between nominal interest rates and inflation, albeit with a structural break in October 2005. In addition, the obtained Fisher coefficient in the cointegrating relation was 0.08, implying a weak form of Fisher effect in the long-run. On the basis of these findings, we upheld a weak Fisher effect in the long-run and non-existence of Fisher effect in the short-run. This implied that short term nominal interest rate is a …

Nigeria’S Private Foreign Assets And Liabilities, 2014, International Investment Statistics Office (Iiso)

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

The survey of foreign assets and liabilities of enterprises in Nigeria was conducted in 2015 to determine the stock of foreign assets/liabilities of Nigerian enterprises as at end 2014. The survey collected relevant information from 740 enterprises while the analysis of survey data was done based on the recipient sectors as well as country of origin of the investments. Survey returns showed that total private foreign liabilities as at end-2014 was N15, 046.07 billion, down by 1.4 per cent from its level in 2013. Of this total, 99.8 per cent came in the form of foreign direct investments, while foreign …

Re-Introducing And Operationalizing Nigeria’S Flexible Exchange Rate Market, Godwin I. Emefiele

CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS)

This is an address presented to relevant stakeholders and the general public unveiling of the framework for re-introduction of Managed Float Exchange Rate System on 15th June 2016. The address included the broad framework and guidelines of the Flexible Exchange Rate Inter-bank Market, which we alluded to at the end of Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of 24th May 2016.

Strategic Thinking And Design Initiative: Extended And Updated Report, Association Of Research Libraries

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Introduction 11 This report1 documents the Strategic Thinking and Design work that the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) engaged in from the fall of 2013 through the end of 2015. Fueled by the deep desire of the ARL membership to rise to the challenges facing higher education in the 21st century, and with grants from the Institute of Museum and Library Services and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the Association engaged in an unprecedented project to reimagine the future of the research library and then reshape ARL, its organization, to help bring that future into being.

This report is a …

Just Tweet It: Sports Teams' Communication Of Csr On Twitter, David Paul Stephan

Theses and Dissertations

The sports industry has been made distinct from traditional business for many reasons including its body of stakeholders and its position in popular media. For these reasons, corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts and the communication of them in professional sports is known to be addressed differently. The following research has been conducted in order to learn how well professional sports teams are doing to communicate CSR to the particular stakeholders who are also their social media followers. Sports teams' Twitter accounts were analyzed and tweets concerning CSR were identified. Findings suggested that only 3.94% of professional sports teams' tweets were …

Psychological Health Outcomes Within Usaf Remotely Piloted Aircraft Support Career Fields, Kris Anthony Ostrowski

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Remotely piloted aircraft are now commonplace in modern warfare. Enlisted intelligence personnel in the U.S. Air Force (USAF) who support these activities have reported personal accounts of posttraumatic stress and fatigue, possibly due to viewing high-definition, full-motion-video, remote warfare. Rates of mental health diagnoses and counseling are unknown in this population. Incidence rates of 12 specific mental health outcomes were calculated for all enlisted active duty USAF Intelligence Specialists in the 1N1 and 1N0 career fields from 1 January 2006 through 31 December 2010, while considering various demographic and military variables. The incidence rates were compared to RPA sensor operators …

Subjective Well-Being And Cardiometabolic Health: An 8-11 Year Study Of Midlife Adults, Julia K. Boehm, Ying Chen, David R. Williams, Carol D. Ryff, Laura D. Kubzansky

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Objective: Individuals who are satisfied and experience frequent positive emotions tend to have reduced risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). However, conflicting evidence exists and little research has investigated whether well-being is associated with early-warning indicators of biological risk that precede CHD. We investigated whether life satisfaction and positive emotions longitudinally predicted reduced risk of incident cardiometabolic conditions and healthier cardiometabolic risk scores, which may provide insight into underlying mechanisms and novel prevention targets.

Methods: Initially healthy men and women (N=754–854) reported their baseline life satisfaction and positive emotions. During follow-up, presence of manifest cardiometabolic conditions was assessed …

The Effects Of Forgiveness On Sustaining Sobriety In 12 Step Group Attendees, Rebecca Cornelius

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

There has been an increase of research in the area of forgiveness, particularly since the early 1980’s; however, there has been far less research done in the field of addiction and how forgiveness or the lack of forgiveness impact’s a person’s recovery. The profession of social work has a wide array of fields and services, and it is not uncommon for a social worker to work with a person abusing substances at some point in his or her career. While there are many aspects of treating and assisting client’s in their recovery, one topic that may not be discussed with …

Maternal Scaffolding And First Graders' Near And Far Transfer On Problem-Solving Tasks, Andria R. Clausell

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

This study examined correlations between four dimensions of maternal scaffolding, maternal beliefs and values, children’s temperament, and children’s performance and use of self‑regulation strategies on problem‑solving tasks. There are two foci of this study: examining factors that predict the quality of maternal scaffolding, and assessing the relationship between quality of maternal scaffolding and children’s problem solving. Participants consisted of 10 mother‑child dyads in the experimental group and 10 children in the control group. Using a pre- and post‑test design, children were given near and far transfer independent problem‑solving tasks. The experimental group also worked with their mothers on one task …

Resettlement Challenges For Refugees In The United States, Rebecca Joie Habeeb-Silva

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

This study explored the resettlement-related challenges that refugees encounter in the United States (U.S.). It utilized a qualitative research design with semi-structured interviews with three refugee families from different countries of origin: Afghanistan, Burma, and Iraq. The interviews were analyzed through a system of coding and categorization in order to develop themes of commonly reported challenges across participants. Six dominant themes of resettlement‑related challenges were identified: employment, financial insecurities, bureaucracy, English language competency, family separation, and unfulfilled expectations and hope. The participants also reported that these challenges had negative effects on their mental health and described feeling worried and depressed. …

Perceptions Of Organizational Continuity: Scale Development And Implications For Organizational Outcomes, Gabino A. Gomez-Canul

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

The following study examines the impact that perceptions of organizational continuity (POC) have on organizational identification (OI) and organizational outcomes, including organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) and turnover intentions. It was proposed that POC would be an important factor in determining OI, OCBs, and turnover intentions. In order to test this proposition, a scale was developed that measured an individual’s POC within their organization with regards to the organization’s culture and history. A survey was distributed among working individuals that contained the new measure of POC and other established measures of an organization’s culture and values. The sample consisted of 394 …

Empowerment In Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (Pcit), Marlena M. Hernandez

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to explore empowerment in Parent‑Child Interaction therapy (PCIT). Research has shown that attachment issues and child maltreatment are serious social problems that may lead to risks of child abuse and children developing mental illnesses. Interventions, like PCIT have shown to decrease these risks by improving the parent‑child interactions by enhancing parent skill levels and by decreasing parent stress levels and child behaviors. The purpose of this study was to examine whether enhancing parent skills and decreasing parent stress levels would therefore increase parent empowerment. This study utilized a quantitative method to examine potential growth …

Distracted Parenting: How Social Media Affects Parent-Child Attachment, Denise Ante-Contreras

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Social media usage for parents has become ubiquitous, as either a form of entertainment or communication with other individuals. However, excessive use of social media has also shown to have effects on parenting; causing parental distraction, decreasing the level of everyday parental engagement, and making a child more likely to be at risk for injury. Studies have shown that frequent eye contact, one on one time, and undivided attention are necessary in building a secure attachment between a parent and child. The research study in question hoped to understand whether there was a correlation between the amount of hours a …

Challenges Of Social Workers Giving Mental Health Services To Juveniles Who Have Been Incarcerated For Drug Use, Nathalie Marie Jones

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

This research examined challenges social workers face when delivering mental health services to juveniles who have been incarcerated due to drug use. Through the use of a web-based survey program a total of ten research questions were examined statistically. The research questions discussed what challenges social workers face when trying to administer services to juveniles who have been incarcerated for drug use and also what services are available to juveniles with or without a mental health problem who have been incarcerated for drug use. Questionnaires were sent out electronically, with a response rate of twenty-seven participants. SurveyMonkey® was used to …

Effects Of On-Call Work On Professional Social Workers, Evelyn Ocampo

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

This thesis attempted to examine the effects of on-call work schedules on professional social workers. This was achieved through the use of a demographic survey and qualitative face-to-face and phone interviews. A total of 15 interview questions were explored, the subjects included: the impacts of on-call work on psychological, physiological, emotional well-being and work family balance of professional social workers. Participants were recruited using availability sampling and the sample size consisted of nine participants. The nine interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. The researcher identified common themes related to on-call work schedules. Results found that participants suffered familial …

Mental Health Practitioner Stigma, Attitude, And Belief: A Multidimensional Study On Marriage And Family Therapists, Clinical Social Workers, And Clinical Psychologists, Jessica Ann De La Rosa, Ruxandra Elena Tanase

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Existing stigma in the form of negative attitudes towards individuals with severe mental illness by mental health practitioners, has the potential to set barriers towards recovery. A survey of 72 mental health practitioners from three disciplines were surveyed, in an attempt to measure mental health practitioner attitudes towards individuals with severe mental illness, and how their attitudes impact their belief in client recovery. This was a quantitative study, based on two Likert Scale surveys and distributed both in paper form and using Survey Monkey. Participants were gathered through a snowball effect, and consisted of 42 social workers, 18 marriage and …

The Impact Of Cargo Bikes On The Travel Patterns Of Women, Jana E. Schwartz

Master's Theses

There are a number of issues preventing the rollout of cargo bikes as a transportation mode in the United States. One concern that has been raised is whether cargo bikes can function as a gender equitable transportation solution in the United States, given documented gender gaps in national bike riding statistics and ongoing inequities in childcare in 2-parent heterosexual households. The research is aimed at reviewing the practicality, enjoyment, and outcome of cargo bike use as a gender equitable transportation solution. This research contributes to new knowledge in gender equitable transportation in 2 ways — a) gender-focused analysis of survey …

Impact Of Reactive Attachment Disorder Training On Perceived Preparedness Of Master Of Social Work Students To Serve Individuals With Reactive Attachment Disorders, Margaret Elizbeth Perez

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Common diagnoses have greater emphasis in the Master of Social Work (MSW) Program, yet there is an oversight on other disorders that are just as important to address, such as Reactive Attachment Disorders (RAD). Although researchers have determined a need for additional training and education on RAD, none have measured MSW students’ level of knowledge on RAD and whether or not it influences their perceived preparedness. The purpose of this study was to analyze the perceived preparedness of MSW students to serve children with RAD before and after participating in an educational training. The study consisted of an explanatory quantitative …

Impact Of Assembly Bill 12 On Emancipated Foster Youth, Amber E. King

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Assembly Bill 12 was passed into law for the purpose of preparing foster youth for the transition into adulthood and provided extended support services and transitional support up to the age of 21. This qualitative study focuses on the experiences and outcome of foster youth who are participating in extended care services. Key findings were identified in the areas of education, social and emotional support, and living arrangements. These key findings provide the social workers with a better understanding of the difficulties associated with the complexity involving the transition to young adulthood. The implications of key findings have resulted in …