Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
University of Massachusetts Amherst
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Articles 1 - 30 of 39
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Case Study: Reporting Incidence Of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars), M.J. Peterson, Paul A. White
Case Study: Reporting Incidence Of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars), M.J. Peterson, Paul A. White
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
The SARS case is an in-depth study of the 2002-2003 global outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). It focuses specifically on how information about the disease was shared among countries.
Case Study: Narmada Dams Controversy, M.J. Peterson, Osman Kiratli, Ilke Ercan
Case Study: Narmada Dams Controversy, M.J. Peterson, Osman Kiratli, Ilke Ercan
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This case study looks at one of the more famous instances of transnational involvement in stakeholder struggles over large dams: the long-running contention over dam construction on the Narmada Rover in India. Though proposals to build large dams on the Narmada inspired political controversy from the day the first proposals were made in 1947-48, only in the mid-1980s did the controversy take on the transnational aspects for which it is now famous as critics took up the cause of those who would be displaced as the reservoirs created by the dams filled up and raised environmental concerns about the project.
An Introduction To Principles Of Ethics And Morality For Scientists And Engineers, Tom Murray
An Introduction To Principles Of Ethics And Morality For Scientists And Engineers, Tom Murray
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Preface: This document is part of an NSF-funded project at the University of Massachusetts Amherst that is developing on-line case-based ethics curriculum for science and engineering disciplines. The on-line materials include a set of cases based on real events with international ethical dimensions , including the incidents leading up to the Bhopal chemical plant disaster, the reporting incidence of the SARS epidemic, and international regulation of genetically modified foods. Each case module has a description and supplementary resources including reference material; a set of interviews with fictitious stakeholders; and an on-line discussion forum structured to promote particular types of discussion, …
Case Study: The Eu-Us Dispute Over Regulation Of Genetically Modified Organisms, Plants, Feeds, And Foods, M.J. Peterson, Paul A. White
Case Study: The Eu-Us Dispute Over Regulation Of Genetically Modified Organisms, Plants, Feeds, And Foods, M.J. Peterson, Paul A. White
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
The EU-US Dispute over Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms, Plants, Feeds, and Foods case is a study of the divergence of regulatory standards for genetically modified plants, feeds, and food in the US and in European countries. It focuses on the European Union’s moratorium of approval of new genetically modified organisms and the World Trade Organization’s consequent ruling.
Interactive Case Study: The Dhopal Disaster, Tom Murray, M.J. Peterson, John Ake
Interactive Case Study: The Dhopal Disaster, Tom Murray, M.J. Peterson, John Ake
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This case is a fictionalized version of the Bhopal India chemical plant accident of 1984, which raised questions about plant safety and corporate responsibility around the world. In the actual case—one of the highest-casualty industrial accidents of the 20th century—a nighttime leak of some 40 tons of methyl isocyanate gas, mixed with unkown other gases, occurred at a chemical plant owned and operated by a partly-owned subsidiary of the U.S.-based Union Carbide Corporation. At least 2000 people died and 300,000 suffered respiratory and other injuries of varying severity. The plant had been operating at a loss for some time, the …
Interactive Case Study: Recruitment Of Egg Donors By South Korean Stem Cell Researchers, Tom Murray, Mj Peterson
Interactive Case Study: Recruitment Of Egg Donors By South Korean Stem Cell Researchers, Tom Murray, Mj Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This case is a somewhat fictionalized exploration of the controversy surrounding a South Korean research scientist's recruitment of egg donors for his team's stem cell research from 2002 through 2005. The research team, after gaining fame for scientific advances in the field, later came under international scrutiny for alleged violation of ethics standards by paying and/or coercing volunteer egg donors.
Case Study: Access To Hiv Treatments In Developing Countries, M.J. Peterson
Case Study: Access To Hiv Treatments In Developing Countries, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This case explores the challenges faced by developing countries, where HIV is widely prevalent, in providing their citizens access to HIV medications. Supplying consistent treatments of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) medications continue to be an obstacle due to its high costs in relation to individual income and government health budgets, and the strict patent laws governing them when attempting to domestically produce generics at a much lower price. Other barriers such as lack of medical facilities, outlay of tests and availability of clinics, coupled with the social stigma of HIV and AIDS, prevent persons infected to seek treatment.
Case Study: Transboundary Trade In Hazardous Substances And Wastes, M.J. Peterson
Case Study: Transboundary Trade In Hazardous Substances And Wastes, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This case study provides an overview of environmental and health issues regarding the transboundary trade of hazardous substances such as various chemical waste, including pesticides, which can affect human condition and the environment, especially in developing countries. Primary discussions have risen to address these concerns, and to design regulations for the proper use and legal trade of these substances. The study also provides an in-depth analysis on the various approaches in a national and international level, to control the impact of these regulations worldwide.
Case Study: Asilomar Conference On Laboratory Precautions When Conducting Recombinant Dna Research, M.J. Peterson
Case Study: Asilomar Conference On Laboratory Precautions When Conducting Recombinant Dna Research, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This case is an in-depth summary on an extensively controversial conference held at the Asilomar Conference Center in Pacific Grove California, in 1973, where approximately 100 leading scientists in the field convened to formulate safety measures to direct the development of recombinant DNA technology in the United States. It resulted in subsequent discussions, including the conception of a proposed regulated guidelines and risk categories for rDNA experiments. These procedures were adopted and widely used by the US Government today. Appendices include: A.) Chronology; B.) Views on the Asilomar Process; C.) Members of Groups Central to the Scientists’ Debates about rDNA …
Case Study: Recruitment Of Egg Donors By South Korean Stem Cell Researchers, Mj Peterson, Osman Kiratli, Ilke Ercan
Case Study: Recruitment Of Egg Donors By South Korean Stem Cell Researchers, Mj Peterson, Osman Kiratli, Ilke Ercan
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This case study examines the controversy surrounding Dr. Hwang Woo-suk's recruitment of egg donors for his team's stem cell research from 2002 through 2005. It explores the international dimensions of ethical standards, the political decentralization of global regulation, and the internationalization of science.
Module 2.4: Social Inclusion & Equity, M.J. Peterson
Module 2.4: Social Inclusion & Equity, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Transnational scientific and engineering activity has effects on social equity. This module will examine international-level mechanisms for raising social equity concerns including global multilateral organizations, regional multilateral organizations, transnational policy advocacy, transnational social mobilizations, and elite interchange.
Module 2.3b: Stakeholder Inclusion, M.J. Peterson
Module 2.3b: Stakeholder Inclusion, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
The social context of science and engineering includes many actors. This module will define and identify stakeholders in various contexts and explain a model of social mobilization.
Module 2.1: Variation In International Regulatory Processes, M.J. Peterson
Module 2.1: Variation In International Regulatory Processes, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
The essence of international ethics is that variation exists among regulatory processes. This module will examine variation in multilateral intergovernmental organizations such as United Nations Conferences, United Nations specialized agencies, regional conferences or commissions, and other international bodies including private industry standards-setting bodies.
Module 2.2: Responsible Participation By Scientists And Engineers In International Political Processes, M.J. Peterson
Module 2.2: Responsible Participation By Scientists And Engineers In International Political Processes, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Scientists and engineers participate in international regulatory processes in a variety of ways. This module seeks to better define participation, particularly responsible participation, by delineating several categories of participation: epistemic communities, professional associations, scientists as citizen-advocates, scientists as employees of private organizations, and scientists as government officials. It will also examine the various channels of influence open to each type of participation.
Diagrams: Networks And Organizations, M.J. Peterson
Diagrams: Networks And Organizations, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Diagrams representing typical bureaucratic organizations, networks, and communication hubs.
International Forums For Addressing Social Inclusion And Social Equity Issues, M.J. Peterson
International Forums For Addressing Social Inclusion And Social Equity Issues, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Global intergovernmental organizations such as the United Nations (UN), World Bank, and the World Trade Organization (WTO), have been some of the primary forums for discussion of social inclusion at the global level since 1945. There are regional intergovernmental organizations however, such as the European Union (EU), African Union (AU), and other elite forums that also address social issues depending on what the governments of member states wish to discuss.
Cultural Competence In A Transnational Workplace, M.J. Peterson
Cultural Competence In A Transnational Workplace, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Many considerations, sensitivities, and cross-cultural awareness contribute to creating a successful transnational workplace. Developing the ability to negotiate with individuals of other cultures requires an understanding of which methods are acceptable or unacceptable to a particular culture.
Efforts To Control Information Flows, M.J. Peterson, Ilke Ercan
Efforts To Control Information Flows, M.J. Peterson, Ilke Ercan
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Since the mid-20th century, the importance of intellectual property rights have become a major avenue for governments, corporations, and other groups to control and limit the diffusion of scientific and technical information. Some of these limits are efforts to regulate who has what information through general censorship.
Hints On Cross Cultural Skills, M.J. Peterson
Hints On Cross Cultural Skills, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This document outlines suggestions on dealing with cultural differences among collaborators drawn from business literature. Different authors present different schemes, but there is broad consensus on three elements of effective cross-cultural interaction.
The Concepts Of Social Inclusion And Social Equity, M.J. Peterson
The Concepts Of Social Inclusion And Social Equity, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
The rapid growth in transnational professional activity has encouraged Intergovernmental Organizations (IGO), and other international professional associations to develop cross-national regulations and standards to promote worldwide policy coordination and standardization.
Responsible Participation By Scientists And Engineers In International Political Process, M.J. Peterson
Responsible Participation By Scientists And Engineers In International Political Process, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Conditions of globalization and increasing prominence of scientific and technical matters in everyday life has created a need for scientists and engineers to participate in national and international debates about solving problems, applying technologies to particular purposes, and avoiding or minimizing serious harm. Policy-makers and others concerned with particular issues seek various types of expert advice depending on how well the issue is understood, and how urgent addressing it appears to be.
Stakeholders, M.J. Peterson, Ilke Ercan
Stakeholders, M.J. Peterson, Ilke Ercan
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Two distinct concepts of "stakeholder" have developed in recent decades. The first existing in politics to describe anyone affected by a decision occurring within the domains of a ruling government, and the second being used in business management manuals, where it applies to the relationship between a business firm and an individual or group, interested in the firm's success.
Case Study: Bhopal Plant Disaster, M.J. Peterson
Case Study: Bhopal Plant Disaster, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
The Bhopal case is an in-depth study of the industrial accident at the Union Carbide factory in India that immediately killed 2,000 people, injured another 200,000 to 300,000 more, and immediately raised questions about plant safety and corporate responsibility around the world. Includes seven detailed appendices: A.) Chronology, B.) Stakeholders and Level of Responsibility, C.) Economic/industrial climate of India, D.) Union Carbide Corporation, E.) Issues in Chemical Processing, F.) Assessing Responsibility: The Legal/Regulatory System, G.) Assessing Responsibility: The Engineers and Scientists, and H.) Technical Expertise and Managerial Responsibility.
Module 1.3.B: Transnational Conduct, Mj Peterson
Module 1.3.B: Transnational Conduct, Mj Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Effective participation in cross-border scientific cooperation requires sensitivity to the implications of differences in national ethics and standards. It will investigate the problems associated with political censorship and corporate efforts to control access to basic science information.
Transnational Differences In Ethical And Regulatory Standards, M.J. Peterson
Transnational Differences In Ethical And Regulatory Standards, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
This manuscript identifies key ways in which regulatory responses can differ across national boundaries. Some of these differences stem from variations in the perceived acceptability of an activity in different cultures. Others stem from different approaches to the common problem of identifying and regulating hazardous activity. Yet, others stem from differences in reaction to scientific or technological breakthroughs.
Diagrams Of Transnational Diffusion, M.J. Peterson
Diagrams Of Transnational Diffusion, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Diagrams showing transnational diffusion of ethical standards and physical effects.
Module 1.3.A: Transnational Diffusion Of Ideas And Practices, M.J. Peterson
Module 1.3.A: Transnational Diffusion Of Ideas And Practices, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Understanding the processes by which ideas and debates diffuse across countries is an important precursor to understanding several concepts and issues in international ethics. Includes Chart for Discussion of National Differences in Technology Use; Appropriate Technology Reading and Exercise; and Transnational Diffusion of Ideas and Technologies.
Module 2.3.A: Ethical Conflicts Between Nations, M.J. Peterson
Module 2.3.A: Ethical Conflicts Between Nations, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Developing effective international level regulatory responses is particularly difficult when national ethical preferences collide. This module seeks to develop sensitivity to these difficulties.
Appropriate Technology, M.J. Peterson
Appropriate Technology, M.J. Peterson
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
Appropriate Technology described as "low impact technology" is based on highly advanced scientific and engineering research. The strong attraction to industrial and developing countries is due to its low cost, small scale, and low environmental impact.
Ethical Evaluation Of New Technologies: Genetically Modified Organisms And Plants, M.J. Peterson, Ronald Sandler
Ethical Evaluation Of New Technologies: Genetically Modified Organisms And Plants, M.J. Peterson, Ronald Sandler
International Dimensions of Ethics Education in Science and Engineering
As developments in biotechnology continue, new ethical questions arise concerning our ability to manipulate and intervene with what is conceived as "natural". Genetic modification (GM) is one clear example of this revolutionary development in biotechnology which inspires debate on its impact to human welfare.