Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Self-Control And Choice In Children: Effects Of Food Magnitude And Reinforcer Delay, Ellen Lee Sharenow

Dissertations

The present research was designed to replicate and extend earlier studies with humans and nonhumans in the area of self-control. A discrete trial, within-subject experimental design over multiple sessions, with food as the reinforcer, was used. Instructions did not describe contingencies of reinforcement Subjects were preschool age children, a population that questionably possess the verbal repertoire capable of generating sophisticated tacting, or mediating behavior during long delays. Four experiments consisted of fixed-ratio, concurrent chain schedules with initial and terminal links. Initial links were forced trials, terminal links, choice trials. In Experiment I, the effects of differences in magnitude while holding …

Effective Administration And Implementation Of External Programs Addressing Social Issues Operating Within Schools, Roselyn R. Cole

Dissertations

Problem. It is difficult for schools to make sound decisions regarding whether to use external programs to address teenage pregnancy, AIDS, substance abuse, or any other social issue. Questions arise as to which administrative factors impact decisions to use an external program and also what indicators influence successful program implementation. The effects of central office support for a program, staff training, and ample funding are administrative factors to be examined before a program is selected.

Method. The research was conducted across several school districts within Indiana. Data collection involved the distribution of a questionnaire developed for this study. Schooladministrators comprised …

Cocaine Dependence: Causal Attributions For Real And Hypothetical Relapse, James W. Pier

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Moderators Of Relationships Between Implicit And Self-Attributed Motives C By Barry J. Hoffman., Barry J. Hoffman

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Correlates Of Chronic Volatile Substance Abuse In Juvenile Delinquents, Mark Pedrotty

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Coping Strategies Of Middle Adolescents, Sheila Hennelly Parfenoff

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

District Elections, Redistricting And Recall: A Study Of The Fifth District Of The City Of San Diego, 1988-1991, Linell Blair Fromm Edd

Dissertations

In 1988, voters in San Diego approved a switch from an at-large to a district-only election system. In 1989, Linda Bernhardt, a 30-year-old political neophyte, ran an anti-developer, grassroots campaign in San Diego's Fifth Council District. She unseated well-financed, two-term, pro-development incumbent Ed Struiksma. Within 17 months, Bernhardt was recalled from office. It was the first successful recall election in the City of San Diego in the twentieth century. This study documented significant events that bore on Bernhardt's recall to gain an understanding and appreciation of how events necessitated the recall. The researcher analyzed contributing factors, using an historical case-study …

An Evaluation Study Of The Effects Of The Pirk Reading Program On Reading And Learning Development In Learning-Disabled Students, Ethelyn Elliott Shippey Edd

Dissertations

An emerging view on learning disabilities is that failure in learning to read in the early grades results in continuing failure in school, along with cognitive and social/emotional dysfunctions: Educational leaders have called for reading programs that are maximally effective and minimally time-consuming, and are suited to the needs of our particular students. Leaders in the field of special education stressed a need for the prevention of failure. This evaluation study examined how the PIRK reading program components fit with the current literature on teaching reading and language arts to all children and to LD children. This study investigated the …

The Development Of An Instrument To Measure Global-Mindedness, E. Jane Hett Edd

Dissertations

The leaders of the twenty-first century will need remarkable insight into other cultures and peoples and unprecedented concern for the well-being of the world community. The generally stated goal of global education in the United States is to foster a sense of global belonging through lessening ethnocentrism, increasing knowledge of other cultures, and promoting a concern for the global ecosystem. Despite the resources dedicated to this end, only limited research has been done to assess the effectiveness of programs designed to foster global-mindedness. Global-Mindedness, as the definition emerged through the qualitative component of this research, is a worldview in which …

Dimensions Of Anxiety And Their Effect On An Aspect Of The Performance Process: Commission Of Mental Errors, Ralph Richard Schoenfeld Edd

Dissertations

The pressure and anxiety of performing well will increase as the importance of winning continues to be stressed in competitive sports. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anxiety-performance relationship in an applied, field-tested manner by examining the relationship between competitive state anxiety and the incidence of mental errors committed under various levels of competition. Male and female elite athletes of the men's and women's basketball teams from the University of Saskatchewan and the University of Regina (Saskatchewan, Canada) made up the subject population for this study. The study utilized the Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT, Martens, 1977) …

A Framework Of Transformational Leadership Concepts Proposed For Undergraduate College And University Student Development And Student Affairs Leadership Programs, Stanley D. Fasci Edd

Dissertations

Educating undergraduate students in the area of leadership has long been part of the educational mission of many public and private institutions of higher education in the United States. At many of these colleges and universities, leadership education and training has been accomplished by programs directed by student development or student affairs divisions of the institution. The purpose of this study was to identify a framework of transformational leadership concepts that could be integrated into existing student development/affairs leadership programs. The study's objectives were: (1) to obtain expert opinion regarding transformational leadership concepts to be used; (2) to verify whether …

Bicultural Women In Monocultural Organizations: Professional Hispanic Women's Experiences Of Diversity And Their Recommendations For Organizations, Carmen Mestas Bárcena Edd

Dissertations

The composition of the work force in this country is changing from one in which the White male was dominant to one in which by the year 2000 women and ethnic minorities will be dominant. Work force diversity will impact organizations at all levels, including top management, which has been closed to women and minorities, and in particular, minority women. The diverse work force's expectation for advancement into top levels of management will present challenges to organizations. Some organizations have recognized that to remain competitive they need to manage a more diverse work force. The purpose of this study is …

Organizations Of The Future: An Analysis Of Current Literature And A New Model, Barbara E. Gilliss Edd

Dissertations

This study confronts the following problem: Western society and its organizations are experiencing the stresses of turbulent times about which there is little clear understanding. The study addresses the need for organizations, their leaders, and their members to understand these times and to determine how to engage themselves in moving toward more enlightened futures. The study questions whether current literature provides a basis for comprehending today's turmoil and its effect on organizations and whether the literature provides a theoretical basis for constructing a model of organizations of the future with which to help them proceed through a transition period. The …

Leadership Relationships And The Superintendency, Theresa M. Peterson Edd

Dissertations

Leadership in the 1990s is perceived as the primary solution to the political, social, economic and educational problems encountered today by our western society. The solutions that have worked in the industrialized society of the past are being re-evaluated and questioned by our technocratic society of today. The concept of leadership is undergoing a change. The old industrial view of leadership is making way for the emerging postindustrial view--a view that regards leadership as an inter-relational process among people who intend real, substantive changes berthed from a mutuality of purpose. This research focused on the leadership relationships forged in the …

Empowerment As A Dynamic Of The Leadership Relationship: A Study Of Two Local Governmental Organizations, Danell Scarborough Gavares Edd

Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to develop a better understanding of the empowerment processes operating within organizations and to theorize about the relationship between empowerment and leadership. The study focuses on empowerment in two local governmental organizations--the City of Carlsbad, California and the City of Scottsdale, Arizona. The research design combined the key characteristics of naturalistic inquiry with the analytical approach of grounded theory methodology. The researcher interviewed the members of both management teams and spent time as a participant observer. The data were synthesized into a conceptual model--a picture of the empowerment practices within these two organizations. The …

The Effect Of Reading And Discussing Literature With Strong Women Characters On Sixth Grade Students’ Sex Stereotype And Occupational Attitudes, Leslie Caspi Edd

Dissertations

There is considerable evidence that children develop stereotyped attitudes early in life and that these attitudes affect their futures. Many researchers agree that children's attitudes can be influenced by what they read and some studies have shown that attitudes can be changed by exposure to selected literature. This study focused on a group of sixth grade children reading selected short stories and novels with female main characters. Literature discussion groups and written journals were used to facilitate response. The clays was racially and socioeconomically mixed as a result of busing through the Voluntary Ethnic Enrollment and Magnet Programs. The class …

Perceived Leadership Style, Style Flexibility, And Style Effectiveness Of Government Hospital Administrators In Thailand, Pongsin Chuwattanakul

Dissertations

Problem. Many health care organizations have a great need for leaders who can handle the complex mix of health care facilities, legal and patient demands. Currently, hospital administrators of government-operated hospitals in Thailand are selected from physicians. These physicians are not directly trained to be professional hospital administrators. It was the purpose of this study to study and reveal their leadership styles.

Method. A descriptive design was used to study the leadership styles, style flexibility, and style effectiveness of hospital administrators in self-reports and as perceived by supervisors. The LBA II-Self (Leader Behavior Analysis II: Self Perceptions of Leadership Style) …

Staff Satisfaction And Leadership Behavior Of Theory X- And Theory Y-Oriented Principals In The Greater Chicago Public School System, Lynn Schiffer Gillman

Dissertations

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to examine any difference in the perceived staff satisfaction in both inner city and suburban elementary and secondary schools administrated by male or female Theory X- or Theory Y-oriented principals. Further, it was intended to determine if there was any reliability to the notion that the staff would rather be administered by male Theory X- than female Theory Y-oriented principals, working on the assumption that staff would prefer working in a school that was administered by Theory Y-oriented principals rather than by Theory-X oriented principals.

Differences were found between gender and administrator's style. …

The Development Of An Instrument To Screen Children At Risk For Attention Deficit Disorder, Carlisle Applewhaite

Dissertations

Problem. The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to screen children who may be at risk for Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). This study utilized ten subtests/variables--letter sequencing, numerical operations, number sequencing, coding, listening concentration, color sequencing, object sequence, attention for sequencing, selective attention, and sentence repetition--to generate responses from two groups of students. The intent was to determine if the linear combination of variables or some subset of them could discriminate between the ADD and nonADD groups.

Method. The items in each subtest were carefully selected and subjected to critiques by eight psychologists, a psychometrician, and two …

A Revisitation Of The Wisc-R Factor Structure With Adequate Sample Size, Systematic Control Of Both Iq And Age Ranges, And The Use Of Procedures To Limit Overfactorization, Rudolph D. Bailey

Dissertations

Problem statement. This study addressed the problem of inconsistency in the results of factor-analytic studies of the WISC-R by performing analyses where age and size of Full Scale IQ ranges were held constant, and by using adequate sample sizes.

Methodology. Factor analyses were performed on the WISC-R scale scores. Principal Axes Factor method with squared multiple Rs in the diagonals was used. Oblimin was the rotation of choice. Sample size varied for each analysis, the largest being 3,493; and the smallest, 225.

Results. At the broad IQ ranges a general factor was found. At narrower IQ ranges, evidence of the …

Object Relations, Object Representations And Social Functioning Of Sexually Abused Girls, Dianne Desousa

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Options-Promoting Interactive Behaviors And Symbolic Play: Longitudinal Investigation, Stephanie Rychlak Stilson

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Child Abuse On Patterns Of Attachment, Capacity For Empathy, And Externalizing Behaviors For Hospitalized Adolescents, Nancy A. Norton

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No abstract provided.

Separation-Individuation, Family Functioning, And Adjustment In First Year College Students: A Longitudinal Study, Glenn M. Mcclanahan

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Women In Religion And Development In Nigeria: A Comparative Study Of Roman Catholic Church And And African Independent Church, Marypaul V.N. Asoegwu

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No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Parental Alcoholism On The Development Of Object Relations And Coping In The Offspring, Elaine D. Rado

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No abstract provided.

Intimacy And Adjustment Among Catholic Priests, Thomas F. Nestor

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Marital Counseling In Social Work : Exploring The Relation Between Education And Practice, Zareena Kheshgi-Genovese

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Class And Gender Dimensions Of Puerto Rican Migration To Chicago, Maura I. Toro-Morn

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Perceptions Of Racial Climate In Residence Halls Between African-American And Euroamerican College Students, Vanessa D. Johnson-Durgans

Dissertations

This study was undertaken to determine if African-American residents perceive the racial climate of residence halls differently than do Euroamerican residents at a predominantly Euroamerican university in southwest Michigan. The questions explored in this study were:

1. Do African-American residents perceive the hall environment differently than Euroamerican residents?

2. Do African-American residents perceive the residence hall government differently than Euroamerican residents?

3. Do African-American residents perceive the halls' student staff differently than Euroamerican residents?

4. Do African-American residents perceive their relation to other residents differently than Euroamerican residents?

This study consisted of analyzing the results of this writer's questionnaire e …