Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

A Computational Model Of The Temporal Processing Characteristics Of Visual Priming In Search, Jordan M. Haggit

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

When people look through the environment their eyes are guided in part by what they have recently seen. This phenomenon, referred to as visual priming, is studied in the laboratory through manipulations of stimulus repetition. Typically, in search tasks, response times are speeded when the same target is repeated relative to when it is changed (e.g., Maljkovic & Nakayama, 1994). Although priming is thought to be based on a memory mechanism in the visual system, there is a debate in the literature as to whether such a mechanism is driven by relatively early (e.g., feature-based accounts) or later (e.g., episodic …

A Study Of Social Web Data On Buprenorphine Abuse Using Semantic Web Technology, Raminta Daniulaityte, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

The Specific Aims of this application are to use a paradigmatic approach that combines Semantic Web technology, Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning techniques to:

1) Describe drug users’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to the non-medical use of Suboxone and Subutex as discussed on Web-based forums.
2) Identify and describe temporal patterns of non-medical use of Suboxone and Subutex as discussed on Web-based forums.

The research was carried out by an interdisciplinary team of members of the Center for Interventions, Treatment and Addictions Research (CITAR) and the Ohio Center of Excellence in Knowledge- enabled Computing (Kno.e.sis) at Wright State …

Building The Web Of Knowledge With Smart Iot Applications, Amelie Gyrard, Pankesh Patel, Amit P. Sheth, Martin Serrano

Kno.e.sis Publications

The Internet of Things (IoT) is experiencing fast adoption because of its positive impact to change all aspects of our lives, from agriculture in rural areas, to health and wellness, to smart home and smart-x applications in cities. The development of IoT applications and deployment of smart IoT-based solutions is just starting; smart IoT applications will modify our physical world and our interaction with cyber spaces, from how we remotely control appliances at home to how we care for patients or elderly persons. The massive deployment of IoT devices represents a tremendous economic impact and at the same time offers …

Co-Evolution Of Rdf Datasets, Sidra Faisal, Kemele M. Endris, Saeedeh Shekarpour, Sören Auer, Maria-Esther Vidal

Kno.e.sis Publications

Linking Data initiatives have fostered the publication of large number of RDF datasets in the Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud, as well as the development of query processing infrastructures to access these data in a federated fashion. However, different experimental studies have shown that availability of LOD datasets cannot be always ensured, being RDF data replication required for envisioning reliable federated query frameworks. Albeit enhancing data availability, RDF data replication requires synchronization and conflict resolution when replicas and source datasets are allowed to change data over time, i.e., co-evolution management needs to be provided to ensure consistency. In this paper, …

Linguistic Construction Of Migrant Identity In U.S. Crime Reports, Theresa Catalano

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications

This article explores the representation of Latino migrants in U.S. crime reports. Through multidisciplinary linguistic analysis incorporating critical discourse analysis and cognitive linguistics, the author demonstrates how migrant identity is constructed linguistically in media discourse using various linguistic strategies to reveal an underlying xeno-racist discourse that serves the dominant group’s purpose of staying in power. The contribution of this paper lies in its systematic illustration of the covert nature in which this discourse is (re)produced in crime reports and the connections it can have to immigration policies and public attitudes. In addition, the aim of the paper is to serve …

Impact Of Brief Intervention Services On Drug-Using Truant Youths' Self-Reported Delinquency And Arrest Charges: A Longitudinal Study, Richard Dembo, James Schmeidler, Jennifer Wareham, Rhissa Briones-Robinson, Ken C. Winters, Rocio Ungaro

Criminology Faculty Publications

The issue of delinquency among truant youths is insufficiently documented in the literature. There is a need to elucidate this issue, and assess the efficacy of interventions to reduce this problem behavior. The present National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)-funded study addressed this gap by examining the impact of a Brief Intervention (BI), originally designed to address youth substance use, on their delinquent behavior over an 18-month follow-up period (for self-reported delinquency) and a 24-month follow-up period (for official record delinquency). A number of significant BI intervention effects with sizable effect sizes were found, as well as a number of …

Recession And Post-Recession Efficiency And Productivity Changes In United States Public Universities: The Good, Bad, And Ugly, G. Thomas Sav

Economics Faculty Publications

This paper employs data envelopment analysis to investigate the extent to which publicly owned, operated, and managed universities in the United States have undergone efficiency and productivity changes in response to the financial crisis that induced the Great Recession and how post-recessionary conditions have altered those changes. The paper revisits an earlier study of like kind that used panel data covering the 2005-2008 academic years but could not, obviously, capture the dynamic changes of the 2007-2009 recession or the lingering post-recessionary financial and enrollment effects imposed on public universities. The present paper offers many improvements over that previous study by …

記遊‧書寫 : 校園 鄉郊 山水 天下 : 2015-2016 年度上學期記遊書寫課程作品匯編, 香港嶺南大學中文系, 香港嶺南大學服務研習處

OSL Students' Service-Learning Project Output: Booklet

嶺南大學以「作育英才，服務社會」為校訓，於2004年開始將服務研習融入正規的學術課程，並結合具有意義的服務及反思，將學生在課堂所學應用於社會當中。在「CLA9015記遊書寫」的課程中，得到陳惠英教授的指導和引領下，學生透過參與「校園遊寫作計劃」、「牛潭尾社區寫作計劃」和「綠色生態遊寫作計劃」，應用極具創意的寫作方式，為服務機構撰寫遊記，協助知識傳遞及營造可持續發展之社區。

06_四通八達, 賽馬會香港歷史學習計劃

專題展覽

香港有多種別具特色的交通工具，其誕生多源於當時生活環境的需要。在供求平衡下自然衍生出五花八門的交通工具，用以上山、越嶺、過海，不一而足。隨著時代進步，交通工具亦有更替，如過海隧道尚未成熟時，市民須靠渡輪來往維港兩岸，海上交通非常發達；海底隧道和鐵路建成後，市民減少乘搭渡輪，海上交通種類減少，陸路運輸則漸趨多元化。故此，交通發展與市民生活息息相關，不同需求令各種交通工具相繼出現，同時亦因社會進步而逐漸轉型。

01_公屋歲月, 賽馬會香港歷史學習計劃

專題展覽

1953年聖誕夜石硤尾寮屋區的一場大火，成為政府開展公共房屋政策的契機。自此，一幢幢徙置大廈紛紛落成，遍佈港九各地。政府在1960年代推出了廉租屋，單位的空間較寬敞，居住環境較舒適。至1970年代，政府為公營房屋引入社區規劃元素，開始講求生活素質，屋邨內設有商場、休憩公園、醫療、交通、學校等配套設施，公屋更成功帶動香港人口向新市鎮遷移。而至2000年代興建的新型公屋，除了滿足居住上的需求外，還講求可持續發展，邨內設有環保設施，為居民帶入「綠色生活」的元素。

Statistical Analysis Of Paradigmatic Class Richness Supports Greater Paleoindian Projectile-Point Diversity In The Southeast, M. I. Eren, A. Chao, C. H. Chiu, R. K. Colwell, B. Buchanan, M. T. Boulanger, J. Darwent, Michael J. O'Brien

History Faculty Publications (Archived)

Ronald Mason's hypothesis from the 1960s that the southeastern United States possesses greater Paleoindian projectile-point diversity than other regions is regularly cited, and often assumed to be true, but in fact has never been quantitatively tested. Even if valid, however, the evolutionary meaning of this diversity is contested. Point diversity is often linked to Clovis "origins," but point diversity could also arise from group fissioning and drift, admixture, adaptation, or multiple founding events, among other possibilities. Before archaeologists can even begin to discuss these scenarios, it is paramount to ensure that what we think we know is representative of reality. …

Out Of The Mouth Of Babes: Lessons From Research On Human Infants, Stan A. Kuczaj, Malin K. Lilley

Psychology Faculty Publications (Archived)

Marine mammal behavior and cognition researchers often face a number of challenges, including the research subjects’ lack of interest and verbal abilities, as well as choosing a paradigm with appropriate stimuli for the subjects’ perceptual and cognitive abilities. Researchers who work with human infants often encounter similar challenges when studying infant cognition and have developed strategies to overcome these challenges, including using stimuli that capture the infants’ attention, determining what tasks are age-appropriate, and using conditioned responses to test discrimination abilities. This paper encourages marine mammal researchers to learn from the research paradigms and techniques used in human infant research …

The Moral Psychology Of Copyright Infringement, Christopher Buccafusco, David Fagundes

Faculty Articles

This Article presents a novel view of the complex moral psychology of infringement. It does so both to complement extant critiques of copyright’s incentivist story and to provide a realistic account of owners’ motivations for infringement on which a more effective copyright regime may be built. We elaborate these claims as follows. Part I highlights the contrast between the robust critiques of copyright’s theory of creation and the paucity of attention to its theory of litigation, and illustrates the social costs produced by increasingly common infringement suits animated by nonfinancial concerns. Part II develops a psychology of infringement, rooted in …

Miranda 2.0, Tonja Jacobi

Faculty Articles

Fifty years after Miranda v. Arizona, significant numbers of innocent suspects are falsely confessing to crimes while subject to police custodial interrogation. Critics on the left and right have proposed reforms to Miranda, but few such proposals are appropriately targeted to the problem of false confessions. Using rigorous psychological evidence of the causes of false confessions, this Article analyzes the range of proposals and develops a realistic set of reforms — Miranda 2.0 — which is directed specifically at this foundational challenge to the justice system. Miranda 2.0 is long overdue; it should require: warning suspects how long they …

The Supreme Court's Quiet Revolution In Induced Patent Infringement, Timothy R. Holbrook

Faculty Articles

The Supreme Court over the last decade or so has reengaged with patent law. While much attention has been paid to the Court’s reworking of what constitutes patent-eligible subject matter and enhancing tools to combat “patent trolls,” what many have missed is the Court’s reworking of the contours of active inducement of patent infringement under 35 U.S.C. § 271(b). The Court has taken the same number of § 271(b) cases as subject matter eligibility cases—four. Yet this reworking has not garnered much attention in the literature. This Article offers the first comprehensive assessment of the Court’s efforts to define active …

The Long Shadow Of Bush V. Gore: Judicial Partisanship In Election Cases, Michael S. Kang, Joanna M. Shepherd

Faculty Articles

Bush v. Gore decided a presidential election and is the most dramatic election case in our lifetime, but cases like it are decided every year at the state level. Ordinary state courts regularly decide questions of election rules and administration that effectively determine electoral outcomes hanging immediately in the balance. Election cases like Bush v. Gore embody a fundamental worry with judicial intervention into the political process: outcome-driven, partisan judicial decisionmaking. The Article investigates whether judges decide cases, particularly politically sensitive ones, based on their partisan loyalties more than the legal merits of the cases. It presents a novel method …

An Exploration Of Transition Experiences Shaping Student Veteran Life Flow, Brian T. Gregg

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Educational institutions offer transformative opportunities for veterans transitioning from military service. Veteran-specific cultural supports in educational environments offer participation in occupations and development of skills needed to complete educational goals. However, veterans experience complex life circumstances atypical from traditional student culture which influences use of available environmental supports. Currently, the student veteran population is growing following fifteen years of combat and with systematic downsizing of the military. Therefore, rehabilitation professionals and educators must understand the unique experiences which shape veteran life flow during the transition process.

This dissertation contains three studies investigating veteran experiences transitioning to postsecondary education. The first …

Retrospective Frames Of Disability: Themes Derived From Parents Of Children Who Grew Up With Congenital Disability, Sheryl L. Holt

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Introduction: For children born with physical disabilities, the perspectives and actions of their parents prove significant to their childhood developmental outcomes clinically, educationally, socially, and with regard to community participation. The lived world and perceptions of parents who have children with disabilities however is not well investigated. This study sought to understand parents’ framing of theirs and their children’s disability experiences. Family systems together with family systems intervention models, and disability theory were used to provide structure to interview instrumentation and subsequent analysis. Child-centered and ecologic influences were also used to track the transformative processes over time that infuses parental …

The Effect Of Media On Self-Objectification And Gender-Role Conflict In College Students, Sarah M. Holmes

Honors College Theses

In today’s society, people are confronted by sexually objectified images of men and women across multiple forms of media. Self-objectification occurs when a person internalizes this objectified perspective of his/her body. Gender role conflict occurs when socialized gender roles have negative consequences for a person’s self or others. The current study sought to analyze the effect that objectified images of women from magazine advertisements can have on women’s self-objectification and men’s levels of gender role conflict. In this fully online study, each participant was shown five images of women with either high or low objectification. Images of highly objectified women …

The Effect Of Doctors Without Borders On Low- And Middle-Income Countries In Sub-Saharan Africa, Nathan Hayenga

Honors College Theses

This research studies the relationship between the activity of medical disaster-response humanitarian aid and the rate of growth in developing economies. Data of total annual GDP and Doctors without Borders (MSF) activity in 23 countries was analyzed over the years 2000-2014 with correlation and regression analysis. Under this analysis results are inconclusive, with a correlation of zero between MSF activity’s within a country and change in that country’s rate of GDP growth. A conclusive response was found on the comparison between GDP growth in countries MSF was active in compared to countries with no MSF activity, showing that countries in …

Human Trafficking: Legislation And Extent, Morgan Podczervinski

Honors College Theses

The International Labour Organization estimated there to be around 21 million individuals worldwide that fall victim to forced labour and another 4.5 who are exploited for sex. Sex Trafficking is a major human rights issue around the world and in the United States particularly. How would reducing the restrictions of the T-visa as well as legalizing prostitution impact the overall rate of sex trafficking in the United States? Previous human rights research has found that the legislation currently in place to combat sex trafficking is not adequately limiting the extent of the problem. I argue that the restrictions on T-visas …

Natural Variation In Maternal Care And Cross-Tissue Patterns Of Oxytocin Receptor Gene Methylation In Rats, Annaliese K. Beery, Lisa M. Mcewen, Julia L. Macisaac, Darlene D. Francis, Michael S. Kobor

Neuroscience: Faculty Publications

Since the first report of maternal care effects on DNA methylation in rats, epigenetic modifications of the genome in response to life experience have become the subject of intense focus across many disciplines. Oxytocin receptor expression varies in response to early experience, and both oxytocin signaling and methylation status of the oxytocin receptor gene (Oxtr) in blood have been related to disordered social behavior. It is unknown whether Oxtr methylation varies in response to early life experience, and whether currently employed peripheral measures of Oxtr methylation reflect variation in the brain. We examined the effects of early life rearing experience …

The Efficacy Of Brief Individual And Group Interventions Among Light And Intermittent Smokers, Beatriz Suro Maldonado

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Despite the decline in daily smoking between 2005 to 2013, light and intermittent smoking rates have increased. Few studies assessing smoking cessation in light (â?¤10 cigarettes per day) and intermittent smokers (nondaily smoking; LITS) exist. The current study assessed the efficacy of a brief smoking intervention for light smokers in a predominantly Hispanic young adult sample. Several smoking cessation predictors were identified. Two hundred fifty two light and intermittent smokers were recruited primarily from community health clinics and the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP). Participants completed baseline measures assessing socio demographics, tobacco use and history, stage of change, …

Making Decisions Affecting Oneself Versus Others: The Mediating Effect Of Interpersonal Closeness And Dark Triad Traits, Jessica R. Carre

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The payment incentives of portfolio managers and investors are often asymmetrical such that actions that benefit the portfolio manager can harm the client and vice-versa. Despite the presence and potential harm of these asymmetries, relatively little research has investigated self and other decision making broadly. There has also been few attempts to address the effect of reward asymmetries. Additionally, despite the presence of reward asymmetries not every portfolio manager will make risky decisions for their clients, which suggests the presence of an individual difference characteristic. This study addresses these knowledge gaps by examining the effect of interpersonally manipulative personality traits …

A Cracking Methodology To Assess Fracture And Fatigue Properties Of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures Using Overlay Tester, Victor M. Garcia

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Several highway agencies have either implemented or considered implementing performance tests to predict the cracking potential of asphalt concrete (AC) mixtures in the laboratory setting. One such test, the Overlay Tester (OT) test, measures the number of cycles to failure of the AC specimens by simulating the opening and closing of the cracks induced by daily temperature variations and high tensile strain generated by the traffic load. The variability of the OT test results is expressed as a major concern in reliably characterizing the cracking potential of the AC mixes.

The performance of the OT test, in general, and current …

Direct Potable Reuse In El Paso, Texas: Pioneering Water Resource Sustainability In A Large Urban Utility, Paul Brian Guerrero

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

El Paso Water is progressing on possible plans for large-scale advanced water purification, a form of direct potable reuse. Public knowledge, attitudes, and commitments are important to success in this technology. New information on attitudes in El Paso, Texas, regarding direct potable reuse implementation is measured and examined.

The Role Of Language Attitudes In Ysleta Del Sur Pueblo's Language Revitalization Efforts, Armida Hernandez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

In the United States, language preservation and revitalization efforts have taken on greater urgency as tribes spanning all across Indian Country, from Alaska to Florida, are collaborating with linguists, Native and non-Native, in a pitched fight to save their languages from decline and/or extinction. With respect to the causes of indigenous language loss, it is important to recognize that blame cannot be assigned exclusively to external pressures. Recognizing the strong interplay between language attitudes and language maintenance or loss, this study focuses on the role of language attitude in one particular Native American tribeâ??s language revitalization efforts, that of Ysleta …

An Environmental Justice Examination Of Hispanic Immigrants' Flood Hazard Exposure And Vulnerability In The Miami And Houston Metro Areas, Alejandra Maldonado

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Research reveals that disasters are particularly debilitating for racial/ethnic minorities. However, prior studies of racial/ethnic dimensions of disaster vulnerability have lumped people together in broad categories (e.g. Hispanic) without regard for substantial within-group heterogeneity. As a result, aspects of disaster vulnerability experienced by Hispanic immigrants (distinguished from US-born Hispanics) have been concealed. Using survey data from 1,283 adult householders in the Houston and Miami Metropolitan Statistical Areas and follow-up interview data from a subset of survey respondents, this Thesis addresses that limitation by examining whether Hispanic immigrants experience heightened flood risk relative to other social groups. The Thesis is comprised …

Happily Ever After And Other Lies My Childhood Told Me, Rachel Anna Neff

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

A manuscript-length book of poetry with a critical preface centered on the idea of mythology, nursery rhymes, and foundational (Western) fictions and how the cultural norms and expectations that those texts create influence an individual, particularly with respect to gender and gender identity.

Convergence? The Incursion Of Technology In The United States - Mexico Remittance Corridor, Sam Wilner Simon

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The United States-Mexico remittance corridor finds itself at a crossroads, exacerbated by an amalgam of factors including tapering migration levels, a more mature Mexican economy and higher levels of technological permeation. I identify the individual, governments and service providers as the three main actors in the United States - Mexico Remittance Corridor. I deploy an interdisciplinary set of sources, ranging from academic journals to World Bank datasets to illustrate the logistical hurdles that are delaying changes to what many experts believe, is an unsustainable status-quo. I explore the idea of a Galtung inspired mutually reinforcing triangle as a means of …