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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Shear Behaviour Of Rock Joints With Unsaturated Infill, B Indraratna, Wuditha N. Premadasa, E. T. Brown
Shear Behaviour Of Rock Joints With Unsaturated Infill, B Indraratna, Wuditha N. Premadasa, E. T. Brown
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Behaviour of soil-infilled rock joints has significant importance with respect to the strength of fractured rock mass. The presence of even a small amount of fine-grained infill material within a joint can reduce its shear strength considerably, depending on the degree of saturation of infill. Therefore, it is crucial to examine how the infill material can adversely affect the joint shear strength. Previous studies of infilled joints have mainly been focused on idealised regular joint patterns owing to the simplicity and reproducibility in laboratory testing. Current literature on infilled rock joints has also neglected the effect of the degree of …
The Influence Of Pallets On The Behaviour And Design Of Steel Drive-In Storage Racks - Part Ii Design, B P. Gilbert, L H. Teh, R X. Badet, K J. R Rasmussen
The Influence Of Pallets On The Behaviour And Design Of Steel Drive-In Storage Racks - Part Ii Design, B P. Gilbert, L H. Teh, R X. Badet, K J. R Rasmussen
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This paper analyses the influence of the horizontal restraints provided by pallets on the ultimate capacity of drive-in racks. The paper is based on the assumption that one can accurately determine the coefficient of friction between the rail beams and the pallets or can design a device that restrains the pallets from sliding on the rail beams. Thirty-six drive-in racks representing the global sale of an Australian manufacturer over three years are analysed for all possible loading scenarios. For the sake of computational efficiency, the simple 2D model introduced in the companion paper is used for the study. The load …
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling Of Respirable Dust And Gas Behaviour On A Longwall Face, T Ren, Z Wang
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling Of Respirable Dust And Gas Behaviour On A Longwall Face, T Ren, Z Wang
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Longwall mining is the dominant form of underground coal mining methods in Australia. As production increases there is also a need for increased face ventilation rate for gas dilution and dust mitigation. The behaviour of gas emission and respirable dust in a longwall face is a complex process because of the nature of longwall operations. The generation, dispersion and transport of airborne dust and gas are governed mainly by the spatial velocity and the movement pattern of the ventilation air. To understand the gas and dust behaviour in a complex longwall mining environment and to evaluate the effectiveness of various …
Behaviour Of A Compacted Silty Sand Under Constant Water Content Shearing, Ana Heitor, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn, Buddhima Indraratna
Behaviour Of A Compacted Silty Sand Under Constant Water Content Shearing, Ana Heitor, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn, Buddhima Indraratna
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This structure derived from compacting the soil at different water contents and energy levels can have a substantial effect on its shear strength. While the shear strength with varying suction can be estimated based on the saturated shear strength parameters and the unsaturated angle of shearing resistance (0b), limited studies have explored the variation of strength properties with different compaction states. In this paper, the shear strength of a silty sand soil was investigated using a conventional direct shear box under constant water content condition. The tests were conducted on specimens prepared by Proctor compaction with three different normal pressures. …
The Role Of Geosynthetics In Improving The Behaviour Of Ballasted Rail Tracks, Buddhima Indraratna, Sanjay Shrawan Nimbalkar
The Role Of Geosynthetics In Improving The Behaviour Of Ballasted Rail Tracks, Buddhima Indraratna, Sanjay Shrawan Nimbalkar
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This chapter contains a laboratory assessment of the role of geosynthetics in the performance of railway ballast. The main objectives of this testing were to examine the actual potential of selected geosynthetic products for ballast stabilisation. A series of cyclic drained tests were carried out using a large scale prismoidal triaxial apparatus that was designed and built at the University of Wollongong, and is the most innovative cyclic process simulation testing equipment available in the world today. The effects of different types of geosynthetics, including bi-axial geogrid, non-woven geotextile and geocomposite (a combination of bi-axial geogrid and non-woven geotextile) have …
Coupling Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption With Membrane Bioreactor Treatment For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal: Breakthrough Behaviour Of Persistent And Hydrophilic Compounds, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, William E. Price, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem
Coupling Granular Activated Carbon Adsorption With Membrane Bioreactor Treatment For Trace Organic Contaminant Removal: Breakthrough Behaviour Of Persistent And Hydrophilic Compounds, Luong N. Nguyen, Faisal I. Hai, William E. Price, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This study investigated the removal of trace organic contaminants by a combined membrane bioreactor - granular activated carbon (MBR-GAC) system over a period of 196 days. Of the 22 compounds investigated here, all six hydrophilic compounds with electron-withdrawing functional groups (i.e., metronidazole, carbamazepine, ketoprofen, naproxen, fenoprop and diclofenac) exhibited very low removal efficiency by MBR-only treatment. GAC post-treatment initially complemented MBR treatment very well; however, a compound-specific gradual deterioration of the removal of the above-mentioned problematic compounds was noted. While a 20% breakthrough of all four negatively charged compounds namely ketoprofen, naproxen, fenoprop and diclofenac occurred within 1000-3000 bed volumes …
Effect Of Cooling Rate On Oxidation Behaviour Of Microalloyed Steel, Xianglong Yu, Zhengyi Jiang, Jingwei Zhao, Dongbin Wei, Cunlong Zhou
Effect Of Cooling Rate On Oxidation Behaviour Of Microalloyed Steel, Xianglong Yu, Zhengyi Jiang, Jingwei Zhao, Dongbin Wei, Cunlong Zhou
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Oxidation characteristics of a microalloyed low carbon steel were investigated by a hot rolling mill combined with acceleration cooling system over the cooling rate range from 20 to 70°C/s. The effects of cooling rate after hot rolling on microstructure and phase composition of oxide scale were examined. The results showed that the increase of the cooling rate has a significant influence on the decrease of the grain size and surface roughness of oxide scale. A higher cooling rate promotes the formation of retain wustite and primary magnetite precipitation while suppression of eutectoid α-iron precipitates. This provides the possibility to enhance …
The Influence Of Pallets On The Behaviour And Design Of Drive-In Steel Storage Racks - Part I: Behaviour, B P. Gilbert, L H. Teh, R X. Badet, K J. R Rasmussen
The Influence Of Pallets On The Behaviour And Design Of Drive-In Steel Storage Racks - Part I: Behaviour, B P. Gilbert, L H. Teh, R X. Badet, K J. R Rasmussen
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Drive-in steel storage racks represent a popular alternative to the more common selective racks when available space is restricted or when storing the same good. In drive-in racks, the forklift truck drives into the rack and stores the pallets on beam rails on the "first-in last-out" principle. Recent experimental studies have shown that by acting as horizontal ties between uprights, pallets significantly influence the structural behaviour of the rack. However, due to the uncertainty in the degree of friction between the rail beams and the pallets, current industry design practice does not consider this effect. This paper quantifies the influence …
Synthesis Of Mn3o4-Encapsulated Graphene Sheet Nanocomposites Via A Facile, Fast Microwave Hydrothermal Method And Their Supercapacitive Behaviour, Li Li, Kuok Hau Seng, Zhixin Chen, Hua-Kun Liu, Ivan P. Nevirkovets, Zaiping Guo
Synthesis Of Mn3o4-Encapsulated Graphene Sheet Nanocomposites Via A Facile, Fast Microwave Hydrothermal Method And Their Supercapacitive Behaviour, Li Li, Kuok Hau Seng, Zhixin Chen, Hua-Kun Liu, Ivan P. Nevirkovets, Zaiping Guo
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Well-crystallized Mn3O4-anchored reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized via a facile, effective, energy-saving, and scalable microwave hydrothermal technique for potential application as supercapacitor material. Integrating these nanostructures resulted in a strong synergistic effect between the two materials, consequently leading to a hybrid composite with higher specific capacitance compared to the bare Mn3O4 nanoparticles. The results from different sorts of characterization indicate that the Mn3O4 particles were deposited and anchored on graphene sheets. The capacitance value of the rGO(31.6%)–Mn3O4 nanocomposite reached 153 F/g, much higher than that of the bare Mn3O4 (87 F/g) at a scan rate of …
Behaviour Of Hybrid Double-Skin Tubular Columns Subjected To Combined Axial Compression And Cyclic Lateral Loading, Bing Zhang, J G. Teng, Tao Yu
Behaviour Of Hybrid Double-Skin Tubular Columns Subjected To Combined Axial Compression And Cyclic Lateral Loading, Bing Zhang, J G. Teng, Tao Yu
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Hybrid FRP-concrete-steel double-skin tubular columns (hybrid DSTCs) are a new form of hybrid columns developed at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. They consist of an outer tube made of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) and an inner tube made of steel, with the space between filled with concrete. In these hybrid DSTCs, the three constituent materials are optimally combined to achieve several advantages not available with existing forms of columns, including their superior corrosion and seismic performance. This paper presents the test results of a series of large-scale hybrid DSTCs subjected to combined axial and cyclic lateral loads, with an emphasis …
The Effect Of Chromium Addition On The Strain Ageing And Recrystallisation Behaviour Of Low Carbon Steel, Elena Pereloma, V Bata, Azdiar A. Gazder
The Effect Of Chromium Addition On The Strain Ageing And Recrystallisation Behaviour Of Low Carbon Steel, Elena Pereloma, V Bata, Azdiar A. Gazder
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The strain ageing and recrystallisation behaviour of conventional low carbon A06 steel was compared with those containing varying amounts of chromium (0.26, 0.52 and 0.74 wt.%). The results show that the A06 steel undergoes four stages of strain ageing: (i) the pinning by solute atoms of dislocations generated during pre-strain, (ii) the generation of fresh dislocations from grain boundaries, (iii) the onset of precipitation and, (iv) the inhibition of dislocation generation from grain boundaries due to pinning by carbon segregation. On the other hand, the chromium containing steels only exhibit the fIrst three stages of strain ageing. An approximately twofold …
Behaviour Of Cfrp Wrapped Square Rc Columns Under Eccentric Loading, Xu Lei, Thong Minh Pham, Muhammad N. Hadi
Behaviour Of Cfrp Wrapped Square Rc Columns Under Eccentric Loading, Xu Lei, Thong Minh Pham, Muhammad N. Hadi
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) is an excellent material to strengthen existing structures. However, the confinement efficiency of FRP - confined square columns is relatively low compared to circular columns due to stress concentration at the sharp corners. This paper presents a new techniqu e aimed to maximise the efficiency of FRP confinement for square concrete columns : circularisation using segmental circular concrete covers . Sixteen square reinforced concrete columns were cast. Four were used as a reference group; four were rounded 20 mm at each corner and wrapped with three layers of CFRP simulating the conventional methods; the rest eight …
Recrystallisation Behaviour Of Low Carbon Steel With And Without Addition Of Chromium, Azdiar A. Gazder, Vladimir Bata, Sujoy S. Hazra, Elena V. Pereloma
Recrystallisation Behaviour Of Low Carbon Steel With And Without Addition Of Chromium, Azdiar A. Gazder, Vladimir Bata, Sujoy S. Hazra, Elena V. Pereloma
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The effects of 0.74wt% Cr addition on the recrystallisation kinetics of low carbon (LC) steel was investigated using Vickers hardness testing, optical metallography and Electron Back- Scattering Diffraction (EBSD). Compared to the unalloyed steel, Cr addition significantly delays the time for recrystallisation and increases the JMAK pre-exponential factor (k) by an order of magnitude. During initial softening, EBSD returned similar orientations for nucleated and growing grain fractions in both steels. However with longer annealing times the micro-texture of recrystallised grains differs from their earlier counterparts. Overall, the effect of fine Cr carbides on grain boundary mobility in the LC-Cr steel …
Predication Of The Behaviour Of Bulk Materials In The Design And Operation Of Bulk Handling And Processing Plants, David Hastie, Peter Wypych, Andrew Grima, Richard La Roche, David Curry
Predication Of The Behaviour Of Bulk Materials In The Design And Operation Of Bulk Handling And Processing Plants, David Hastie, Peter Wypych, Andrew Grima, Richard La Roche, David Curry
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
It is very dangerous to assume or extrapolate anything when it comes to bulk material properties and behaviour. Traditional methods for flow prediction, such as hand calculation or even just relying on past experience, require assumptions to be made about the bulk material properties and flow. Although these materials may have generic names and possess similar properties (e.g. coal, iron ore), they can all behave quite differently under dynamic conditions. What we end up designing for one part of the plant may be quite different to what is needed in another part of the plant, which may be handling or …
Sensitization Behaviour Of 11-12% Cr Aisi 409 Stainless Steel During Low Heat Input Welding, Cornelis Janise Van Niekerk, Madeleine Du Toit
Sensitization Behaviour Of 11-12% Cr Aisi 409 Stainless Steel During Low Heat Input Welding, Cornelis Janise Van Niekerk, Madeleine Du Toit
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
The study comprised of the investigation into the sensitization characteristics of AISI 409 titanium stabilized ferritic stainless steel during low heat input welding. AISI 409 is a fully ferritic stainless steel used in catalytic converters and tubing for automotive exhaust systems due to the supposition that sensitization does not occur during low heat input welding. Two plates of 2 and 4 mm were tested for sensitization during low heat input welding. The study confirmed that chromium carbide (M23C6) precipitation occurs on the grain boundaries in the heat-affected zone with consequent depletion of Cr adjacent to the …
Survey Response As Organisational Behaviour: An Analysis Of The Annual Enterprise Survey, 2003-2007, Walter R. Davis, Nathaniel Pihama
Survey Response As Organisational Behaviour: An Analysis Of The Annual Enterprise Survey, 2003-2007, Walter R. Davis, Nathaniel Pihama
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Non-response is a matter of great concern to national statistical offices and a key issue for any survey because it can introduce bias to survey estimation. However, in this presentation, we focus on a business's decision to participate in a survey as an example of organisational behaviour and draw on basic organisational theory to explain why businesses may not respond to surveys (eg Tomaskovic-Devey et al 1994). The data are drawn from the Statistics New Zealand Respondent Management System, which links the response history of individual businesses in all Statistics NZ surveys with information from the Statistics NZ Business Frame. …
Assessment Of Drucker-Prager Type Plasticity Models For Predicting The Behaviour Of Frp-Confined Concrete, T Yu, J G. Teng, Y L. Wong, S L. Dong
Assessment Of Drucker-Prager Type Plasticity Models For Predicting The Behaviour Of Frp-Confined Concrete, T Yu, J G. Teng, Y L. Wong, S L. Dong
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This paper presents a critical assessment of the ability of existing Drucker-Prager (D-P) type plasticity models to predict the behaviour of confined concrete using both experimental observations and a recent analytical model. This assessment shows that for a D-P plasticity model to succeed in predicting the behaviour of FRP-confined and other passively-confined concrete, it needs to possess the following three features: (a) a yield criterion which includes the third deviatoric stress invariant, (b) a hardening/softening rule which is dependent on the confining pressure; and (c) a flow rule which is dependent on both the confining pressure and the rate of …
Flexural Behaviour Of Hybrid Frp-Concrete-Steel Double Skin Tubular Members, T Yu, Y L. Wong, J G. Teng, S L. Dong, E S.S Lam
Flexural Behaviour Of Hybrid Frp-Concrete-Steel Double Skin Tubular Members, T Yu, Y L. Wong, J G. Teng, S L. Dong, E S.S Lam
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the flexural behavior of a new type of hybrid FRP-concrete-steel member as well as results from a corresponding theoretical model based on the plane section assumption and the fiber element approach. This new type of hybrid member is in the form of a double-skin tube, composed of a steel inner tube and an FRP outer tube with a concrete infill between the two tubes, and may be employed as columns or beams. The parameters examined in this study include the section configuration, the concrete strength, and the thicknesses of the …