Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Review Of Bess Streeter Aldrich: The Dreams Are All Real By Carol Miles Petersen, Barbara W. Rippey

Great Plains Quarterly

Bess Streeter Aldrich, Nebraska author (1881-1954), believed that if people want to do something badly enough, they will find the time to do it. Carol Miles Petersen, her biographer, tells us that Aldrich wanted so much to write that care of a husband, four children, and a home failed to deter her. The early death of Aldrich's husband added an economic impetus to her initial drive. She published a dozen books and numerous short stories and articles in meeting her artistic and family responsibilities. Moreover, during depression years, she aided her community substantially by offering quiet financial help to the …

Review Of The Drifting CowboyBy Will James I See By Your Outfit: Historic Cowboy Gear Of The Northern Plains By Tom Lindmier And Steve Mount, Richard W. Slatta

Great Plains Quarterly

Will James (1892-1942) served as living proof that prison can reform a man. Convicted of rustling in 1915, he used his writing and drawing ability in prison to prove his social worth and rehabilitation. By the time alcohol abuse ended his life, he had illustrated and written twenty-four entertaining volumes.

Most of James's books have been long out of print. Thanks to joint efforts by the Will James Society (PO Box 8207, Roswell, MN 88202) and Mountain Press Publishing, all of his works will be reprinted. The Drifting Cowboy, first published in 1925, joins his first book, Cowboys North …

Review Of Caddo Indians: Where We Come From By Cecile Elkins Carter, F. Todd Smith

Great Plains Quarterly

Unlike the Native American tribes of the northern Plains-especially the Teton Sioux-the Indians of the southern Plains have been relatively neglected by historians. This is partially the result of these tribes' long, extensive dealings with the Spanish and French before interacting with representatives of the United States in the mid-nineteenth century. The nomadic buffalo hunting Comanches and Kiowas have had their share of chroniclers, due in part to the dramatic wars they fought in response to their being forced onto reservations following the Civil War. Only recently, however, has a historian, Stanley Noyes, written exclusively about the Comanches before 1845. …

The Early Growth Of The Conrad Banking Enterprise In Montana, 1880-1914, Henry C. Klassen

Great Plains Quarterly

In the year 1880 two brothers, William G. and Charles E. Conrad, organized the First National Bank at Fort Benton in north central Montana, capitalized at $50,000. They supplied at least $10,500 of this capital and gradually came to own a majority of the stock. From this modest start, the Conrad partnership expanded through involvement not only in the First National but also in other Montana banks until its emergence as a banking empire thirty-four years later with a paid-up capital of more than half a million dollars. The partnership grew by entering several geographical markets, becoming a regional partnership. …

Changes In Breeding Bird Populations In North Dakota: 1967 To 1992-93, Lawrence Igl, Douglas Johnson

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

We compared breeding bird populations in North Dakota using surveys conducted in 1967 and 1992-93. In decreasing order, the five most frequently occurring species were Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris), Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater), Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta), Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus), and Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus). The five most abundant species-Horned Lark, Chestnut-collared Longspur (Calcarius ornatus), Red-winged Blackbird, Western Meadowlark, and Brown-headed Cowbird-accounted for 31-41% of the estimated statewide breeding bird population in the three years. Although species composition remained relatively similar among years, between year patterns in …

Perspectives On The Diagnosis, Epizootiology, And Control Of The 1973 Duck Plague Epizootic In Wild Waterfowl At Lake Andes, South Dakota, Gary Pearson, Delmar Cassidy

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

An epizootic of duck plague occurred in early 1973 in a population of 163,500 wild waterfowl, primarily mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), wintering on Lake Andes and the nearby Missouri River in southeastern South Dakota (USA). The diagnosis was based on pathologic lesions and confirmed by virus isolation. Control measures included quarantine, attempts to reduce virus contamination of the area, dispersal of waterfowl, and monitoring of wild waterfowl populations for mortality. The epizootic resulted in documented mortality of 18% and estimated mortality of 26% of the waterfowl at risk. Prompt implementation of control measures might have limited mortality to approximately …

Birds Of Western North America, Lawrence D. Igl

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

This photographic identification guide covers more than 530 species of birds that regularly occur in the western half of North America. It is slightly larger than most field guides, including the popular National Geographic Society's Field Guide to the Birds of North America, which is continental in coverage. Nonetheless, it is small and sturdy enough to conveniently carry in a jacket pocket or backpack. The field guide begins with a short section on how to use the book; the bulk of the book consists of species accounts. Each species account occurs on one page (a few species are jointly …

Metapopulations And The Real World, Douglas H. Johnson

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Metapopulations are currently a hot topic in ecological theory and conservation biology. Fundamentally, a metapopulation is a population of populations, and the term describes certain populations that inhabit discrete habitat patches. Individuals move between patches often enough to recolonize extirpated patches, but not so frequently that the patches exhibit similar population trajectories. The term "metapopulation" was coined and a theory formalized by Richard Levins in 1969, but the concept of spatially divided populations has been around for a longer time.

Pattern And Process In Biological Invasion, Diane L. Larson

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

A cohesive theory of biological invasion has been frustratingly elusive. If nothing else, Mark Williamson's book, Biological Invasions, has convinced me of the futility in looking for broad patterns among the widely disparate creatures that have invaded almost every conceivable environment.

Cheyenne Autumn, By Mari Sandoz, Michael R. Hill

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Cheyenne Autumn is an unflinching historical portrait of a people confronting physical extermination and cultural annihilation at the hands of duplicitous government forces. This work is structurally a chapter-by-chapter chronicle of a Cheyenne outbreak starting in Oklahoma and ending in the surrender of Little Wolf and his followers hundreds of miles and six months later in Montana. The northern Cheyennes of the Yellowstone region are promised land, food, and protection in treaties signed by the U.S. Government. These agreements, however, are repeatedly and brutally broken by the government.

Hundreds of northern Cheyennes agree, under government coercion, to removal to Oklahoma …

Psychological Distress And Help Seeking In Rural America, Dan R. Hoyt, Rand D. Conger, Jill Gaffney Valde, Karen Weihs

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

The implications of exposure to acute and chronic stressors, and seeking mental health care, for increased psychological distress are examined. Research on eco¬nomic stress, psychological distress, and rural agrarian values each point to in¬creasing variability within rural areas. Using data from a panel study of 1,487 adults, a model predicting changes in depressive symptoms was specified and tested. Results show effects by size of place for men but not for women. Men living in rural villages of under 2,500 or in small towns of 2,500 to 9,999 people had significantly greater increases in depressive symptoms than men living in the …

Prior Beliefs And Voter Turnout In The 1986 And 1988 Congressional Elections, Stephen P. Nicholson, Ross A. Miller

Department of Political Science: Faculty Publications

The costs of political information differ between and among elections. In those elections where information costs are high, voters should rely on information from previous elections. Although research on voter choice has long recognized that voters use past information in their assessments of candidates, studies of voter turnout are solely concerned with information available in the current election. Specifically, the closeness of elections is a central concern in rational actor models of voter turnout. As such, these studies neglect the effects of prior electoral competitiveness on citizens’ decisions to vote. In this study we propose that actors rely on prior …

Factors Leading To The Uprisings At Wounded Knee In 1890 & 1973: The Other Story, Andrew Amiotte

Nebraska Anthropologist

Throughout history, the American Indians have experienced maltreatment by the invasion of outside cultures and by people with power. As the Indians have been forced to move westward by the U.S. government, many treaties have been drawn up as a promise that the tribes would never again be invaded. These broken promises influenced the placing of the indigenous people onto reservations. Also, the Indians were forced to abandon their native way of life.

This paper discusses why forcing the Lakota Sioux to live on reservations and to adopt an Anglo culture led to great misery. This new way of life …

Domestication Of Dogs And Their Use On The Great Plains, Ruth Callahan

Nebraska Anthropologist

More than 12,000 years ago a bargain was struck between two species that not only benefited both parties, but changed their futures drastically. Whereas wolves and humans had once been independent hunters in competition with each other, now they were partners who shared the kill and helped each other survive in the harsh environment. We will never know which side initiated the pact, but the wolf was the first animal to cast its lot with humans and the evolutionary advantages that came with this choice were tremendous.

Monogamy Vs. Polygyny In Rwanda: Round 1 - The White Fathers Round 2 - The 1994 Genocide, Clea Koff

Nebraska Anthropologist

The symbiotic relationship between European Christian missionaries and European colonizers in East Africa is well-documented (Opoku 1985:513; Uzukwu 1996:29). However, the colonial history of Rwanda reveals a collaboration between French Roman Catholic missionaries and the coexistent Belgian administration that ensured a profound transformation, not only of indigenous religious practice, but of the marriage pattern - from polygyny to monogamy. The Catholic missionaries in Rwanda, an order called the White Fathers, imported a model of ideal marriage that was an amalgam of Christian theology and their own Western European culture. The model was not immediately embraced by Rwandans and after twenty …

On Two Eras Of African Archaeology: Colonial And National, Clea Koff

Nebraska Anthropologist

This paper examines the role of archaeology in the political agendas of both colonial and post-colonial African governments. Both forms of government have utilized selective interpretations of the archaeological record to further their political goals. The marriage between archaeologists and colonial administrations is examined in light of the temporal coincidence between the international rise of professional archaeology in the 18908 and the zenith of colonial occupation in sub-Saharan Africa. The concurrent nature of these two phenomena resulted in employment within colonial administrations for the majority of professional archaeologists. The archaeology of the post-independenoe era reflects a shift in paradigm, as …

Looted Archaeological Sites: Are They Worthy Of Scientific Investigation?, Michelle J. Lundeen

Nebraska Anthropologist

Since the late 1800s, looting of prehistoric and historic Bles has been recognized as a serious threat to archaeological resources throughout the world (Knoll 1991}. Looting destroys both recorded and unrecorded sites in the United states (Ahlstrom 1992, Honeycutt et al. 1985, stuart 1989). With such a great amount of looting taking place, this research paper asks a basic question: Why do archaeologists not investigate looted archaeological sites as they do nonlooted sites and features? This question will be answered by reviewing the literature about looting including the archaeological reaction to looting. Two looted features, potted privies, will be discussed …

Nebraska Anthropologist Volume 14: 1997-1999 Table Of Contents

Nebraska Anthropologist

ARTICLES

01 Domestication of Dogs and Their Use on the Great Plains (Ruth Callahan)

12 Human Responses to Bison Nutritional Variability: An Illustration from the Central Plains (Chris Widga)

34 Winter Counts as Possible Precursors to Writing (Petra Eccarius)

39 Looted Archaeological Sites: Are They Worthy of Scientific Investigation?
(Michelle J. Lundeen)

47 On Two Eras of African Archaeology: Colonial and National (Clea Koff)

58 Factors Leading to the Uprisings at Wounded Knee in 1890 and 1973: The Other Story (Andrew Amiotte)

68 Starbucks vs. Equal Exchange: Assessing the Human Costs of Economic
Globalization (Lindsey M. Smith)

84 Monogamy vs. …

Starbucks Vs. Equal Exchange: Assessing The Human Costs Of Economic Globalization, Lindsey M. Smith

Nebraska Anthropologist

This paper discusses the impact of economic globalization on human populations and their natural environment. Trends leading to globalization, such as multilateral and bilateral trade agreements which reduce trading barriers between countries, are discussed. According to the economic principle of comparative advantage, all countries which specialize in what they can produce most efficiently should benefit equally from fair trade. Developing countries must increasingly rely on cheap labor and low environmental standards to compete for foreign investment and capital in the global economy. Observers argue that the market is not free enough to conect the long-term damage associated with export policies …

Native Americans And Diabetes, Kristina K. Lee

Nebraska Anthropologist

Type II diabetes has reached epidemic proportions among Native Americans. It Is estimated that 12.2 percent of all Native Americans in the U.S. have Type II diabetes. This compares with 5.2 percent of the general U.S. population (Diabetes Statistics 1997). The highest rate of diabetes in the world is in the Pima Nation. Half of all Pima Indians age 35 and older have diabetes (West 1974). Diabetes causes severe health complications and is a major cause of
death for Native Americans.

Tibetan Fraternal Polyandry: A Review Of Its Advantages And Breakdown, Jeff Willett

Nebraska Anthropologist

The fraternal polyandry marriage relationship of Tibet is widely considered
to be a means of preventing the division of a family's resources among its male heirs. As a family resource preservation strategy, Tibetan polyandry accomplishes the same goal of the European stem family system, but in a very different way. Researchers have suggested that polyandry developed in Tibet, because it provides a household with enough male laborers to fully exploit the marginal agricultural lands in the Himalayas, that it serves as a means of population control, or that it serves as a way of reducing tax obligations to feudal Tibetan …

Human Responses To Bison Nutritional Variability: An Illustration From The Central Plains, Chris Widga

Nebraska Anthropologist

The relation of prehistoric human groups to bison populations in the Central Plains has long been the subject of both speculation and debate. Recent research has shown that bison are relatively sensitive to changing environmental conditions (Bamforth, 1988; Bozell, 1995; Speth and Pany, 1978; Emerson, 1990). This sensitivity is visible in physiological and behavioral adaptations used by bison to deal with change. Ukewise, evidence for these adaptations is present in faunal assemblages from Central Plains archaeological sites. In order to determine the nature of these adaptive charaderistics, a model must be developed which goes beyond traditional presence/absence tabulations of faunal …

Human Mate Selection Based On Developmental Stability As Signaled Through Physical Attractiveness: An Assessment Of The Traits Used To Determine Attractiveness And The Evolutionary Mechanisms For Their Development, Erin H. Kimmerle

Nebraska Anthropologist

What are the criteria used to select a mate? Study of this question on non-human subjects has shown many organisms choose mates based on assessments of health, youthfulness, and fertility, as signaled through certain physical characteristics. Investigations into the mating behaviors of humans, cross-cultural studies of attractiveness, and current medical research link features of attractiveness with health and support the evolutionary perspective that beauty is more than an arbitrary cultural creation. The characteristics which males and females find attractive in the opposite sex are largely the results of the evolution of sexual selection and serve to inform potential mates of …

Judith Sharn Young, Sue Ann Gardner

UNL Libraries: Faculty Publications

From Notable Women in the Physical Sciences: A Biographical Dictionary:

Astronomer Judith Sharn Young has been prolific throughout her 15-year professional career, publishing over 100 papers and giving nearly as many talks and seminars. Her interests lie in galaxy formation and evolution, star formation, and interstellar matter (the matter that lies between the stars in galaxies). She has received several professional awards and honors, including, in 1986, the Maria Goeppert-Mayer Award of the American Physical Society. Young was the first recipient of this award, which is given to a woman in the early stages of her career who has …