Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Women In Mathematics: Motivating Factors For Doctorates In Academia Versus Professionals In The Actuarial Sciences, Diane Elizabeth Hendrix

All Volumes (2001-2008)

The topic under investigation is women in math-related careers and the motivating factors. Two careers, college professors and actuaries, were selected from the many math-related careers because both require advanced studies in mathematics. They also provide a contrast: one is in the business world while the other is in the world of academia. The purpose of this research is to determine if the numbers of women in upper level mathematics and these two careers are increasing. To accomplish this we first analyze women’s enrollment in mathematical programs from high school through graduate school from 1965-1995 in order to assess the …

Self-Monitoring Differences In Best Friendship Maintenance: Exit, Voice, Loyalty, And Neglect, Sarah Danielle Sommerfeld

All Volumes (2001-2008)

The relationship between self-monitoring and maintenance strategies for best friendships was examined in this investigation. The 25-item Self-Monitoring Scale was used to assess participants’ self-monitoring type. Rusbult’s exit-voice-loyalty-neglect measure was used to assess participants’ maintenance strategies. It was predicted that high self-monitors more than low self-monitors would engage in destructive maintenance strategies, and low self-monitors more than high self-monitors would engage in constructive maintenance strategies. High self-monitors did use neglect, a destructive and passive strategy, more than did low self-monitors. However, high self-monitors did use loyalty, a constructive and passive strategy, more than did low self-monitors. The use of maintenance …

Assessing Observed Character Strengths In Groups Using Streamed Video And Video Ipods, Jonathan P. Floyd

The Corinthian

Positive psychology is a developing trend in modern psychological studies. Among the many facets of positive psychology are the values in action signature strengths, a collection of 24 positive attributes that are related to basic good character traits in all people. These strengths were recognized and researched as a way in which to cultivate good character through examining the positive side of individuals. The research examined the effectiveness of the values in action signature strengths survey as an evaluation tool to be used in group development activities.

Paleoflood Record Reconstruction At An Archaeological Site On The Owyhee River, Southeastern Oregon, Stephanie Louise Vandal

All Master's Theses

The magnitude and frequency of late Holocene floods on the Owyhee River in southeastern Oregon were reconstructed from fine-grained flood deposits at three sites in the river canyon. The stratigraphy at the Birch Creek study site (BCSS) preserves a record of seven to nine large floods from the last 2800 years. Two additional study sites, the Iron Gate and Waterwheel, within a 5-km reach of the BCSS, showed 18-26 floods from the late Holocene to 1993 A.D. and 17-22 floods from 8600 B.P. to 1993 A.D., respectively. Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System modeling of the 1993 flood and several paleofloods …

A Comparison Of Intragroup Greeting And Reassurance Behaviors Across Four Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) Social Groups In American And African Sanctuaries, Trijntje Laurel Marburg

All Master's Theses

In this study, gestures performed in the greeting and reassurance context were investigated in four groups of chimpanzees living in American and African sanctuaries. Over 85 hr of video recording at three African sanctuaries and 798 hr of video recording at an American sanctuary were analyzed for greeting and reassurance gestures. The four chimpanzee groups demonstrated various differences in both greeting and reassurance gestures. Groups differed in the proportion of time spent in each context, the gesture frequency per minute, and the gesture types used. Some gestures were group specific, meaning they occurred only in one group; some gestures were …

Ape205, Section 4, Real Competition, Irop, Anwar Shaikh Phd

Archives of Anwar Shaikh

This collection includes:

• Schumpeter, J. A. (1969). The dynamics of competition and monopoly. In A. Hunter (Ed.), Monopoly and competition: Selected readings (pp. 40–67). Penguin.

• Graphs titled "Figure 8: US incremental rate of profit (major industries), 1987-2005" and "Figure 8A: Utilization adjusted US incremental rate of profit (major industries), 1987-2005"

• A graph titled "r1new manufacturing"

• A graph titled "Regulating rate of profit, mfg. (incremental rates adj for WEQ and p,w,u changes)"

• A graph titled "Regulating rates of profit, major industries (adj for WEQ and p, w, u changes)"

• Graphs titled "Figure 6: US incremental …

Health Systems And Maternal Mortality, Neonatal Mortality And Child Health: Review Of Selected Service Delivery Models, Md. Noorunnabi Talukder, Ubaidur Rob

Reproductive Health

Effective maternal and child health services at the community level in developing countries are rarely available. In many developing countries the health systems cannot provide quality maternal and child health care services due to lack of adequate human resources; shortages of equipment, drugs, and supplies; and absence of proper referral mechanisms. Strengthening health systems is central to improving maternal and child health. A variety of targeted interventions have been implemented in the health systems of developing countries. This study was conducted to identify the health service delivery models that have contributed to the reduction of maternal, infant, and child mortality …

Kenya: Begin Community Dialogue On Fgm/C By Discussing Cultural Justification, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

Female genital cutting is strongly supported among the Somali ethnic community in Kenya, and the severest form (infibulation) is primarily practiced. This type of cut is associated with increased incidence and seriousness of obstetric and gynecological problems relative to uncut women and those with less severe forms of FGM/C. As stated in this brief, efforts to encourage abandonment should begin with community discussion about the socio-cultural reasons for cutting. Simultaneously, health-care providers need training in how to manage complications of FGM/C. In 2004, FRONTIERS collaborated with UNICEF on a four-month diagnostic study on FGM/C practices among the Somali community in …

Senegal: Mainstreaming Adolescent Health: Building On Local Support Systems, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

In 1999, FRONTIERS began a three-year collaboration with the World Health Organization, the Center for Research and Training, the Population Training Group, and the Ministries of Health, Education, and Youth to test the feasibility, effectiveness, and cost of school-, clinic-, and community-based interventions to improve the reproductive health of youth aged 10–19. This adolescent reproductive health (ARH) study showed that the multisectoral, multidisciplinary approach increased knowledge about youth reproductive health among young people, the community, schools, and health-care providers. As noted in this brief, one of the guiding principles of the ARH study was to build sustainability through existing institutions, …

Community: The Structure Of Belonging [Review] / Block, P., D. S. Penner

Journal of Applied Christian Leadership

No abstract provided.

The Parameters Of Social Justice And Natural Law Theory, Edwin Cook

Journal of the Adventist Theological Society

No abstract provided.

Legal Information Institutes (Llls) - Free Legal Stuff, Yemisi Dina

Librarian Publications & Presentations

Multi-disciplinary and comparative approach to legal studies implies that research should go outside the conventional research sources and consult a variety of options. Open access to legal information is made possible by legal information institutes worldwide. In the early 1990s, the Australian Legal Information Institute (AustiLII) initiated this unique medium of disseminating free legal information.

Narrative As Communication Activism: Research Relationships In Social Justice Projects, Elizabeth A. Curry, Deborah Cunningham Walker

Library Faculty Presentations & Publications

When they talk about CASA or the project, Deb and Elizabeth use the words “we, our, or us,” not “them or they.”
Deb and Elizabeth are part of CASA because they understand us. They get it.
Lots of people study domestic violence, but they were the first researchers interested in us, the workers. We felt validated because university researchers thought what we did was important, and they asked us to help them understand our work.
They didn’t lecture us; they listened to us.

These are some of the staff’s observations about our participation in the University Community Initiative Project (UCI), …

Sex Role And Sexual Orientation Stereotyping: Gender Of Attributions And Need For Cognition, Taya Ball

All Volumes (2001-2008)

Despite growing knowledge and education about various groups of people, stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination remain in present society (Fiske, 1998). It is unacceptable for people to openly show dislike or favoritism toward various groups of people due to an emphasis on being politically correct in America today (Voils, Ashburn-Nardo, & Monteith, 2002). Most people today have direct contact with other diverse groups of people. People who have exposure to other diverse groups of people tend to view these other diverse groups of people at the very least as human beings with equal basic legal rights (Shelton & Richeson, 2005). People …

When Are Adult-Child Sexual Encounters Acceptable? Stereotyping And Need For Cognitive Closure, Melissa A. Bright

All Volumes (2001-2008)

Child sexual abuse is an escalating problem involving both young males and young females. Stories of child sexual abuse and adult-child sexual relationships are on the news almost nightly. One of these most recent cases involved a young girl taken from her own bed, molested, bound, and buried alive - not by a stranger but by her next door neighbor. Perhaps attitudes about this sexual abuse case were based on individuals’ use of stereotypes. Before we can asses how individuals use stereotypes, we must get a basis for how researchers define child sexual abuse.

Qualitative Data Analysis: Comparison Between Traditional And Computerized Text Analysis, Melissa A. Bright, Dawn O’Connor

All Volumes (2001-2008)

Most often quantitative data is used in the social sciences. Sometimes, however, researchers must use qualitative data for exploration. In a study on communication effectiveness we used both quantitative and qualitative data. After analyzing the quantitative data we used both a traditional text analysis and a computerized text analysis. Our aim in this paper is to discuss variance, or lack thereof, between outcomes utilizing traditional and computerized text analysis.

Attitude Change And Need For Cognition: Individual Differences In Perceptions Of Groups, Jeremiah Daniel Ford

All Volumes (2001-2008)

It was hypothesized that attitudes will become most polarized when individuals have an opportunity for thought about a group for which they “tune in” a well-developed schema that is consistent with initial information. This process should be greater for low need than high need for cognition thinkers. Participants were given different opportunities for thought about either freedom fighters or rebel insurgents. Initial information was either consistent or inconsistent with group descriptors. Participants completed the Need for Cognition Scale. These hypotheses were partially supported. Attitudes were more polarized when participants tuned in a schema that was consistent with initial information. Limitations …

Self Generated Attitude Change: Some Effects Of Time And Intolerance Of Ambiguity On Attitude Polarization, Stephanie Lane Fowler

All Volumes (2001-2008)

Effects of opportunity for thought and individual differences in intolerance of ambiguity on attitude polarization were examined. It was expected that opportunity for thought and intolerance of ambiguity would have an interactive effect on attitude polarization. This hypothesis was not supported. There was, however, an unexpected interaction between intolerance of ambiguity and the order of events in this experiment. When individuals’ self-awareness was heightened, individuals intolerant of ambiguity had attenuated attitudes; when individuals’ self-awareness was lessened, individuals intolerant of ambiguity had polarized attitudes. Limitations of this study (e.g., self-report measure) and future directions (e.g., priming effects) for this research were …

Environmental Sustainability: Jacksonville Vs. Navajo Nation, Rachel Freeman, Jessica Rockwood

All Volumes (2001-2008)

This project investigated the relationship between environmental sustainability and cultural beliefs in two very different American societies. In particular, we compared how citizens of contemporary Jacksonville, FL view and exploit the environment in comparison with environmental utilization of the Native Americans in Navajo Nation, which spans across the states of AZ, NM, and UT. This evaluation entailed conducting surveys of individuals in both populations, as well as an aspect of cultural immersion in which we lived amongst the Navajo for approximately three to four weeks during the summer of 2005. Immersion allowed us to participate in the Navajo way of …

Neurobiology Meets Social Psychology: An Explanation Of Feminists’ Attitudes Toward Abuse, Christen D. Hazlett

All Volumes (2001-2008)

Why might traumatic events during childhood, such as child abuse, be related to strong identification with more radical feminist beliefs? One explanation may lie in the changes in morphology and physiology of the brain in individuals with a history of child abuse. These changes in the limbic system specifically may influence cognition, affect, and behaviors that are consistent with radical feminist ideology.

Self-Generated Attitude Change And Need For Cognition: Does A Change In One Attitude Affect Other Attitudes?, Tatiana Melnik

All Volumes (2001-2008)

Picture yourself giving a speech to an audience of one hundred people. While you speak, every person boos and makes hostile comments. You have no support. Would you have the strength to persevere against such adversity?

On January 16th, 2004, Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf demonstrated such strength. For about forty minutes, he was booed and heckled while he tried to update the Parliament on the status of Pakistan’s antiterrorism movement. His critics primarily booed him for supporting the United States’ War on Terror. This incident demonstrates that people all over the world have either extremely negative views or extremely positive …

Individual Differences In Need For Cognition And Stereotypes Of Sexual Behavior As Well As Std Infection Rates, Lindsey Morrison

All Volumes (2001-2008)

This study was designed to explore the effects of need for cognition on stereotypes of sexual behaviors and STD infection rates. After reviewing the literature on sexual behaviors, STD infection rates, stereotypes, and need for cognition, two hypotheses were proposed. The first hypothesis was that participants would engage in stereotyping. That is, participants would perceive the frequency of various sexual behaviors, the acceptability of various sexual behaviors, and STD infection rates differently depending on the sex and sexual orientation of targets. The second hypothesis was that participants low in need for cognition should be more likely then participants high in …

Sinn Fein Without The Ira: Legitimacy Or Loss Of Popular Support, Catherine Hueckel

All Volumes (2001-2008)

Sinn Fein originally came into political prominence in Northern Ireland as the political wing of the Irish Republican Army (IRA), yet in the last decade Sinn Fein has become recognized as a legitimate political party. As Sinn Fein joined the mainstream political process, however, the Unionists, UK Prime Minister Tony Blair and even Irish Prime Minister Bertie Ahern questioned its continued affiliation with the IRA and demanded the IRA and Republicans resort to entirely peaceful, democratic means to their political ends. In July 2005, the IRA acceded to this demand, “formally order[ing] an end to the armed campaign” and instructing …

Formal Training, Personal Experience, And The Ability To Predict Research Findings In Social Psychology, Carrie Quarterman

All Volumes (2001-2008)

Researchers in the past have found that personal experience and formal training lead to better accuracy when predicting research outcomes in areas of psychology. Personal experience and formal training were compared in this study on the ability of students to predict research outcomes in social psychology. Students completed questionnaires that measured their social engagement (a proxy to personal experience), their academic history and status, and their knowledge of social psychological findings. Students with more psychology classes taken in college were better able to predict research outcomes (r = .24). Psychology majors knew more findings in social psychology than nonpsychology majors …

Sexual Tutor Or Sexual Predator, Instigating Provocateur Or Innocent Victim? Attitudes Toward Perpetrators And Victims Of Child Sexual Abuse, Bailey Rector

All Volumes (2001-2008)

Jessica Lunsford’s father awoke on February 24, 2005 to discover his nine-year-old daughter was missing. John Couey, Jessica’s neighbor, had entered their home at 1:00 AM the previous night and abducted the little girl. After sexually assaulting her, he dug a hole and buried her alive. A forty-nine-year-old homeless man, Brian Mitchell, abducted fifteen-year-old Elizabeth Smart at knifepoint from her bedroom in an affluent district of Salt Lake City. She was found after nine months of sexual abuse, deprivation, and threats to her life. The scruffy drifter was arrested and awaits trial.

In recent months, newscasters have brought the images …

Perceptions Of Equity And Fairness In The Division Of Household Labor: Evidence From A Rural County, Kristin Staggs

All Volumes (2001-2008)

The division of household labor among dual-earner couples has been the focus of much research, and the finding that the women in these relationships perform more domestic tasks than their male counterparts is well documented. Hochschild (1989) found this occurrence to be true among the dual-earners in her study, and she even confirmed this finding fourteen years later in a revised edition of her book. Additionally, in a review of literature on the division of household labor, Beth Anne Shelton and Daphne John (1996) concluded that even when women work outside of the home, they still complete more housework than …

Nbc Peacock North Winter 2007, Peacock North Staff

NBC Peacock North Newsletter

Highlights include: Harry McNeil Retires -- NBC Sports Folks Remember Lamar Hunt -- Huntley -Brinkley 50th Anniversary -- NBC Organization Chart: 1981 Gordon Manning's Area

Teaching And Learning Social Work Practice Skills Through The Use Of Triads, Jeanette Harder

Social Work Faculty Publications

This article presents a structured way to teach and learn social work practice skills in an undergraduate or foundation practice class. Triads provide the opportunity for students to develop practice skills and confidence as they experience firsthand the role of a social work practitioner. Written from both the perspective of the instructor and the student, this article examines how triads can be used to teach, apply, and reinforce skills in each of seven areas of the problem-solving model: engagement, assessment, planning/contracting, intervention, evaluation, closing, and follow-up, with additional opportunity given to applying skills related to social work values, ethics, and …

An Overview And Discussion Of Fred E. Fiedler's Contingency Model Of Leadership Effectiveness, Sara K. Kuhn

Librarian Publications

A discussion of the components of Fred E. Fiedler's (Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Washington) Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness (1964), including its applicability to public libraries.

Information Technologies And Civic Engagement: Perspectives From Librarianship And Planning, Aimée C. Quinn, Laxmi Ramasubramanian

Library Scholarship

Urban planning and librarianship are parallel fields in many ways. Both have theoretical and practical underpinnings driving each discipline; are interdisciplinary in focus; and both professions gather and disseminate information to stakeholders. Essential to the success of each discipline is an engaged user population. The authors use a case study from the Village of Oak Park to examine and reflect upon the effect of the Internet and other technologies in the public's ability to participate in an open planning process. The Village of Oak Park is known for its architectural heritage and outspoken community. Within its 4.5 square miles live …