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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 30 of 83
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Effects Of Source Cues And Issue Frames During Covid-19, Chandler Case, Christopher Eddy, Rahul Hemrajani, Christopher Howell, Daniel Lyons, Yu-Hsien Sung, Elizabeth C. Connors
The Effects Of Source Cues And Issue Frames During Covid-19, Chandler Case, Christopher Eddy, Rahul Hemrajani, Christopher Howell, Daniel Lyons, Yu-Hsien Sung, Elizabeth C. Connors
Faculty Publications
The health and economic outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic will in part be determined by how effectively experts can communicate information to the public and the degree to which people follow expert recommendation. Using a survey experiment conducted in May 2020 with almost 5,000 respondents, this paper examines the effect of source cues and message frames on perceptions of information credibility in the context of COVID-19. Each health recommendation was framed by expert or nonexpert sources, was fact- or experience-based, and suggested potential gain or loss to test if either the source cue or framing of issues affected responses to …
The 2012 U.S. Election And Political Messages In Sermons, Daniel Roland, Darin S. Freeburg
The 2012 U.S. Election And Political Messages In Sermons, Daniel Roland, Darin S. Freeburg
Faculty Publications
This study sought to determine to what degree clergy members of various denominations mentioned the 2012 Presidential Election in their sermons. A convenience sampling of 1,012 sermon texts prepared and delivered by 141 Protestant Christian clergy members from August 5 through November 4, 2012, were gathered and analyzed for occurrences and type of political messages. Analysis found that political messages were more likely to be given by clergy located in Blue States and least likely to be given by clergy located in Red States. Extensive political messages were more likely delivered by clergy located in Swing States. Clergy members were …
Change Comes With Time: Substantive Interpretation Of Non-Proportional Hazards In Event History Analysis, Amanda A. Licht
Change Comes With Time: Substantive Interpretation Of Non-Proportional Hazards In Event History Analysis, Amanda A. Licht
Faculty Publications
While methodologists have provided us ample notice of both the problem of non-proportional hazards and the means of correcting them, less attention has been paid to the post-estimation interpretation. The suggested inclusion of time interactions in our models is more than a statistical fix: these corrections alter the substantive meaning and interpretation of results. Framing the issue as a specific case of multiplicative-interaction modeling, I provide detailed discussion of the problem of non-proportional hazards and present several appropriate means of interpreting both the substantive impact and the significance of variables whose effects may change over time.
In Memoriam: Gil Friedman, Harvey Starr
In Memoriam: Gil Friedman, Harvey Starr
Faculty Publications
Gil Friedman, lecturer in political science at Tel Aviv University, passed away on July 16, 2009, at the age of 42 after a short bout with cancer. Much too young, and with so much promise, Gil's death was an unexpected shock to his relatives, friends, and colleagues. His loss is all the more tragic because those who knew Gil were struck by his seemingly boundless energy, his enormous intellectual curiosity, his constant stream of ideas, and his incredible work ethic—all fed by a seemingly insatiable desire to read everything (ever) written in the areas of his current interest.
In Memoriam: Arnold Kanter, William I. Bacchus, Stanley I. Bach, Gary C. Jacobson, David Seidman, Harvey Starr
In Memoriam: Arnold Kanter, William I. Bacchus, Stanley I. Bach, Gary C. Jacobson, David Seidman, Harvey Starr
Faculty Publications
It is with deep sadness that we report the passing of our friend and colleague Arnold Kanter on April 10, 2010, at the all-too-young age of 65. He died from acute myelogenous leukemia, diagnosed in 2007.
Coming Into Money: The Impact Of Foreign Aid On Leader Survival, Amanda A. Licht
Coming Into Money: The Impact Of Foreign Aid On Leader Survival, Amanda A. Licht
Faculty Publications
Donors are more likely to send aid to leaders facing elevated risks of losing power, but targets' ability to benefit from this assistance is conditioned by regime type and political processes. The institutionalization of winning coalitions' loyalty across regime type follows opposite patterns, supporting opposite temporal dynamics across regime types. Democratic leaders' coalitions are firmest immediately after taking office, and aid is of most assistance to them then. As competition and dissatisfaction grows, aid becomes a political liability. In small winning coalition systems, however, coalitions become more solid over time, facilitating increasing benefits from aid. Without a firm coalition, however, …
Creating A "Green Bubble" On Campus: A Model For Programming In A Green Living-Learning Community, David Whiteman
Creating A "Green Bubble" On Campus: A Model For Programming In A Green Living-Learning Community, David Whiteman
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Unanimous Decisions Of The Supreme Court Of Canada As A Test Of The Attitudinal Model, Donald R. Songer, Julia Siripurapu
The Unanimous Decisions Of The Supreme Court Of Canada As A Test Of The Attitudinal Model, Donald R. Songer, Julia Siripurapu
Faculty Publications
Most of the empirical work on the decision making of justices on the Supreme Court of Canada has taken as its exclusive focus the divided decisions of the Court. In contrast to this extensive body of research on divided decision, the much more limited knowledge of unanimous decisions is troubling because such decisions constitute nearly three-quarters of all of the formal decisions of the Court. The analysis reported below provides a first step towards understanding the neglected nature of unanimous decisions. This investigation of the nature and causes of unanimity in the Supreme Court of Canada explores two competing explanations: …
Perception And Reality In Congressional Earmarks, Michael H. Crespin, Charles J. Finocchiaro, Emily O. Wanless
Perception And Reality In Congressional Earmarks, Michael H. Crespin, Charles J. Finocchiaro, Emily O. Wanless
Faculty Publications
Earmarks added to appropriations bills have generated a considerable amount of attention from the media, politicians, and fiscal watchdog groups. Taken as a whole, three 'truths' about earmarks are frequently discussed: 1) earmarks are the reason for large budget deficits, 2) using omnibus legislation instead of regular order leads to more earmarks, and 3) 'airdropped' earmarks added at the conference stage compound the problem of pork. In this paper, we examine these 'truths' and find the conventional wisdom does not stand up to empirical tests. Finally, we show how Congress easily worked around new rules concerning the addition of earmarks …
Judicial Decision Making In The Supreme Court Of Canada: Updating The Personal Attribute Model, Donald R. Songer, Susan W. Johnson
Judicial Decision Making In The Supreme Court Of Canada: Updating The Personal Attribute Model, Donald R. Songer, Susan W. Johnson
Faculty Publications
This study seeks to add to the current understanding of the political nature of the Supreme Court of Canada. We analyze a data set consisting of all nonunanimous published Supreme Court decisions for the period 1949 to 2000. A prior study by Tate and Sittiwong (1989) suggested a model of judge attributes for the period 1949 to 1985. We build on that analysis by extending the time period to 2000, which allows the impact of gender also to be assessed. We find that since the Court gained substantial docket control, the types of cases the Court hears has changed from …
Indeterminacy And Society By Russell Hardin, Daniel R. Sabia
Indeterminacy And Society By Russell Hardin, Daniel R. Sabia
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Economic Globalization And Civil War, Katherine Barbieri, Rafael Reuveny
Economic Globalization And Civil War, Katherine Barbieri, Rafael Reuveny
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Book Review: The Logic Of Political Survival, By Bruce Bueno De Mesquita, Alastair Smith, Randolph M. Siverson, And James D. Morrow, Harvey Starr
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Elicited Priors For Bayesian Model Specifications In Political Science Research, Jeff Gill, Lee D. Walker
Elicited Priors For Bayesian Model Specifications In Political Science Research, Jeff Gill, Lee D. Walker
Faculty Publications
We explain how to use elicited priors in Bayesian political science research. These are a form of prior information produced by previous knowledge from structured interviews with subjective area experts who have little or no concern for the statistical aspects of the project. The purpose is to introduce qualitative and area-specific information into an empirical model in a systematic and organized manner in order to produce parsimonious yet realistic implications. Currently, there is no work in political science that articulates elicited priors in a Bayesian specification. We demonstrate the value of the approach by applying elicited priors to a problem …
Making Law In The United States Courts Of Appeals., Donald R. Songer
Making Law In The United States Courts Of Appeals., Donald R. Songer
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Sunni Modernist Theories Of Social Contract In Contemporary Egypt, Shahrough Akhavi
Sunni Modernist Theories Of Social Contract In Contemporary Egypt, Shahrough Akhavi
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Teaching Green: Experimenting With Green Values In The Classroom, David Whiteman
Teaching Green: Experimenting With Green Values In The Classroom, David Whiteman
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Judicial Review In State Supreme Courts: A Comparative Study By Laura Langer, Donald R. Songer
Judicial Review In State Supreme Courts: A Comparative Study By Laura Langer, Donald R. Songer
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Islamic Political Culture, Democracy, And Human Rights, By Daniel E. Price, Shahrough Akhavi
Islamic Political Culture, Democracy, And Human Rights, By Daniel E. Price, Shahrough Akhavi
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Ethics For Adversaries: The Morality Of Roles In Public And Professional Life By Arthur Isak Applbaum, Daniel R. Sabia
Ethics For Adversaries: The Morality Of Roles In Public And Professional Life By Arthur Isak Applbaum, Daniel R. Sabia
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Strategic Auditing In A Political Hierarchy: An Informational Model Of The Supreme Court's Certiorari Decisions, Charles M. Cameron, Jeffrey A. Segal, Donald Songer
Strategic Auditing In A Political Hierarchy: An Informational Model Of The Supreme Court's Certiorari Decisions, Charles M. Cameron, Jeffrey A. Segal, Donald Songer
Faculty Publications
We examine how the Supreme Court uses signals and indices from lower courts to determine which cases to review. In our game theoretic model, a higher court cues from publicly observable case facts, the known preferences of a lower court and its derision. The lower court attempts to enforce its own preferences, exploiting ambiguity in cases' fact patterns. In equilibrium, a conservative higher court declines to review conservative decisions from lower courts regardless of the facts of die case or the relative ideology of the judges. But a conservative higher court probabilistically reviews liberal decisions, with the "audit rate" tied …
Majority Rule Or Minority Will: Adherence To Precedent On The Us Supreme Court By Harold J. Spaeth And Jeffrey A. Segal, Donald R. Songer
Majority Rule Or Minority Will: Adherence To Precedent On The Us Supreme Court By Harold J. Spaeth And Jeffrey A. Segal, Donald R. Songer
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Religious Right In Court: The Decision Making Of Christian Evangelicals In State Supreme Courts, Donald R. Songer, Susan J. Tabrizi
The Religious Right In Court: The Decision Making Of Christian Evangelicals In State Supreme Courts, Donald R. Songer, Susan J. Tabrizi
Faculty Publications
Much has been written recently about the emergence of evangelicals and others often labeled the "new Religious Right" in American politics. However, little attention has been paid to whether officials who have been socialized in the denominations characterized as being part of this Religious Right actually behave differently in office from those brought up in other religious traditions. The present study begins such an inquiry by examining differences in the voting behavior of state supreme court justices in three issue areas. Evangelical justices were found to be significantly more conservative than mainline Protestant, Catholic, and Jewish justices in death penalty, …
Law And Politics In Judicial Oversight Of Federal Administrative Agencies, Martha Anne Humphries, Donald R. Songer
Law And Politics In Judicial Oversight Of Federal Administrative Agencies, Martha Anne Humphries, Donald R. Songer
Faculty Publications
Administrative agencies play a substantial role in the formulation and implementation of national policy Central to this role is their exercise of discretion. A normative consensus exists that such discretion should be constrained by administrative deference to the rule of law. The courts of appeals are expected to insure that such discretion is constrained. The analysis reported below examines how effectively they fulfill that expectation The findings suggest that agency success is related to political considerations, with agencies being successful when their decisions are consistent with the policy preferences of the judges. However, variables that captured elements of the legal …
Call Screening - Is It Really A Problem For Survey Research?, Michael W. Link, Robert W. Oldendick
Call Screening - Is It Really A Problem For Survey Research?, Michael W. Link, Robert W. Oldendick
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Overcoming Tradition And Modernity: The Search For Islamic Authenticity, By Robert D. Lee, Shahrough Akhavi
Overcoming Tradition And Modernity: The Search For Islamic Authenticity, By Robert D. Lee, Shahrough Akhavi
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Dialectic In Contemporary Egyptian Social Thought: The Scripturalist And Modernist Discourses Of Sayyid Qutb And Hasan Hanafi, Shahrough Akhavi
The Dialectic In Contemporary Egyptian Social Thought: The Scripturalist And Modernist Discourses Of Sayyid Qutb And Hasan Hanafi, Shahrough Akhavi
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Japanese Civil Service And Economic Development: Catalysts Of Change Eds. Hyung-Ki Kim, Michio Muramatsu, And T. J. Pempel, Robert C. Angel
The Japanese Civil Service And Economic Development: Catalysts Of Change Eds. Hyung-Ki Kim, Michio Muramatsu, And T. J. Pempel, Robert C. Angel
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Book Review: Contexts Of International Politics, By Gary Goertz, Harvey Starr
Book Review: Contexts Of International Politics, By Gary Goertz, Harvey Starr
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Social Construction And White Attitudes Toward Equal Opportunity And Multiculturalism, Michael W. Link, Robert W. Oldendick
Social Construction And White Attitudes Toward Equal Opportunity And Multiculturalism, Michael W. Link, Robert W. Oldendick
Faculty Publications
As the United States moves from being a predominantly biracial to a multiracial society, racial attitudes continue to become more diverse and more complex. Scholars need to address these changes not only in terms of black and white Americans, but also how these changes involve and affect other racial groups, particularly Asian and Hispanic Americans. This inquiry looks at some of these complexities by examining how social construction differentials in the minds of white Americans affect their attitudes toward the issues of equal opportunity and multiculturalism. The analysis shows that differences in the cognitive images whites hold of minority groups …