Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Effectiveness Of Group Interventions For Depressed Iranian Migrants In Austria, Atefeh Fathi, Walter Renner, Barbara Juen

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Effectiveness of Group based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy was investigated in a sample of 23 Iranian migrants living in Austria for an average 14 years and suffering from Major Depressive Disorder. The participants were randomized to: (1) individual CBT, (2) group based CBT and (3) wait-list control groups. Although the results showed a significant decrease in depression symptoms, no significant group differences were observed. The findings from this study suggest that the effectiveness of group based CBT may be influenced by Iranian socio-cultural characteristics.

Intercultural Competences And Self-Identity As Key Factors To Adaptation, Carmen Carmona, Karen I. Van Der Zee, Jan Pieter Van Oudenhoven, Nerea Hernaiz-Agreda

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Students increasingly cross borders to study in a foreign country and live a full experience abroad. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship among intercultural personality, self-identity orientation, and outcomes of cultural adaptation among international students. According to the multicultural personality questionnaire, five key dimensions lead to intercultural adaptation success: cultural empathy, open-mindedness, emotional stability, social initiative, and flexibility. In addition, another relevant factor is that individuals frame situations differently depending on how they construe or represent themselves in a specific context. Thus, we consider three related identity orientations (i.e., personal, relational, and collective identity) …

(De)Constructing Multiculturalism: A Discourse Analysis Of Immigration And Refugee System In Canadian Media, Kim H. Chuong, Saba Safdat

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

A succession of policy changes to the immigration and refugee system has been made in Canada in recent years by the Conservative federal government. Since most people’s understandings about immigration issues come from exposure to the news, the media have an important role in producing and reproducing prevalent public opinions to support and legitimize, or criticize, social and political actions. The present study examines how the immigration and refugee policy changes have been represented in mainstream print media and provides an important interface between recent political decision-making and society with regard to immigration issues. In our analysis, we demonstrate that …

How Does Income Inequality Get Under The Skin? The Mediating Role Of Perceived Age Discrimination In The Inequality- Health Nexus For Older And Younger People, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Sibila Marques, Maria Luísa Lima, Dominic Abrams, Hannah Swift, Christopher Bratt

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

The relative income hypothesis predicts poorer health in societies with greater income inequality, yet the psychological mechanisms that explain this association are not clear to date. This study tests the hypothesis that perceived age discrimination acts as a mediator in the inequality-health nexus for people who categorize themselves as old. It is expected that the detrimental mediating effect of perceived age discrimination does not occur for those who categorize themselves as young, since their low status is only temporary until they move to the higher status middle-aged group. A cross-sectional multilevel analysis of the 2008/09 European Social Survey (ESS, Round …

The Experience Of Skilled Migrant Women In Switzerland: Challenges For Social And Professional Integration, Juliana Nunes-Reichel, Marie Santiago-Delefosse

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Recent studies on migrants’ social and professional integration in Switzerland indicate that migrant women are the most vulnerable group. Researches highlight the “deskilling power” of migration but tend to focus on a descriptive level, without considering the influence of context and the heterogeneity of migrants’ experiences. This qualitative study aims to investigate the meaning of migration and integration process from participants’ point of view: their challenges, strategies and the impact of the migration experience on self-image. Semi-structured interviews (n = 30) were conducted with two groups of skilled migrant women: group one are skilled women who migrated through the invitation …

Representing Human Cultural And Biological Diversity In Neuropsychiatry: Why And How, Daina Crafa, Saskia K. Nagel

Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences

Over the past decade, findings from cultural neuroscience have demonstrated that functional neural processes vary significantly across populations. These findings add a new dimension to the well-established literature describing cultural differences in human behavior. Although these findings are informative for understanding complex relationships between social and neurobiological processes, they also have significant implications for psychiatric research. Neuropsychiatry already co-considers the relationship between brain and social world; however, its research findings notoriously underrepresent diverse cultural, ethnic, and gender groups. Considering that psychiatric patients across cultures exhibit different behavioral presentations and symptom distributions, they may exhibit equally different functional neural processes as …

Finding Common Ground: Identifying And Eilciting Metacognition In Eportfolios, Susan C. Reed, Julie Bokser, Caryn Chaden, S. Brown, M. Moore, Michelle Navarre Cleary, Eileen Seifert, Kathryn Wozniak, L. B. Zecker

College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences Faculty and Staff Works

Research has suggested ePortfolios reveal and support students’ metacognition, that is, their awareness, tracking, and evaluation of their learning over time. However, due to the wide variety of purposes and audiences for ePortfolios, it has been unclear whether there might be common criteria for identifying and assessing metacognition in ePortfolios across varied contexts. The purpose of this study was to identify evidence of metacognition across ePortfolios of three distinct populations of students: traditional-age undergraduates, graduate Education students, and adults returning to school to complete a bachelor’s degree. We set out to explore if and how ePortfolios could support these different …

Can Expert Testimony Sensitize Jurors To Variations In Confession Evidence, Kelsey S. Henderson, Lora M. Levett

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

Confession evidence can be extremely damaging in the courtroom; jurors are more willing to convict based on the presence of a confession than eyewitness evidence and character testimony (Kassin & Neumann, 1997). To date, no research has examined whether jurors notice variations in confession evidence based on whether the confession is consistent or inconsistent with the crime evidence (a likely low quality confession). In Study 1, mock jurors read a trial summary in which a suspect’s confession was consistent or inconsistent with other case facts. Jurors were marginally more likely to convict if the confession and case facts were consistent …

Streaming Video: Cwu And U Of W Partner Up On An Academic Solution, Geri Hopkins, Ginny Blackson

Library Scholarship

An overview of CWU’s implementation of the MediaAmp streaming media cloud service, developed at the University of Washington, for streaming media and digital asset management. Attendees will learn the benefits and challenges of partnering with a peer institution to implement an enterprise streaming media cloud service in on-going development vs. implementing a turn-key solution.

Affirmative Action In American Government Introductory Textbooks, Sherri L. Wallace, Marcus D. Allen

Publications and Research

The history of affirmative action policy consists of a broad collection of executive orders, bureaucratic decisions, course cases, and state legislation designed to eliminate unlawful discrimination of applicants to educational programs or professional employment, to remedy the results of such prior discrimination, and to prevent discrimination in the future. Although targeted legislation has expanded protections beyond underrepresented racial and ethnic groups in education and employment to include women, people of a certain age, people with disabilities and veterans, the actual policy intent of affirmative action remains a source of confusion for students, particularly when college textbooks define the topics within …

Universalizing Primary Education In Sierra Leone: Promises And Pitfalls On The Path To Equity, Grace Pai

Publications and Research

What barriers remain in the progress towards achieving Universal Primary Education (UPE), and how does the UPE agenda affect out-of-school children? Through a mixture of historical, quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis, this study examines these questions using the developing context of Sierra Leone as a case study.

Findings from over 100 interviews show that first of all, the most salient barrier that prevents children from participating in primary school is the fact that school is not free de facto in spite of the national abolishment of primary school fees in 2004. Rather than commonly cited constraints such as a …

Reconstructing Education In Post-Conflict Sierra Leone, Grace Pai

Publications and Research

This study finds that by prioritizing universal development programmes instead of employing a conflict-sensitive approach rooted in attending to the specific inequities present in Sierra Leone, the current education system is ignoring the needs and desires of certain subpopulations of youth. Specifically, although the state has been very successful in increasing overall access to basic education for both boys and girls in rural Sierra Leone, the current focus on improving the quality of academic education has sidelined the growth of technical and vocational education that many youth desire. Instead, sectors such as tertiary education are prioritized above all else.

Furthermore, …

The Usage Of Young Adult Literature As A Vehicle To Teach Cultural Empathy, Samuelle Voltaire

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Social Work education is focused on helping students identify triggers and biases prior to entering the workforce, with an aim towards cultural competence. Class discussions and homework assignments are particularly intentional: through various assignments, students are urged to work on those issues before entering clinical practice. Young Adult (YA) literature has been successfully used in the field of Education to teach empathy and reflectivity regarding diversity to preservice teachers. The use of YA literature may hold promise for Social Work education as a teaching tool, but the extent of current use in Social Work education is unknown. An anonymous survey …

Music And Memory: A Qualitative Look At How Music Affects Episodic Memory, Jonathan A. Coad

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This study was designed to examine qualitative data regarding gender and age differences about significant life events that are recalled when music is remembered. Two groups of participants were recruited, younger adults (M = 19.78, SD = 4.99) and older adults (M = 49.31, SD = 8.72). Data were collected by creating a survey and allowing participants to choose whichever songs, from their own experience, they like and asking them to list detailed memories that are attached to the song. Using the Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (2015) software, data was coded into categories of word count, positive and negative emotions, …

Free To Be Accountable: Extended Self As A Moderator Of Cheating Among Those Primed With Determinism, Vincent M. Iula

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The idea that free will may be an illusion has been a source of great concern. It has led to suggestions that it may be wise to avoid public discussion of this topic lest it lead to a general moral decay. This concern has seemingly been supported by research demonstrating that individuals, when primed with the notion they lack free will, tend to cheat more and prefer less retributive punishment. The current research suggests that these effects can be moderated by the introduction of a second prime. In experiment one, participants believed they were being tested on note-taking and the …

The Transformation And Demise Of Terrorist Organizations: Causes And Categories, Devyani M. Mehta

Honors Undergraduate Theses

In the recent years, the world has experienced devastating losses due to terrorist attacks. Research in the fields of causes of terrorism is abundant, but the amount of research on the end of terrorism does not equally measure up. This paper aims to add to the research focused on analyzing the factors which cause terrorist groups to transition away from violence.

This paper introduces an original categorization of the factors which generate this transition. Factors belong to two categories: internal --decisions made by the terrorist organization, and external--actions or features pertaining to organization outside of non-terrorist organizations. These factors will …

Attitudes Of Mothers And Daughters Towards Menstrual Suppression, Jacqueline M. Devaney

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Recent biomedical advancements, cultural practices, and individual preferences have altered the ways in which biological process such as menstruation are perceived and managed. Increasingly, women are interested in suppressing menstruation to alleviate its negative symptoms, including bloating, menstrual cramps, fatigue, and irritability. This topic is especially relevant for adolescent girls, as mothers and daughters might have to negotiate attitudes towards daughters’ menstrual suppression. Therefore this study aims to examine how this topic is discussed and understood within the mother-daughter dyad. It is also important to consider how these attitudes are shaped by cultural background, ethnicity, socioeconomic class, and religion. Through …

Perception Of Facial Expressions In Social Anxiety And Gaze Anxiety, Aaron Necaise

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This study explored the relationship between gaze anxiety and the perception of facial expressions. The literature suggests that individuals experiencing Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) might have a fear of making direct eye contact, and that these individuals also demonstrate a hypervigilance towards the eye region. It was thought that this increased anxiety concerning eye contact might be related to the tendency of socially anxious individuals to mislabel emotion in the faces of onlookers. A better understanding of the cognitive biases common to SAD could lead to more efficient intervention and assessment methods. In the present study, the Depression Anxiety Stress …

Globalization And The 'Fourth Wave': Contemporary International Terrorism In A Comparative-Historical Perspective, Erika M. Martinez

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Terrorist activity has come to the forefront of political thought in recent years, especially since the attacks on the World Trade Center and Washington D.C on September 11, 2001. President George W. Bush declared a “war on terror” and governments all around the world have taken steps to enhance national security in efforts to prevent terrorist activity. The steps taken are not unwarranted, and in some cases have been successful. The nature of terrorism modernizes just as the world around it does, and as the global community has benefited from globalization and modernization, so have terrorist organizations. This study analyzes …

An Examination Of Individual Differences In The Context Of Performance On A Feedback V. No Feedback Vigilance Task, Jenny A. Walker

Honors Undergraduate Theses

When a task is boring, repetitive, and takes place over a long period of time, individuals have a propensity to experience a gradual decline in performance known as the vigilance decrement (Mackworth, 1948). This negative trend is consistent across most populations (Davies & Parasuraman, 1982), though slight variations can occur based on the characteristics of the task, as well as characteristics of the human performing it. However, despite the many differences between these tasks, most studies are similar in the sense that, more often than not, participants are provided with immediate feedback on their performance throughout most laboratory trials. Yet, …

Effects Of Federal Grant Money On Economic Measures In The Community, Andrea L. Miller

Honors Undergraduate Theses

With the concentration of poverty increasing throughout the United States (Kneebone, 2014) there has been a recent emphasis on mixed-income housing as a means to alleviate this issue. By creating housing in one area with pricing for different income levels it is assumed that the burden imposed by concentrated poverty will be lowered. Many years and many dollars later however, the results of mixed-income housing projects on low-income residents seem to be mixed – while some projects have found success, others seem to suggest that it has little to no effect. The federal program HOPE VI is one example of …

Is The Doctor In? The Effects Of Emigration On The Health Care Systems In Poland And Romania, Gabriela B. Wolk

Honors Undergraduate Theses

The “brain drain” phenomenon encompasses the mass movement of highly educated individuals. Highly-skilled and well-educated migrants are moving to more developed and urban settings, often in search of a higher standard of living and better wages. Since joining the European Union and the Schengen Agreement, Poland and Romania have experienced significant emigration which has subsequently affected their health care systems. Motivations for emigrating from these two countries and the effects emigration has had on patients and other doctors will be considered. The paper also seeks to compare policy responses to the mass medical emigration phenomenon in both countries, as well …

A Comparative Study: Women's Rights In Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, And Tajikistan, Megan A. Ginn

Honors Undergraduate Theses

After 1991 five countries emerged out of the fall of the Soviet Union to create a new region: Central Asia. No longer dominated by Soviet rule these countries fought to overcome barriers to independence and struggled to be seen by the international community as developed countries. However, these countries were far from developed and had to pay the high cost of human rights to get what they desired. This study researches and analyzes how Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan have traded the rights of women to achieve a placebo of development. Two of the largest violations of women’s rights that have …

Piketty Lecture, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes,

• Shaikh, A. (2016, February 27). Graph corrections and Rosser references for the Piketty lecture [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript notes.

• Shaikh, A. (2016). Lecture notes for a speech at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki based on the book Capitalism [Handwritten lecture notes]. Unpublished manuscript notes.

• Shaikh, A. (2015, September 22). Income distribution, Piketty, and econophysics [Manuscript under review]. Eastern Economic Journal.

• Shaikh, A. (2015, November 6). Alvaro Moreno: Comment on Piketty talk [Handwritten notes]. Unpublished manuscript notes.

• Shaikh, A. (2016, June). Income distribution, econophysics, and Piketty [Presentation slides; lecture at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki]. Unpublished presentation materials. …

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Effects Of Perceived Stigma From College Friends On Students Utilizing Mental Health Services, Shammah N. Okai

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

This paper explores the relationship between perceived stigma from friends and the use of mental health services. By reviewing six peer-reviewed articles it was hypothesized that there would be a negative correlation between the number of Virginia Commonwealth University’s Psychology 317 students who perceive that their friends had negative thoughts towards mental health services and the likelihood that those individuals would partake in mental health services. A convenience sample (N= 96) was taken from Dr. Cobb’s Psychology 317 class. A correlation was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 22. The results showed that there was a significant and weak positive correlation …

Meditations On The Machine, Stephanie Schapowal

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

I've been thinking a lot lately about the machine. In my last project the machine took on many different roles, many of which were very human. I recently found myself explaining to someone my empathy for machines and their personalities, and how they shouldn’t necessarily be struggled against or eliminated, but rather embraced. This made me realize my connection to machines is deeper than previously realized, and I wondered–

Can this role reversal work in the other direction? Can I become a machine?

By definition, what is the machine?

The Effect Of Hawaii’S Vast Diversity On Racial And Social Prejudices, Alexandra Frigerio

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Food is the universal language of the world, and Hawaiians speak SPAM. Hawaii is the largest consumer of SPAM in the world, with their own signature recipe, as well as an annual SPAM party which over 20,000 people attend. Hawaiian locals cannot get enough of the stuff, consuming more than 5 million pounds year. SPAM is just one of many beloved foods in Hawaii, all of which are from different cultures. Residents have access to Chinese rice and stir fry, Korean kimchi and marinated meats, Japanese sashimi and bento boxes, Portuguese tomatoes and chili peppers, Puerto Rican casseroles and pasteles, …

Aftermath Of The Hobby Lobby Decision: Implications For Women In The Workforce, Hirsh Shah

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Hobby Lobby is a chain of 640 arts and crafts stores owned by the Green family, based in Oklahoma City. This company is required to follow the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which mandates that larger employers—those with more than 50 employees—have to include coverage for the full range of preventative care, including contraceptives, in their female employees’ health insurance plans. However, the Green family holds deeply religious views and did not want to include four of the twenty contraceptives covered by the ACA, including long acting reversible contraception and emergency contraception, in their female employee coverage. The family believed that …

Body Image Perception: Adolescent Boys And Avatar Depiction In Video Games, Usha Raman

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Research on mass media’s impact on body image has mostly been focused on females thus far. Of the little research that has been done on male body image, most of it has been focused on adult males, and therefore the effect of mass media on adolescent boys’ body image is still a relatively primitive field of knowledge. Through comparing the exposure of adolescent boys to muscular avatars in popular video games, a source of mass media that a majority of adolescent boys are exposed to, and relating it to research done on the effects of frequent ideal image exposure through …

Homo Heidelbergensis: The Tool To Our Success, Alexander Burkard

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Homo heidelbergensis, a physiological variant of the species Homo sapien, is an extinct species that existed in both Europe and parts of Asia from 700,000 years ago to roughly 300,000 years ago (carbon dating). This “subspecies” of Homo sapiens, as it is formally classified, is a direct ancestor of anatomically modern humans, and is understood to have many of the same physiological characteristics as those of anatomically modern humans while still expressing many of the same physiological attributes of Homo erectus, an earlier human ancestor. Since Homo heidelbergensis represents attributes of both species, it has therefore earned the classification as …