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2016

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Articles 10711 - 10740 of 21493

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Anticipated Work-Nonwork Balance And Conflict As Predictors Of Job Choice: Identity Salience As Moderator, Christopher R. Hudson Jr. May 2016

Anticipated Work-Nonwork Balance And Conflict As Predictors Of Job Choice: Identity Salience As Moderator, Christopher R. Hudson Jr.

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This study examines individual job choice decision making with the foreknowledge that such choices will impact the quality of a person’s future work-nonwork roles. It is likely that job applicants have at least some anticipation of the work-nonwork conflict (WNC) and work-nonwork balance (WNB) they will face if they accept a certain job offer. Although most research has provided reasons for organizations to promote WNB and reduce WNC in the workplace, little research has examined the influence of anticipated WNB and WNC on applicant job choice. The present study explores this question and considers whether a person’s work and nonwork …

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Socializing To Recover From Work Stress: The Benefits Of Acting Extraverted, Robert Harste May 2016

Socializing To Recover From Work Stress: The Benefits Of Acting Extraverted, Robert Harste

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of socializing, or activities that are characterized by social interaction, on recovery from work stress. Drawing from consistent findings in personality research, we hypothesized that individuals who measure high in extraversion receive the greatest recovery benefits from socializing, and that this relationship is mediated by state positive affect. An online assessment was administered to 238 participants to measure trait extraversion, trait and state affect, and factors related to their social activities across two recent time periods. Hypotheses were tested using correlational and regression-based techniques. The findings provide support for a …

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Scared To Death: An Examination Of Underlying Terror Following Death Awareness, Robert B. Arrowood May 2016

Scared To Death: An Examination Of Underlying Terror Following Death Awareness, Robert B. Arrowood

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

According to Terror Management Theory, when mortality is made salient the potential to experience terror causes powerful worldview defenses to manifest to suppress this potential. Recently, however, the theory has been criticized because no actual evidence has been found to show this potential to experience terror. The current research used Galvanic Skin Response and a battery of self-report measures (e.g. negative affect, stress, fear, distress, etc.) to attempt to provide evidence of potential terror. The results were partially confirmatory suggesting that although mortality salience failed to evoke arousal, negative affect, and stress, it did evoke sadness and distress and suggests …

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Monitoring In Laboratory And Real-World Tasks, Allen L. Nida May 2016

Monitoring In Laboratory And Real-World Tasks, Allen L. Nida

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Remembering to complete a future task, known as prospective memory (PM), often requires expending attention toward monitoring for the opportunity to complete that task. Current research indicates a lack of evidence for an individual’s ability or propensity to monitor during laboratory PM tasks having any real-world correlate. This study assessed the relationship between monitoring during two PM tasks and performance during the UTC Multiple Errands Test (UTC-MET), a naturalistic measure of executive function. A sample of 8 healthy older adults was compared to 9 older adults diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. While accuracy on an eye-tracking PM task was a significant …

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Waiting For The Right Place And Right Time: Belief Content Correlates Of Academic Procrastination, Steven S. Littrell May 2016

Waiting For The Right Place And Right Time: Belief Content Correlates Of Academic Procrastination, Steven S. Littrell

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The present study investigated a conditional model of dispositional and situational variables to predict academic procrastination and academic achievement. Traditional predictive models focus on personality traits, specifically conscientiousness and neuroticism. The dispositional variables of interest in the present study were self-regard, frustration intolerance, grit, and goal orientation. The situational variables were course/task self-efficacy, boredom, and task value. It was hypothesized that self-regard, frustration intolerance, grit, and goal orientation would each be associated with self-efficacy, boredom, task value, academic procrastination and academic achievement and that the conditional model would more strongly predict both academic procrastination and academic achievement than personality traits …

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Active Or Passive? An Examination Of The Relationship Between The Valence Of Work Experiences And Choice Of Recovery Strategy, Ashley Keating May 2016

Active Or Passive? An Examination Of The Relationship Between The Valence Of Work Experiences And Choice Of Recovery Strategy, Ashley Keating

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Regular work days place a strain on employees, depleting precious resources which must be recovered. Recovery results from either passive or active activities. Little research has examined the effect of positive and negative experiences at work and their impact on recovery. The present study investigated how positive or negative experiences at work impact one’s choice of recovery strategy outside of work. I hypothesized that positive experiences at work are positively correlated with a person’s likelihood of engaging in active recovery due to gained resources, and vice versa. The sample for this study consisted of full-time employees with a regular working …

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Factors Of Political Party Competitiveness In Mississippi, Anna Kate Baygents May 2016

Factors Of Political Party Competitiveness In Mississippi, Anna Kate Baygents

Honors Theses

This research project examines the relationship between urbanization and political party competitiveness in Mississippi. Using elections results from the 2011 and the 2015 Mississippi House of Representatives races, this project seeks to find if there is a relationship between urbanization and competitiveness in Mississippi, and if not, which factors do affect competitiveness. Previous research indicates that as an area urbanizes, its elections become more competitive among different political parties. However, this study finds that there is no clear correlation between urbanization and party competitiveness in Mississippi elections, and that other factors, including race, education, and geographic location, may have more …

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Effectiveness Of A Smartphone App As An Adjunct To Therapy For Depression, Caitlin Massop May 2016

Effectiveness Of A Smartphone App As An Adjunct To Therapy For Depression, Caitlin Massop

Theses and Dissertations

Over the years, depression and treatments for depression have been extensively researched. However, as times have changed and technology has become an integrated aspect into many indivdiual’s lives, including those with depression, researched mental health treatments have been slow to appreciate technological advances such as the smartphone app. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a smartphone app in addition to CBT as compared to CBT with paper homework when treating depression. Using a single-case design, as described by Kazdin (2011), with two participants this study found that both participants experienced a decrease in depression scores …

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Constructing The Political Identity Of Generation Next: A Focus Group Study, Ryan Graham May 2016

Constructing The Political Identity Of Generation Next: A Focus Group Study, Ryan Graham

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

In the midst of an election season, research in the areas of politics and democratic engagement become increasingly important. Framed by concepts from social constructionism, this study used focus group interviews to better understand salient political values and citizenship norms among America's youth. Through personal experience and reflection, participants in this qualitative study were able to produce meaningful data from which one may draw general conclusions. The three major themes appeared as 1) socialization & development, 2) lack of faith, and 3) expanded notions of citizenship and engagement. Ultimately, results from this study suggested that America's youth have constructed a …

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A Situational Application Of Myth To A New Conservative Narrative: The Rhetoric Of Thad Cochran, Nickolas James Nickols May 2016

A Situational Application Of Myth To A New Conservative Narrative: The Rhetoric Of Thad Cochran, Nickolas James Nickols

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

In 2014, Republican Senator Thad Cochran became "the fifth-longest serving senator in the nation's history" (Ward, 2014, para. 5). Yet, Cochran lost to an upstart conservative in the first round of Mississippi's Republican primary and, in response, wielded the power of myth to realign his state's conservative trajectory. In light of this event, the following analysis positioned a rhetorical reading of Cochran's campaign materials thru the lens of myth, revealing three strategic elements that allowed the senator to coalesce an unlikely base. Particularly highlighted are Cochran's transcendence of party labels and ideology, his attempt to position himself as the hero …

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Family Group Conference Experiences From The Perspective Of Volunteer Facilitators, Rebecca Ann Saunders May 2016

Family Group Conference Experiences From The Perspective Of Volunteer Facilitators, Rebecca Ann Saunders

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

This study examined the experiences of volunteer Family Group Conference (FGC) facilitators for the purpose of understanding how they experience and manage their role in the FGC process. By focusing on the benefits and challenges of volunteer FGC facilitators, this research adds a new perspective to the limited literature on FGC facilitators. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 11 volunteer Family Group Conference facilitators in order to create a deeper understanding of these volunteers' experiences. The Ecosystems Perspective and Uncertainty Reduction Theory created a framework for understanding the complex role of the FGC facilitator and allowed for a more detailed …

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The Identity Of Leave-Taking: A Multi-Methodological Qualitative Sensemaking Explanation, Janice Nadine Hersey May 2016

The Identity Of Leave-Taking: A Multi-Methodological Qualitative Sensemaking Explanation, Janice Nadine Hersey

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Many church organizations require women to adhere to a strict code of conduct and dress that affects every area of their lives. While some women choose to create a narrative that validates these guidelines, others choose to leave the church. The purpose of this study is to explicate how women who have left the United Pentecostal Church (UPC), a legalistic splinter group of Pentecostalism, make sense of that decision, redefine their language, and construct new identities in and through the leave-taking process. Current research on women in gendered faith-based organizations focuses on feminist theory and folklore, often ignoring the voices …

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Setting The Table In 19th Century St. Louis: The Utility Of Glass Tableware Analysis In The Archaeology Of Domesticity And Consumerism, Grace Lynn Gronniger May 2016

Setting The Table In 19th Century St. Louis: The Utility Of Glass Tableware Analysis In The Archaeology Of Domesticity And Consumerism, Grace Lynn Gronniger

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

The historical archaeology of domesticity and consumption relies heavily on the analysis of ceramic tableware artifacts. Few archaeologists have seriously incorporated analyses of glass tableware into this body of research, even though glass tableware was intensively marketed and is a common and durable domestic artifact class. My research addresses this problem through a study of glass tableware from Victorian Age (1830s – 1900s) residential sites in St. Louis, Missouri. This is done, in part, by adapting methods of historic ceramic artifact analysis to the analysis of historic glassware. Applying it in a historical archaeological study of household consumption in relation …

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The Relationship Between Superstition And Confidence In Sport, Taylor Jon Ptacek May 2016

The Relationship Between Superstition And Confidence In Sport, Taylor Jon Ptacek

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between superstition and confidence in sport. The Superstitious Rituals Questionnaire, a single-item confidence question, the confidence subscales from the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory- 28, Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2, Ottawa Mental Skills Assessment Tool-3, Trait Sport Confidence Inventory, and the New General Self-Efficacy Scale were used to measure superstitions and self-efficacy among the athletes. A convenience sample of current and former NCAA athletes (N = 109, n = 61 males, n = 48 females) were sent the link to the questionnaire on Qualtrics. Results showed that athletes used a mean of …

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Roommate Conflcit: An Actions Approach To Conflict Through Text-Messaging, Shaley Moore May 2016

Roommate Conflcit: An Actions Approach To Conflict Through Text-Messaging, Shaley Moore

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Research demonstrates that roommate conflict can lead to lasting physical, mental, and behavioral problems including anxiety, depression, or academic burnout (Dusselier, Dunn, Wang, Shalley, & Whalen, 2005). This research explores roommate conflict through Dillard's (1990) Goals-Plans-Action (GPA) model, specifically examining conflict mangement through text messages. Additionally, this research examines the goals, tactic plans, and action behaviors roommates use in conflict. Understanding how roommates manage conflict through text-messaging provides insight into the role that computer mediated communication (CMC) plays in interpersonal conflict and how roommates achieve personal goals through CMC. Qualitative data were collected through eight one-on-one interviews guided by participant …

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Disparate Bilingual Experiences Modulate Task-Switching Advantages: A Diffusion-Model Analysis Of The Effects Of Interactional Context On Switch Costs, Andree Hartanto, Hwajin Yang May 2016

Disparate Bilingual Experiences Modulate Task-Switching Advantages: A Diffusion-Model Analysis Of The Effects Of Interactional Context On Switch Costs, Andree Hartanto, Hwajin Yang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Drawing on the adaptive control hypothesis (Green & Abutalebi, 2013), we investigated whether bilinguals' disparate interactional contexts modulate task-switching performance. Seventy-five bilinguals within the single-language context (SLC) and 58 bilinguals within the dual-language context (DLC) were compared in a typical task-switching paradigm. Given that DLC bilinguals switch between languages within the same context, while SLC bilinguals speak only one language in one environment and therefore rarely switch languages, we hypothesized that the two groups' stark difference in their interactional contexts of conversational exchanges would lead to differences in switch costs. As predicted, DLC bilinguals showed smaller switch costs than SLC …

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Age Matters: The Effect Of Onset Age Of Video Game Play On Task-Switching Abilities, Andree Hartanto, Wei Xing Toh, Hwajin Yang May 2016

Age Matters: The Effect Of Onset Age Of Video Game Play On Task-Switching Abilities, Andree Hartanto, Wei Xing Toh, Hwajin Yang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Although prior research suggests that playing video games can improve cognitive abilities, recent empirical studies cast doubt on such findings (Unsworth et al., 2015). To reconcile these inconsistent findings, we focused on the link between video games and task switching. Furthermore, we conceptualized video-game expertise as the onset age of active video-game play rather than the frequency of recent gameplay, as it captures both how long a person has played video games and whether the individual began playing during periods of high cognitive plasticity. We found that the age of active onset better predicted switch and mixing costs than did …

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Religious Aspirations Among Urban Christians In Contemporary Indonesia, Chang Yau Hoon May 2016

Religious Aspirations Among Urban Christians In Contemporary Indonesia, Chang Yau Hoon

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Recognizing that the Christians in Indonesia are not a homogeneous group, this article examines the various contested spiritual, social, and political aspirations of urban Christians in the contexts of the historical trajectory of Indonesian modernity, forces of globalization and urbanization, the role of capital, and the development of Islam - the indispensable religious 'Other' to this minority religion in contemporary Indonesia. It sheds light on the ways in which this minority exercises agency in using political participation and social activism as a counterbalance to the growing Islamization of Indonesia, and how they strategically utilize their extensive economic, social, and political …

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From Gettysburg To Townsville, Australia And Back, Caroline A. Ehrhardt Apr 2016

From Gettysburg To Townsville, Australia And Back, Caroline A. Ehrhardt

Celebration

I studied abroad in Townsville, AU in the Fall 2014 and had the semester of my life. I am biology major, who has always wanted to pursue a career with animals and I got to run hands on experiments at James Cook University. I collected research on wild rock wallabies, I got Open Water Padi Dive certified and dove throughout Australia and Bali, Indonesia. I got up close with wild sharks, eels, jellyfish, and a variety of tropical fish. I joined the co-ed soccer and disc team. Most importantly, I became friends with amazing people from all over the world.

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Boleto Y Entrada: A Roundtrip Ticket To A Year Abroad, Elizabeth M. Belair Apr 2016

Boleto Y Entrada: A Roundtrip Ticket To A Year Abroad, Elizabeth M. Belair

Celebration

A presentation to illustrate my work with the Global Leaders of Gettysburg College (GLGC) program at Gettysburg College.

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Analyzing Media Representations Of Male Rape And Debunking Myths On 'Law And Order Special Victims Unit', Ryan J. Stephens Apr 2016

Analyzing Media Representations Of Male Rape And Debunking Myths On 'Law And Order Special Victims Unit', Ryan J. Stephens

Celebration

The project that I have done shows the importance of recognizing that male rape does exist and that it is more frequent than people think. By using Law and Order Special Victims Unit I am able to portray how myths about male rape are debunked and how the show creates new ways of thinking about male rape. Little research has been conducted about male rape and what we do know comes from the myths that are created in society and reinforced by false representations in the media. The research also concludes that we need more research to fully understand the …

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The Roma And Sinti In Germany: Orientalism And Exclusion From German Historical Narratives (Romantisiert, Kriminalisiert, Und Abgewertet: Orientalismus Und Narrative Der Roma Und Sinti In Deutschland), Kimberly A. Longfellow Apr 2016

The Roma And Sinti In Germany: Orientalism And Exclusion From German Historical Narratives (Romantisiert, Kriminalisiert, Und Abgewertet: Orientalismus Und Narrative Der Roma Und Sinti In Deutschland), Kimberly A. Longfellow

Celebration

The Roma and Sinti represent presence and absence in German culture. Although there has been a population of Roma and Sinti in Germany for centuries, they are often perceived by the German majority population as distinctly "eastern" and, as such, non-German. The perceptions of Roma by the German majority population mimic Orientalist assumptions, where the Roma are romanticized, criminalized, and generally devalued in comparison to Eurocentric narratives. Through an analysis of the Roma presence in German history, literature, and current events, one can see that the experience of the Roma in Germany is largely structured by the perceptions and assumptions …

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Vietnamese Contract Workers In The East German Republic, Sean W. Hough Apr 2016

Vietnamese Contract Workers In The East German Republic, Sean W. Hough

Celebration

This paper will analyze the historical and cultural conditions that affected how the German Democratic Republic treated one of its largest minority groups, the Vietnamese. During the height of the Cold War and as Decolonization reached its peak phase in the 1960s and 70s, these two factors pushed the GDR and Vietnam closer, which resulted in an exchange in workers. Contract Workers were brought to the GDR to work in an environment "united in socialist solidarity." However, despite this rhetoric, age-old racism, xenophobia, and Orientalism still infiltrated the so called "Socialist Paradise," as the GDR was often called by its …

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Archival Processing Science, Stefanie A. Caloia Apr 2016

Archival Processing Science, Stefanie A. Caloia

Reuther Library Scholarly Publications

Archival collections come in all sizes, formats, and subjects, and it is impossible for any archival education program to cover all situations that professional archivists encounter. Proper planning is essential to processing and paramount when a collection comprises hundreds of linear feet, yet it is often difficult to develop and implement processing plans when drawing on your experience alone. This presentation details a method of conducting a pre-archival processing survey that can be useful through all processing stages, as well as some additional tips on handling archival materials.

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The Masculinized Work Of Energy Development: Unequal Opportunities And Risks For Women In Pennsylvania Shale Gas Boomtown Communities, Erin Mchenry-Sorber, Kai A. Schafft, Ian Burfoot-Rochford, Daniella Hall Apr 2016

The Masculinized Work Of Energy Development: Unequal Opportunities And Risks For Women In Pennsylvania Shale Gas Boomtown Communities, Erin Mchenry-Sorber, Kai A. Schafft, Ian Burfoot-Rochford, Daniella Hall

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

The proliferation of unconventional shale gas development has revived scholarly interest in the impacts of rapid industrial development on communities, schools, policies and politics, public health, the environment, and economic growth. However, with few exceptions, close examinations of the gendered structure of opportunity within areas experiencing rapid shale gas development have largely been absent from this literature. This article uses key informant interview data from low income men and women, as well as from social service providers within Pennsylvania communities heavily affected by shale gas development. In contrast to assertions that shale gas development will yield broad-based economic development impacts …

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Problem Analysis In Community Violence Assessments: Reavealing Early Childhood Trauma As A Driver Of Youth And Gang Violence, Laurie Ross Phd, Samantha Arsenault, Sergeant Miguel Lopez Apr 2016

Problem Analysis In Community Violence Assessments: Reavealing Early Childhood Trauma As A Driver Of Youth And Gang Violence, Laurie Ross Phd, Samantha Arsenault, Sergeant Miguel Lopez

Mosakowski Institute for Public Enterprise

Problem analysis conducted by a university-based research partner can provide communities with data-driven options to address the local drivers of serious youth and gang violence. Situated in Worcester, Massachusetts, this article describes how after early childhood trauma was identified as a potential driver of adolescent and young adult violence, problem analysis using local data confirmed that being the victim or witness of a traumatic incident before the age of 12 was significantly correlated with involvement in violence in adolescence or young adulthood. While there is a robust literature on the relationship between early childhood trauma and later delinquency, local decision-makers …

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Appalachia, Usa: An Empirical Note And Agenda For Future Research, Russell Weaver Apr 2016

Appalachia, Usa: An Empirical Note And Agenda For Future Research, Russell Weaver

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Drawing regional bright-lines to separate one “kind” of space from another is often complex and nebulous, if not impossible, in social science research. These circumstances generate two countervailing tendencies: they (1) promote multiple conceptualizations of a given ideational region; and (2) increase demand for a standardized operational definition of that region with which to facilitate intertemporal and interdisciplinary empirical research. These two tendencies animate much of the discourse on “Appalachian” geographies in America. While comparatively theoretically-oriented work emphasizes the unbounded, socially constructed nature of Appalachia, empirical research must often represent the region as a bounded spatial unit. The operational definition …

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Self-Reported Familiarity Of Hydraulic Fracturing And Support For Natural Gas Drilling: Substantive And Methodological Considerations, Fern K. Willits, Gene L. Theodori, A. E. Luloff Apr 2016

Self-Reported Familiarity Of Hydraulic Fracturing And Support For Natural Gas Drilling: Substantive And Methodological Considerations, Fern K. Willits, Gene L. Theodori, A. E. Luloff

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

The widespread use of hydraulic fracturing in the natural gas industry in the United States has led to criticism by environmentalists and the public who see the process as threatening both the quality and quantity of local water supplies. However, there has been little research directed to assessing the extent to which citizens believe they are familiar with the process of hydraulic fracturing and little analysis dealing with the correlates of subjects’ sociodemographic characteristics with such familiarity or its effects on individual’s support or opposition to natural gas drilling. The current note examines these issues using data from a 2012 …

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Financial Integration In Asean-5, Laura Grace Gabriella, Revathy Suryanarayana, Vania Esady Apr 2016

Financial Integration In Asean-5, Laura Grace Gabriella, Revathy Suryanarayana, Vania Esady

Economics and Finance in Indonesia

The financial integration in South East Asia has varied over time. This paper focuses on three periods: before, during, and after the global financial crisis in 2008. This paper finds that ASEAN-5 countries have indeed taken a step towards financial integration. While we do not observe any (cointegrating) long-run relationships between the ASEAN-5 countries, we find that there has been a significant increase in the volatility spillovers between them. This is particularly true in the recovery period following the global financial crisis.

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Recreational Needs And Practices Of Youth Living In Rural Areas In Quebec: Views And Concerns Of Stakeholders And Parents, Romain Roult, Denis Auger, Chantal Royer, Jean-Marc Adjizian Apr 2016

Recreational Needs And Practices Of Youth Living In Rural Areas In Quebec: Views And Concerns Of Stakeholders And Parents, Romain Roult, Denis Auger, Chantal Royer, Jean-Marc Adjizian

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Public recreation in rural areas is often a key factor in fighting the devitalization of small municipalities. Additionally, recreational activities support youth in their identity and social development, for instance through generated social interactions. Based on a qualitative case study conducted in Quebec, this research seeks to identify the needs and sought-after forms of recreational activities for youth living in rural areas according to local stakeholders and parents, and, simultaneously, to estimate land management, governance, and social actions that will improve the recreational offer already in place. Results show that the interviewed stakeholders are aware of the merits of leisure …

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