Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Parasitology As An Interpretive Tool In Archaeology, Karl J. Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Parasitological studies of archaeological sites can be used to interpret past behavior and living conditions. During the 1980s problem-oriented research into prehistoric- and historical-period parasitism developed and resulted in thefield of archaeoparasitology. Archaeoparasitology attempts to integrate parasite data into archaeological theory and interpretation. Within the last decade, four major archaeoparasitological laboratories emerged. They developed interpretive frameworks that apply parasitological data to a remarkable variety of prehistoric behaviors. Parasite remains can be used to reconstruct aspects of diet, health, and other behaviors such as transhumance and trade. Finally. analysis of the distribution of parasite remains can be used to interpret aspects …

The Flute Duets Of W.F. Bach: Sources And Dating, Anita Breckbill

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

The six flute duets of Wilhelm Friedemann Bach (1710-1784) are among the finest examples of this genre from the eighteenth century. That they are still not as well known as they deserve to be may stem partly from the problems with the editions that have been available until recently. The question of when these duets were composed has never been completely answered, largely because the sources present a confusing picture. In his classic biography of Wilhelm Friedemann Bach (1913), Martin Falck remarked that Bach is known to have composed pieces for the flute in Berlin (or, in other words, during …

The Spatial Dimension Of Time, Luann Wandsnider

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Archaeological research depends on the temporal structural of archaeological deposits. Temporal structure includes deposit age and the sequencing or the relative temporal order of one deposit to another. Another aspect is the temporal scale and resolution, or the degree of contemporaneity shared by deposits, Archaeology is also concerned with ethnographic time, that domain in which formation events occur, i.e., the temporal characteristics of activities with respect to the piece of land on which those activities occur. This chapter explores the issue of temporal resolution or deposit grain is it relates to the tempo of use witnessed by a locale.

Managerial Communication Practices In Chinese Factories: A Preliminary Investigation, Kathleen J. Krone, Mary Garrett, Ling Chen

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

This paper presents the results of a preliminary study of selected managerial communication practices in Chinese factories. Members of a delegation of Chinese managers visiting the United States were interviewed to explore: (a) the extent to which Chinese factories conform to a bureaucratic model of organization, and (b) factory director communication within these organization. Of particular interest were their upward and downward communication practices, and their methods for persuading and motivating workers and managing conflicts with problem employees. The results of our investigation reveal a distinctive form of bureaucracy operating within these factories. Moreover, we describe patterns of managerial communication …

Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of Early Childhood Ability Measures Within A Model Of Personal Competence, Richard F. Ittenbach, Amy N. Spiegel, Kevin S. Mcgrew, Robert H. Bruininks

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

The present study tested Greenspan’s model of personal competence with data obtained from the Early Screening Profiles, a nationally standardized preschool screening battery designed to measure the general functioning level of children 2–7 years of age. Of the five models tested (three a priori and two a posteriori), three models produced results indicative of a good fit. These findings support the use of Greenspan’s model of personal competence as a framework for understanding the nature of developing abilities in young children as well as for the improvement of classification and diag-nosis of children with special needs.

The Disaster Of Deforestation In The Brazilian Rainforest, Robert Stoddard

Geography Program: Faculty Publications

In 1987, a major disaster occurred when an estimated eight million hectares of tropical forests in Brazil were destroyed (World Resources Institute 1990, 102). This event is considered a disaster because it was only the annual portion of an on-going process having immense spatial and temporal effects. The temporal impact is expected to remain virtually forever. In contrast to many disasters having a limited temporal impact because restoration is possible, the extermination of several biotic species associated with rainforest destruction is permanent. Likewise, some of the spatial effects have reached their potential areal maximum because they have affected the entire …

Coprolite Analysis: A Biological Perspective On Archaeology, Karl J. Reinhard, Baughn M. Bryant Jr

Karl Reinhard Publications

The most remarkable dietary remains recoverable from archaeological contexts are coprolites. Coprolites are desiccated or mineralized feces that are preserved in sheltered and open sites in arid regions, primarily in the New World. These dietary remains are remarkable from several perspectives. They typically contain a variety of macroscopic and microscopic remains that form interrelated data sets for the reconstruction of diets. Because contexts containing coprolites are typified by excellent preservation, the remains coprolites contain tend to be in better states of preservation than dietary remains recovered from nonfecal deposits. Coprolites also contain the well-preserved remains of intestinal parasites and pathogens …

Vertebral Pathology In Prehistoric And Historic Skeletons From Northeastern Nebraska, Karin L. Sandness, Karl J. Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

Vertebral pathology has long been a useful criterion for anthropologists in the assessment of activity patterns, stress, and general health of extinct peoples. This method of analysis, however, has never been applied to the peoples of the Nebraska Great Plains. This study is the first to concentrate on the indigenous Native Americans of this region, examining the spinal pathology present in the prehistoric and historic skeletal remains. Pathology present in the form of spondylolysis, Schmorl's nodes, osteophytosis (degenerative disc disease), and osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease), provides evidence to suggest differing activity patterns and levels of stress in Plains groups before …

Dan Canyon Burial: A Piii Burial In Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Steve Dominguez, Karl Reinhard, Kari L. Sandness, Cherie A. Edwards, Dennis Danielson, F. A. Calabrese, Chris Kincaid

Karl Reinhard Publications

The Dan Canyon burial was discovered at a time when the philosophy, ethics, and legislation concerning the study of human remains are in a state of flux. A number of important sensitive issues germane to managers, archeologists, and American Indians are discussed in the introduction. The subsequent analysis provides a detailed scientific account of these remains and a glimpse of a segment of a people's past lifeway while remaining sensitive to the wishes of the American Indians.

The burial and associated grave goods of site 42SA21339 were exposed by wave action in a location frequented by boaters at the Glen …

In Stories We Trust: Studies Of The Validity Of Autobiographies, George S. Howard, Arthur C. Maerlender, Paul R. Myers, Tom D. Curtin

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

There is a dearth of research addressing the validity of life stories, or autobiographies. In part, this is because it is unclear how such data sources might be validated. This article recommends two differ-ent perspectives for obtaining evidence relevant to the validity of autobiographical data. A study is conducted from each of these perspectives, and multiple validity estimates are obtained in each in-vestigation. The construct validity of standard psychological constructs (e.g., assertiveness, trustwor-thiness) obtained in Study 1 from autobiographies was equal to that of standard instruments designed to assess these constructs. Evidence for the validity of life themes, extracted from …

Assessment Of Anxiety In Social Interaction And Being Observed By Others: The Social Interaction Anxiety Scale And The Social Phobia Scale, Richard G. Heimberg, Gregory P. Mueller, Craig S. Holt, Debra A. Hope, Michael R. Liebowitz

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Social phobia has become a focus of increased research since its inclusion in DSM-III. However, assessment of social phobia has remained an underdeveloped area, especially self-report assessment. Clinical researchers have relied on measures that were developed on college populations, and these measures may not provide sufficient coverage of the range of situations feared by social phobic individuals. There is a need for additional instruments that consider differences in the types of situations (social interaction vs. situations involving observation by others) that may be feared by social phobics and between subgroups of social phobic patients. This study provides validational data on …

The Americanization Of Ritual Culture: The ‘Core Codes’ In American Culture And The Seductive Character Of American ‘Fun.’, Mary Jo Deegan, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Modern life in the USA is driven by four “core codes” of oppression and repression which structure a wide range of cultural patterns, from fleeting, face-to-face interactions to enduring, large scale social institutions. The four codes (sex, class, bureaucratization, and the commodification of time) also give recognizable contours to modern American cultural rituals (participatory as well as media-constructed) and contribute to the seductive character of “fun” which these rituals typically generate. American “fun” provides short-lived, incomplete escapes from mundane routine, and simultaneously strengthens and reproduces the core oppression and repressions of everyday life.

American “fun” provides its consumers with ritual …

The Gunman Downstairs, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

EXACTLY 24 HOURS ago, in this building, nearly two dozen of your fellow students fled from Room 112, downstairs, in mortal terror of being murdered by a classmate in a senior-level actuarial science class. Newspaper accounts of this event present a particularly vivid example of the frame concepts that Erving Goffman explicates in Frame Analysis. In particular, Arthur McElroy’s entrance into Room 112 was a “guided doing” by which he willfully intended to kill at least a few, if not all, of his classmates.

“For a second,” said a student in the class, “I just sat there in a daze.” …

Review Of Aspen, A Documentary Film By Frederick Wiseman, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Frederick Wiseman's most recent documentary was heralded in the New York Times (December 29, 1991, pp. 27,36) with considerable fanfare, but for this reviewer Aspen is a sociological disappointment. Wiseman's unusually keen documentary grip on the subtleties and institutional complexities of Western society has momentarily slipped in his presentation of the collage of institutionally disjointed images offered in Aspen. Visually excavating the social nexus of community life as a whole is a worthy objective for filmmakers of Wiseman's stature and experience, but sociology instructors who hope that Aspen might serve as an institutionally sophisticated community study will have to …

Make A Quick Decision In (Almost) All Cases: Our Perennial Crisis In Cataloging, Mary K. Bolin

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

Growing backlogs and the increasing complexity of cataloging rules have led to activity on the national level to simplify and streamline cataloging. The solution to the perennial crisis in cataloging, however, begins with the attitudes of the individual cataloger. This article discusses those attitudes and proposes solutions for the individual.

Instrumental Valuation Indicators For Natural Resources And Ecosystems, F. Gregory Hayden

Department of Economics: Faculty Publications

Beldon Daniels, in the early draft of his latest book, which has a working title of Rediscovering America, 1992, has written that there have been four major eras in human history. The fourth, into which we are now evolving, according to Daniels, is the age of intelligence. Although the intelligence activity of the modern age both uses and directs the development of large quantities of data, information, and knowledge; a measurement concept, or unit for valuation has yet to be developed. The industrial age from which we are evolving, consistent with the technology of that era, has used industrial …

States Of Mind Model And Cognitive Change In Treated Social Phobics, Monroe A. Bruch, Richard G. Heimberg, Debra A. Hope

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The applicability of Schwartz and Garamoni’s (1986, 1989) States of Mind (SOM) model for assessing the influence of cognitive-behavioral therapy on cognitive functioning was evaluated with social phobics. The SOM model states that a positive dialogue (i.e., a 2:1 ratio of positive to negative thoughts) is optimal for effective coping. Social phobics receiving either a cognitive-behavioral or educational-supportive group treatment were compared for SOM change, as were subjects meeting criteria for improvement or nonimprovement. Also the study compared the predictability of the SOM ratio with a ratio based on percent of negative thoughts. Subjects in both treatments evidenced negative monologue …

Spreadsheet Models For Cataloging Statistics, Mary K. Bolin

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

Statistics about cataloging activity are collected for several reasons: to monitor productivity and workflow and to satisfy requests from outside agencies and the library administration about the size and nature of the library's collection. Several spreadsheets developed at the University of Idaho Library to collect statistics about cataloging activity and technical services activity and costs are examined here.

Concurrent Validity Of The Social Phobia And Anxiety Inventory, James D. Herbert, Alan S. Bellack, Debra A. Hope

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI) is a new instrument designed to assess symptoms of social phobia. Although the scale has been shown to have a good test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity, no studies have examined its concurrent validity with respect to other measures of social anxiety and avoidance. In the present study, the relationship between the SPAI and several self-report measures of social anxiety was examined in a sample of 23 patients meeting DSM-III-R criteria for social phobia. The relationship between the SPAI and other measures of psychopathology, as well as performance during a role play …

Wpa News 34 (1991), World Pheasant Association

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Newsletters

WPA News (November 1991), number 34

Published by the World Pheasant Association

Retrospective Conversion Of A Medium-Sized Academic Library, Mary K. Bolin, Harley B. Wright

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

Even a successful retrospective conversion project requires a great deal of time, money, staff .and problem-solving. The University of Idaho Library is a medium-sized academic library and a member of WLN. This article describes the methods the library used to convert its collection, and examines the problems encountered with each method.

Preservation Literacy: Needs And Solutions In Nebraska, Katherine L. Walter

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

Preservation literacy is becoming crucial as Nebraska's collections age and as the body of .Nebraska's written heritage grows. Preservation needs in the state have been identified by surveying libraries, historical societies, museums and records offices. Based on these surveys and on a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) funded State Preservation Planning Project, solutions to shared preservation problems are being proposed. Goals are to improve housing and care of collections, to preserve key collections in Nebraska, to raise public awareness, and to provide a coordinated preservation program for state repositories.

Review Of The Archaeology Of Regions: A Case For Full-Coverage Survey By Suzanne K. Fish And Stephen A. Kowalewski, Eds., Luann Wandsnider

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

The goal of this volume is “to expand the explicit rationale for [full-coverage survey], to affirm it as a practicable technique, and to illustrate its superiority as a basis for archaeological inference” (p. 2). Full-coverage survey (FCS) involves “the systematic examination of contiguous blocks of terrain at a uniform level of intensity” (p. 2), but stipulates no minimum areal extent and no special intensity of coverage. This volume argues that justification for expending limited resources on FCS lies in its potential to capture settlement patterns, which somehow reflect settlement systems and which cannot be approached by sample survey.
S. Fish …

Zami: A Portrait Of An Artist As A Black Lesbian, Barbara Dibernard

Department of English: Faculty Publications

As feminist critics, we cannot continue to ignore differences in race, sexuality, and class when we write about women; we should heed Adrienne Rich's critique of her own earlier work, that she will never again write of the "faceless, raceless, classless category of 'all women.'" Aware that my work will be partial and limited, I would like to explore Audre Lorde's Zami as a portrait of an artist as a black lesbian. In doing so, I hope to suggest areas where we must open up our conception of the female Kunstlerroman so that we are taking account of Lorde's black …

Critique Of Contingent Valuation And Travel Cost Methods For Valuing Natural Resources And Ecosystems, W. David Eberle, F. Gregory Hayden

Department of Economics: Faculty Publications

In July 1989 the U.S. District Court of Appeals in Washington, D.C. disallowed the method that had been established by the U.S. Department of Interior (DOI) for determining what a corporation would pay in the case of injury to an ecosystem from hazardous waste spills [Ohio v. Interior 1989]. The DOI method was based on neoclassical methodology and appraisal techniques. The Court ruled that "restoration is the proper remedy for injury to property where measurement of damages by some other method will fail to compensate fully for the injury," and that "natural resources have value that is not readily …

The Rural-Urban Continuum And Environmental Concerns, J. Allen Williams Jr., Helen A. Moore

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Studies have generally found rural residents to be less concerned about environmental problems than urbanites. This difference has been attributed primarily to a nature-exploitative attitude of farmers. The present study finds little support for this proposition, but an alternative explanation, derived from rational choice and exchange theory, is supported. Owner-operator farmers are different from tenants and absentee owners in their level of environmental concern and shift positions across the range of environmental issues, as do rural nonfarm and small town residents. Furthermore, urban respondents are not consistently more likely than all rural categories to show the greatest environmental concern.

Farm Women's Labor Contributions To Agricultural Operations, Audie Blevins, Katherine Jensen

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Employment data for women living on farms/ranches in six Wyoming counties were gathered in 1985 and 1986 as part of a farm/ranch households survey. This paper focuses on female employment and its contribution to the economic viability of farm operations, by considering the importance of women's as well as men's employment in maintaining the economic viability of farming/ranching operations during a farm crisis and a wage boom. Although an equal percentage of females and males work off-farm, the data show gender-defined patterns. While size of farm operation was a major predictor of the likelihood of engaging in off-farm employment for …

Global Change In The High Plains Of North America, Jane H. Bock, William D. Bowman, Carl E. Bock

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

The High Plains of North America extends from Canada to northern Mexico. This grassland region is subject to prolonged drought, herbivory, and wildfire. Organisms that are indigenous to the High Plains are adapted to these environmental factors. Periodic droughts occur at inexact, but few year, intervals. The grazing by free ranging bison, the indigenous large herbivore, has been replaced by grazing of fenced domestic stock. Fire regimes throughout human occupation of the region have been greatly influenced by human activities. Cultivation of wheat and corn also is carried out in the region.

Predicted climate changes in this region are increased …

Great Plains-Rocky Mountain Division, Association Of American Geographers, 1991 Meeting, Richard A. Marston

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

The 46th annual meeting of the Great Plains-Rocky Mountain Division, Association of American Geographers, drew a record attendance of 270 to Laramie, Wyoming, on September 5–7, 1991. The Department of Geography at the University of Wyoming hosted participants from Alberta, Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Saskatchewan, and South Dakota as well as from many other locations outside the Plains region.

Review Of Sustainable Agriculture In Temperate Zones, Charles A. Francis, Cornelia Butler Flora, And Larry D. King, Eds., David R. Lighthall

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

The editors of Sustainable Agriculture in Temperate Zones have succeeded in compiling the diverse range of issues orbiting the expansive and somewhat nebulous concept of sustainable agriculture. The book contains well-written chapters by established experts drawn primarily from the mainstream sustainable agriculture movement within US land grant universities. The strength of the book is the authors' cogent reviews of leading edge research in their respective fields of expertise. These areas include soil chemistry and biology, plant breeding, crop rotations and legumes, pest management, pasture management, conversion to sustainable systems, production economics, rural development, and agricultural policy. Added to this eclectic …