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Articles 571 - 600 of 605
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Developing Strategies Of Functional Milk And Meat Products From Herbivorous Animal Husbandry, Zhixiong He, Chuanshe Zhou, Min Wang, Guo Yang, Rongzhen Zhong, Jinzhen Jiao, Shaoxun Tang, Zhiliang Tan
Developing Strategies Of Functional Milk And Meat Products From Herbivorous Animal Husbandry, Zhixiong He, Chuanshe Zhou, Min Wang, Guo Yang, Rongzhen Zhong, Jinzhen Jiao, Shaoxun Tang, Zhiliang Tan
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
In the past 40 years, the animal husbandry industry in China has been developed very fast through the technological and social development. It has been changed into a new stage from quantity to quality of the animal products, and more attention has been paid on the healthy food. The functional animal products will be an important breakthrough for the high-quality development of animal husbandry. This paper reviews the current animal husbandry industry and functional products of herbivorous animal husbandry in China and abroad. Several key scientific and technological issues on functional milk and meat are analyzed. Practical exploration including biotechnology …
Centennial Rejuvenation And Formation Of Scientist Spirit, Bin Li
Centennial Rejuvenation And Formation Of Scientist Spirit, Bin Li
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Chinese scientists inherited national feelings of traditional intellectuals, practice the original ideals of saving, serving, revitalizing, and strengthening the country through science and technology on the road to centennial rejuvenation, have formed a spiritual temperament different from that of western scientists and created a valuable Chinese scientist spirit. As an integral part of the century-old spiritual pedigree of the Communist Party of China, the spirit of scientist is a powerful source of strength for building a world power in science and technology and achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. …
Thoughts On Problem Oriented Scientific Research, Yunji Chen, Wei Li
Thoughts On Problem Oriented Scientific Research, Yunji Chen, Wei Li
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
In the past few decades, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has experienced project oriented scientific research and subject oriented scientific research, and has made great contributions to China's scientific and technological development in many fields. Facing a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, a new development idea for scientific research, that is, problem oriented scientific research, is put forward. This paper presents some thoughts on the connotation and management methods of problem oriented scientific research.
Thoughts On Systematic Layout Of Strengthening National Strategic Scientific And Technological Power, Guangzu Bai, Xiaoyang Cao
Thoughts On Systematic Layout Of Strengthening National Strategic Scientific And Technological Power, Guangzu Bai, Xiaoyang Cao
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Strengthening the national strategic science and technology (S&T) power is the key path to achieve China's scientific and technological independence, and to accelerate the construction process of a powerful nation of science and technology. In the global history of science and technology development in the past century, along with the shift of the world's scientific center, major developed countries have recognized and strengthened their S&T power from the national strategic level at different stages of development. Based on a profound understanding of the significance of strengthening the systematic layout of national strategic science and technology forces, this paper discusses the …
Actively Exert Leading And Backbone Role Of National Strategic Scientific And Technological Strength In Scientific And Technological Self-Reliance (Preface), Jianguo Hou
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
No abstract provided.
Protection And Utilization Of Black Land And Making Concerted And Unremitting Efforts For Safeguarding Food Security Promoted By Sci-Tech Innovation—Countermeasures In Conservation And Rational Utilization Of Black Land, Aizhen Liang, Lujun Li, Hui Zhu
Protection And Utilization Of Black Land And Making Concerted And Unremitting Efforts For Safeguarding Food Security Promoted By Sci-Tech Innovation—Countermeasures In Conservation And Rational Utilization Of Black Land, Aizhen Liang, Lujun Li, Hui Zhu
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The protection and reasonable utilization of black land and developing a powerful nation in the grain industry are the cornerstone for safeguarding the national security. This study focuses on the main agricultural sources including soil, water, seed, fertilizer, farm chemicals, etc., and analyzes the key problems in grain production, ecological security, and sustainable development in black land in Northeast China. This study proposes to strengthen the research and development of technology and the relevant equipment for the protection of black land and increasing crop yield; to develop the reduction of soil obstacle factors and stress-tolerant plants planting modes; to build …
Key Scientific And Technical Issues In Earth System Science Towards Achieving Carbon Neutrality In China, Zhaonan Cai, Lijing Cheng, Tingting Li, Xunhua Zheng, Lin Wang, Shenghui Han, Kai Wang, Xia Qu, Fei Jiang, Yongyu Zhang, Jianhua Zhu, Shangmin Long, Yang Sun, Binghao Jia, Wenping Yuan, Tianyi Zhang, Qing Zhang, Jinbo Xie, Jiawen Zhu, Zhiqiang Liu, Lin Wu, Dongxu Yang, Ke Wei, Lin Wu, Wen Zhang, Yi Liu, Junji Cao
Key Scientific And Technical Issues In Earth System Science Towards Achieving Carbon Neutrality In China, Zhaonan Cai, Lijing Cheng, Tingting Li, Xunhua Zheng, Lin Wang, Shenghui Han, Kai Wang, Xia Qu, Fei Jiang, Yongyu Zhang, Jianhua Zhu, Shangmin Long, Yang Sun, Binghao Jia, Wenping Yuan, Tianyi Zhang, Qing Zhang, Jinbo Xie, Jiawen Zhu, Zhiqiang Liu, Lin Wu, Dongxu Yang, Ke Wei, Lin Wu, Wen Zhang, Yi Liu, Junji Cao
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The carbon neutrality strategy will be the largest orderly human activity in this century, which requires strong scientific supports. This study introduces some key scientific questions and remaining knowledge gaps in earth system science (i.e. atmosphere, land, ocean science), and also discusses some key techniques and the associated challenges, including Earth System Model, climate metrics, greenhouse gasses monitoring techniques, carbon inventories from regional to global scales. On this basis, this study recommends to construct climate monitoring system and platform in China, better describe and understand the earth system coupling processes and mechanisms. To consolidate the techniques for carbon neutrality, this …
Build New Development Pattern Of “Double Cycle” Of Scientific And Technological Innovation, Zhongkai Yang, Jiping Gao, Yongxia Liang
Build New Development Pattern Of “Double Cycle” Of Scientific And Technological Innovation, Zhongkai Yang, Jiping Gao, Yongxia Liang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The CPC Central Committee proposed to speed up the formation of a new development pattern of the domestic and international double cycles, with the domestic cycle being the main body of this pattern. Facing a complex international and domestic situation, scientific and technological innovation being the core driving force, it is of urgent need to explore and build a new development pattern of "double cycle" to suit our national needs. Hence, under the guidance of Hsue-shen Tsien's thought on technological sciences and based on the original innovation function, secondary innovation function and potential innovation function of technological sciences, this study …
On Dealing With Openness And Self-Reliance In Development Of Science And Technology, Yungang Bao, Ninghui Sun
On Dealing With Openness And Self-Reliance In Development Of Science And Technology, Yungang Bao, Ninghui Sun
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
China leaders have been always emphasizing both openness and self-reliance over the past decades. However, it is challenging for institutes and researchers to properly deal with the two requirements which are considered to be unachievable at the same time. In this study, we propose four openness modes as well as two principles for handling openness and self-reliance in the development of science and technology. This paper presents the case study on how Chinese computer pioneers made strategical decisions on the openness and self-reliance in the very early age of Chinese computer history. We also retrospect the practice of openness in …
Opportunities, Challenges, And Recommendations For Development Of Future Industries In China, Hua Shen, Xiaoming Wang, Jiaofeng Pan
Opportunities, Challenges, And Recommendations For Development Of Future Industries In China, Hua Shen, Xiaoming Wang, Jiaofeng Pan
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Taking technology innovation as driving force, future industries aim to meet the new needs of human and social development, with the potential to expand human understanding, enhance human capacity, and promote sustainable development of society. The forward-looking layout of future industries is an important measure to build modern industrial system, cultivate new driving force of development, and promote high-quality economic development in China. Based on the description of the concept and characteristics of future industries, this paper reviews the development trends of global industry in the future, and the present situation and foundation of China's future industry development. It also …
Manned Submersibles—Deep-Sea Scientific Research And Exploitation Of Marine Resources, Bo Yang, Yeyao Liu, Jiawei Liao
Manned Submersibles—Deep-Sea Scientific Research And Exploitation Of Marine Resources, Bo Yang, Yeyao Liu, Jiawei Liao
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The successful development and good application of the deep-sea manned submersible Fendouzhe (Striver in English) has significantly improved China's R&D capabilities of technical equipment and the level of independent innovation in manned deep diving, and also made outstanding contributions to accelerating the construction of a maritime power. The 21st century is the "Century of the Ocean", and the rich resources in the ocean is a precious wealth that supports the sustainable development of mankind. The development and utilization of marine resources has become an inevitable trend in the development of all countries. However, the scientific expedition equipment needs to be …
Evolution Of Strategic Scientific And Technological Power: The World And China, Chunliang Fan
Evolution Of Strategic Scientific And Technological Power: The World And China, Chunliang Fan
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
This study reviews the generation and development of the national strategic scientific & technological (S&T) power at different historical stages around the world from the perspective of historical development of science and technology, and studies the construction and development of China's national strategic S&T power since the founding of new China. It also discusses the role of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as a national strategic S&T power. Based on the above research, this study puts forward the definition and characteristics of the national S&T strategic power. In the end, this study raises several suggestions on strengthening the national strategic …
Establish Basic Reseach Funding Navigation System, Promote Technical Innovation To Underpin Development Of National Modern Industrial System, Yi Shi, Jiangyuanhong Li, Gengsheng Wang, Suran Bai, Guibin Bian, Boqiang Li
Establish Basic Reseach Funding Navigation System, Promote Technical Innovation To Underpin Development Of National Modern Industrial System, Yi Shi, Jiangyuanhong Li, Gengsheng Wang, Suran Bai, Guibin Bian, Boqiang Li
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Under current complex and changeable international situation, building high-quality industrial systems according to the needs of national security and strategic development is an important guarantee for national sustained and high-quality development in the new period. As the source of technical innovation, basic research underpins the development of industrial systems. In addition, to strengthen the weakness and insufficience in basic research, we propose that a basic research funding navigation system should be constructed, which would be helpful to identify the key weaknesses in basic research, rationally set up the research direction, and optimize the reasonable allocation of resources, thus promote the …
From Single Spark To Prairie Ablaze—Exploring New Paradigm To Cultivate Top Innovation Talents, Quanshui Zheng, Luping Xu, Fengshan Bai, Lin Zhang, Minsheng Wang
From Single Spark To Prairie Ablaze—Exploring New Paradigm To Cultivate Top Innovation Talents, Quanshui Zheng, Luping Xu, Fengshan Bai, Lin Zhang, Minsheng Wang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
At the dawn of the 4th Industrial Revolution, cultivating top innovation talents that innovate "zero-to-one" achievements, and constructing sustainable mechanism for cultivating such talents, is not only a critical task during the China's national rejuvenation in the world experiencing a level of change unseen in a century, but also the key parameter for centenary or even millennium prosperity of Chinese nation. After over ten years of exploration, Tsien Excellence in Education Program of Tsinghua University (hereafter called "Tsien Class") has made a single-point breakthrough in this subject. Based on this, nearly after one year of preparation, "Tsien Class" and Shenzhen …
Strengthen Development Of Young Research Team And Accelerate Realization Of Scientific And Technological Self-Reliance And Self- Improvement— On Development Experience And Prospect Of Youth Innovation Promotion Association Of Cas, Kaihua Chen, Xia Sheng, Boqiang Li, Qi Song
Strengthen Development Of Young Research Team And Accelerate Realization Of Scientific And Technological Self-Reliance And Self- Improvement— On Development Experience And Prospect Of Youth Innovation Promotion Association Of Cas, Kaihua Chen, Xia Sheng, Boqiang Li, Qi Song
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Young researchers are the pioneering force with the most innovative vitality, the main force for basic research and core technology breakthroughs, and the backbone for realizing scientific and technological (S&T) self-reliance and self-improvement. In order to strengthen the construction of national strategic S&T force, there is an urgent need to strengthen the construction of young research team and establish a talent development environment that can effectively stimulate the young researchers' creativity, innovation ability, vitality and motivation. This paper summarizes the experience and results of "Youth Innovation Promotion Association"-the main program of independent cultivation of young S&T talents of Chinese Academy …
Young Scientists To Devote Themselves To Planetary Science And Deep Space Exploration: Opportunities And Challenges, Wei Yang, Xiongyao Li, Yong Wei
Young Scientists To Devote Themselves To Planetary Science And Deep Space Exploration: Opportunities And Challenges, Wei Yang, Xiongyao Li, Yong Wei
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Planetary science and deep space exploration under the background of changes unseen in a century have provided young scientists with a golden opportunity. The frontier scientific issues of planetary science and the critical technical challenges of deep space exploration have yet to be explored by young scientists. However, some factors restrict young scientists from devoting themselves to this area. This paper summarizes opportunities and challenges from the perspective of young scientists. It also proposes corresponding policy recommendations, hoping the dream of a powerful country in planetary science and deep space exploration come true with the promoted participation of young scientists.
New Demands In Basic Research On Environmental Pollution And Health In China, Qian Liu, Guangbo Qu, Dawei Lu
New Demands In Basic Research On Environmental Pollution And Health In China, Qian Liu, Guangbo Qu, Dawei Lu
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The complex environmental pollution in China greatly threatens the human health. Although the pollution control policies have taken a great effect in recent years, the resultant long-term, chronic health risks are still concerned. Until now, the causes of many regional high-incidence diseases are still unclear. In order to solve these environmental health problems, we need multi-disciplinary innovations in basic research to establish the comprehensive research chain of "pollution process-human exposure-body response-disease development". We need breakthroughs in interdisciplinary fields including exposomics, ultratrace measurement and source tracing methodology, molecular epidemiology, environmental big data, and artificial intelligence. Only in this way can we …
Microbial Evolution Of Cryosphere And Biosecurity Concerns, Jingyang Xu, Qianggong Zhang, Yi Shi
Microbial Evolution Of Cryosphere And Biosecurity Concerns, Jingyang Xu, Qianggong Zhang, Yi Shi
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The unique and extreme ecological environment of cryosphere acts as a gigantic reservoir of microorganisms, which preserves precious records of the diversity and evolutionary history of ancient microbes. Climate change and human activities have made significant impacts on the ecological system. Global warming causes melting of the cryosphere that remained frozen for thousands of years and releases microorganisms, some of them are recovered to life and constitute a potential threat to the ecological environment and human health. It is urgent to combine multidisciplinary research forces to investigate the microbial ecology of cryosphere, analyze the microbe pathogenesis and transmission mechanisms, as …
Practice And Thinking On Construction Of Science Communication System Of National Research Institutions—Taking Chinese Academy Of Sciences As Example, Yang Yue, Yanlong Xu, Qiang Ma, Yingnan Liu, De Xiong, Dejin Zhou
Practice And Thinking On Construction Of Science Communication System Of National Research Institutions—Taking Chinese Academy Of Sciences As Example, Yang Yue, Yanlong Xu, Qiang Ma, Yingnan Liu, De Xiong, Dejin Zhou
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
This study taking Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) as an example, analyzes the mission of national research institutions with regard to the construction of science communication system in the current social context. It reviews the science communication activities and construction practice of science communication system carried out by CAS for the benefit of the nation, the society, and for the scientific and technological innovation work of CAS. On this basis, it points out the necessity of constructing the science communication system of national research institutions and puts forward some relevant policy suggestions.
Policy Overview (March, 2021)
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
No abstract provided.
Trends Observation: Layout Features And Development Trends Of Major International Science And Technology Infrastructure
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
No abstract provided.
Interpretation Of Quantum Mechanics And Karl Popper’S Three Worlds, Changpu Sun
Interpretation Of Quantum Mechanics And Karl Popper’S Three Worlds, Changpu Sun
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Base on the view of material monism, this paper explains how quantum mechanics describes the objectivity of the microscopic world. It points out that the challenge posed by the Copenhagen interpretation to the fundamental problem of philosophy is not essential, due to its adoption of the wave-packet collapse hypothesis which is non-unique to implement repeatable measurement. Therefore, the conclusion that matter and consciousness are inseparable is not rigorous either from scientific or from philosophical perspective. With regard to Karl Popper's philosophy of "three worlds", our quantum theory of measurement describes how the multiple observers probe into the micro system to …
Parallel Philosophy: Origin And Goal Of Intelligent Industries And Smart Economics, Fei-Yue Wang
Parallel Philosophy: Origin And Goal Of Intelligent Industries And Smart Economics, Fei-Yue Wang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
What are the nature and goal of Intelligent Technology? What are the origin and mission of Intelligent Science? What are the impact and significance of Intelligent Industries to our societies and the future development of Human Being? Starting from the topic of AlphaGo, based on Karl Popper's Three Worlds theory, this article addresses the above questions and discussed the beginning and trend of Artificial Intelligence and Parallel Intelligence. It then proposes Parallel Philosophy as the new philosophy system for Intelligent Science and Intelligent Technology, which extends the scope of traditional philosophy from Being, Becoming to Believing, and the corresponding Knowledge …
Cultivation Of Philosophy: 30-Year Mugwort For China To Build Itself Into World Power Of Science And Technology, Yuehong Zhang, Fang Jiang, Dengwei Liu
Cultivation Of Philosophy: 30-Year Mugwort For China To Build Itself Into World Power Of Science And Technology, Yuehong Zhang, Fang Jiang, Dengwei Liu
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China more than 70 years ago, China's science and technology development has gained great achievements. However, some deep-rooted problems still pose serious impediments for China to build itself into a world power of science and technology in the next 30 years. It is a must for us to explore the root causes of these problems and find the solution. Through the analysis of the historical context of the "Needham Puzzle" and "Qian Xuesen's Question", as well as the philosophical origin of the bottleneck of China's science and technology development, this study proposed …
Ecologic Problems And Hazards Risks: Challenges And Countermeasure For Promoting Green Belt And Road, Jiaqiang Lei, Yong Ge, Xin Gao, Youlin Yang
Ecologic Problems And Hazards Risks: Challenges And Countermeasure For Promoting Green Belt And Road, Jiaqiang Lei, Yong Ge, Xin Gao, Youlin Yang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The Belt and Road region crosses different geographic areas and ecological zones. Ecologic problems and hazards risks are complicated in these zones and they threat seriously the green development and economic corridors security along the Belt and Road region. Based on multiple data sources platform installation and experiment-demonstration researches and observations, the regional ecologic-environmental regulations of the Belt and Road region are well and scientifically recognized, key areas/zones and the ecologic-environmental security and risk response programmes of major projects are systematically integrated. The findings of the key advanced research project on the environment change and construction of the Green Silk …
Ecological Restoration And Countmeasures Against Desertification Crisis In Aral Sea Region., Mingzhu He, Xin Gao, Zhenyong Zhao, Haotian Yang, Lei Huang, Xinrong Li, Jiaqiang Lei
Ecological Restoration And Countmeasures Against Desertification Crisis In Aral Sea Region., Mingzhu He, Xin Gao, Zhenyong Zhao, Haotian Yang, Lei Huang, Xinrong Li, Jiaqiang Lei
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
Land degradation and desertification are the serious ecological problems and challenges to achieve global sustainable development goals. The Chinese government proposes to integrate the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt with the environmental improvement of the Central Asia, to build an intimate community of shared destiny between China and the Central Asia countries, and to promote the green and sustainable development of the Silk Road Economic Belt. However, the ecological crisis in the Aral Sea causes a significant shrinking in water body, loss of biodiversity, salinization, desertification, and salt dust storm, which have become major environmental problems encountered in …
Origin, Practice, And Evolution Of Innovation Culture—Case Study Of Chinese Academy Of Sciences, Jun Zhao, Yang Yang
Origin, Practice, And Evolution Of Innovation Culture—Case Study Of Chinese Academy Of Sciences, Jun Zhao, Yang Yang
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
This study introduces the origin, connotation, function, and significance of innovation culture, identifies four basic elements of innovative culture, including value concept, thinking mode, behavior standard, and institutional system. On this basis, this study systematically reviews the four innovative cultural developments of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Meanwhile, this study points out that the spirits of saving, serving, and strengthening the country through science are the value concepts of CAS. Striving to be the practitioner and inheritor into the spirit of “two bombs and one satellite” is the thinking modes of CAS. Innovating technology, cultivating talents, serving the country, and …
Risk Assessment And Response Strategies For Extreme Climate Events In Key Nodes Of The Belt And Road, Yong Ge, Qiangzi Li, Feng Ling, Yuan Zhang, Yonghui Yao, Qingsheng Liu, Wen Dong, Hua Wu, Yi Li, Zhoupeng Ren
Risk Assessment And Response Strategies For Extreme Climate Events In Key Nodes Of The Belt And Road, Yong Ge, Qiangzi Li, Feng Ling, Yuan Zhang, Yonghui Yao, Qingsheng Liu, Wen Dong, Hua Wu, Yi Li, Zhoupeng Ren
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
In the context of global climate change, heat waves, extreme precipitation, extreme droughts and storm surges have increased in most areas of the Belt and Road, which seriously threatens the personal and property safety of countries along the Belt and Road. This study focuses on dealing with the issues associated with the risk identification and assessment of extreme climate events in the “Belt and Road” region, including the coarse or single assessment scale and weak response strategies. It develops a multi-scale extreme climate risk assessment framework, and completes the risk assessment of four representative extreme climate events including heat waves, …
Improve The Weak Links In Science And Technology For Disaster Prevention And Reduction Along Silk Road
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
No abstract provided.
Regionalization Of Ecological Risk Of China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor Transportation And Pipeline Construction And Policy Suggestions, Suocheng Dong, Yijia Li, Fujia Li, Jingwen Li, Yu Li, Zehong Li, Hao Cheng, Guoyu Li, Shengyu Li
Regionalization Of Ecological Risk Of China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor Transportation And Pipeline Construction And Policy Suggestions, Suocheng Dong, Yijia Li, Fujia Li, Jingwen Li, Yu Li, Zehong Li, Hao Cheng, Guoyu Li, Shengyu Li
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)
The cross-border railways and oil and gas pipelines along the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor are key hubs and channels supporting the regional cooperation and development. It is very important to complete scientific regionalization of ecological risk of China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor and put forward suggestions to guarantee smooth construction and safe cross-border traffic project. By establishing ecological risk evaluation model, we quantitatively analyzed the ecological risk of China-MongoliaRussia Economic Corridor, and regionalized high, middle, and low risk. We put forward the ecological risk prevention and control countermeasures for China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor. It shows that the ecological risk areas are distributed along the …