Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Title And Contents- Spring 1985

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

GREAT PLAINS QUARTERLY

SPRING 1985 VOL. 5 NO.2

CONTENTS

WOMEN ON THE PLAINS: AN INTRODUCTION Frances W. Kaye

WOMEN ON THE GREAT PLAINS: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN RESEARCH Glenda Riley

WESTERN WOMEN AND TRUE WOMANHOOD: CULTURE AND SYMBOL IN HISTORY AND LITERATURE June O. Underwood

HAVING A PURPOSE IN LIFE: WESTERN WOMEN TEACHERS IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY Courtney Ann Vaughn-Roberson

A WIDENING HORIZON: CATHOLIC SISTERHOODS ON THE NORTHERN PLAINS, 1874-1910 Susan C. Peterson

BOOK REVIEWS

Historians and the American West

A Borderlands Town in Transition: Laredo, 1755-1870

Prairie Wildflowers: An illustrated manual of species suitable for cultivation and grassland restoration

The …

Notes And News- Spring 1985

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

NOTES & NEWS

UPCOMING SYMPOSIA

PUBLISHING OPPORTUNITIES

NEBRASKA NOTES

Review Of The Archaeology Of Colorado By E. Steve Cassells, Warren C. Caldwell

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

I suspect that academe, at least that portion called anthropology, will not approve of this book. I t lacks the paraphernalia of scholarshipthere are no citations in the text-at least I saw none, nor are there learned footnotes or BOOK REVIEWS 135 graphic displays of statistical data. There is, however, a remarkably inclusive text and an extensive bibliography that can lead the truly interested reader to a treasure-trove of information. Supplementary chapters include lists of relevant radiocarbon dates, a status report on current archeology, a "scrapbook" of archeologists active in Colorado, and perhaps most useful to the uninitiated, a discussion …

Review Of Historians And The American West Edited By Michael P. Malone, Dick Harrison

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

The seventeen essays in this volume are intended, as Michael Malone says, "to describe what has been done, how well it has been done, and what needs to be done" in western American history. Historians will no doubt approach them as a comprehensive assessment of western historiography, but many Great Plains Quarterly readers will come to them as I have, in search of a research tool for the nonspecialist with a limited range of questions to which the historians may have answers.

Together the essays provide an invaluable guide for the nonspecialist, but some offer clearer guidance than others. While …

Review Of A Borderlands Town In Transition: Laredo, 1755-1870 By Gilberto Miguel Hinojosa, Ralph H. Vigil

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

This study of Laredo shows how larger events such as Indian raids, war, occupation, and changes of sovereignty affected population growth, decline, and change from the founding of this border town to the period of the Civil War and Reconstruction. Utilizing primary and secondary sources for his demographic findings, Hinojosa's story of a border community tells us a good deal about average annual rates of population change, family and class structure, ethnicity, age composition, literacy, property ownership, occupations, intermarriage, race relations, and other subjects. Moreover, his comparison with other borderlands communities in this period gives the study perspective. The author …

Women On The Great Plains Recent Developments Research, Glenda Riley

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

During the past dozen years or so, scholars have become increasingly involved in researching the lives and experiences of women on the Great Plains. At the same time, interest in learning more about the lives of all types of western, frontier, farm, and rural women has burgeoned. As a result, researchers now devote their careers to these topics, national conferences convene to disseminate and refine this increasing scholarship, and journals commit theme issues to presenting research results.

This essay is a survey of research developments concerning plainswomen between the early 1970s and the present day. The purpose of such an …

Having A Purpose In Life Western Women Teachers In The Twentieth Century, Courtney Ann Vaughn-Roberson

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Beginning late in the eighteenth century, social theorists developed an ideology of domesticity, maintaining that women's proper role lay in the care of children, the nurture of the husband, the physical maintenance of the domicile, and the guardianship of both home and social morality.¹ Although this ideology helped to propel females into teaching, historians have not agreed on the impact of domestic ideology on women teachers and on the education profession itself. Some scholars conclude that women's easy access to teaching posts turned the classroom into a workshop for motherhood for the average female, perpetuating anti-intellectualism in education to …

Wpa News 8 (1985), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (April 1985), number 8

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Loan Payments To Secured Creditors As Preferences Under The 1984 Bankruptcy Amendments, Richard F. Duncan

Nebraska College of Law: Faculty Publications

The recent bankruptcy amendments made significant revisions in the law of preferences. At least one of these changes, the elimination of the forty-five day rule from section 547(c)(2), has the potential of rendering the trustee impotent against creditors who receive preferential loan payments while other creditors go unpaid. If this possibility materializes, the primary policy of bankruptcy preference law, equality of distribution among similarly situated creditors, will be severely undercut. The bankruptcy courts should respond by construing the ordinary course requirement strictly so as to avoid extending its protection to preferential payments of long-term loans and other atypical financings. If …

Evaluation Of Mark-Recapture For Estimating Striped Skunk Abundance, Raymond J. Greenwood, Alan B. Sargeant, Douglas H. Johnson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

The mark-recapture method for estimating striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) abundance was evaluated by systematically live-trapping a radio-equipped population on a 31.4-km2 study area in North Dakota during late April of 1977 and 1978. The study population was 10 females and 13 males in 1977 and 20 females and 8 males in 1978. Skunks were almost exclusively nocturnal. Males traveled greater nightly distances than females (3.3 vs. 2.6 km, P < 0.05) and had larger home ranges (308 vs. 242 ha) although not significantly so. Increased windchill reduced night-time activity. The population was demographically but not geographically closed. Frequency of capture was positively correlated with time skunks spent on the study area. Little variation in capture probabilities was found among trap-nights. Skunks exhibited neither trap-proneness nor shyness. Capture rates in 1977 were higher for males than for females; the reverse occurred in 1978. Variation in individual capture rates was indicated among males in 1977 and among females in 1978. Ten estimators produced generally similar results, but all underestimated true population size. Underestimation was a function of the number of untrapped skunks, primarily those that spent limited time on the study area. The jackknife method produced the best estimates of skunk abundance.

Ambassador Clayton Yeutter United States Trade Representative Foreign Correspondents Club Tokyo, Japan August 13, 1985, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

It's a pleasure to be here in Japan for my first major overseas trip since becoming U.S. Trade Representative on July 1. I have been hoping that my first major speech outside the United States would be in Japan. Thanks to the kind invitation of the Foreign Correspondents Club, that hope is now being realized.

Wpa News 7 (1985), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (January 1985), number 7

Published by the World Pheasant Association

An Evaluation Of Condition Indices For Birds, Douglas H. Johnson, Gary L. Krapu, Kenneth J. Reinecke, Dennis G. Jorde

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

A Lipid Index, the ratio of fat to fat-free dry weight, is proposed as a measure of fat stores in birds. The estimation of the index from field measurements of live birds is illustrated with data on the sandhill crane (Grus canadensis) and greater white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons). Of the various methods of assessing fat stores, lipid extraction is the most accurate but also the most involved. Water extraction is a simpler laboratory method that provides a good index to fat and can be calibrated to serve as an estimator. Body weight itself is often inadequate …

Quick Estimates Of Success Rates Of Duck Nests, Douglas H. Johnson, Albert T. Klett

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Waterfowl investigators are now generally convinced that the usual way of estimating nest success, dividing the number of nests from which eggs hatch by the number of nests found, may be highly biased and misleading. The bias is caused by the greater chance of finding a successful nest (which persists for a rather long time) than an unsuccessful one (which might be present for only a few days). Hammond and Forward (1956) mentioned problems with this apparent rate of nest success, but the deficiencies were widely ignored by waterfowl biologists until Miller and Johnson (1978) brought attention to them again …

Ambassador Clayton Yeutter United States Trade Representative Address To The World Economic Forum Geneva, Switzerland December 6, 1985, Clayton K. Yeutter

Clayton K. Yeutter, United States Secretary of Agriculture: Papers

I'm very pleased that e World Economic Forum has provided me with my first opportunity to address a European audience since becoming the United states Trade Representative on July 1. As you know, I had hoped to be here sooner, in September, but had to cancel that trip when President Reagan decided to take some tough new trade actions on September 7.

Us Army Missile Intelligence Agency, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, Robert Bolin , Depositor

United States Department of Defense Military Intelligence

This is a recruitment brochure for the Missile Intelligence Agency (MIA) providing a thumb-nail history and description of the organization. The brochure was sent to Robert Bolin in 1985 by MIA.

MISSION • TO PROVIDE WORLDWIDE, SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INTELLIGENCE (S&T) TO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS GENERATED THROUGH THE DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY AND THE OFFICE OF THE ARMY ASSISTANT CHIEF OF STAFF FOR INTELLIGENCE. • TO DEVELOP AND DISSEMINATE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE CONCERNING GUIDED MISSILE SYSTEMS IN RESPONSE TO INTELLIGENCE PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS. • TO ASSESS THE S&T THREAT TO THE UNITED STATES. • TO ENHANCE WEAPONS DEVELOPMENT.

Review Of Aesthetics And The Sociology Of Art, By Janet Wolff, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

In this compactly written and generally accessible monograph, Janet Wolff outlines the contours of reductionism and ideology as central issues in the sociology of art. She provides a thorough critique of contemporary sociological practice, surgically identifying sloppy logic and intellectual imperialism in nearly every recent attempt to solve the "problem" of aesthetics sociologically. Upon completing the book, the reader will no doubt feel greatly informed about a wide range of epistemological, methodological, and ideological issues. At the same time, the reader may feel perplexed in his/her attempt to frame an answer to the question, "What's the next step?" Hence, the …

Cowboy Knights And Prairie Madonnas American Illustrations Of The Plains And Pre-Raphaelite Art, Kirsten H. Powell

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

In 1911, Dorothy Canfield's short story "The Westerner" appeared in Scribner's Magazine.¹ The story describes the chauvinism of Joanna, a young lady from Kansas who, when sent East to attend college, tries to convince her friends that eastern notions of the West are misconceptions. "You think all Western men are long haired cowpunchers!" she cries to her Maineborn roommate. "Let me tell you that they are not, but a great deal better-dressed, and more up-to-date and-and cultivated than these silly Eastern boys!" She takes her crusade to Hillsboro, Vermont, where she informs her elderly cousins that there is no …

Review Of The Rocky Mountains: A Vision For Artists In The Nineteenth Century By Patricia Trenton And Peter H. Hassrick & Karl Bodmer's America Introduction By William H. Goetzmann, Richard W. Etulain

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Historians have generally paid less attention to western art than to other facets of western American cultural history such as literature, religion, and education. Perhaps this lacuna results from historians' lack of knowledge about art history or from their reluctance to venture into the tangled thickets of art criticism. At any rate, except for the useful book length studies of John C. Ewers and Robert Taft (both non-historians) and the less extensive but probing commentaries of William Goetzmann and two of his students, Brian Dippie and Joseph C. Porter, historians only occasionally discuss artistic treatments of the American West.^{1 …}

Originality And Influence In George Caleb Bingham's Art, Stephen C. Behrendt

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

The work of "the Missouri artist," George Caleb Bingham (1811-79), offers us a good opportunity for considering the broad subject of originality and influence in the arts. The combination of originality and convention in paintings such as Fur Traders Descending the Missouri, The Jolly Flatboatmen, and The County Election can tell us much about the dynamics of that branch of American art which sought to reconcile the inherited traditions of formal, academic European art with the often strikingly unconventional reality of a New World.

Often condescendingly labeled "regional" art because of its frequently eclectic emphasis upon the local and the …

Title And Contents- Winter 1985

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Great Plains Quarterly

Winter 1985 Volume 5 Number 1

CONTENTS

EUROPEAN INFLUENCE ON THE VISUAL ARTS OF THE GREAT PLAINS: AN INTRODUCTION Jon Nelson

PACKAGING THE GREAT PLAINS: THE ROLE OF THE VISUAL ARTS Roger B. Stein

ORIGINALITY AND INFLUENCE IN GEORGE CALEB BINGHAM'S ART Stephen C. Behrendt

COWBOY KNIGHTS AND PRAIRIE MADONNAS: AMERICAN ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE PLAINS AND PRE-RAPHAELITE ART Kirsten H. Powell

BIRGER SANDZEN: A PAINTER AND HIS TWO WORLDS Emory Lindquist

BOOK REVIEWS

REVIEW ESSAY: RECENT INTERPRETATIONS OF WESTERN AMERICAN ART

The Rocky Mountains: A Vision for Artists in the Nineteenth Century and Karl Bodmer's America Richard …

Notes And News- Winter 1985

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Notes and News

GRANT AWARDED

ART ACQUISITIONS

CENTER FOR GREAT PLAINS STUDIES SYMPOSIA

CONFERENCES IN RELATED FIELDS

Review Of John Steuart Curry And Grant Wood: A Portrait Of Rural America By Joseph S. Czestochowski, Robert Spence

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

This catalogue was assembled to coincide with an exhibition of "the best works" (p. 5) of two of our most famous American scene painters, Grant Wood (1892-1942) of Iowa and John Steuart Curry (1897-1946) of Kansas. The exhibition traveled, fittingly, to museums in Iowa, Missouri, and Kansas, and was very well received.

Make no mistake about it, the Midwestern Regionalists are "in": the bellwether artistsCurry, Wood, and their friend Thomas Hart Benton of Missouri-have been rescued from the obscurity to which they were consigned during the heyday of abstractionism after world War II. Mr. Czestochowski, an established museum professional and …

Review Of The Indian Arts And Crafts Board: An Aspect Of New Deal Indian Policy By Robert Fay Schrader, C. Adrian Heidenreich

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

In fourteen chapters and thirty-nine pages of notes Schrader chronicles the Indian Arts and Crafts Board during its development from the late 1920s to the passage of the Indian Arts and Crafts Board Act in 1935 and its work until 1945. Placing it within the general sociopolitical context of New Deal policies, including those of the Indian office, he provides a careful, detailed, chronological account of the background, activities, accomplishments, and, above all, the struggles of the board.

The central argument of this book is that the board, one of the major Roosevelt-Collier "Indian New Deal" programs, was the most …

Birger Sandzén: A Painter And His Two Worlds, Emory Lindquist

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Birger Sandzén, Swedish-born painter and lithographer, achieved a national reputation during the more than half a century that he was associated with Bethany College in Lindsborg, Kansas. His place in the mainstream of American landscape painting is readily apparent if one considers the vast number of exhibitions of his paintings, which ranged from hand-carried portfolios in a school or church to one-man shows in major galleries in the United States and Europe.

Although Sandzén's paintings had been exhibited before, his national reputation really began in 1922 with a showing of his work at the Babcock Galleries in New York City. …

European Influence On The Visual Arts Of The Great Plains An Introduction, Jon Nelson

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

From colonial times, American art has been subject to European stylistic influences, but art historians have not heretofore devoted much attention to the effect of such influences on the visual art of the Great Plains. Thus this topic seemed a fruitful theme for the 1984 annual symposium of the Center for Great Plains Studies, as was proved by the variety of proposals elicited by a call for papers. Many of the submitted papers concerned the various manifestations of Romanticism and its effects on painting in and of the region. Romanticism, an imprecise term, covers a multitude of feelings, philosophies, and …

Packaging The Great Plains The Role Of The Visual Arts, Roger B. Stein

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

To consider the influence of Europe upon the visual arts of the Great Plains is to engender not only a new body of information but also some complex methodological questions of concern not only to the specialist but to the student of the region more generally. How does a regional perspective focus one's investigation? How does "influence" work within a culture and how, specifically, that of Europe upon American and western culture? Finally, how do the visual arts function to shed light on these broader questions? It is the last of these questions that I will address here, not as …

Sex Differences In The Recognition Of Infant Facial Expressions Of Emotion: The Primary Caretaker Hypothesis, Raymond B. Hames, Wayne A. Babchuk

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Although much research has been devoted to studying sex differences In functioning (e.g., Maccoby and Jacklin 1974), most efforts have been directed toward documenting or elucidating the proximate causes of sex differences. Few attempts have been made, however, to explain the ultimate causes of these differences or the selective pressures that have led to the development or psychological differences between males and females [for exception see Symons (1979) and Daly and Wilson (1983)]. Toward this end of blending psychology with evolutionary theory we develop what we call the " primary caretaker hypothesis," which predicts that the sex that through evolutionary …

Extending Orientation: Telephone Contacts By Peer Advisers, John Ragle, Kathleen Krone

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

The telephone has been used for delivering a variety of services to college students. Because consumers typically initiate the telephone contact themselves, the effectiveness of these programs depends on the extent to which students are aware of the availability of services and of their own needs for assistance. First-semester freshmen may have the least adequate information about what constitutes a problem and where to go for help on campus. In 1982 the Dean of Students Office at the University of Texas at Austin conducted a pilot study of a telephone contact program in which peer advisers placed telephone calls to …

Two Views Of Sex Differences In Socialization, Patricia Draper

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

The literature on the socialization of human sex differences is likely to remind many students of the parable about the blind men who were grouped around an elephant, each trying to describe to the others what the elephant was like. Several traditions of research in the social sciences have been involved in the study of why the sexes are different. One that emphasizes deliberate sex role training of children owes most of its insights to learning theory and developmental psychology. It regards sex role socialization as the result of interplay between the environmental experience and the child's active learning and …