Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Documenting Mass Rape: Medical Evidence Collection Techniques As Humanitarian Technology, Jaimie Morse

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Aim: Emerging global networks of human rights activists, doctors, and nurses have advocated for increased collection of medical evidence in conflict-affected countries to corroborate allegations of sexual violence and facilitate prosecution in international and domestic courts. Such initiatives are part of broader shifts in human rights advocacy to document human rights violations using rigorous, standardized methodologies. In this paper, I consider three principal forms of medical evidence to document sexual violence and their use in these settings: the patient medical record, the medical certificate, and the sexual assault medical forensic exam (commonly known as the “rape kit”).

Methods: Combining archival …

Advancing The Microbiome Research Community, Curtis Huttenhower, Rob Knight, C. Titus Brown, J. Gregory Caporaso, Jose C. Clemente, Dirk Gevers, Eric A. Franzosa, Scott T. Kelley, Dan Knights, Ruth E. Ley, Anup Mahurkar, Jacques Ravel, Scientists For Advancement Of Microbiome Research, Owen White, Jacques Izard

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

The human microbiome has become a recognized factor in promoting and maintaining health. We outline opportunities in interdisciplinary research, analytical rigor, standardization, and policy development for this relatively new and rapidly developing field. Advances in these aspects of the research community may in turn advance our understanding of human microbiome biology.

It is now widely recognized that disturbances in our normal microbial populations may be linked to acute infections such as Clostridium difficile and to chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, obesity, and autoimmune disorders. This has prompted substantial interest in the microbiome from both basic and clinical perspectives. …

Dangerous Mating Systems: Signal Complexity, Signal Content And Neural Capacity In Spiders, Marie E. Herberstein, Anne E. Wignall, Eileen Hebets, Jutta M. Schneider

Eileen Hebets Publications

Spiders are highly efficient predators in possession of exquisite sensory capacities for ambushing prey, combined with machinery for launching rapid and determined attacks. As a consequence, any sexually motivated approach carries a risk of ending up as prey rather than as a mate. Sexual selection has shaped courtship to effectively communicate the presence, identity, motivation and/or quality of potential mates, which help ameliorate these risks. Spiders communicate this information via several sensory channels, including mechanical (e.g. vibrational), visual and/or chemical, with examples of multimodal signaling beginning to emerge in the literature. The diverse environments that spiders inhabit have further shaped …

Genetics Of The Pig Tapeworm In Madagascar Reveal A History Of Human Dispersal And Colonization, Tetsuya Yanagida, Jean-François Carod, Yasuhito Sako, Minoru Nakao, Eric P. Hoberg, Akira Ito

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

An intricate history of human dispersal and geographic colonization has strongly affected the distribution of human pathogens. The pig tapeworm Taenia solium occurs throughout the world as the causative agent of cysticercosis, one of the most serious neglected tropical diseases. Discrete genetic lineages of T. solium in Asia and Africa/Latin America are geographically disjunct; only in Madagascar are they sympatric. Linguistic, archaeological and genetic evidence has indicated that the people in Madagascar have mixed ancestry from Island Southeast Asia and East Africa. Hence, anthropogenic introduction of the tapeworm from Southeast Asia and Africa had been postulated. This study shows that …

An Experimental Test Of The Effects Of Survey Sponsorship On Internet And Mail Survey Response, Michelle L. Edwards, Don A. Dillman, Jolene D. Smyth

Bureau of Sociological Research: Faculty Publications

Survey researchers have typically assumed that university sponsorship consistently increases response rates and reduces nonresponse error across different populations, but they have not tested the effects of utilizing different university sponsors to collect data from the same population. In addition, scholars have not examined how these effects differ for mixed-mode (web and mail) or mail-only data collection. To explore these questions, we conducted an experiment in spring 2012 with an address-based sample of residents from two states (Washington and Nebraska), using two university sponsors (Washington State University and the University of Nebraska–Lincoln) and two modes (a sequential “web-push” design versus …

Differential Effects Of Intermittent Versus Continuous Haloperidol Treatment Throughout Adolescence On Haloperidol Sensitization And Social Behavior In Adulthood, Jun Gao, Ming Li

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Animal work on the behavioral effects of antipsychotic treatment suggests that different dosing regimens could affect drug sensitivity differently, with an intermittent treatment regimen tending to cause a sensitization effect, while a continuous treatment causing a tolerance. In this study, we explored how haloperidol (HAL) sensitization induced throughout adolescence and tested in adulthood was differentially impacted by these two dosing regimens in the conditioned avoidance response (CAR) test.We also examined howthese two dosing regiments affected social interaction and social memory in adulthood. Male adolescent Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with HAL via either osmotic minipump(HAL-0.25 CONT; 0.25mgkg⁻¹ day⁻¹, …

Assessing The Mechanisms Of Misreporting To Filter Questions In Surveys, Stephanie Eckman, Frauke Kreuter, Antje Kirchner, Annette Jäckle, Roger Tourangeau, Stanley Presser

Survey Research and Methodology Program: Faculty Publications

To avoid asking respondents questions that do not apply to them, surveys often use filter questions that determine routing into follow-up items. Filter questions can be asked in an interleafed format, in which follow-up questions are asked immediately after each relevant filter, or in a grouped format, in which follow-up questions are asked only after multiple filters have been administered. Most previous investigations of filter questions have found that the grouped format collects more affirmative answers than the interleafed format. This result has been taken to mean that respondents in the interleafed format learn to shorten the questionnaire by answering …

Directed Forgetting Of Happy And Angry Faces: The Effects Of Facial Emotion And Sex On Recognition Memory For Facial Identity, Kay Chai Tay

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

The literature on directed forgetting – which refers to forgetting the specified information intentionally – has almost exclusively focused on either emotional words or pictures. Consequently, little is known about the impact of facial stimuli that demand more complex cognitive processing than words or pictures. A pilot study was conducted to obtain norm ratings on 152 facial images portraying neutral, happy and angry emotions. From this set of facial stimuli, 96 faces were selected for the main study. In the main study, 75 female participants were presented with 48 faces individually with equal number of happy and angry and, male …

Who Am I Faced With?: The Influence Of Gender-Professional Identity Integration (G-Pii) And Sex Of Opposing Negotiator On Female Businesspersons’ Negotiations, Yi Wen Tan

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Previous research examining sex differences in negotiation revealed conflicting evidence for its presence. This could be due to the lack of consideration of having a business identity on top of having a gender identity. This suggests the importance of examining how female businesspersons integrate their female and business identities using the construct of gender-professional identity integration (G-PII). The purpose of Study 1 was to develop a measure for G-PII by adapting and validating from existing items from past bicultural identity integration research. A 15-item measure with two factors (distance and conflict) emerged. Study 2 investigated how the sex of the …

Validation Of The Mmpi-2_Rf's Rc3 Cynicism Scale, Tyler C. Polshak

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

In the current investigation RC3 was correlated with the 16 Personality Factor’s (16PF) Vigilance Scale (L) (Conn & Reike, 1994) in an effort to provide additional evidence of validity of the scale. To further understand the construct of cynicism, as measured by RC3, the scale was also correlated with the 16PF’s global factor scales, Independence and Anxiety. The study incorporated archival data from 74 college participants from undergraduate psychology classes. Results showed that RC3 was positively correlated with the 16PF’s Vigilance scale and had a significantly stronger correlation with the 16PF’s Independence global factor than with the Anxiety global factor. …

Human Sexuality As A Critical Subfield In Social Work, Emily Mccave, Benjamin C. Shepard, Virginia Ramseyer Winter

Publications and Research

Human sexuality is of vital importance to social work practitioners, educators, and scholars. Yet historically, the profession’s leadership around it has waxed and waned, impacting practice. This article discusses the importance of human sexuality as a critical subfield within social work. It suggests that the mechanisms, namely textbooks, journals, and national conferences, for stimulating human sexuality social work scholarship are limited. The authors assert that the taboo of human sexuality limits the advancement of a cohesive professional discourse and contributes to the continued oppression of marginalized populations. Recommendations for providing better support for those who study, teach, and practice in …

Former Mentors' Perceptions Of The Faith-Based Approach To Reducing Recidivism Implemented By The Marinette-Menominee Jail Outreach, Inc., James Langteau

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative, hermeneutic phenomenological study was to examine the impact of a faith-based approach to reduce recidivism. The theoretical frameworks guiding this study included the belief system and self-efficacy theories. Participants consisted of a convenience sample of 21 former mentors of the Marinette-Menominee Jail Outreach. The setting was a Christian non-profit organization serving the Marinette and Menominee County Jails located in rural northern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Semistructured interviews, surveys, and a focus group provided data to illuminate common themes. Data analysis included highlighting significant statements from volunteer mentors who engaged offenders to effect …

The Economic Impact Of Cleveland State University, Candi Clouse, Ziona Austrian, Serena Alexander

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

This report assesses the economic impact of Cleveland State University on the five-county Cleveland metropolitan area. The study was conducted by the Center for Economic Development at Cleveland State University’s Maxine Goodman Levin College of Urban Affairs. The economic impact of the university operations is based on FY2013 data (July 1, 2012-June 30, 2013), which was the most recent completed fiscal year for which data was available at the start of this study. The economic impacts of the capital expenditures are based on FY2009-2013 spending.

Machining Industry: Survey & Focus Groups, Merissa Piazza, Edward W. Hill, Molly Schnoke

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

The Center for Economic Development (the Center) at the Maxine Goodman Levin College of Urban Affairs at Cleveland State University was retained by TechSolve to produce an online survey and conduct focus groups of Ohio businesses in the machining industry. The survey and focus groups are part of a broader effort managed by TechSolve for the Ohio Manufacturing Institute and Ohio Development Services Agency (ODSA) to develop a roadmap for the machining industry in Ohio.

This executive summary covers the two main chapters of this report: the Survey of Machining Businesses and Machining Business Focus Groups. The survey examines the …

From Intent To Effect: Richmond, Virginia, And The Protracted Struggle For Voting Rights, 1965–1977, Julian Maxwell Hayter

Jepson School of Leadership Studies articles, book chapters and other publications

Twelve years after the ratification of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 [VRA], Richmond, Virginia elected a historic majority black city council. The 5-4 majority quickly appointed an African American lawyer named Henry Marsh, III to the mayoralty. Marsh, a nationally celebrated civil rights litigator, was not only the city’s first black mayor, but the council election of 1977 was also Richmond’s first since 1970. In 1972, a federal district court used the VRA’s preclearance clause in Section 5 to place a moratorium on council contests. This moratorium lasted until the Supreme Court and the Department of Justice determined whether …

Medium Term Business Cycles In Developing Countries, Diego Comin, Norman Loayza, Farooq Pasha, Luis Serven

Dartmouth Scholarship

Business cycle fluctuations in developed economies (N) tend to have large and persistent e§ects on developing countries (S). We study the transmission of business cycle fluctuations for developed to developing economies with a two-country asymmetric DSGE model with two features: (i) endogenous and slow diffusion of technologies from the developed to the developing country, and (ii) adjustment costs to investment flows. Consistent with the model we observe that the flow of technologies from N to S co-moves positively with output in both N and S. After calibrating the model to Mexico and the U.S., it can explain the following stylized …

الترتيب الداخلي للمنشأت السياحية ودوره في تحقيق رضا الزبون: دراسة تحليلية لأراء عينة من الزائرين الى متنزه جافي لاند السياحية في مدينة السليمانية., ئافا عمر فتاح, ده رون فريدون, عثمان كريم محمود

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

تهدف هذه الدراسة الى ايجاد دور الترتيب الداخلي للموقع على زبائن المتنزهات و خصوصا مدى تأثيره على رضا الزائرين. حيث ان ضرورة وجود المستهلك عند انتاج وتقديم الخدمات بصورة عامة والخدمات السياحية بصورة خاصة يؤيد الدراسة الحالية حول الاثار والادوار المترتبة لكيفية ترتيب الموقع الخدمي للحدائق السياحية والترفيهية على تحقيق رضا الزبائن. حيث تم اختيار زائري مدينة جافي لاند في محافظة السليمانية كمجتمع دراسة، وتم جمع البيانات من الزائرين من عينة عشوائية عن طريق استمارة استبيان لكي يتم تحليل الاثار المترتبة على رضا الزبائن للترتيب الحالي و التوصل الى تصميم افضل. وتحاول هذه الدراسة الاجابة على الاسئلة المصاغة في ضوء …

المحاسبة الابداعية واثرها في الدخول الخاضعة للضريبة : دراسة تطبيقية لعينة من القوائم المالية للشركات العراقية, قاسم محمد عبدالله البعاج

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

تهدف دراسة المحاسبة الابداعية واثرها في الدخول الخاضعة للضريبة الى التعرف على اهم الاساليب المستخدمة في المحاسبة الابداعية واثرها على الدخل الخاضع للضريبة من خلال التلاعب في القوائم المالية وكذلك الدوافع التي تسعى الادارة لتحقيقها من جراء هذا التلاعب وبيان دور المدقق الداخلي والمخمن الضريبي في التعرف على الممارسات التي تقوم بها المحاسبة الاحتيالية ولغرض الحد من ممارسات المحاسبة الابداعية يجب تفعيل دور الشركات وقد توصلت هذه الدراسة الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات نذكر منها هناك عدة اساليب للمحاسبة الابداعية من خلال التاثير على قوائم الدخل المتمثلة بالايرادات والمصروفات لكي يتم التاثير على الحصيلة الضريبية لغرض خفض الدخل الخاضع للضريبة …

توظيف الشبكة العنكبوتية لاغرا ض البحث العلمي الجامعي في جامعة المثنى, بيداء هادي سعودي

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

الغرض من هذا البحث هو للتحقق عن كيفية استفادة الباحثين في جامعة المثنى من الانترنيت وكيف يمكن ان تؤثر في البحوث العلمية . تم توزيع (100) استمارة استبيان بين اعضاء هيئة التدريس في العام الدراسي 2013-2014 وتم استلام (96) منها. غالبية التدريسيين في الجامعة كانوا تحت سن 39 سنة وكذلك معظمهم من فئة مدرس مساعد ,وقد اجابوا بالأجماع بانهم يستخدمون الانترنيت في بحوثهم وفي انجاز رسالة الماجستير وأطارح الدكتوراه, جميعهم يمتلكون بريد الكتروني شخصي وكلهم يرغبون بنشر بحوثهم على الانترنيت.نسبة اللذين يستخدمون الانترنيت في المنزل هي 68,7% ونسبة الذين يثقون بالمعلومات التي يحصلون عليها من الانترنيت 45,8%.غالبية الاساتذة يستخدمون الانترنيت …

رأس المال البشري والابتكار في المؤسسة الجزائرية, عابدي محمد السعيد

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

إن بناء منظومة للابتكار في سياق مؤسسي وتنظيمي يتطلب ما هو أكثر من مجرد الوعي بأهمية الابتكار. يقوم هذا البحث باستكشاف مناحي متعددة عن الابتكار، والعوامل التي تؤدي إلى تحقيق الإنتاج ألابتكاري، الذي يتطلب وجود جسم معرفي- بشري داخل المنظمة يطلق عليه رأس المال البشري، وفي إطاره يقوم فرد أو مجموعة أفراد طبقا لما يمتلكونه من كفاءات؛ ومواهب؛ وخبرات تخصصية بخلق الأفكار الإبداعية وتحويلها بنجاح إلى ابتكارات.

دور العدالة التنظيمية في تقليل ظاهرة التهكم التنظيمي دراسة تحليلية لآراء عينه من منتسبي كلية التربية – جامعة القادسية, سحر عناوي رهيو

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

هدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على دور العدالة التنظيمية في تقليل ظاهرة التهكم التنظيمي لدى منتسبي كلية التربية – جامعة القادسية ،ومحاولة لجعل العدالة التنظيمية هي الصفة السائدة في كليات جامعة القادسية ومنها تحديدا كلية التربية كونها الكلية الاقدم والاكبر من حيث الاقسام واعداد المنتسبين الموجودين فيها . ان الاساس المنطقي الذي دعم هذا البحث هو ان العاملين اللذين يدركون العدالة من المرجح سيتوجهون الى السلوك الايجابي في مجال عملهم،والعكس صحيح وقد تكون مجتمع البحث من (140) فردا من العاملين في الكلية المذكورة في خمس اقسام علمية هي (علوم الحياة، والعلوم النفسية والتربوية، والفيزياء، والكيمياء، والتاريخ) فضلا عن العاملين في …

النظام القانوني البديل للمخبر السري, عمار عباس الحسيني, زين العابدين عواد كاظم

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

تناولنا في هذا البحث أحد الموضوعات ذات الأهمية البالغة والمتعلقة بالجانب الإجرائي الخاص بتوفير الحماية الأمنية للشاهد السري, مع الأخذ بنظر الحسبان الحفاظ على حقوق المتهم لاسيما في مرحلتي التحقيق والمحاكمة, وكانت الغاية من هذا البحث هي دراسة نظامي المخبر السري والأنظمة القانونية الأخرى للوقوف على محاسنها وعيوبها, وإجراء الموازنة والمفاضلة فيما بينها, للوصول إلى التنظيم القانوني الأكثر كفاية وضمانة لحماية أمن وسلامة الشاهد السري عليها ضمن الإطار القانوني للإجراءات الجزائية لاسيما في الجرائم الجسيمة والخطيرة, وفي الوقت عينه الحفاظ على حقوق المتهم, لكي يعاقب بريء نتيجة لإخبار كيدي أو كاذب. ومن أجل تحقيق الهدف المذكور أعلاه تم تقسيم هذا …

المحاسبة الضريبية ( أطرها القانونية وتطبيقاتها العملية في العراق), سعود جايد مشكور, نجم عبد عليوي الكرعاوي, قاسم محمد عبد الله البعاج

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

يعد النظام الضريبي من الوسائل المهمة التي تمنح الدولة قوة التأثير على الانشطة الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والمالية بهدف تحقيق التنمية بكافة جوانبها المتنوعة ،إذ يؤدي هذا النظام وفي مختلف الاقتصاديات وظائف عديدة بعضها يتعلق بتحديد الفائض الاقتصادي وتوجيهه نحو منحى الاستثمار وبعضها يتعلق بإعادة توزيع اكثر عدالة للدخل القومي، وتعد السياسة الضريبية ونظامها من أهم الوسائل التي تمنح الدولة القدرة على التأثير في النشاط الاقتصادي ، وهذا اثبتته بعد عام 2003 م حصيلة الايرادات الضريبية التي اصبحت تساند الايرادات النفطية في تمويلها الموازنة العامة للدولة من جهة ولتصبح الضرائب موجهة للنشاط الاقتصادي باتجاه اقتصاد السوق.يعتمد النظام الضريبي في العراق بشكل عام …

أثر سيولة الأوراق المالية على قيمة الشركة – أدلة من البورصة العراقية, علي جيران عبد علي

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

تلعب السيولة دورًا مهمًا في قيم الشركات المدرجة في البورصة ، وبالتالي ، فإن فكرة هذه الدراسة هي استكشاف تأثير سيولة الأسهم على قيمة الشركة ؛ باستخدام عينة من بيانات 65 شركة مدرجة في البورصة العراقية (ISE) خلال الأعوام 2008 و 2009 و 2010 و 2011 و 2012 ، أجد أن الشركات التي لديها مخزون سائل لديها قيمة أفضل للشركة كما تم قياسها بواسطة Tobin’s Q كدالة لقيمة الشركة . تظل هذه النتيجة ثابتة حتى عندما أقوم بتضمين التأثيرات الثابتة الثابتة ، والتحكم في المخاطر الخاصة ، والتحكم في السيولة الذاتية مع المتغيرات الآلية. تظهر نتيجة استخدام لوحة انحدار البيانات …

The Little India Riot: Domestic And International Law Perspectives, Siyuan Chen

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

A riot involving hundreds of foreign labourers broke out in Little India, Singapore, on 8 December 2013. Only the second riot to occur in more than 40 years in fairly tranquil Singapore, the damage was extensive as rioters destroyed police and emergency vehicles and even injured dozens of police and civil defence personnel. The authorities only needed a few days to complete the investigations and shortly after, some of the alleged rioters were arrested and charged, while some of them were repatriated. The swiftness of the entire process prompted harsh criticism from international and local human rights groups, who claimed …

The Influence Of Ishraq Program As Non-Formal Education On Girls’ Education In Upper Egypt, Heba Galal Mohamed

Theses and Dissertations

Despite national gains in school enrollment, health, and economic development, adolescent girls in Upper Egypt are facing critical gender gaps in schooling (Isharq Program, 2013). The present research deals with how the Ishraq program, as non- formal education, has succeeded in advocating the education of adolescent girls in Upper Egypt and making their transition into formal schooling. Ishraq is a program running under an international NGO that is designed to address the educational problems in rural areas in Egypt where there are problems with schooling for young girls. Ishraq is a second chance for education that is providing necessary skills, …

Positive Affect Facilitates Task Switching In The Dimension Change Card Sort Task: Implications For The Shifting Aspect Of Executive Functions, Hwajin Yang, Sujin Yang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Using the modified Dimensional Change Card Sort task, we examined the influence of positive affect on task switching by inspecting various markers for the costs, including restart cost, switch cost and mixing cost. Given that the executive-control processes that underlie switching performance—i.e., inhibition or shifting—are distinct from the component processes that underlie non-switching performance—i.e., stimulus evaluation, resource allocation or response execution—we hypothesised that if positive affect facilitates task switching via executive-control processes, rather than via component processes, positive affect would reduce both switch and restart costs, but not mixing cost, because both switch and restart costs rely on executive processes, …

Cultural Resonance And The Diffusion Of Suicide Bombings: The Role Of Collectivism, Robert Braun, Michael Genkin

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Why do some terrorist organizations, but not others, adopt suicide bombing as a tactic? Dominant accounts focusing on organizational capacity, ideology, and efficacy leave certain elements of the phenomenon unexplained. The authors argue that a key factor that influences whether a terrorist organization does or does not adopt suicide terrorism is cultural resonance. This is the idea that deep and specific cultural logics, which transcend religion and nationalism, enable and constrain the sorts of instrumental behaviors that can be utilized in the pursuit of group goals. The article investigates the role of a well-established cultural orientation of collectivism, which enables …

Has The Cold War Returned To East Asia?, James T. H. Tang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

The rise of a non-democratic China as the world ‘s second largest economy, still officially subscribing to Communism or ‘Socialism with Chinese characteristics’ as its ideology1, has raised the spectre of the return of the Cold War to Asia with the United States and China on opposing sides, with China backed by Russia, its former Cold War ally. But to what extent are there historical parallels between the Cold War and the current East Asian international relations system?

Why Bronze Medallists Are Happier Than Silver Winners, David Chan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In an invited commentary, SMU Behavioural Sciences Institute Director Professor David Chan discussed why people often think how things could have been better or worse after an outcome is known or an event has occurred. He explained how these counterfactual thoughts influence the way people think, feel and behave.