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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- China (5)
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Articles 31 - 52 of 52
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Washing Hands, Saving Lives, Singapore Management University
Washing Hands, Saving Lives, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
Diarrhoea is a major cause of child mortality in rural Vietnam, caused by a lack of running water and poor handwashing habits. A handwashing station called the HappyTap could solve the problem
Too Materialistic To Get Married And Have Children?, Norman P. Li, Amy J. Y. Lim, Ming-Hong Tsai, Jiaqing O
Too Materialistic To Get Married And Have Children?, Norman P. Li, Amy J. Y. Lim, Ming-Hong Tsai, Jiaqing O
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
We developed new materials to induce a luxury mindset and activate materialistic values, and examined materialism’s relationship to attitudes toward marriage and having children in Singapore. Path analyses indicated that materialistic values led to more negative attitudes toward marriage, which led to more negative attitudes toward children, which in turn led to a decreased number of children desired. Results across two studies highlight, at the individual level, the tradeoff between materialistic values and attitudes toward marriage and procreation and suggest that a consideration of psychological variables such as materialistic values may allow for a better understanding of larger-scale socioeconomic issues …
Shining The Spotlight On Cultural Policy, Tarn How Tan, Su Fern Hoe
Shining The Spotlight On Cultural Policy, Tarn How Tan, Su Fern Hoe
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Singapore has come a long way since its days of being described as a “cultural desert". The credit goes to an aggressive arts and culture development policy backed by significant funding. To fulfil its vision of Singapore as “a global city for the arts" and a “Creative City”, the government rolled out masterplans such as those for the Renaissance City and creative industries. Most recently it called for accessible community arts for every Singaporean through the Arts and Culture Strategic Review (ACSR) of 2012.
Data Mapping On Ageing In Low- And Middle-Income Countries In Asia And The Pacific, Bussarawan Puk Teerawichitchainan, John Knodel
Data Mapping On Ageing In Low- And Middle-Income Countries In Asia And The Pacific, Bussarawan Puk Teerawichitchainan, John Knodel
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Population ageing is an increasingly important demographic, social, and economic issue for researchers and policy makers throughout developing Asia prompting a need for data to monitor change and formulate evidence-based policies. There have been increasing endeavors in the Asia-Pacific region to collect information specifically related to older persons through representative surveys. These surveys are either broadly comprehensive or focus on particularly important domains, especially health. However, there is no systematic accounting of what the datasets address; to what extent different sources overlap or complement one another; how comparable they; and what data gaps remain. In addition, other data sources not …
Historians As Rooted Cosmopolitans: Their Potentials And Limitations, Hiro Saito
Historians As Rooted Cosmopolitans: Their Potentials And Limitations, Hiro Saito
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In the 1990s, the so-called 'history problem' began to escalate in East Asia as the result of mutually reinforcing nationalist commemorations in Japan, South Korea and China. In response, historians from the three countries organized joint historical research and textbook projects. In this article, I examine the extent to which these joint projects succeeded in promoting the cosmopolitan logic of historiography that challenged nationalist commemorations. Specifically, I compare governmental and non-governmental projects and illustrate structural and dispositional mechanisms that facilitated the cosmopolitan logic of historiography. However, at the same time, I show that the joint projects have had only a …
Rural China In Transition: Changes And Transformations In China’S Agriculture And Rural Sector, John A. Donaldson, Forrest Q. Zhang
Rural China In Transition: Changes And Transformations In China’S Agriculture And Rural Sector, John A. Donaldson, Forrest Q. Zhang
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Agribusiness companies operating in China are transacting in various forms with small agricultural producers, and in doing so, transforming the household-based agriculture in rural China. We argue that the presence of these distinct forms and the diverging relations between agribusiness and producers show the central importance of China’s collective land rights. China’s unique system of land rights – featuring collective ownership but individualized usage rights – has acted as a powerful force in shaping interactions between agribusiness and direct producers. It provides farmers a source of economic income as well as political bargaining power – albeit to various degrees – …
Disaggregating Activities Of Daily Living Limitations For Predicting Nursing Home Admission, Joelle H. Y. Fong, Olivia S. Mitchell, Benedict S. K. Koh
Disaggregating Activities Of Daily Living Limitations For Predicting Nursing Home Admission, Joelle H. Y. Fong, Olivia S. Mitchell, Benedict S. K. Koh
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Objective: To examine whether disaggregated activities of daily living (ADL) limitations better predict the risk of nursing home admission compared to conventionally used ADL disability counts. Data Sources: We used panel data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) for years 1998–2010. The HRS is a nationally representative survey of adults older than 50 years (n = 18,801). Study Design: We fitted Cox regressions in a continuous time survival model with age at first nursing home admission as the outcome. Time-varying ADL disability types were the key explanatory variables. Principal Findings: Of the six ADL limitations, bathing difficulty emerged as …
The Validity Of Sex-Differentiated Mate Preferences: Reconciling The Seemingly Conflicting Evidence, Norman P. Li, Andrea L. Meltzer
The Validity Of Sex-Differentiated Mate Preferences: Reconciling The Seemingly Conflicting Evidence, Norman P. Li, Andrea L. Meltzer
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Across decades and cultures, researchers have found that men prefer physical attractiveness in their romantic partners more than women do, whereas women prefer social status and resources in their partners more than men do. From an evolutionary perspective, these sex differences are important as they reflect hypothesized psychological mechanisms that evolved in response to different adaptive challenges faced by ancestral men and women. Social psychologists, however, have recently challenged the validity of mate preferences and thus, this evolutionary perspective. Indeed, recent speed-dating studies (e.g., Eastwick and Finkel, 2008) and a meta-analysis (Eastwick, Luchies, Finkel, and Hunt, 2014) demonstrate that the …
Getting Better At Discussing Population Issues, David Chan
Getting Better At Discussing Population Issues, David Chan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In an invited commentary, SMU Behavioural Sciences Institute Director Professor David Chan discussed the lessons learned from the release of the Population White Paper two years ago, and apply them to the review that will occur in fewer than five years from now. He examined the adaptive responses from the Government, issues of strategic communications, and population challenges and opportunities.
Lay Theories About Social Class Buffer Lower-Class Individuals Against Poor Self-Rated Health And Negative Affect, Jacinth J. X. Tan, Michael W. Kraus
Lay Theories About Social Class Buffer Lower-Class Individuals Against Poor Self-Rated Health And Negative Affect, Jacinth J. X. Tan, Michael W. Kraus
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
The economic conditions of one’s life can profoundly and systematically influence health outcomes over the life course. Our present research demonstrates that rejecting the notion that social class categories are biologically determined—a nonessentialist belief—buffers lower-class individuals from poor self-rated health and negative affect, whereas conceiving of social class categories as rooted in biology—an essentialist belief—does not. In Study 1, lower-class individuals self-reported poorer health than upper-class individuals when they endorsed essentialist beliefs but showed no such difference when they rejected such beliefs. Exposure to essentialist theories of social class also led lower-class individuals to report greater feelings of negative self-conscious …
Is The Cultural Revolution Relevant In Modern China?, Singapore Management University
Is The Cultural Revolution Relevant In Modern China?, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
The short answer is "yes" to two things: charismatic leadership within the Chinese Communist Party, and dealing with democracy
Working Inclusiveness Into Society, Singapore Management University
Working Inclusiveness Into Society, Singapore Management University
Perspectives@SMU
Treating the disabled as no different from able-bodied folks and holding them to the same standards are key
Love, Money And Old Age Support: Does Parental Matchmaking Matter?, Fali Huang, Ginger Zhe Jin, Lixin Colin Xu
Love, Money And Old Age Support: Does Parental Matchmaking Matter?, Fali Huang, Ginger Zhe Jin, Lixin Colin Xu
Research Collection School Of Economics
Parental involvement in matchmaking may distort the choice of spouse because parents are willing to substitute love for market and household production, which are more sharable between parents and their children. This paper finds supportive evidence in a survey of Chinese couples. In both rural and urban areas, parent matchmaking is associated with less marital harmony between the couple, more submissive wives, and a stronger belief in old age support for the son. In contrast, its association with couple income differs by rural and urban regions, perhaps because of differences in earning opportunities and in the enforcement of the one-child …
Infrastructure Provision, Gender And Poverty In Indian Slums, Prithi Parikh, Kun Fu, Himanshu Parikh, Allan Mcrobie, Gerard George
Infrastructure Provision, Gender And Poverty In Indian Slums, Prithi Parikh, Kun Fu, Himanshu Parikh, Allan Mcrobie, Gerard George
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We examine the relationship between infrastructure provision and poverty alleviation by analyzing 500 interviews conducted in serviced and non-serviced slums in India. Using a mixed-method approach of qualitative analysis and regression modeling, we find that infrastructure was associated with a 66% increase in education among females. Service provision increased literacy by 62%, enhanced income by 36%, and reduced health costs by 26%. Evidence suggests that a gender-sensitive consideration of infrastructure is necessary and that a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach will not suffice. We provide evidence that infrastructure investment is critical for well-being of slum dwellers and women in particular.
Fidel Valdez Ramos [Philippines, President], Fidel Valdez Ramos
Fidel Valdez Ramos [Philippines, President], Fidel Valdez Ramos
Digital Narratives of Asia
Fidel V Ramos was the 12th President of the Philippines. As Director-General of the Integrated National Police and Acting Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, he rose up against the dictatorship of President Ferdinand Marcos, to lead the military in the People Power Revolution of 1986. He tells DNA why he decided to stand up to his second cousin, what led him to run for the presidency and the thinking behind one of the key achievements of his term - the peace agreement with the MNLF.
Dominic Puthucheary [Malaysia, Member Of Parliament, Founder Barisan Sosialis], Dominic Puthucheary
Dominic Puthucheary [Malaysia, Member Of Parliament, Founder Barisan Sosialis], Dominic Puthucheary
Digital Narratives of Asia
Founder Vice-President, Barisan Sosialis, and former Malaysian Member of Parliament for Nibong Tebal, Dominic Puthucheary, recalls how he was inducted into politics, then trade union movement during the anti-colonial era. He presented his retrospective views on Mr Lee Kuan Yew, and the failure of the Left movement in the Cold War realities.
Arifin Siregar [Indonesia, Minister Of Trade], Arifin Siregar
Arifin Siregar [Indonesia, Minister Of Trade], Arifin Siregar
Digital Narratives of Asia
Former Indonesian Trade Minister Arifin Siregar talks to DNA about his higher education in Holland and Germany, and his services as the Governor of Central Bank in Indonesia, during which handling the Pertamina crisis led to radical economic development. He presents his take on past Presidents Soekarno, Suharto, Habibie, Gus Dur, Megawati and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, including how corruption had occurred.
Why Does Everybody Hate Me? Balance, Status, And Homophily: The Triumvirate Of Signed Tie Formation, Janice Yap, Nicholas Harrigan
Why Does Everybody Hate Me? Balance, Status, And Homophily: The Triumvirate Of Signed Tie Formation, Janice Yap, Nicholas Harrigan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Despite being one of the foundational theories of signed (positive/negative) tie formation, the evidence for balance theory is far from conclusive. A recent promising alternative is status theory, but a theoretical and explanatory gap still remains, with a dearth of theories and evidence. We put forward and test eight separate theories of signed tie formation on two face-to-face networks of friendship and esteem of 282 students. We use dimension reduction (factor analysis) on the results tables comparing the predictions of these eight theories for 50 ERGM parameters with our estimated models. We find three main paradigms explain the majority of …
The A-Bomb Victims' Plea For Cosmopolitan Commemoration: Toward Reconciliation And World Peace, Hiro Saito
The A-Bomb Victims' Plea For Cosmopolitan Commemoration: Toward Reconciliation And World Peace, Hiro Saito
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
This paper critically revisits the A-bomb victims' plea for cosmopolitan commemoration that takes humanity, rather than nationality, as a primary frame of reference. To this end, I first elaborate the nature of cosmopolitan commemoration espoused by A-bomb victims in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in comparison with another form of cosmopolitan commemoration pertaining to the Holocaust victims. I then analyze limitations in these cosmopolitan commemorations and explore how they can be transcended. In light of my critical analysis, I argue that genuinely cosmopolitan commemoration, a prerequisite for reconciliation and world peace, will appear on the horizon if the commemorations of the two …
Wellbeing Of Singapore’S Youths, Kong Weng Ho
Wellbeing Of Singapore’S Youths, Kong Weng Ho
Research Collection School Of Economics
Given Singapore’s focus on human capital investment in its residents, the nation’s youths have experienced increases in their financial, educational, and physical wellbeing. However, how have our youths fared in their emotional and mental wellbeing? Figures from the World Values Survey show reported a gradual decline in life satisfaction for both general population and youths. Data from four waves of the National Youth Survey confirms this trend. This chapter explores and examines the non-economic channels that may have countered the positive influence of economic success on the wellbeing of youths, namely, changing family structure, heightened stressors, shifting life goals, time …
Disciplines, Area Studies, And Publics: Rethinking Sociology In A Global World, Hiro Saito
Disciplines, Area Studies, And Publics: Rethinking Sociology In A Global World, Hiro Saito
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Why did Contemporary Sociology, an official journal of the American Sociological Association, ask me to review these two books on Japan edited and written by anthropologists? This question sounds trivial and even irrelevant at first. However, when the question’s three overlapping registers— why Japan, why anthropology, and why me (a Japanese sociologist trained in the United States)—are recognized, they should prompt readers of Contemporary Sociology to reexamine the relationship between disciplines and area studies, on the one hand, and the relationship between sociologists and publics, on the other. In fact, I suggest that this reexamination be an urgent task in …
Americans Overestimate Social Class Mobility, Michael W. Kraus, Jacinth J. X. Tan
Americans Overestimate Social Class Mobility, Michael W. Kraus, Jacinth J. X. Tan
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
In this research we examine estimates of American social class mobility—the ability to move up or down in education and income status. Across studies, overestimates of class mobility were large and particularly likely among younger participants and those higher in subjective social class—both measured (Studies 1–3) and manipulated (Study 4). Class mobility overestimates were independent of general estimation errors (Study 3) and persisted after accounting for knowledge of class mobility assessed in terms of educational attainment and self-ratings. Experiments revealed that mobility overestimates were shaped by exposure to information about the genetic determinants of social class—a faux science article suggesting …