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Articles 1 - 30 of 30
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Relationship Between Candidate Sex And Pronoun Usage In A Louisiana Governor's Race, Mary Lynne Gasaway Hill
The Relationship Between Candidate Sex And Pronoun Usage In A Louisiana Governor's Race, Mary Lynne Gasaway Hill
English Literature & Language Faculty Publications
This study explores the usage of pronouns in two political debates by ten candidates (seven male, three female) in the 1995 Louisiana governor's race. The purpose of the study was to examine whether patterns associated with male and female pronoun usage held in an environment where males and females had the same communicative needs. Proforms were examined to determine if they were functioning inclusively (speaker including the addressee), a pattern associated with female usage, or exclusively (speaker excluding the addressee), a pattern associated with male usage. The results of statistical testing found that the relationship between the male candidates and …
Overexposed: Issues Of Public Gender Imaging, Pamela K. Morris
Overexposed: Issues Of Public Gender Imaging, Pamela K. Morris
College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Faculty Publications
Make no mistake—it is popularity that makes pop culture important. And it is the powerful visual imagery of advertisements that helps define the largely artificial construction we call gender. Sex-role stereotyping and gender representations are typically studied in content analyses of television and magazine advertisements. Less common are investigations into outdoor advertising, a medium that is ubiquitous and the most democratic—everyone has equal access to visuals. This essay calls attention to and offers insights on advertisements in our outdoor visual space, focusing on gender representations. Capturing and analyzing these ephemeral images can show how they influence how we feel, think, …
Aggression: Relationships With Sex, Gender Role Identity, And Gender Role Stress., Robin L. Leonard
Aggression: Relationships With Sex, Gender Role Identity, And Gender Role Stress., Robin L. Leonard
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sex, gender-role identity, and gender-role stress were assessed in terms of their relationship to observed gender differences in self-reported aggression. Physical and verbal aggression were explored, as well as the affective component of anger and cognitive component of hostility. The role of emotional intelligence in these relationships was also evaluated, as a possible correlate to the gender-related variables. The results indicated that both gender-role stress and gender-role identification were significantly associated with all components of aggression; however, only physical aggression was related to sex. Emotional intelligence was linked to sex and gender-role identity but not with gender-role stress. The results …
“I Just Want To Play”: Women, Sexism, And Persistence In Golf, Lee Mcginnis, Julia Mcquillan, Constance L. Chapple
“I Just Want To Play”: Women, Sexism, And Persistence In Golf, Lee Mcginnis, Julia Mcquillan, Constance L. Chapple
Bureau of Sociological Research: Faculty Publications
Golf does not inherently privilege men or women physically, yet men are much more likely to participate in golf. The authors explore the institutional (e.g., societal level) and interactional barriers to women’s golf participation and uncover strategies women use to negotiate playing and persisting in golf. Guided by research on tokenism in occupations, statistical discrimination, and feminist research in the sociology of sport, the authors use 10 interviews with recreational women golfers to explore these issues. Similar to women in predominantly male occupations, the women in this study report heightened visibility and experiences with typecasting on the golf course. In …
Secularization As A Decline In Religious Authority Over Gender, Catherine E. Meyers
Secularization As A Decline In Religious Authority Over Gender, Catherine E. Meyers
Theses and Dissertations
Recent secularization debates have helped to interpret the changing influence of religion over time and over social life. I argue that Chaves' (1994) conception of secularization, that secularization occurs as a decline in religious authority, is an effective theoretical tool for describing religious change over time. Using GSS data and the example of gender ideology, I attempt to illustrate this concept and argue that this view of secularization, combined with a multidimensional approach to gender, is necessary to more fully explain the changing relationship among religion and gender over time.
A Politics Of Accommodation: Women And The People’S Action Party In Singapore, Lenore T. Lyons
A Politics Of Accommodation: Women And The People’S Action Party In Singapore, Lenore T. Lyons
Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)
For the first time since achieving Independence in 1965, women now make up more than 10% of parliamentary representatives in Singapore. While this figure still lags behind international benchmarks, it is a significant improvement on the last election in which women made up less than 5% of MPs. This article explores the factors that led to the increase in women’s parliamentary representation. I examine the attitudes of senior leaders within the ruling People’s Action Party (PAP), as well as recent constitutional reforms, including the introduction of the Nominated Members of Parliament (NMPs) scheme, and the creation of a Group Representative …
Gender Poverty Disparity In Us Cities: Evidence Exonerating Female-Headed Families, Sara Lichtenwalter
Gender Poverty Disparity In Us Cities: Evidence Exonerating Female-Headed Families, Sara Lichtenwalter
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
Utilizing data from the 2000 Census, this study examines the impact of family composition, education, and labor force factors on the difference between female and male poverty rates in the 70 largest U.S. cities. A stepwise regression analysis indicates that 41 % of the difference between female and male poverty rates can be explained by the percent of women in the three US Bureau of Labor Statistic's lowest wage occupations. There was no evidence of a unique impact from the percentage of female headed families in each city, or the study's other independent variables, on the gender poverty gap, with …
Engendering Citizenship? A Critical Feminist Analysis Of Canadian Welfare-To-Work Policies And The Employment Experiences Of Lone Mothers, Rhonda S. Breitkreuz
Engendering Citizenship? A Critical Feminist Analysis Of Canadian Welfare-To-Work Policies And The Employment Experiences Of Lone Mothers, Rhonda S. Breitkreuz
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
Like other liberal-welfare states, Canada, in a climate of balanced budgets and deficit reduction, has been active in developing policies intended to move welfare recipients into employment in order to achieve selfsufficiency. The purpose of this paper is to employ a critical feminist analysis to examine the extent to which these policies, developed under the ideological umbrella of neo-liberalism, are gender sensitive. Literature on the economic and non-economic impacts of welfare-to-work policies is reviewed to evaluate whether these initiatives, while mandating lone-mothers into employment, recognize the gendered nature of work, employment and poverty. Gaps in current research are identified and …
Autonomy And Relatedness In Mother-Teen Interactions As Predictors Of Involvement In Adolescent Dating Aggression, Phyllis Holditch Niolon
Autonomy And Relatedness In Mother-Teen Interactions As Predictors Of Involvement In Adolescent Dating Aggression, Phyllis Holditch Niolon
Psychology Dissertations
This study examined autonomy and relatedness in mother adolescent interactions as longitudinal predictors of adolescent involvement in dating aggression. Research indicates that dating aggression, defined as perpetration and/or victimization of physical, psychological, or sexual aggression, affects one-third to two-thirds of adolescents. Most studies of adolescent dating aggression have been cross-sectional, have lacked a developmental theoretical perspective, and have not adequately investigated contextual differences in dating aggression. This study adds to the existing literature in that it applies a developmental framework to a multi-method, longitudinal study (n=88) of adolescent dating aggression. Adolescents’ and their mothers’ demonstrations of support for and inhibition …
A Qualitative Study: Gendered Perceptions Of Bullying Among Adolescents At A Boys And Girls Club., Beverly Small Chandley
A Qualitative Study: Gendered Perceptions Of Bullying Among Adolescents At A Boys And Girls Club., Beverly Small Chandley
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bullying is a form of peer violence needing extensive research to help understand the differences in gender for the prevention of such behavior. Most research has been performed in school settings and in a quantitative manner. This study was conducted by six researchers in an after-school facility with a qualitative approach. A minimum of 15 hours per researcher was spent observing behaviors and 20 interviews were performed. A grounded theory approach was used for the analysis of data which tend to show more similarities than differences in the way children bully as well as their perceptions of bullying.
Look Younger, Lose 10 Pounds, And Influence Your Audience: A Content Analysis Of Popular Men's And Women's Magazine Cover Blurbs And The Messages They Project To Their Readers., Rhajon Noelle Colson-Smith
Look Younger, Lose 10 Pounds, And Influence Your Audience: A Content Analysis Of Popular Men's And Women's Magazine Cover Blurbs And The Messages They Project To Their Readers., Rhajon Noelle Colson-Smith
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research examined cover blurbs on popular men’s and women’s magazines and the messages they communicate to their readers about women. The content analysis looked at the covers of Esquire, Gentlemen’s Quarterly, Vogue, and Good Housekeeping from 1999 through 2003 to see what these magazines were cultivating and framing through their cover text during the time surrounding the new millennium. The women’s magazines examined promoted gendered messages, messages encouraging an idealistic or unattainable ideal of women, to their readers more so than the men’s magazines researched. There also appeared to be an increase of gendered messages in the men’s and …
How Males And Females Feel About Body Image, Hannah Briscoe, Cadey Kuehnel
How Males And Females Feel About Body Image, Hannah Briscoe, Cadey Kuehnel
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
We wanted to see if the participants have a low or high body image. The participants were asked questions determining how they feel about their body image and others around them. Our hypothesis is that the younger participants will have a lower body image then those older, males will have a higher body image than females and seniors will have a higher body image than freshmen. The subjects were from the Human Subjects Pool at Lindenwood University consisting of general psychology, Anthropology, and Sociology classes. Our findings were significant with our hypothesis.
The Stroop Task: Gender Differences Between College Students, Josephine Mwangi
The Stroop Task: Gender Differences Between College Students, Josephine Mwangi
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
There were six male and six female students from Lindenwood University that participated and they were recruited through the human subject pool office. The hypothesis tested was that females are faster at completing the Stroop test than the males. The students were presented with a color key that had the numbers that matched the colors they were required to correspond with onto the computer monitor. There was a practice session at the beginning and then condition one that contained four color-words, red, blue, green and yellow that were printed in any one of the other colors stated above, totaling to …
Confronting The Intra-Racial Gender Gap: A Quantitative Study Of The Impact Of Gender On African American Students' Perceptions Of Campus Climate At A Predominantly White Institution, Tiffany N. Carpenter Edd
Confronting The Intra-Racial Gender Gap: A Quantitative Study Of The Impact Of Gender On African American Students' Perceptions Of Campus Climate At A Predominantly White Institution, Tiffany N. Carpenter Edd
Dissertations
For the last decade, the attainment gap in college graduation rates between Black males and females has continued to grow, despite the best efforts of researchers interested in identifying both its causes and suggesting possible policy remedies. Although much of the work has focused on the search for cognitive differences between African American males and females, there has been little, if any, research on the different ways that Black males and females may perceive their campus climate. In an attempt to broaden the literature in this area, this study examined the perceptions of 366 undergraduate African American students at a …
Linking Succession Planning To Employee Training: A Study Of Federal Employees, Douglas E. Fenner Edd
Linking Succession Planning To Employee Training: A Study Of Federal Employees, Douglas E. Fenner Edd
Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine whether differences emerged in federal male and female middle managers and supervisors' perceptions concerning organizational career development culture, succession planning components used for linking employee-training activities, reasons for succession planning and barriers impacting succession planning within their organization. Quantitative methodology supported this research study. A test-retest of the eighty-two-statement survey instrument was conducted for reliability among 40 participants (20 male and 20 female). The survey was then administered to 300 federal middle managers and supervisors (150 male and 150 female). Participants' grade level ranged from general schedule (GS) GS-12 to GS-15. Of …
Why Girls? The Importance Of Developing Gender-Specific Health Promotion Programs For Adolescent Girls, Amanda Birnbaum, Tracy R. Nichols
Why Girls? The Importance Of Developing Gender-Specific Health Promotion Programs For Adolescent Girls, Amanda Birnbaum, Tracy R. Nichols
Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works
Adolescence is a time when many girls begin to develop unhealthy behaviors that can affect myriad short- and long-term health outcomes across their lifespan.2There is evidence that smoking, physical activity, and diet are habituated during adolescence, and some physiologic processes of adolescence, such as peak bone mass development, have direct effects on future health.3-4 Establishing healthy practices, beliefs and knowledge among adolescent girls will decrease morbidity and mortality among adult women and potentially affect the health of men and children through women’s role as healthcare agents. This paper provides a brief review of lifestyle health behaviors among women and girls …
Poverty, Gender, And Religion: A Reflection On The Status Of Coptic Women In Poor Areas, Ereeny Talaat Zaki
Poverty, Gender, And Religion: A Reflection On The Status Of Coptic Women In Poor Areas, Ereeny Talaat Zaki
Archived Theses and Dissertations
The objective of this thesis is to explore the reasons behind the oppression of poor Coptic women. It examines the factors that position Coptic women in inferior status. It analyzes these factors at the intersections of lack of resources, poverty consequences, and gender inequalities that shape life experiences of this segment of the Egyptian society. Central to my argument is the influence of religion on the lives of those women. In the light of fieldwork conducted in the poor area of El Salaam city, the main finding is that religion affiliation, especially if this religion is adopted by a minority …
Gender, Citizenship And Personal Status Laws: Egypt & Morocco Compared, Yvette Fayez Isaac
Gender, Citizenship And Personal Status Laws: Egypt & Morocco Compared, Yvette Fayez Isaac
Archived Theses and Dissertations
This research puts forward the argument that the state can utilize, negotiate and transform laws according to the different forces it faces and that this has its implications on citizenship rights for women. The study accomplishes this by comparing Egypt and Morocco, two Arab [and North African] countries that have undergone recent changes in their personal status laws (also called family laws). Methodologically speaking, this is achieved through examining the impact of the rising pressure of women's groups and local NGOs to challenge the rising Islamic activism (internal factors), and the impact of globalization, and international conventions and organizations (external …
From Fantasy Dates To Elimination Ceremonies: A Content Analysis Of Gender, Sex And Romance On Reality Television, Andrea Mary Bergstrom
From Fantasy Dates To Elimination Ceremonies: A Content Analysis Of Gender, Sex And Romance On Reality Television, Andrea Mary Bergstrom
Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014
The study at hand intends to document patterns related to gender roles and depictions, dating, and sex which are unveiled in a sample of reality television programs.
Overexposed: Issues Of Public Gender Imaging, Pamela K. Morris
Overexposed: Issues Of Public Gender Imaging, Pamela K. Morris
School of Communication: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Make no mistake—it is popularity that makes pop culture important. And it is the powerful visual imagery of advertisements that helps define the largely artificial construction we call gender. Sex-role stereotyping and gender representations are typically studied in content analyses of television and magazine advertisements. Less common are investigations into outdoor advertising, a medium that is ubiquitous and the most democratic—everyone has equal access to visuals. This essay calls attention to and offers insights on advertisements in our outdoor visual space, focusing on gender representations. Capturing and analyzing these ephemeral images can show how they influence how we feel, think, …
[Review Of] Evelyn Nakano Glenn. Unequal Freedom: How Race And Gender Shaped American Citizenship And Labor, Philip Q. Yang
[Review Of] Evelyn Nakano Glenn. Unequal Freedom: How Race And Gender Shaped American Citizenship And Labor, Philip Q. Yang
Ethnic Studies Review
Evelyn Glenn is among the pioneers who laid the groundwork for an intersective approach of race, class, and gender to the analysis of social inequality. This new book carries on and extends her well-established intellectual project along this line of inquiry in both depth and breadth. In Unequal Freedom, Glenn offers an exemplary historical and comparative analysis of how race and gender as fundamental organizing principles of social institutions shaped American citizenship and labor system from the end of Reconstruction to the eve of World War II. She begins with a brief introduction to the book project in the introductory …
Hobbesian Men, Gilliganian Women, And Confucian Asians, Hong Xiao, Chenyang Li
Hobbesian Men, Gilliganian Women, And Confucian Asians, Hong Xiao, Chenyang Li
Hong Xiao
No abstract provided.
Are Negative Reactions To Sexist Appeals In Alcohol Advertisements A Function Of Feminism Or Gender?, Sandra C. Jones
Are Negative Reactions To Sexist Appeals In Alcohol Advertisements A Function Of Feminism Or Gender?, Sandra C. Jones
Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)
Anecdotal evidence suggests that the use of sexual appeals in alcohol advertising is increasing. It has been shown that the use of sex appeals may result in a more negative attitude towards the brand, particularly among female consumers. This study investigates the proposition that this is the effect of feminist ideology rather than, or in addition to, biological gender. The results show that female respondents have more negative attitudes towards alcohol advertisements utilizing overt (or demeaning) sexual appeals than males and more positive attitudes towards alcohol advertisements utilizing feminist (empowering) appeals than males; and that there is no consistent independent …
Gender Discrimination And Growth In Major Economies In Asia, Van Hoa Tran
Gender Discrimination And Growth In Major Economies In Asia, Van Hoa Tran
Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)
Economic growth, its determination and distribution have been the main objectives of normative and positive market economics over the years.
Infiltrators, Illegals And Undesirables : Gender And Forced Migration In South Asia, Ruchira Ganguly-Scrase
Infiltrators, Illegals And Undesirables : Gender And Forced Migration In South Asia, Ruchira Ganguly-Scrase
Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)
It will be argued within this paper, that women’s experiences of displacement and exclusion need to be situated in the relationship between globalisation and neoliberalism. I argue that forced and economic migrations are closely related and are often interchangeable expressions of global inequality. Neo liberal globalisation diminishes all human pursuits into buying and selling. It is elites in the North who have implemented neo-liberal policies into both the North and South over the past twenty five years. These policies have resulted in the eradication of social safeguards which have led to massive gendered displacement. While globalisation may conjure up a …
Gender Differences In Social Support For Socially Anxious Individuals, Lindsay Ham, Sarah A. Hayes, Debra A. Hope
Gender Differences In Social Support For Socially Anxious Individuals, Lindsay Ham, Sarah A. Hayes, Debra A. Hope
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Given that social anxiety disorder is a common, chronic, debilitating disorder and socially anxious women appear to have different experiences related to social development and social support than men, it is essential that the gender differences in social anxiety and social support be understood. The present study examined perceived social support quantity and satisfaction in 23 women and 28 men seeking treatment for social anxiety disorder. Contrary to expectations, men and women did not differ on measures of social support. However, younger, unmarried women reported having smaller social support networks and less satisfaction with their social support networks than older, …
Some Dumb Girl Syndrome: Challenging And Subverting Destructive Stereotypes Of Female Attorneys, Ann Bartow
Some Dumb Girl Syndrome: Challenging And Subverting Destructive Stereotypes Of Female Attorneys, Ann Bartow
Law Faculty Scholarship
This Essay considers ways in which female attorneys confront sexism and stereotyping in the legal profession and in life, and strongly endorses embracing feminism, and wearing comfortable shoes.
Altruism In The Context Of Door-Courtesy Behaviors Among College Students, Landen M. Roundy, Meagan E. Griffith, Sarah E. Jensen, Joseph A. Allen
Altruism In The Context Of Door-Courtesy Behaviors Among College Students, Landen M. Roundy, Meagan E. Griffith, Sarah E. Jensen, Joseph A. Allen
Psychology Faculty Publications
Altruism has been debated as both selfishly and selflessly motivated. Though there are many possible illustrations of altruism in daily activities, a simple model to measure altruism is observing door-holding behaviors. This study observes the door-holding behavior patterns of undergraduate college students, assessing the sex differences and the possibility of an altruistic theme within the observed population. A general sex difference was found illustrating that males hold the door more often than females. Implications of the results are discussed.
The Effect Of Embedded Metacognitive Prompts And Probes On Students’ Awareness In A Multimedia Lesson For Elementary School Students, Wendy Janine Parcel Edd
The Effect Of Embedded Metacognitive Prompts And Probes On Students’ Awareness In A Multimedia Lesson For Elementary School Students, Wendy Janine Parcel Edd
Dissertations
In a study he called The Effect of Embedded Metacognitive Cues and Probes on Use of Learner Control Features in an On-line Lesson for Elementary Students, Watson (2001) found that minimal prompting by an online tutorial increased 5th grade students’ comprehension of how much they understood. While Watson’s findings demonstrated a significant difference in the ability of prompted and non-prompted students to accurately predict their own performance on posttests, actual scores were not greater than those of control students until the results were analyzed by gender. The purpose of this study was to replicate and extend Watson’s study to determine …
The Changing Face Of Rural General Practice: An Ethnographic Study Of General Practitioners And Their Spouses, Angela Durey
The Changing Face Of Rural General Practice: An Ethnographic Study Of General Practitioners And Their Spouses, Angela Durey
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
Rural general practice is general practice at its best: a comment by one GP interviewed for this study was echoed by colleagues who viewed their work in a rural setting as challenging, diverse, rewarding and satisfying. Despite reported difficulties associated with rural general practice, many GPs argued that the benefits outweigh the disadvantages. Few wanted to leave. Nonetheless, too few Australian trained GPs are willing to move from cities to work in the country. Consequently, overseas trained doctors have been recruited to fill vacancies or nurses provide health services in communities unable to attract a GP.