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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Impact Of Category Separation On Unsupervised Categorization, Shawn W. Ell, Gregoryh F. Ashby
The Impact Of Category Separation On Unsupervised Categorization, Shawn W. Ell, Gregoryh F. Ashby
Psychology Faculty Scholarship
Most previous research on unsupervised categorization has used unconstrained tasks in which no instructions are provided about the underlying category structure or the stimuli are not clustered into categories. Few studies have investigated constrained tasks in which the goal is to learn pre-defined stimulus clusters in the absence of feedback. These studies have generally reported good performance when the stimulus clusters could be separated by a one-dimensional rule. The present study investigated the limits of this ability. Results suggest that even when two stimulus clusters are as widely separated as in previous studies, performance is poor if within-category variance on …
Peer Acceptance And Friendship As Predictors Of Early Adolescents' Adjustment Across The Middle School Transition, Julie Newman Kingery, Cynthia A. Erdley, Katherine C. Marshall
Peer Acceptance And Friendship As Predictors Of Early Adolescents' Adjustment Across The Middle School Transition, Julie Newman Kingery, Cynthia A. Erdley, Katherine C. Marshall
Psychology Faculty Scholarship
This study examines several aspects of adolescents' pretransition peer relationships as predictors of their adjustment to middle school. Participants were 365 students (175 boys; 99% Caucasian) involved in the Time 1 (the spring of fifth grade) and Time 2 (the fall of sixth grade) assessments. Adolescents completed measures that assessed peer acceptance, number of friends, the quality of a specific mutual friendship, loneliness, depression, self-esteem, and involvement in school. Academic achievement and absentee data were obtained from student files. Regression analyses indicated that the pretransition peer variables predicted posttransition loneliness, self-esteem, school involvement, and academic achievement. The patterns of prediction …
Comfort Levels When Presented With Interpersonal Stressors As A Function Of Sibling Status, Emma R. Atherton
Comfort Levels When Presented With Interpersonal Stressors As A Function Of Sibling Status, Emma R. Atherton
Honors College
This study was designed to examine how people with siblings and people without siblings (only children) handle situations of interpersonal tension and confrontation. In order to examine this additional data about sibling status was collected via a follow-up survey from participants in a previous study. In the previous study, University of Maine female students were told that they were going to be assessed on a two-minute speech about their future plans and goals by a male participant in another room. Throughout this experiment physiological and self-report measures were taken. The 137 participants in this study were contacted via telephone and …
Do Relationships With Helpful And Not-Helpful Teachers Make A Difference? Perspectives From Nine At-Risk Adolescents, Emanuel Pariser
Do Relationships With Helpful And Not-Helpful Teachers Make A Difference? Perspectives From Nine At-Risk Adolescents, Emanuel Pariser
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Every year in the United States close to 25% of students fail to graduate with the classmates with whom they began high school. The economic, social and personal impact of not completing high school is staggering on the individual and society. The literature fails to adequately document relational factors in the classroom that can alter the academic trajectory of at-risk students. This dissertation explores how nine at-risk adolescents view the impact of relationships with helpful and not-helpful teachers on their academic success. My three research questions were: (a) what qualities do at-risk students attribute to helpful and not-helpful teachers; (b) …