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Articles 3151 - 3180 of 5499
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Effect Of Cooperative Gameplay On Aggression And Prosociality In Violent Video Game Play, Jeremiah Nathaniel Beene
The Effect Of Cooperative Gameplay On Aggression And Prosociality In Violent Video Game Play, Jeremiah Nathaniel Beene
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The aim of this study was to determine what impact (if any) the context (isolated vs. social) of playing different types (violent vs. non-violent) of video games have on people's aggression and positive social behaviors. Participants were randomly assigned to play either a violent video game or a non-violent video game in an isolated context or with another player for 30 minutes, after which they completed the same questionnaires again. Data were then collected on behavioral tasks measuring aggression and prosociality. This experiment failed to find significant effects of violent video game exposure on aggression. Participants who played a violent …
The Role Of Fear Of Pain In Headache, Anna Katherine Black
The Role Of Fear Of Pain In Headache, Anna Katherine Black
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recurrent headache sufferers are often fearful of pain, which disrupts cognitive thought processes, interferes with daily activities, and may maintain headache-related disability through avoidance and associated negative reinforcement. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to 1) examine differences in fear of pain between headache sufferers and non-headache controls; 2) examine differences in fear of pain across primary headache diagnostic groups; 3) assess the extent to which fear of pain predicts headache variables (e.g., severity, frequency, disability); and 4) determine whether fear of pain mediates the relationship between pain severity and headache-related disability. The sample consisted of 908 young adults …
Meaning In Life And Self-Efficacy's Relationship To Depression, Anxiety, And Stress: A Study Of Coastal Residents Affected By The Gulf Oil Spill, Brandy Baczwaski
Meaning In Life And Self-Efficacy's Relationship To Depression, Anxiety, And Stress: A Study Of Coastal Residents Affected By The Gulf Oil Spill, Brandy Baczwaski
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
On April 20, 2010, the Deepwater Horizon Oil Platform exploded, killing 11 people and spilling approximately 210 million gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico over the following months. Disasters such as the Gulf Oil Spill affect individuals in many ways, including the possible onset of psychological issues such as depression, anxiety, and stress. Because mental health effects are comfollowing a disaster, it is important to understand potential protective factors that may decrease the risk of negative consequences related to disaster events. The presence and severity of psychological distress, as well as the method of coping, varies between individuals …
Migraine Screening Among A Non-Clinical Sample, Ashli Brooke Walters
Migraine Screening Among A Non-Clinical Sample, Ashli Brooke Walters
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Migraine is a commonly-occurring primary headache disorder that can be extremely disabling. Despite its prevalence and impact, migraine remains under-recognized and under-treated. The US Headache Consortium recommended validated screening measures as one way to improve headache diagnosis. Previous studies have sought to determine optimal symptom algorithms for differentiating migraine from other types of headache or to validate migraine screening measures, but few studies have attempted to do both. The current study attempted to statistically determine the most sensitive and specific symptoms for differentiating between migraine and other headache and validate the resulting symptom algorithm as a screening measure. Young adults …
Training Emotion Recognition Skills In Children On The Autism Spectrum Using Derived Relational Responding, Kerry Catherine Whiteman
Training Emotion Recognition Skills In Children On The Autism Spectrum Using Derived Relational Responding, Kerry Catherine Whiteman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Prior research on traditional emotion recognition training with individuals on the autism spectrum has shown improvement in skills. However, only a handful of studies have demonstrated generalization of skills to novel stimuli and contexts. The application of derived relational responding to interventions has been shown to be an efficient and effective way of producing generalized behaviors in both typically developing and developmentally delayed populations (Healy, Barnes-Holmes, & Smeets, 2000; Rehfeldt & Barnes-Holmes, 2009). The present study was designed to obtain preliminary data on the effectiveness of emotion recognition training that includes derived relational responding. Three Caucasian children (aged 12-15 years …
The Effectiveness Of Teaching Methods In Traditional Amish Schoolhouses In Lawrence County, Tn, Ann Marie Paley
The Effectiveness Of Teaching Methods In Traditional Amish Schoolhouses In Lawrence County, Tn, Ann Marie Paley
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Amish community at Ethridge in Lawrence County, Tennessee is one of a handful in Tennessee, and, with a population of 1,500 and more than ten church districts, is the largest in the South and one of the top 20 in the nation. This particular Amish community was colonized when three families led by Dan Yoder, Joe Yoder, and Joseph Gingerich moved to the area from Ohio in the mid-1940s due to problems with the establishment of their own schools. Swartzentruber Amish are a subgroup within Old Order Amish society and occupy a distinct place on the conservative end of …
Essays On Monopoly And Monopsony Under Imperfect Information, Matthew Philip Makofske
Essays On Monopoly And Monopsony Under Imperfect Information, Matthew Philip Makofske
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Homeownership And Unemployment: Outcomes And Implications, George Mawuli Akpandjar
Homeownership And Unemployment: Outcomes And Implications, George Mawuli Akpandjar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation consists of three papers on the effect of homeownership on labor market outcomes. In the first paper, I developed a one-sector two-region endogenous job search model and show that when jobs arrive from both local labor market and non-local labor market, homeowners: are less likely to be unemployed than renters; and have higher overall search intensity and exit rate than renters. I then estimate the effect of homeownership on unemployment using a panel data set aggregated from the American Community Survey data from 2003 to 2011 and use relative cost of owning a home as instrument for homeownership. …
Three Essays On Merger Outcomes: Corporate Strategy, Bargaining Power, And Valuation Waves, Stephen N. Jurich
Three Essays On Merger Outcomes: Corporate Strategy, Bargaining Power, And Valuation Waves, Stephen N. Jurich
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation consists of three essays on merger outcomes. In the first essay I classify mergers as value-increasing, neutral, or value-decreasing by measuring the change in the combined wealth of acquiring- and target-firm shareholders at the merger announcement date. I then test the role that strategic objectives and negotiation procedures play in driving value-increasing mergers. The results indicate that geographic expansion creates the largest combined increase in wealth. One-on-one negotiations correspond to greater increases in combined wealth, when compared to mergers that begin with auctions, third-party bids, or mutual discussions. The results of my study support both the strategic-alignment and …
Media Insensitivity To People Of Color: A Comparison And Contrast Of How African Americans Are Portrayed In Mainstream Media To White Americans, Tyler Carter
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
July 13, 2013, I in my great-grandmother’s house with my eyes glued to CNN waiting to see George Zimmerman charged in the shooting death of Trayvon Martin. After the verdict of not guilty was read, I remember tuning into social media and seeing people who looked like me tweet about how disappointed they were in the “system.” Leading up to the Zimmerman trial, I paid attention to how mainstream media intentionally tried to defame Trayvon Martin’s character. Headlines read “Trayvon Martin was a weed smoker” and “Martin was suspended from school.” Fast-forward to August 5, 2014, a teen by the …
12-Item Depression, Anxiety, And Stress Scales (Dass-12): Associations With Self-Report Measures, A Semi-Strcutured Interview, And Behavioral Tasks, Eu Gene Chin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
To date, only one study has examined the psychometric properties of the 12-item depression, anxiety, and stress scales (DASS). Moreover, all psychometric studies conducted with the DASS-21 have focused narrowly on associations with semi-structured interviews and other relevant self-report measures. In order to address these limitations, I proposed to diversify the ways in which we examine the DASS instrument (for both the 12- and 21-item versions). First, I examined the extent to which the DASS instrument is able to predict responses to behavioral tasks and whether the DASS was able to produce hypothesized convergent and divergent relationships with relevant self-report …
A Decision Tree Approach To The Assessment Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Regan Stewart
A Decision Tree Approach To The Assessment Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Regan Stewart
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Structured diagnostic interviews are widely considered to be the optimal method of assessing symptoms of posttraumatic stress; however few clinicians report using structured assessments to guide clinical practice. One key impediment to the use of structured assessments in clinical practice is the amount of time required for test administration and interpretation. Thus, the present research conducted an initial feasibility study using a normative sample of college-aged adults (n = 88) to develop an assessment protocol based on the clinician administered PTSD scale (caps). Decision tree analysis was utilized to identify a subset of predictor variables within the 17 caps symptom …
Cannabinoid Modulation Of Cisplatin Induced Neuropathy, Hannah Marie Harris
Cannabinoid Modulation Of Cisplatin Induced Neuropathy, Hannah Marie Harris
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Endocannabinoid modulation of cancer-related pain is well-documented. Sativex, a cannabinoid extract with a 1:1 ratio of tetrahydrocannabinol (thc) and cannabidiol (cbd) has been shown to alleviate neuropathic pain associated with chemotherapy. This research examined whether thc or cbd alone is effective in attenuating or preventing tactile allodynia associated with cisplatin-administration. Mice (c57bl/6) were given eight doses of 2.3 mg/kg cisplatin or saline solution ip every second day to induce tactile allodynia (ringers on alternate days). Tactile responses to hind-paws were quantified in g of force using an electric von frey (evf) prior to (baseline) and after the cisplatin administration protocol. …
An Evaluation Of Geophysical Methods In The Detection Of Toddler-Sized Burials During The First Six Months Of Burials, Paul Sullivan Martin
An Evaluation Of Geophysical Methods In The Detection Of Toddler-Sized Burials During The First Six Months Of Burials, Paul Sullivan Martin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Geophysical survey has become a major tool in the search for clandestine graves associated with missing person cases. However, relatively little research has been done to evaluate the efficacy of different instruments. Ground-penetrating Radar (GPR), magnetometry, resistivity, conductivity, and susceptibility survey data were collected over the first six months of interment at approximately 30-day intervals for two research plots: an open grassy area and a wooded area. Each area contained five pig burials representing toddler-size (less than 50 pounds) remains and two areas of disturbance or false burials to serve as control graves. The resultant imagery was evaluated in terms …
Divided Schools And Divided Societies: Ethnic Saliency, Socialization, And Attitudes Among High School Seniors In Bosnia And Herzegovina, Matthew Thomas Becker
Divided Schools And Divided Societies: Ethnic Saliency, Socialization, And Attitudes Among High School Seniors In Bosnia And Herzegovina, Matthew Thomas Becker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation explores the role of schools, families, and other-group contact on ethnic saliency and student attitudes towards outside groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) via statistical analysis. It was found that families, via familial example, have a statistically significant (p < 0.001) effect on increasing tolerance towards outside groups, and schools tend to play a secondary role due to a high degree of ethnic homogeneity within secondary schools. Frequency of religious service attendance also plays a statistically significant role in increasing ethnic saliency. Another significant finding is that a majority of high school seniors are not opposed to socializing outside of their own respective ethno-national groups. This dissertation finds that a coupling and de-coupling of ethno-national identity and religion are currently taking place in BiH; among Bosniaks and Croats they are coupled, whereas among Serbs and self-identifying Bosnians they are de-coupled. Data was gathered via field surveys taken by high school seniors from 78 high schools in 53 cities and towns located across the country.
The Role Of Self-Blame And Resilience In Psychosocial Outcomes In College Students Who Engage In Cyberbullying, Jennifer Rose Bailey
The Role Of Self-Blame And Resilience In Psychosocial Outcomes In College Students Who Engage In Cyberbullying, Jennifer Rose Bailey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bullying behaviors (traditional and cyber) are often associated with adverse long-term consequences. As a result of an increase in technology use, traditional bullying has gradually expanded to include cyberbullying. While research in the area of cyberbullying is relatively new, current evidence suggests that cyberbullying is a pervasive problem from childhood into adulthood, and is associated with long-term detrimental effects for bullies, victims, and bully-victims. Research also suggests that self-blame, the tendency to view life events as being within an individual’s control may exacerbate the development and intensity of psychological symptoms (e.g., anxiety, depression) that may result from experiencing stressful events. …
Development And Validation Of An Instrument To Measure Moral Distress Among Counselors Working With Children And Adolescents, Ian Scott Turnage-Butterbaugh
Development And Validation Of An Instrument To Measure Moral Distress Among Counselors Working With Children And Adolescents, Ian Scott Turnage-Butterbaugh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Falender and Shafranske (2004) stated it is “essential for clinicians to develop and understanding of all the influences, from conscious beliefs and culturally embedded values to unresolved conflicts at the margin of awareness, that contribute to clinical practice” (p. 81). The purpose of this study was to meet this professional imperative by developing an instrument designed to assess moral distress among counselors working with children and/or adolescents. Using open-ended surveys and semi-structured interviews, detailed descriptions of participants’ experiences of moral distress were obtained in order to gain an initial understanding of the ways in which the phenomeonon is experienced in …
Invisible Suffering: Practitioner Reflections On Peacebuilding Programs With Youth Exposed To Traumatic Stressors In Intergroup Conflict, Liza Hester
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
For decades, the international community has recognized that youth are some of the most vulnerable to mental and emotional distress within the intractable and cyclical nature of identity-based violent conflict. Exposure to traumatic stressors within these intergroup conflicts poses unique risks not only to the neurological and social development of youth, but also to the capacities of youth to fully participate in peacebuilding interventions. The peacebuilding field has yet to strongly consider how traumatic stress affects dynamics within programs for youth and how these programs may need to modify expectations of youth’s cognitive, social, and emotional functioning to account for …
The Impact Of Public Service Motivation On Reentry Managers' Decision-Making Practices, Marie Pryor
The Impact Of Public Service Motivation On Reentry Managers' Decision-Making Practices, Marie Pryor
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this exploratory study is to examine the effects of public service motivation (PSM) in predicting decision-making of criminal justice personnel (reentry managers) in the management of former prisoners. The overarching research question seeks to answer if, and in what way, PSM score influences reentry managers' approach to their work with the formerly incarcerated, who are in transition from prison back into the community. The main assumption of this study is that those reentry managers with a higher PSM score will be more inclined to take an assistance oriented approach with former prisoners and be more likely to …
Positive Youth Development In Tanzanian Youth: Utility Of The Developmental Assets Approach, Christopher Fox Drescher
Positive Youth Development In Tanzanian Youth: Utility Of The Developmental Assets Approach, Christopher Fox Drescher
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Researchers and practitioners are increasingly interested in positive youth development (PYD), an approach that emphasizes the competencies, strengths, and responsibilities of youth from all backgrounds. This paradigm may be especially useful in research with international youth given the paucity of research on international populations and the stigma surrounding research that focuses on deficits and problem behaviors. I explore youth's developmental strengths using one PYD measure, the Developmental Assets Profile (DAP), within a diverse, national sample of Tanzanian youth. The DAP Total score, Internal and External Assets, and Context Areas all displayed acceptable internal consistencies (.94 ≥ &agr; ≥ .74). Internal …
Essays In Asset Bubbles And Financial Crises, Harlan Michael Holt
Essays In Asset Bubbles And Financial Crises, Harlan Michael Holt
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
The Sweet Auburn Curb Market: The Search For Contested Space In The City Too Busy To Hate, Katie Carter King
The Sweet Auburn Curb Market: The Search For Contested Space In The City Too Busy To Hate, Katie Carter King
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The city of Atlanta has long boosted itself as the city too busy to hate: a place where business and southern hospitality thrive, without the social strife associated with the rest of the region. The Sweet Auburn Curb Market is an almost-century-old municipal market located in the Old Fourth Ward, one of Atlanta’s historic inner-city neighborhoods. By taking a close look at its history, as well as the consumption practices and products associated with the space, alternate histories and stories of resistance become illuminated. Utilizing oral histories, archival research and anthropological theory to investigate the market, this thesis examines its …
Evaluation Of Cognitive Processing Therapy's Five Cognitive Distortion Themes, Jared P. Grigg
Evaluation Of Cognitive Processing Therapy's Five Cognitive Distortion Themes, Jared P. Grigg
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Attentional Bias Toward Pain-Related Pictorial Stimuli Among Individuals With Migraine Following Negative Mood Induction, Michael James Mcdermott
Attentional Bias Toward Pain-Related Pictorial Stimuli Among Individuals With Migraine Following Negative Mood Induction, Michael James Mcdermott
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Migraine is associated with significant reductions in daily functioning and quality of life and is the 19th largest cause of disability globally. The fear-avoidance model of chronic pain details potential pathways for the development of pain disability and affective distress and provides a platform for understanding the dynamic relationship between psychological factors and migraine. Consistent with the fear-avoidance model, a growing body of research provides support for the role of selective attentional biases toward threat-related stimuli among chronic pain patients. However, the few studies to examine the role of selective attentional biases in migraine demonstrate mixed findings, and the exact …
Experiences Of Stigma During Sexual Healthcare Visits: A Qualitative Study Of Non-Monogamous Women, Rachael Mccrosky
Experiences Of Stigma During Sexual Healthcare Visits: A Qualitative Study Of Non-Monogamous Women, Rachael Mccrosky
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Access to health care services is critical to both personal health outcomes and health equity within a community. While non-monogamous behavior is widespread, stigma surrounding consensual non-monogamy can create barriers to health care access. This research outlines the experiences of non-monogamous women during sexual health care visits, how class acts to modify those experiences, the barriers to health care access that they encounter, and the adaptive strategies they employ. The sample for this research was 23 consensually non-monogamous women. Participants were contacted through online support groups, message boards, and snowball sampling. In-depth interviews about their sexual health care experiences were …
Alcohol Consumption, Frailty, And The Mediating Role Of C-Reactive Protein In Older Adults, Mona Shah
Alcohol Consumption, Frailty, And The Mediating Role Of C-Reactive Protein In Older Adults, Mona Shah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Frailty is a well-established indicator of late-life decline and is accompanied by higher rates of comorbidity and disability. Meanwhile, an estimated 41% of adults over the age of 65 report consuming alcohol – an identified health risk and protective factor depending on dosage. Given that the demographic group of older Americans is projected to double by the year 2050, identification of frailty risk and protective factors is imperative. The goals of this thesis are to: (1) identify how varying levels of alcohol consumption relate to frailty, and (2) elucidate a possible mechanism that accounts for the relationship between alcohol consumption …
Detecting Threats From Constituent Parts: A Fuzzy Signal Detection Theory Analysis Of Individual Differences, Ida Van De Car
Detecting Threats From Constituent Parts: A Fuzzy Signal Detection Theory Analysis Of Individual Differences, Ida Van De Car
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Signal detection theory (SDT) provides a theoretical framework for describing performance on decision making tasks, and fuzzy signal detection theory (FSDT) extends this description to include tasks in which there are levels of uncertainty regarding the categorization of stimulus events. Specifically, FSDT can be used to quantify the degree to which an event is 'signal-like', i.e., the degree to which a stimulus event can be characterized by both signal and non-signal properties. For instance, an improvised explosive device (IED) poses little threat when missing key elements of its assembly (a stimulus of low, but not zero, signal strength) whereas the …
Exploring Social Identity Through Stable Isotope Analysis In The Kellis 2 Cemetery, Kaitlin East
Exploring Social Identity Through Stable Isotope Analysis In The Kellis 2 Cemetery, Kaitlin East
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The material remains of ancient Egypt provide extensive and wide ranging data about the empire throughout its history. However, little evidence is available from ancient Egypt, or any past culture, with which to rebuild an image of social identity or individual experiences. This is especially problematic when the dominant narrative ignores experiences of minorities and minimizes the variation existing throughout the empire. Stable isotope analysis has the potential to reveal variability in lived experience of past peoples by acting as a proxy for behavior that can be analyzed from bone. Such an approach has been applied on individuals from the …
Undergraduate Prescription Stimulant Misuse: The Impact Of Academic Strain, Social Norms, And Gender, Lauren Norman
Undergraduate Prescription Stimulant Misuse: The Impact Of Academic Strain, Social Norms, And Gender, Lauren Norman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates the misuse of prescription stimulants among undergraduates for a variety of different purposes, including: academic, other instrumental, and recreational. This research is important as existing literature as well as national level surveillance data indicates a substantial increase in this type of prescription drug misuse, especially among young adults aged 18-25. Drawing from several theoretical frameworks, this research focuses on how academic strain, social norms, and gender influence prescription stimulant misuse among undergraduates. Roughly 900 quantitative surveys were collected that specifically address undergraduate prescription stimulant misuse. The results indicate that college students are at an increased likelihood of …
Temperament And Child Maltreatment: A Closer Look At The Interactions Among Mother And Child Temperament, Stress And Coping, Emotional And Behavioral Regulation, And Child Maltreatment Potential, Amanda Lowell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Several theoretical risk models were proposed previously regarding the prediction of child maltreatment. Although child maltreatment was predicted individually in these models by such variables as parent temperament, emotional and behavioral regulation, stress, coping, and child temperament, these variables were not yet examined collectively. As such, a new transactional theory was proposed for the current study. As part of this study, a national community sample of 158 culturally diverse mothers of young children who were between the ages of 1½- to 5-years rated their own temperament, emotional and behavioral regulation abilities, parenting stress, daily hassles, and coping behaviors as well …