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2014

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Articles 9391 - 9420 of 18484

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Ceramics From The Weeksville Excavations, Brooklyn, New York, Bert Salwen, Sarah Bridges Apr 2014

The Ceramics From The Weeksville Excavations, Brooklyn, New York, Bert Salwen, Sarah Bridges

Northeast Historical Archaeology

No abstract is available at this time.

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Editor's Message, Lee Hanson Apr 2014

Editor's Message, Lee Hanson

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Editor's introduction to the volume.

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Maintaining The Boundaries: Teacher Preparation Program Admission Criteria For Screening Quality Candidates, Rebekah Miller-Levy, Diane Taylor, Laurie Hawke Apr 2014

Maintaining The Boundaries: Teacher Preparation Program Admission Criteria For Screening Quality Candidates, Rebekah Miller-Levy, Diane Taylor, Laurie Hawke

Administrative Issues Journal

This study examines several Texas university-based teacher preparation program screening measures and admission criteria. The researchers examined those measures stipulated in the Texas Administrative Code, as well as criteria that exceeded those required by the state. Identifying these measures and criteria will allow programs to maintain the boundaries of who becomes a teacher, thus providing the quality teachers required to educate productive members of society.

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Does The Nyt Editorial Board Understand Higher Education?, Michael Hemesath Apr 2014

Does The Nyt Editorial Board Understand Higher Education?, Michael Hemesath

Administration Publications

No abstract provided.

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Columbia Chronicle (04/07/2014), Columbia College Chicago Apr 2014

Columbia Chronicle (04/07/2014), Columbia College Chicago

Columbia Chronicle

Student newspaper from April 7, 2014 entitled The Columbia Chronicle. This issue is 40 pages and is listed as Volume 49, Number 25. Cover story: "'Israeli/Palestinian Conflic' section reinstated: AAUP inquiry contends college violated professor's academic freedom" Editor-in-Chief: Lindsey Woods

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Two Is Not Always Better Than One, Ann M. Sasala Apr 2014

Two Is Not Always Better Than One, Ann M. Sasala

SURGE

Since moving to Berlin in January for my semester abroad, I have witnessed many fantastic scenes while riding the U-Bahn. Ranging from a suit-clad man hurdle-jumping into the train to women in hijabs gossiping about another passenger in a burqa, my glimpses of Berlin never cease to amaze me, but last week, as I watched a family say goodbye, the children tearfully waving long after the train left, I shot back to my own tearful goodbyes. The exchange I saw was so loving, the exact opposite of all those years I transferred from one parent to the other: every Monday, …

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Grand Valley Forum, Volume 038, Number 28, April 7, 2014, Grand Valley State University Apr 2014

Grand Valley Forum, Volume 038, Number 28, April 7, 2014, Grand Valley State University

2013-2014, Volume 38

Grand Valley Forum is Grand Valley State's faculty and staff newsletter, published from 1976 to the present.

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Perspective Taking In Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Analysis Of Neural Correlates And The Role Of Empathy, Whitney Worsham, Dr. Michael Larson, Dr. Mikle South Apr 2014

Perspective Taking In Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Analysis Of Neural Correlates And The Role Of Empathy, Whitney Worsham, Dr. Michael Larson, Dr. Mikle South

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this research project was to test the hypothesis that, when seeing individuals in distress, children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) displayed decreased neural activity and empathy towards others relative to typically developing children when seeing individuals in distress. In order to test this hypothesis, we utilized electroencephalogram (EEG) and eventrelated potentials (ERP) to measure the electrical activity of the brain while showing pictures of individuals in distress to children diagnosed with ASD and a sample of healthy children.

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The Predictive Capabilities Of Ketamine Sensitivity For Future Alcohol Consumption, Andrea Sorenson, Dr. J. Dee Higley Apr 2014

The Predictive Capabilities Of Ketamine Sensitivity For Future Alcohol Consumption, Andrea Sorenson, Dr. J. Dee Higley

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Alcohol is one of the most abused drugs in the United States; with a large number of adolescents having used alcohol. A substantive portion of those adolescents (15%, about 7% females and 20% of males) will go on to become addicted to alcohol. Because alcoholism is such a large issue it is imperative that research is done to find a predictive measure for alcoholism (Kessler et al, 1994). This study proposed looking at the relationship alcohol drinking patterns and responses to the anesthetic ketamine in adolescent rhesus macaque monkeys. If there is a relationship between ketamine and alcohol consumption this …

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We The Evangelicals: Religion’S Effect On Individuals’ Populist Attitudes, Erin Lee Wells, Dr. Kirk Hawkins Apr 2014

We The Evangelicals: Religion’S Effect On Individuals’ Populist Attitudes, Erin Lee Wells, Dr. Kirk Hawkins

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Populism is a set of ideas that sees a strict dichotomy of corrupt elite suppressing the unified will of people (Hawkins 2009). From the Populist Party of the 1890’s to the current day Tea Party, populist ideas have a long history of use in America and have been used in a number of pressing political arguments (Kazin 1995). While populist attitudes have been very well documented and frequently studied in countries outside the United States, (Hawkins 2009) few scholars have documented populist attitudes in America. Further, little work has been done to explain where populist ideas come from. Despite all …

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Barriers To Civil Society Activity, Taylor Malia Richards, Dr. Darren Hawkins Apr 2014

Barriers To Civil Society Activity, Taylor Malia Richards, Dr. Darren Hawkins

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Foreign aid, and aid effectiveness, has been one of the most heated debates in international relations and US foreign policy in the past several decades. Is aid ever effective? Under what conditions? At stake are billions of dollars and, potentially, millions of lives and livelihoods. The most frequently cited concern is that much aid is “lost” in countries with poor governance; used up in corrupt, inefficient, and unprepared bureaucracies. The governance condition, while empirically contested, has nonetheless become conventional wisdom among donors. To avoid this loss, donors increasingly bypass poor governments by subcontracting projects to Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). NGOs are …

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Creating Learning Systems: Lessons From Public Health Practice-Based Research Networks, Glen P. Mays Apr 2014

Creating Learning Systems: Lessons From Public Health Practice-Based Research Networks, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

Practice-based research networks (PBRNs) provide powerful mechanisms for implementing research studies that evaluate the health and economic effects of delivery system innovations. This presentation reviews strategies, emerging findings, and lessons learned from PBRNs and related studies conducted in U.S. public health settings. We give special focus to studies that examine multi-organizational and cross-sectoral strategies for population health improvement.

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Electroencephalography Analysis Of Cognition In Multiple Sclerosis, James Price, Dr. Ramona Hopkins Apr 2014

Electroencephalography Analysis Of Cognition In Multiple Sclerosis, James Price, Dr. Ramona Hopkins

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. It is believed to be caused by an abnormal autoimmune response to cells in the brain responsible for insulating and supporting neuronal cells. The initial focal site of injury is the myelin sheath surrounding neuronal axons, which can lead to neuron damage through axonal dysfunction and destruction (Lassmann 2008). This damage presents a variety of symptoms. Common symptoms contain components of cognitive, motor, and emotional impairments. Studies indicate that 40-70% of individuals with MS have cognitive impairments including deficits in memory, processing speed, attention, and executive functioning (Rogers …

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Arabic Study Abroad: An Exploratory Study Of Connections Between Journal Writing And Language Gains, Kendon Kurzer, Dr. Dan Dewey Apr 2014

Arabic Study Abroad: An Exploratory Study Of Connections Between Journal Writing And Language Gains, Kendon Kurzer, Dr. Dan Dewey

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This project explored connections between language gains and instances of positive and negative responses as recorded in pseudo-dialogue journals kept by second language learners of Arabic participating in a study abroad (SA) program to Jordan. Daily journals from seven of forty-four total participants were analyzed for this project: those of the four students who showed the most proficiency gains over the course of the program as determined by pre- and post-study abroad program Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) scores, and those of the three students who showed no proficiency gains between their pre- and post-program OPI scores. Trends noted included the …

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Association Between Heavy-Metal Exposure And The Digit-Symbol Substitution Test In Us Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Parker Woody, Dawson Hedges Apr 2014

Association Between Heavy-Metal Exposure And The Digit-Symbol Substitution Test In Us Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Parker Woody, Dawson Hedges

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Heavy metals in the environment are a serious concern. One of the most widely known and studied neurotoxins is lead. For many years it was put into gasoline and paint in the US until it was discovered that it lead to developmental defects and affected cognitive functioning. There is a concern that other heavy metals could have adverse effects as well. Much research has focused on exposure to heavy metals in those exposed to abnormally high levels, such as those found in occupational exposures. Very little has been done examining heavy metal levels in the body such as those that …

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Word Quality And Memory, Marshall Roedel, Dr. C. Brock Kirwan Apr 2014

Word Quality And Memory, Marshall Roedel, Dr. C. Brock Kirwan

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Current memory theory suggests that two separate processes contribute to recognition memory. Recollection is when recognition is accompanied by contextual information regarding the encoding event. Familiarity is when recognition is only a companied by a vague sense of having encountered something previously.

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Does Money Matter? A Case Study Of The Effect Of Economic Disparity On Support For Separatist Political Parties, Paul Russell, Dr. Wade Jacoby Apr 2014

Does Money Matter? A Case Study Of The Effect Of Economic Disparity On Support For Separatist Political Parties, Paul Russell, Dr. Wade Jacoby

Journal of Undergraduate Research

I was awarded an ORCA grant to study the causes of support for separatist political parties in Belgium. In January of 2011, I had the opportunity to travel to Belgium as an intern for a political party at the European Parliament in Brussels. The grant that I received helped to make this possible and gave me the chance to see the conflict between northern Belgium (Flanders) and southern Belgium (Wallonia) first hand. During my time in Belgium – and for months afterwards – the country had no viable central government. Political parties from the two main regions were unable to …

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The Role Of Sleep In Accounting For Racial Gaps In Educational Achievement, Jonathan Stevens, Dr. Eric R. Eide Apr 2014

The Role Of Sleep In Accounting For Racial Gaps In Educational Achievement, Jonathan Stevens, Dr. Eric R. Eide

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Research has clearly shown that there is a gap in educational achievement between black and white middle and high school students. Thus far studies have focused primarily on family background and school inputs in explaining the achievement gap, however, the role of racial health differences is largely unexplored. Sleep is a health indicator that shows marked racial differences and as such, we examine how much sleep differences account for racial differences in student achievement.

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Helping The Disadvantaged: A Longitudinal Examination Of Club Participation On Behavioral Outcomes, John Whitney, Dr. Renata Forste Apr 2014

Helping The Disadvantaged: A Longitudinal Examination Of Club Participation On Behavioral Outcomes, John Whitney, Dr. Renata Forste

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This study was designed as a program assessment for school-aged youth attending Boys and Girls Clubs in the greater Salt Lake City area. The study focused on the relationship between length of membership at the club on behavioral outcomes particularly with the goal of a reduction of delinquent behaviors. The original study was designed to be a longitudinal study of club participants whereby the participant’s responses were recorded using their club ID. These IDs would be used to track how individual respondent’s attitudes and behaviors changed over the course of two years as a result of their club participation. Due …

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Returns On Time Investment: The Impact Of Family Social Capital On A Child’S Labor Market Outcomes, Elizabeth Warnick, Dr. John Hoffmann Apr 2014

Returns On Time Investment: The Impact Of Family Social Capital On A Child’S Labor Market Outcomes, Elizabeth Warnick, Dr. John Hoffmann

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The troubling trend of increasing economic inequality in the United States can be partially attributed to one’s background; every person in the United States is born with a degree of advantage or disadvantage. However, the extent to which this initial inequality affects labor market outcomes, such as income, has yet to be clearly defined. An individual’s background can be understood in terms of capital, which has been conceptualized in three ways: financial, human and social (Coleman 1988). Family financial capital is commonly measured by income, while human capital can be measured by parental education level. Social capital is a more …

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Academic Achievement Among Immigrant Youth: Does School Matter More Than Home?, Jessica Thompson, Dr. Mikaela Dufur Apr 2014

Academic Achievement Among Immigrant Youth: Does School Matter More Than Home?, Jessica Thompson, Dr. Mikaela Dufur

Journal of Undergraduate Research

As a research team at BYU we study academic achievement and delinquency among youth. Our goal is to provide a new portrait of how investment at home and at school results in returns to children and adolescents in these areas. There is currently increased pressure on schools to be accountable for student outcomes, and No Child Left Behind ties teacher compensation and funding for schools to student achievement. But given the complexity of the processes through which student achievement is realized, will this school-centered strategy actually work? Because families play such a crucial role in promoting academic achievement, could it …

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From Symbolic To Social Boundaries: The Utah Minuteman Project, Keaton Robertson, Dr. Charlie Morgan Apr 2014

From Symbolic To Social Boundaries: The Utah Minuteman Project, Keaton Robertson, Dr. Charlie Morgan

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Social movements, such as the Utah Minuteman Project (UMP) play an important role in shaping public opinion on critical immigration issues. Utah, regarded as a sanctuary state by antiillegal immigrant movements, is one of ten states that grant in-state tuition to anyone who graduates from a Utah high school without proof of residency. Furthermore, it was the first state to offer driving privilege cards to “Individuals who are unable to establish legal/lawful presence and who are ineligible for a US Social Security Number,” including undocumented immigrants. After the emergence of the Minutemen, numerous so-called “anti-immigrant” legislation has been proposed at …

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Three African Futures, John Page Apr 2014

Three African Futures, John Page

Brookings Scholar Lecture Series

Africa has experienced a remarkable turn-around in economic performance since 1995. It grew at around 4.6 percent per year during the first decade of the 21st century, and the region boasts three of the world’s ten fastest-growing countries. Cheerleaders as diverse as the Economist and the World Bank have branded Africa the developing world’s next “frontier market”. But beneath the headlines lie some disturbing realities. Africa is not creating enough good jobs – those capable of paying decent wages and providing opportunities to develop skills – and it is not reducing poverty at the same rate as other parts of …

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The Next Phase, Matt Borg, Athena Hoeppner Apr 2014

The Next Phase, Matt Borg, Athena Hoeppner

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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Factors Influencing Language Gains For Chinese Speakers During Study Abroad, Spencer Ring, Andrew Westover, Dr. Dan Dewey Apr 2014

Factors Influencing Language Gains For Chinese Speakers During Study Abroad, Spencer Ring, Andrew Westover, Dr. Dan Dewey

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In this project, we aimed to investigate factors that influence study abroad students’ development of linguistic proficiency in Mandarin Chinese. We decided to focus on Mandarin Chinese because, as Dewey (2007) observes, an understanding of what factors affect the development of proficiency in Asian languages is limited compared with European languages, which have received more research focus in second language acquisition studies.

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Modeling Home Market Value Using Remote Sensing Vegetation Indices, Carson Stam, Dr. Ryan Jensen Apr 2014

Modeling Home Market Value Using Remote Sensing Vegetation Indices, Carson Stam, Dr. Ryan Jensen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

As the principal habitat of the human race, urban areas require a high degree of attention and research. The United Nations has estimated that slightly over 50% of the world’s population now lives in urban areas. This number is projected to increase steadily in the coming decades. The ability to understand our habitat as a species is key to understanding our future. An important component of any urban area is the urban forest. McPherson and Luttinger (1996) stated that “[r]esearch is revealing that with proper management and care, urban forests can contribute to the economic vitality and the quality of …

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A Meta-Analytic Evaluation Of The Ern As A Biological Marker Of Depression And Anxiety, David Rackham, Dr. Michael Larson Apr 2014

A Meta-Analytic Evaluation Of The Ern As A Biological Marker Of Depression And Anxiety, David Rackham, Dr. Michael Larson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Anxiety and depression disorders have a high rate of prevalence in the adult U.S. population (anxiety 18.1%; depression 9.5%; “Mental Disorders,” 2010). Indeed, it is estimated that by the year 2020 depression will be the second most prevalent health concern worldwide for all ages and both sexes (“Depression,” n.d., para. 2). Many disciplines are seeking effective treatment options, as well as exploring potential preventative solutions for these disorders. One such preventative possibility is the elucidation of endophenotypes, which are unobservable characteristics that are linked with a behavior known to be a phenotype of the disorder. Research on the etiology of …

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Do Aid Donors Plant The Grassroots? Evidence From A Randomized Field Experiment In The Us And Uganda, Daniel Walker, Dr. Michael Findley Apr 2014

Do Aid Donors Plant The Grassroots? Evidence From A Randomized Field Experiment In The Us And Uganda, Daniel Walker, Dr. Michael Findley

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Recent literature dealing with nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) claims that NGOs have little incentive to base their decisions and strategies on local needs and instead are governed largely by their current and prospective donors (McGann and Johnstone 2006; Prakash and Gugerty 2010; Bollen et al 2005). To test this claim, I used my ORCA grant to create a quantitative experiment in the US and Uganda in which organizations were randomly assigned to a control group or one of four treatment groups based on the main stakeholders of the NGO market—donors, local government officials, project beneficiaries, and NGO peers. In each group, …

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Ethnic Group Affiliation And Second Language Acquisition, Sarah Franklin, Dr. Wendy Baker-Smemoe Apr 2014

Ethnic Group Affiliation And Second Language Acquisition, Sarah Franklin, Dr. Wendy Baker-Smemoe

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Over the past forty years a significant amount of research has explored how to improve second language (L2) acquisition, most of which has examined factors that influence this ability. Little research, however, has examined how ethnic group affiliation (defined as how closely you feel attached to your native culture and language) affects this learning, especially in bilingual communities. It is hoped that the current research will not only help in understanding the many factors that influence L2 acquisition, but may also demonstrate how ethnic group affiliation can be used to preserve endangered languages throughout the world.

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A Study Of Second Language Acquisition Of Glottal Ejectives Through A Comparative Phonetic Analysis Of Mayan Q’Eqchi’ Native Speakers And English L2 Learners Of Q’Eqchi’, Karl Olaw Christian Wagner, Dr. Wendy Baker Smemoe Apr 2014

A Study Of Second Language Acquisition Of Glottal Ejectives Through A Comparative Phonetic Analysis Of Mayan Q’Eqchi’ Native Speakers And English L2 Learners Of Q’Eqchi’, Karl Olaw Christian Wagner, Dr. Wendy Baker Smemoe

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The research the grant from the Office of Research and Creative Activities has allowed me to perform has been a wonderful opportunity that has helped me to take my undergraduate work to a higher level. To be able to apply the linguistic knowledge I’ve gained in the classroom in real research, even research abroad at that has been of great worth to me. The entire process has been a learning experience and continues to be so as I finish my work on this project. This process, from the first rough sketches of a possible research project to the current work …

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