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Articles 3121 - 3150 of 4382

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Medical Technology And The Production Of Health Care, Badi H. Baltagi, Francesco Moscone, Elisa Tosetti Mar 2011

Medical Technology And The Production Of Health Care, Badi H. Baltagi, Francesco Moscone, Elisa Tosetti

Center for Policy Research

This paper investigates the factors that determine differences across OECD countries in health outcomes, using data on life expectancy at age 65, over the period 1960 to 2007. We estimate a production function where life expectancy depends on health and social spending, lifestyle variables, and medical innovation. Our first set of regressions includes a set of observed medical technologies by country. Our second set of regressions proxy technology using a spatial process. The paper also tests whether in the long-run countries tend to achieve similar levels of health outcomes. Our results show that health spending has a significant and mild …

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Do The Gses Expand The Supply Of Mortgage Credit? New Evidence Of Crowd Out In The Secondary Mortgage Market, Stuart A. Gabriel, Stuart S. Rosenthal Feb 2011

Do The Gses Expand The Supply Of Mortgage Credit? New Evidence Of Crowd Out In The Secondary Mortgage Market, Stuart A. Gabriel, Stuart S. Rosenthal

Economics - All Scholarship

The dramatic government takeover of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in September, 2008 was motivated in part by a desire to ensure a continued flow of credit to the mortgage market. This study examines a closely related issue: the extent to which GSE activity crowds out mortgage purchases by private secondary market intermediaries. Evidence of substantial crowd out suggests that government support for the GSEs may be less warranted, whereas the absence of crowd out implies that GSE loan purchases enhance liquidity.

Using 1994-2008 HMDA data for conventional, conforming sized loans, three distinct periods with regard to GSE crowd out …

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February 2011 Vol. 2 No. 1, Near Westside Initiative Feb 2011

February 2011 Vol. 2 No. 1, Near Westside Initiative

Near Westside Initiative News/Noticias

No abstract provided.

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Testing For Breaks In Cointegrated Panels With Common And Idiosyncratic Stochastic Trends, Chihwa Kao, Lorenzo Trapani, Giovanni Urga Feb 2011

Testing For Breaks In Cointegrated Panels With Common And Idiosyncratic Stochastic Trends, Chihwa Kao, Lorenzo Trapani, Giovanni Urga

Center for Policy Research

In this paper, we develop tests for structural change in cointegrated panel regressions with common and idiosyncratic trends. We consider both the cases of observable and nonobservable common trends, deriving a Functional Central Limit Theorem for the partial sample estimators under the null of no break. We show that tests based on sup-Wald statistics are powerful versus breaks of size , also proving that power is present when the time of change differs across units and when only some units have a break. Our framework is extended to the case of cross correlated regressors and endogeneity. Monte Carlo evidence shows …

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Financial Constraints On Corporate Goodness, Jeffrey D. Kubik, Jose A. Scheinkman, Harrison Hong Jan 2011

Financial Constraints On Corporate Goodness, Jeffrey D. Kubik, Jose A. Scheinkman, Harrison Hong

Economics - All Scholarship

We model the firm's optimal choice of capital and goodness subject to financial constraints. Managers and shareholders derive benefits over profits and social responsibility. Goodness is costly and its marginal benefit is finite; as a result, less-constrained firms spend more on goodness. We verify that less-constrained firms do indeed have higher social responsibility scores. Our empirical analysis addresses identification issues that have long plagued the corporate social responsibility literature, establishing the causality of this relationship using a natural experiment. During the technology bubble, previously constrained firms experienced a temporary relaxation of their constraints and their goodness scores also temporarily increased …

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Table Of Contents (V. 23, 2011) Jan 2011

Table Of Contents (V. 23, 2011)

BEADS: Journal of the Society of Bead Researchers

No abstract provided.

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The Value Of A Statistical Life: Evidence From Panel Data, Thomas J. Kniesner, W. Kip Viscusi, Christopher Woock, James P. Ziliak Jan 2011

The Value Of A Statistical Life: Evidence From Panel Data, Thomas J. Kniesner, W. Kip Viscusi, Christopher Woock, James P. Ziliak

Economics - All Scholarship

This article addresses fundamental long-standing concerns in the compensating wage differentials literature and its public policy implications: the econometric properties of estimates of the value of statistical life (VSL) and the wide range of such estimates. Here we address most of the prominent econometric issues using panel data, a new and more accurate fatality risk measure, and systematic application of panel data estimators. Controlling for measurement error, endogeneity, latent individual heterogeneity that may be correlated with the regressors, state dependence, and sample composition yields estimates of the value of a statistical life in the range of about $6 million to …

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Instrumental Variable Estimation Of A Spatial Autoregressive Panel Model With Random Effects, Badi Baltagi, Long Liu Jan 2011

Instrumental Variable Estimation Of A Spatial Autoregressive Panel Model With Random Effects, Badi Baltagi, Long Liu

Economics - All Scholarship

This paper extends the instrumental variable estimators of Kelejian and Prucha (1998) and Lee (2003) proposed for the cross-sectional spatial autoregressive model to the random effects spatial autoregressive panel data model. It also suggests an extension of the Baltagi (1981) error component 2SLS estimator to this spatial panel model.

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Adam Smith's Essentials: On Trust, Faith, And Free Markets, Jerry M. Evensky Jan 2011

Adam Smith's Essentials: On Trust, Faith, And Free Markets, Jerry M. Evensky

Economics - All Scholarship

When trust is shaken, individuals pull back and the market system contracts. Where trust grows, individual energy and creativity are unleashed and the system grows. In Adam Smith’s vision of humankind’s progress, trust is the central theme. The Great Recession represents a classic case of a crisis of trust. Looking back to the work of Smith offers insight into the role of citizens and the State in creating an fruitful market environment based on trust, and the challenge of this process, given the human frailty of individuals (unfortunately, we are not angels) and the potential for State power to be …

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Essays On Foreign Direct Investment, Agglomeration And Productivity, Fariha Kamal Jan 2011

Essays On Foreign Direct Investment, Agglomeration And Productivity, Fariha Kamal

Economics - Dissertations

This dissertation investigates the role of foreign direct investment and agglomeration economies in the process of industrial development, with a focus on the productivity of manufacturing firms. The first chapter analyzes the importance of the source of foreign direct investment on the performance of domestic Chinese firms. The second chapter studies the interaction between foreign and domestic manufacturing firms operating in the same industry and located within the same Chinese city. The third chapter examines the response of multinational companies to changes in domestic institutions. My findings highlight the importance of the source of foreign direct investment, proximity to economic …

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Beyond The Nation Brand:The Role Of Image And Identity In International Relations, Simon Anholt Jan 2011

Beyond The Nation Brand:The Role Of Image And Identity In International Relations, Simon Anholt

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

Although the term "nation branding" is frequently associated with the act of creating favorable images of countries through marketing communications, little evidence suggests this is possible. This paper discusses how the "nation brand" can really be enhanced through strategy, substance, and symbolic actions. Country examples such as South Korea are used to discuss issues in branding, including reputation management, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and sovereignty.

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Public Diplomacy Following 9/11: The Saudi Peace Initiative And “Allies” Media Campaign, Candace R. Burnham Jan 2011

Public Diplomacy Following 9/11: The Saudi Peace Initiative And “Allies” Media Campaign, Candace R. Burnham

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

From 2001 to 2004, Saudi Arabia engaged in a variety of Public Diplomacy and Public Relations efforts to improve their image in the United States. This paper examines two such efforts, as well as their effectiveness.

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Book Review: The Practice Of Public Diplomacy – Confronting Challenges Abroad, Michael Schneider Jan 2011

Book Review: The Practice Of Public Diplomacy – Confronting Challenges Abroad, Michael Schneider

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

The Practice of Public Diplomacy – Confronting Challenges Abroad, a compilation of essays by public diplomacy students at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, presents several key themes concerned about the field of public diplomacy. Edited by Amb. William Rugh, the book analyzes public diplomacy initiatives conducted throughout the world.

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From Donorship To Ownership? Evolving Donor-Government Relationships In Rwanda, Haley Swedlund Jan 2011

From Donorship To Ownership? Evolving Donor-Government Relationships In Rwanda, Haley Swedlund

Political Science - Dissertations

Over the course of the last decade there has been an increasing emphasis on recipient-country ownership, or the "effective exercise of a government's authority over development policies and activities, including those that rely...on external resources" (OECD 2007), within the international development community. This new emphasis is not only rhetorical but has resulted in a host of new aid programs promising increased ownership. Broadly speaking, these aid programs are supposed to change the institutional relationships between donors and recipient-country governments and allow aid beneficiaries to have a say over the development policies that impact their daily lives. However, despite their prevalence, …

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Onondaga County Community Indicators 2011 Report, Syracuse University. Maxwell School. Community Benchmarks Program Jan 2011

Onondaga County Community Indicators 2011 Report, Syracuse University. Maxwell School. Community Benchmarks Program

Community Benchmarks Program

Onondaga County strives to be a sustainable community where every decision is determined on the interdependence and integration of economic vitality, social equity, and environmental stewardship. We are a community of many colors, ethnicities, ages, religious affiliations, and economic levels. We take pride in the place where we live, work, play, and raise a family. Our basic creed is Be+ (be positive). The Onondaga County Community Indicators Report is a snapshot of Greater Syracuse, portraying trends of the time and opportunities for the future. Community Indicators 2011 measures where we are advancing as a community and where we are not. …

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Modeling Elementary Aged Students' Fluency Growth In Written Expression: Predicting Fluency Growth For Girls And Boys In General Education, Adrea J. Truckenmiller Jan 2011

Modeling Elementary Aged Students' Fluency Growth In Written Expression: Predicting Fluency Growth For Girls And Boys In General Education, Adrea J. Truckenmiller

Psychology - Dissertations

Research on evidence-based writing intervention practices as well as reliable and valid assessments of elementary-aged students' writing fluency has been lacking compared to other academic areas (i.e., reading). Performance feedback interventions targeting writing fluency are gaining empirical support (Eckert et al., 2006); however, growth trajectories for elementary-aged students' writing fluency over a short period of time and contributing variables have not been explored. The purpose of this study was to model students' writing fluency growth as it relates to: (a) instructional practices, (b) sex differences, and (c) individual student's initial level of writing fluency. A total of 133 third-grade students …

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Development Of A Daily Diary Method For The Assessment Of Everyday Cognitive Failures, Jacqueline Mogle Jan 2011

Development Of A Daily Diary Method For The Assessment Of Everyday Cognitive Failures, Jacqueline Mogle

Psychology - Dissertations

Assessing how well an individual can meet real world cognitive demands is an important clinical outcome, particularly for older adults. Research examining real world cognitive functioning has used both lab-based tasks as well as questionnaires. However, these assessments were limited for a number of reasons. Lab-based tasks lack personal relevance which may affect the strategies and amount of effort individuals apply, reducing their ecological validity. Questionnaires are considered more ecologically valid but require individuals to recall cognitive failures over weeks and months depending on an individual's fallible cognitive ability to remember their mistakes over long periods of time. More recent …

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Buy The Book: Social Reproduction And The Middle-Class Family Outing To The Big-Box Bookstore, Benette Whitmore Jan 2011

Buy The Book: Social Reproduction And The Middle-Class Family Outing To The Big-Box Bookstore, Benette Whitmore

Cultural Foundations of Education - Dissertations & Theses

This dissertation is a qualitative ethnography of a big-box bookstore that considers the relationship between book consumption, status, and social reproduction. The study draws from five years of fieldwork starting with three years of participant observation at 45 sessions of the weekly Story Time, where I observed 297 mothers or caregivers and 411 children. In the first three years of this research I also conducted informal interviews with 48 families at the store. Also in this phase of the study I conducted in-depth interviews at the store with nine bookstore workers and three managers. In the last two years of …

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Sweet Spring: The Development And Meaning Of Maple Syrup Production At Fort Drum, New York, David W. Babson Jan 2011

Sweet Spring: The Development And Meaning Of Maple Syrup Production At Fort Drum, New York, David W. Babson

Anthropology - Dissertations

This dissertation project uses archaeological and historical information to examine the cultural dynamics of maple syrup making at Fort Drum, New York, in the period between 1880 and 1940. This project combines a processual approach with an interpretive assessment, covering the social, economic and cultural contexts in which maple syrup was made at Fort Drum during the project research period. The project was intended, first, to expand the scope and analytical depth of an existing cultural resources management project that had proposed two size categories of maple syrup processing site among the 41 sites of this type known at Fort …

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Landscape, Labor, And Practice: Slavery And Freedom At Green Castle Estate, Antigua, Samantha Anne Rebovich Jan 2011

Landscape, Labor, And Practice: Slavery And Freedom At Green Castle Estate, Antigua, Samantha Anne Rebovich

Anthropology - Dissertations

This dissertation investigates the shift from slavery to freedom in Antigua by examining the landscapes and lifeways of enslaved and free laborers at Green Castle Estate during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Taking a diachronic approach to the past, I examine the production of landscape at Green Castle Estate and in Antigua to contextualize how the social relations of slavery and freedom unfolded in this specific geography. I argue that landscape did not merely serve as a backdrop to the success of sugar in Antigua but was carefully manipulated to ensure the success of that industry on the island. Amidst …

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A Review Of "Islam Without Extremes: A Muslim Case For Liberty", Fethi Keles Jan 2011

A Review Of "Islam Without Extremes: A Muslim Case For Liberty", Fethi Keles

Anthropology - All Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Child Neglect And Its Association With Subsequent Juvenile Drug And Alcohol Offense., Ellen Delara, J Propp, W Chen, K Corvo Jan 2011

Child Neglect And Its Association With Subsequent Juvenile Drug And Alcohol Offense., Ellen Delara, J Propp, W Chen, K Corvo

Falk College Research Center

No abstract provided.

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Searching For Influence And Persuasion In Network-Oriented Public Diplomacy: What Role For “Small States”?, Ivaylo Iaydjiev Jan 2011

Searching For Influence And Persuasion In Network-Oriented Public Diplomacy: What Role For “Small States”?, Ivaylo Iaydjiev

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

The discipline of public diplomacy has recently given rise to the concept of network-oriented public diplomacy. The purpose of the essay is twofold: first, to explore the idea and the underlying assumptions of this "new" public diplomacy; second, to ask whether public diplomacy could be an effective tool for "small states" since most of the scholarship is written from the viewpoint of a great power. To this end, this work is proceeding in three main parts: First, the notion of network-oriented diplomacy is examined by contrasting it to traditional diplomacy and traditional public diplomacy. Second, the essay demonstrates how the …

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Stretching The Parameters Of Diplomatic Protocol: Incursion Into Public Diplomacy, Shahidul Alam Jan 2011

Stretching The Parameters Of Diplomatic Protocol: Incursion Into Public Diplomacy, Shahidul Alam

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

The end of the Cold War saw the United States retrenching its public diplomacy program. However, as the sole remaining superpower, it saw the opportunity to spread its values and ideals – particularly those of liberal democracy, human rights, and the free market economy – to those countries that were lacking in them. Paradoxically, intense public diplomacy efforts were required in pursuit of that objective. Traditional diplomats then began to take on public diplomacy functions, but, in so doing, often violated Article 41 of the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. They were mostly from the United States, while the …

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Winter 2011, School Of Information Studies Jan 2011

Winter 2011, School Of Information Studies

iSchool Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Abell, M., Jung, E., & Taylor, M. (2011). Students' Perceptions Of Classroom Instructional Environments In The Context Of Universal Design For Learning. Learning Environments Research, 14(2), 171-185., Eunjoo Jung, V J. Molfese, A E. Larson Jan 2011

Abell, M., Jung, E., & Taylor, M. (2011). Students' Perceptions Of Classroom Instructional Environments In The Context Of Universal Design For Learning. Learning Environments Research, 14(2), 171-185., Eunjoo Jung, V J. Molfese, A E. Larson

Falk College Research Center

No abstract provided.

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Predicting Elementary Student Outcomes From Student And Teacher Characteristics, Eunjoo Jung Jan 2011

Predicting Elementary Student Outcomes From Student And Teacher Characteristics, Eunjoo Jung

Falk College Research Center

Structural equation modeling analyses of data from a longitudinal study of elementary students (N=5094) examined the relationships and pathways among individual characteristics of students and teachers at the beginning of 3rd grade to student achievement at the end of 3rd and 5th grade. The proposed model for predicting student outcomes provided a good fit to the data. The results demonstrated that the level of 3rd grade students’ learning motivation and social skills and teachers’ positive attitude at the beginning of school year were significant predictors of student academic achievement at the end of 3rd grade. Students’ perceived competence and their …

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Differences Between Human Oriented And Machine Oriented Information Standards: Implications For Design Of Enterprise-Scale Information Systems, Joann Brooks, David Mann Jan 2011

Differences Between Human Oriented And Machine Oriented Information Standards: Implications For Design Of Enterprise-Scale Information Systems, Joann Brooks, David Mann

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

Enterprise-scale information systems are deeply entwined with the networks of social practice that use and support them. Yet “interoperability” between information systems and social communities of practice is not always easily achieved, because these disparate types of entities operate according to different logics and respond differently to innovation processes. In this paper we identify differences between the types of information standards used in information systems and those commonly used within social communities of practice, terming the former “machine oriented standards” and the latter “human oriented standards.” We then provide a catalog of commonly used human oriented standards. We conclude by …

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Theorizing Embodied Communicative Organizing: Fleshing Out Genre With Goffman’S Situational View, Joann Brooks Jan 2011

Theorizing Embodied Communicative Organizing: Fleshing Out Genre With Goffman’S Situational View, Joann Brooks

School of Information Studies - Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Changing Tunes For Public Diplomacy: Exploring The Domestic Dimension, Ellen Huijgh Jan 2011

Changing Tunes For Public Diplomacy: Exploring The Domestic Dimension, Ellen Huijgh

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

The era where public diplomacy could turn its back on its domestic public and look solely towards the international stage has ended. Even so, the clash of opinion continues over whether public diplomacy ought to include a domestic dimension. The paper aims to explore this understudied facet of public diplomacy while drawing attention to issues pertinent to further research. It argues that despite the challenges of breaking with conventional mindsets, moving beyond “new” public diplomacy requires a more holistic approach to public engagement in foreign policy.

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