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Articles 691 - 704 of 704
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Effects Of Sex And Sexual Orientation On Attractiveness Judgments: An Evolutionary Interpretation, William R. Jankowiak, Elizabeth M. Hill, James M. Donovan
The Effects Of Sex And Sexual Orientation On Attractiveness Judgments: An Evolutionary Interpretation, William R. Jankowiak, Elizabeth M. Hill, James M. Donovan
James M. Donovan
If attractiveness judgments reflect biologically important reproductive criteria, men should base judgments of potential partners on objective physical criteria more than do women; homosexuals and heterosexuals of the same sex should perceive attractiveness in the same terms, regardless of the sex-object choice. To test this theory, photographs of men and women (20 each) were presented to members of four subject groups, solicited on an opportunistic basis. Subjects were asked to rank the sets of photographs separately on the dimensions of physical attractiveness and general social attractiveness. We found some sex differences across sexual orientation. There was less variation among men …
The Effects Of Sex And Sexual Orientation On Attractiveness Judgments: An Evolutionary Interpretation, William R. Jankowiak, Elizabeth M. Hill, James M. Donovan
The Effects Of Sex And Sexual Orientation On Attractiveness Judgments: An Evolutionary Interpretation, William R. Jankowiak, Elizabeth M. Hill, James M. Donovan
Law Faculty Scholarly Articles
If attractiveness judgments reflect biologically important reproductive criteria, men should base judgments of potential partners on objective physical criteria more than do women; homosexuals and heterosexuals of the same sex should perceive attractiveness in the same terms, regardless of the sex-object choice. To test this theory, photographs of men and women (20 each) were presented to members of four subject groups, solicited on an opportunistic basis. Subjects were asked to rank the sets of photographs separately on the dimensions of physical attractiveness and general social attractiveness. We found some sex differences across sexual orientation. There was less variation among men …
Charisma, Empathy, And The Experience Of Telepathy, James M. Donovan
Charisma, Empathy, And The Experience Of Telepathy, James M. Donovan
James M. Donovan
A critique is offered of the preference of parapsychology for physical explanatory models for telepathy. Discussion shows this trend emerging from the combined effects of historical accident. An alternative explanatory model is offered which draws upon the rich but underutilized psychological foundations of parapsychology. Emphasizing telepathy's original definition as a communication event, two other phenomena are held to fall into the same class of events: charisma and empathy. Concepts traditionally used to understand charisma and empathy are shown to be equally suited for modeling telepathy. Experimental, theoretical, and especially philosophical implications of this "possible world" model are addressed throughout.
Charisma, Empathy, And The Experience Of Telepathy, James M. Donovan
Charisma, Empathy, And The Experience Of Telepathy, James M. Donovan
Law Faculty Scholarly Articles
A critique is offered of the preference of parapsychology for physical explanatory models for telepathy. Discussion shows this trend emerging from the combined effects of historical accident. An alternative explanatory model is offered which draws upon the rich but underutilized psychological foundations of parapsychology. Emphasizing telepathy's original definition as a communication event, two other phenomena are held to fall into the same class of events: charisma and empathy. Concepts traditionally used to understand charisma and empathy are shown to be equally suited for modeling telepathy. Experimental, theoretical, and especially philosophical implications of this "possible world" model are addressed throughout.
Gender, Sexual Orientation, And Truth-Of-Consensus In Studies Of Physical Attractiveness, James M. Donovan, Elizabeth Hill, William R. Jankowiak
Gender, Sexual Orientation, And Truth-Of-Consensus In Studies Of Physical Attractiveness, James M. Donovan, Elizabeth Hill, William R. Jankowiak
James M. Donovan
Truth-of-consensus methodology presently holds that sex differences in perceptions of physical attractiveness are negligible and may be routinely ignored during prescaling. No determination has been made in the literature of the effects of sexual orientation on this perceptual process. The data presented herein suggest that while sex and sexual orientation of judge are largely irrelevant to prescaling of female stimuli, these variables are important when judging male stimuli. In particular, male homosexuals and male heterosexuals differ significantly in ranking male facial photographs. Thus, experimenters wishing to treat attractiveness levels as known quantities should control for this difference, especially when using …
Gender, Sexual Orientation, And Truth-Of-Consensus In Studies Of Physical Attractiveness, James M. Donovan, Elizabeth Hill, William R. Jankowiak
Gender, Sexual Orientation, And Truth-Of-Consensus In Studies Of Physical Attractiveness, James M. Donovan, Elizabeth Hill, William R. Jankowiak
Law Faculty Scholarly Articles
Truth-of-consensus methodology presently holds that sex differences in perceptions of physical attractiveness are negligible and may be routinely ignored during prescaling. No determination has been made in the literature of the effects of sexual orientation on this perceptual process. The data presented herein suggest that while sex and sexual orientation of judge are largely irrelevant to prescaling of female stimuli, these variables are important when judging male stimuli. In particular, male homosexuals and male heterosexuals differ significantly in ranking male facial photographs. Thus, experimenters wishing to treat attractiveness levels as known quantities should control for this difference, especially when using …
A Charisma Model Of Telepathic Communication, James M. Donovan
A Charisma Model Of Telepathic Communication, James M. Donovan
James M. Donovan
This paper opened by making some general criticisms of the state of parapsychological research: that it suffered from a lack of external validity and from uncritical acceptance of a flawed paradigm. The charisma model was offered as an attempt to rectify these problems. It allows for laboratory experiments to be designed which closely approximate genuine human interactions by shifting the paradigm for telepathy from that of energy transfers to one of communication events.
A Controlled Evaluation Of Devotional Meditation And Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Charles R. Carlson, Panayiota E. Bacaseta, Dexter A. Simanton
A Controlled Evaluation Of Devotional Meditation And Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Charles R. Carlson, Panayiota E. Bacaseta, Dexter A. Simanton
CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles
The present study was conducted to determine the effects of devotional meditation (DM), defined as a period of prayer and quiet reading and pondering of biblical material, on physiological and psychological variables related to stress. It was hypothesized that religious persons engaging in DM experience physiological and psychological changes similar to those reported for persons using progressive relaxation (PR) exercises. Thirty-six participants, equally divided by sex into 3 groups: DM, PR, and a Wait List Control, underwent extensive psychophysiological assessment prior to and following a systematic introductio to either DM or PR. The hypothesis that DM could generate positive physiological …
A Charisma Model Of Telepathic Communication, James M. Donovan
A Charisma Model Of Telepathic Communication, James M. Donovan
Law Faculty Scholarly Articles
This paper opened by making some general criticisms of the state of parapsychological research: that it suffered from a lack of external validity and from uncritical acceptance of a flawed paradigm. The charisma model was offered as an attempt to rectify these problems. It allows for laboratory experiments to be designed which closely approximate genuine human interactions by shifting the paradigm for telepathy from that of energy transfers to one of communication events.
Dietary Characteristics Of Hyperactive And Control Boys, Mark L. Wolraich, Phyllis J. Stumbo, Richard Milich, Catherine Chenard, Frederick Schultz
Dietary Characteristics Of Hyperactive And Control Boys, Mark L. Wolraich, Phyllis J. Stumbo, Richard Milich, Catherine Chenard, Frederick Schultz
Psychology Faculty Publications
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dietary habits and behavioral problems in hyperactive boys and to determine how successful parents are in maintaining their children on sugar-free diets. The mothers of 32 hyperactive boys aged 7 to 12 years and 26 matched controls completed 3-day diet records and food frequency interviews. The hyperactive boys were also evaluated in a playroom for impulsivity, compliance, attention, motor activity, memory, and learning. No differences were found in any of the measures of dietary content between the hyperactive and control groups. The only significant differences between those two groups …
Issues In The Diagnosis Of Attention Deficit Disorder: A Cautionary Note On The Gordon Diagnostic System, Richard Milich, William E. Pelham, Stephen P. Hinshaw
Issues In The Diagnosis Of Attention Deficit Disorder: A Cautionary Note On The Gordon Diagnostic System, Richard Milich, William E. Pelham, Stephen P. Hinshaw
Psychology Faculty Publications
In a recent paper Gordon (1986) has compared the strengths and weaknesses of traditional microcomputer-based assessment of attention deficit disorder (ADD) with those offered by the Gordon Diagnostic System (GDS; Gordon & McClure 1983; 1984). Not surprisingly, although careful not to overstate the case, he finds GDS to be an improvement over the use of standard microcomputers. Nevertheless, several of his criticisms of microcomputers seem forced, and he tends to downplay some of the more serious concerns associated with the GDS. Given that the GDS is receiving widespread attention, with nationwide marketing procedures underway, it seems fitting to examine its …
Violence In College Students' Dating Relationships, Carol K. Sigelman, Carol E. Jordan-Berry, Katharine A. Wiles
Violence In College Students' Dating Relationships, Carol K. Sigelman, Carol E. Jordan-Berry, Katharine A. Wiles
Office for Policy Studies on Violence Against Women Publications
In a survey of 504 college students examining predictors of violence in heterosexual relationships, over half of both men and women had committed at least one physically violent act. Modest associations between physical violence and sexual aggression were uncovered. In a series of discriminant analyses, men who abused their partners were not readily distinguished from men who did not, but tended to by young, low in family income, traditional in attitudes toward women, abused as children, currently living with a women, and from Appalachian areas.
Psychological Factors That Predict Reaction To Abortion, D. T. Moseley, Diane R. Follingstad, H. Harley, Robert V. Heckel
Psychological Factors That Predict Reaction To Abortion, D. T. Moseley, Diane R. Follingstad, H. Harley, Robert V. Heckel
CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles
Investigated demographic and psychological factors related to positive or negative reactions to legal abortions performed during the first trimester of pregnancy in 62 females in an urban southern community. Results suggest that the social context and the degree of support from a series of significant persons rather than demographic variables were most predictive of a positive reaction.
Prediction Of Self-Actualization In Male Participants In A Group Conducted By Female Leaders, Diane R. Follingstad, Peter R. Kilmann, Elizabeth A. Robinson
Prediction Of Self-Actualization In Male Participants In A Group Conducted By Female Leaders, Diane R. Follingstad, Peter R. Kilmann, Elizabeth A. Robinson
CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles
No abstract provided.