Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

American Athletics And The Law : The Sports Triangle, Brian M. Sheahan

Honors Theses

Colleges and universities regularly award scholarships to outstanding young athletes. The standard financial aid agreement between the institution and the athlete is that in return for the athlete's active participation in the particular sport, he or she receives free tuition, room, board and books.

In addition to the education and athletic involvements, the giving of financial aid has numerous implications on the relationship between the college or university and the athlete. Foremost among those implications is the potential legal entanglement under the law of workmen's compensation.

The major questions which are in front of the courts today in conjunction with …

The Biological, Psychodynamic, Humanistic, And Social Psychological Perspectives Of Athletic Participation, Katharine R. Johnson

Honors Theses

Why become an athlete? Why all the long hours of continuous dedication? Would male and female athletes answer these questions differently?

The following essay is a review of the potential reasons why individuals strive to become athletes as perceived by the biological, psycho-dynamic, humanistic, and social psychological perspectives. Emphasis is placed on differences between the sexes when the perspective under discussion considers these differences to be relevant.

Children Of Divorce : A Survey Of Factors Related To Children's Adjustment To Parental Divorce, Carey A. Dougherty

Honors Theses

Children's adjustment to parental divorce is a complex interaction of: a) families pre and postseparation functioning b) the child's individual capacity for dealing with stress c) current values and beliefs as expressed through teachers and peers. Current research in each area is reviewed and discussed as are major themes in children's long term adjustment.

Impact Of The 1980 Election On Ideological Liberal Organizations, Michael Coval

Honors Theses

Throughout this section, I sought to establish a nexus between interest group theory and empirical observations. This in turn, would provide the framework from which I would set forth a series of hypotheses concerning the impact of the deviating 1980 elections on ideological liberal organizations. What I found in fact, was not just a link but a near perfect correlation between theory and practice, each reinforcing the other and pointing to the same ineluctable conclusion: The upshot of the Reagan/New Right landslide of 1980 was a dramatic renaissance of American liberalism. A renaissance so pervasive that ideological liberal organizations stand …

Concept Formation And Development In The Congenitally Blind Child, Kimberly J. Franco

Honors Theses

T.D. Cutsforth once stated that "no single mental activity of the congenitally blind child is not distorted by the absence of sight." Blindness permeates the intellectual functioning of language, thought, comprehension and conceptualization. Ultimately, the child lacking vision will both understand and respond to the world in a manner unlike that of a sighted child. This incongruous interaction breeds frustration since the blind are a minority in a world which concentrates on the characteristics, needs, behaviors, and accomplishments of sighted individuals. Lacking the visual modality, the blind rely on the information about the objective world which they receive from people …

Personality And Behavioral Characteristics Important To The Coach/Athlete Relationship, Michael A. Zacharias

Honors Theses

Research in the area of sport psychology has grown tremendously over the past twenty years. One area, in particular, that has been researched a great deal is the idea of the typical athletic personality. (Fletcher and Dowell, 1971; Foster, 1977; Morgan and Johnson, 1978; and Morris, Vaccaro and Clarke, 1979 are examples.) Does the personality of the athlete differ from that of the non-athlete? Of particular concern are the areas of personality dealing with locus control and self-esteem. Locus of control is distributed along the internal/external dimension. Internal control was defined by Rotter, Livenant and Seeman (1962) as the perception …

An Overview Of Virginia Satir's Method Of Family Therapy And An Evaluation As To Its Use In The Substance Abuse Rehabilitation Field, Katherine A. Startzman

Honors Theses

The family, mistakenly perceived as an inert system in our culture, is in reality a dynamic and constantly evolving unit both in structure and function. More quickly than ever before, the roles family members play, values, and beliefs are changing. (1975, p. 18) Since the Industrial Revolution, there has been a move from an agrarian to an urban society along with rapid economic and social change which has had a major impact on all institutions. New values in family living have emerged. The nuclear family was considered ideal. The institutional family of rural society, with its subordination of the wife …

Behavior Modification Techniques Used On Austistic Children : A Literature Review, Timothy J. O'Keefe

Honors Theses

The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the application of behavior therapy techniques to the specific problems of the autistic child. The paper is divided into four sections . The first section consists of a brief introduction of autism and a review of learning theories used in behavior modification. The next section discusses self-stimulatory behavior and selective responding of the autistic child. The third section deals with specific behavior therapies used with specific problems. The last section summarizes the findings of this paper.

The Problems In Research Within Juvenile Corrections, Laura Egerton

Honors Theses

The research included in this evaluation had to meet two criteria. First, it had to be indexed in the 1980 or 1981 Sociological Abstracts of Social Source Citation Index. The research must also have been conducted in a correctional institution or in a diversion program. A diversion program is a community-based therapy program dealing primarily with status and first offenders. The goals of the program vary, but focus primarily on prevention of delinquency through early intervention. Of the over one hundred articles reviewed, only thirty met the criteria. The studies not included focused primarily upon either delinquents on probation or …

Assessment, Intervention And Treatment Of Geriatric Psychopathology : A Comparison Of The Medical And Behavioral Models, Susan C. Mcclintock

Honors Theses

The elderly represent nearly a third of the population in public psychiatric facilities. The social and physiological changes associated with aging can lead to a variety of psychiatric disturbances which necessitate institutionalization of the elderly individual. Treatment of these disturbances is likely to be based on the medical model of psychopathology, although findings indicate that behaviorally-oriented therapy may often be the more appropriate course of action. The reported findings carry implications pertinent to the future of geropsychology.

Reality Orientation : Is It The Answer To Old Age "Senility"?, Kay W. Hardy

Honors Theses

The only way that an outsider can appreciate the inner turmoil of a confused older person in a nursing home is to imagine a short scene. Think of the lonely old woman who sits alone day after day in the same chair waiting for her husband to come pick her up so that she can go home. At first glance, nothing seems unusual, but in probing deeper into this woman's personality, one finds that her husband has been dead for fifteen years, and furthermore, she does not have any conception of where she is, what city she is in, or …

The Evaluation Of Social Programs, Susan L. Hitchcock

Honors Theses

In the uncertain economy of today, there is one thing that we all can be sure of, that prices will increase. It is almost inevitable that everything will be effected by inflation: from food to gas to home heating oil. The very quality of the lives that we lead may be altered by the path that the economy of the United States is taking. The recently elected President, Ronald Reagan, has taken as his main task the stabilization of inflation. The improvement of the economy and the balancing of the federal government's budget. In order to meet these goals, President …

Iran; Nicaragua; Cuba; An Analysis Of Revolutions, Neil Moynihan

Honors Theses

Can these revolutions be explained by the withdrawal of the United States? It seems not. Can all three revolutions fit under any one theory of revolution? The answer here will probably also be: no; each theory, however, gives valuable hints about what aspects of each revolution one should analyze.

Cognitive Impulsivity Of Children : Its Handicap And Treatment, Godwin Koon Tat Lau

Honors Theses

A number of studies have found the relationship between cognitive impulsivity and impulsive behavior among children. There also exists a fair amount of evidence to indicate that an impulsive cognitive style exerts a handicapping influence in the educational process.

Relationship Enhancement : A Study In Four Parts, Brett W. Oakley

Honors Theses

The concept of empathic communication evolved from a family therapy model originated by Bernard C. Gurney, Jr. called Relationship Enhancement. The major premise to this model is that if families can be taught to listen and speak to each other empathically, then the family itself could resolve their own interpersonal problems without reliance on a professional (Gurney, 1977).

The Treatments Of Child Abuse, Susan D. Haske

Honors Theses

Child abuse is a major problem in our society today. It is the major killer of children in the Untied States. (Kalman, 1977) There are many different estimates of the rate of occurrence, and no one knows for sure how prevalent it is. The major problem with making estimates of incidence is that so many cases are never reported. Only 20-50% of the cases are reported. (Kempe, 1978)

There are three types of child abuse. (Roth, 1975) One type is situational. This type is in response to an overwhelming stress. It usually happens one time, and is the easiest to …

The Effects Of Sex-Role Identity On The Perception Of Work Situations, Tamra J. Hall

Honors Theses

The present study investigated the effects of an individual's sex-role orientation on the perception of work situations. It was hypothesized that sex-typed individuals would rate the feelings of an actor performing a sex-atypical task as experiencing more feelings of uncomfortableness than an actor performing a sex-typical task. Androgynous individuals, on the other hand, were not predicted to display any descrepancies between their ratings of sex-typical and sex-atypical behavior. Results did not yeild support for this hypothesis. Perhaps the most significant finding was the abberant rating pattern of feminine females who conisitenly rated female actors in sex-typical settings in a negative …

Impulsive Cognitive Style And Self-Reported Anger Arousal In Emotionally Disturbed Children, Godwin Koon-Tat Lau

Honors Theses

A total of thirty-one emotionally disturbed children participated in the study to test whether impulsive children have higher anger arousal as a response to provocation than the reflective children. Twenty-two children were classified as impulsive (n=11) or reflective (n=11) on the basis of their error and latency scores on the Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFFT). The two groups of children were compared on their self-reported anger arousal in response to conflict situations (Children's Inventory of Anger). Impulsives and reflectives did not differ significantly on their self-reported anger arousal on the total Children's Inventory of Anger score. Therefore, the hypothesis was …

A Demographic Profile Of The 1980 Clients Of The Family Crisis Center, Susan Lee Hitchcock

Honors Theses

"Parents in stress" is the target population of the Family Center. This program is run by Family and Children's Service of Richmond and serves an area which includes the Richmond, Henrico, Chesterfield and Hanover communities, Professionals as well as volunteers who work under the supervision of said professionals as family counselors, comprise the program staff of the Family Crisis Center.

The Type A Coronary-Prone Personality : A Coping Mechanism For Situational Control, Elizabeth Bennett

Honors Theses

What is the factor that relates coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular problems to societal advancement and increased occupational demands? This paper will examine this question by first reviewing the studies done by Meyer Friedman and R.H. Rosenman which have provided evidence to suggest that there is a link between stressful situations and coronary heart disease, and which led to the development of the personality type A which is coronary prone. The physiological effects that stress may produce and the ways in which this may lead to coronary heart disease will be discussed. Also examined will be the proposal by …

An Alternative Explanation For The Origin And Effects Of Sex Roles, Mary F. Chewning

Honors Theses

Since the onset of the Women's Liberation movement in 1970, psychology literature has been flooded with studies investigating psychological sex differences, especially with regard to sex roles. This construct has been subdivided into the domains of masculine, feminine, androgynous, and undifferentiated, and persons classified under each of these categories have been examined in terms of how their "sex role'' influences their overt and covert behaviors. This ad hoc procedure for studying sex roles is useful in describing behaviors, one of psychology's professed goals. It may even prove valuable in striving toward the more ubiquitous goal of predicting behavior from preceding …

A Study Of The Community Development Advisory Act Committee 1978-1979, Christopher W. Cottrell

Honors Theses

This paper will focus on the Community Development Act Advisory Committee, (CDAAC), for the year 1978-79. This Citizens Advisory Committee is required under the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's Community Development Block Grant, Entitlement Grant Program. The City of Kalamazoo, as an applicant for community development Block Grant funds, must have citizen input on how funds should be spent on the neighborhoods that qualify for assistance. This year there is about $2,323,563 which can be spent to improve the housing and community needs of what the city calls the six comprehensive Neighborhood Revitalization Areas or more commonly known …

The Institutionalization Of The Aged, Cynthia E. Allen

Honors Theses

This study, "The Institutionalization of the Aged", deals with several aspects of institutionalization in order to determine how both the physical and psychological needs of the elderly are currently being met and how the present situation can be improved. The topics covered include the process of entering an institution, the problems of institutional living, the types of programs available in institutions, the process of leaving an institution, and some possible improvements in institutional life. These topics are studied by researching the current literature on aging that deals with institutionalization. From the research, it appears that the elderly have many special …

An Insight Into Management Development Programs, Bretta A. Tulbert

Honors Theses

Management development can be defined as any form of training for managers to improve present job performance while preparing them for advancement into higher positions. It involves any attempt by a manager to improve his position by the acquisition of new knowledge, skills, and attitudes in an orderly manner. Management development involves more than a series of presentations; it is a growing process which develops both general and specific interest. This is the responsibility of the company and the individual. The programs should include continuous feedback of results, development of individual career plans, and application of executive development techniques.

Before …

A Survey Done To Determine Methods Of Increasing Participation Among University Of Richmond Alumni, Robin Leigh Hicks

Honors Theses

A survey was done to determine means of improving participation among alumni of the University of Richmond in alumni programs. A modified delphi-technique, using three surveys, was utlized. The population included alumni from Richmond College, The School of Business Administration, T. C. Williams School of Law, and Westhampton College. Results of Surveys 1 and 2 are included in Appendix A, and results of Survey 3 are in Appendix B.

The Psychological And Rehabilitative Aspects Of Cerebrovascular Accidents, Jeanette Given

Honors Theses

Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA), commonly known as strokes, are the third main cause of death in America, with 200,000 deaths occurring each year ("Seven Hopeful Facts about Stroke," 1969). But not everyone dies as a result of a stroke. There are approximately 1 1/2 million people living in the United States who have had a stroke, and over 600,000 will be stroke victims this year ("Body Language"). Many of these people will be disabled and suffer various adverse side effects as a result of the stroke. CVA is the number one crippler in North America, with two million people becoming disabled …

Child Neglect, Katherine Earle

Honors Theses

The constant change, fast pace, urbanization, and mobilization of our society has propagated the creation of many new and marvelous inventions. However, the waste products of increased individual stress and discontent have, in turn, created an atmosphere conducive to such things as child abuse and child neglect. It may not be determined if abuse and neglect are more prevalent now than in the past, but fortunately they are being more frequently reported, the first step in correcting the situation. Recently the issue of child abuse has been widely discussed and has come to the attention of the community and the …

The Measurement Of Self-Preoccupation, Steven W. Noles

Honors Theses

In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of interest in research on the extent and manner in which a person views him/herself in various settings. Some refer to this as self-preoccupation (Sarason, 1975, 1978; Wine, 1971), while others call it self-awareness, a state (Duval and Wicklund, 1972) or self-consciousness, a trait, (Buss and Scheier, 1976). It has been hypothesized that human consciousness is bidirectional; that is, it can be focused inward to the self or outward to the external environment (Bandura, 1977). There is some research and theory that suggests that the focus of this attention, influences the …

Male/Female Conceptualization Differences In Children Of Single Fathers And Dual Parent Families, Patricia A. Riley

Honors Theses

Fifteen single fathers and their children and fifteen presently married fathers and their children were Ss in this study to investigate differences in male/female conceptualizations between the children of the two different family structures as well as the influence of the fathers' self-reported sex-role on the children. The BEM Sex-Role Inventory was administered to the fathers and the Kagen Symbolic Conceptualization Test was given to the children. Analysis results indicate no sex-role differences among both groups of fathers. Children's responses were significant when 1) scores of children of married fathers and children of single fathers were compared on the feminine …

A Correlational Analysis Of Suggestibility, Self Preoccupation, Styles Of Loving, And Sensation Seeking, Teresa L. Johnston, Matt E. Jaremko

Honors Theses

A number of personality inventories and psychometric measures have been recently introduced to the psychological literature that attempt to measure concepts that have received little empirical scrutiny. Among these are scales to measure response suggestibility (Wilson & Barber, 1976), self-preoccupation (Noles & Jaremko, 1979) and styles of loving (Lasswell & Lasswell, 1976). This paper describes a study of the interrelationships of these measures with a well established personality measure, sensation seeking (Zuckerman, 1978) It is hoped that information on the correlations of these scales will suggest possible directions for future research and theory concerning these constructs.