Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The New Christian Right, Social Policy And The Welfare State, James Midgley

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

While the campaigns of the New Christian Right on abortion, affirmative action, school prayer and other issues have been well documented, little is known about the movement's attitude towards state welfare programs. Identifying three distinctive sources of fundamentalist antipathy to the welfare state, this paper seeks to draw attention to interesting although unconventional ideas about social welfare that should be recognized and understood by scholars concerned with the study of social policy.

Discipline And Pacification In The Modern Administrative State: The Case Of Social Welfare Fraud, Alec Pemberton

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Foucault and Giddins emphasise the power of the modern "Administrative State", arguing that we now have at our disposal an enormous bureaucratic machinery for processing and controlling various problematical human behaviours. Australian data on fraud of the social welfare system are examined to throw light on Foucault's and Giddens' views. Figures relating to prosecution for fraud of both the Unemployment and Supporting Parents Benefits system in the last six years throw some doubt on the concept of a vastly powerful "Administrative State apparatus.'" Certainly a massive state bureaucracy has been established to apprehend cheats, yet the data show consistently that …

Detecting And Reporting Child Abuse: A Function Of The Human Service Delivery System, George E. Fryer Jr.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper reports the results of a regression analysis performed on 48, 499 reports of known or suspected child abuse submitted from 1974 through 1983 to the Colorado Department of Social Services Central Child Abuse Registry. Enrollments in human service programs, combined with events which precipitate enrollee use of services, and the presence of human service professionals and institutions are strongly related to the number of abuse cases reported.

Focal Point, Volume 04 Number 02, Portland State University. Regional Research Institute

Research and Training Center - Focal Point

Children Grow Better in Families. This was the slogan on a 1984 poster developed by the Children's Bureau to emphasize the benefits of adoption -- not only to a waiting child, but to the adoptive home itself through the enrichment the new member brings to the existing family system. The slogan rings true for all types of families -- not only those restructured through adoption or remarriage, but those that are formed in more conventional ways. The child welfare system today is heavily invested in family preservation and the philosophy of permanency for children who have been placed outside their …

Home Safety-The Challenge To Public Health, Ray Ranson

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Home accidents are now a leading cause of death and injury particularly in young children and the elderly. For example, 3.1 million accidents occur in the home every year in the United Kingdom with no signs of diminishment. More effective systems of accident recording, monitoring, investigation, intercollaboration and education are urgently needed to redress this epidemic. More attention needs to be given to preventive safety design in architect training and adoption of home safety design standards and legislation. The major threat to public health which home accidents represent must not go unchallenged.

Health Implications Of Homelessness: Reports From Three Countries, Gerald Daly

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper discusses the health implications of homelessness in the context of problems discovered and remedies proposed in three countries: Britain, Canada, and the United States. The findings, particularly with respect to programmatic responses, are selective. Based upon personal observation over the past four years, they are intended, however, to offer a glimpse at the range of projects which have evolved in the three countries during the eighties.

An Ecological Perspective On Housing, Health And Well-Being, Claude Raffestin, Roderick Lawrence

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Human ecology is a term that has been used frequently since the beginning of this century to examine some of the relationships between people and their surroundings. This article presents a different interpretation to that commonly used by academics and professionals in the medical and social sciences. The ecological perspective developed and illustrated here stems from an appraisal of many contemporary contributions, and an examination of Hippocrates's treatise "On Airs, Waters, And Places". The perspective presented herein accounts for the impacts of human products and processes on the biotic and abiotic constituents of the environment, as well as the human …

Housing And Health In Beijing: Implications Of High-Rise Housing On Children And The Aged, Solvig Ekblad, Finn Werne

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The authors are at present engaged in a Swedish-Chinese interdisciplinary and crossectional project on housing and health in Beijing. This article is concerned with a literature review on the topic and general observations during two recent visits to China.

After some basic assumptions concerning high-rise dwellings, private space and life style, this paper contains explicit comparisons of the design, use and experience of traditional courtyard houses, flats in midrise and high-rise buildings as well as a comparisons of two vulnerable groups , i.e., children and elderly residents.

The article ends with a discussion, and the authors conclude that city planning …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 17, No. 1 (March 1990)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

CONTENTS

• EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION - Roderick L. Lawrence
• HEALTH ASPECTS OF HOUSING AND TOWN PLANNING - Eric Giroult
• RELOCATION AND HEALTH EFFECTS ON THE ELDERLY: A COMMENTED RESEARCH REVIEW - Berth Danermark and Mats Ekstrdm
• HOUSING AND HEALTH IN BEIJING: IMPLICATIONS OF HIGH-RISE HOUSING ON CHILDREN AND THE AGED - Solvig Ekblad and Finn Werne
• FACTORS IN URBAN STRESS - Ian Burton
• HOME SAFETY: THE CHALLENGE TO PUBLIC HEALTH - Ray Ranson
• HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF HOMELESSNESS: REPORTS FROM THREE COUNTRIES - Gerald Daly
• THE ROLE OF REGULATION IN THE CONTROL OF HOUSING CONDITIONS - Roger Burridge and David Ormandy
• AN ECOLOGICAL …

The Generalist-Advanced Generalist Continuum, Patty Gibbs, Barry Locke, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

This paper explores the concept of generalist-advanced generalist in practice and in education by discusing some of the tenets of generalist practice, advancing a paradigm for framing the BSW/MSW educational continuum, and presenting one possible curriculum design--including practice outcomes, course content and sequencing issues--to articulate an educational continuum in schools of social work that offer both the BSW and MSW degrees.

Health Aspects Of Housing And Town Planning, Eric Giroult

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper presents an overview of those parameters that define health aspects of rural and urban housing. It begins with a brief historical account of the major preoccupations faced by those concerned with environmental health. It then examines how dwelling hygiene and safety can be ensured by accounting for biological, chemical, engineering and physical parameters that are relevant to human health and well-being in residential quarters. The author draws on his broad knowledge of studies funded and/or published by the World Health Organization to establish a range of principles that ought to be the goal for promoting health and well-being …

Relocation And Health Effects On The Elderly A Commented Research Review, Berth Danermark, Mats Ekstrom

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper summarizes and comments on the research on the relationship between relocation and morbidity/mortality among the elderly. In the present state of research there are not sufficient grounds for the drawing of general conclusions. On the other hand there is good reason for assuming that relocation under certain circumstances and for certain groups does lead to ill-health and to an increase in mortality. There is a lack of studies devoted to systematic investigation of the influence of such conditions. Various designs and methods have been used, and this reduces comparability. There is also a lack of theoretically guided empirical …

Factors In Urban Stress, Ian Burton

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper examines changing patterns of health, causes and effects of urban stress, and approaches to the management of stress.

The Role Of Regulation In The Control Of Housing Conditions, Roger Burridge, David Ormandy

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Historically the control of housing conditions was based upon a concern for the health of the community and was safeguarded by the enforced repair and improvement of substandard property. In the United Kingdom the high cost of repair eventually induced a policy based upon subsidy to both home owners and private landlords as the price of healthier housing. This paper outlines the process by which the legislative standards invoked to protect health were modified to distribute subsidy. In 1989 the standards are poised to become criteria for the measurement of poverty rather than the identification of unhealthy housing conditions. In …

Housing, Health And Well-Being: An International Perspective, Gregory Goldstein, Robert Novick, Morris Schaefer

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

At present around 1,000 million people live in grossly inadequate housing, and 100 million have no shelter whatsoever. Adverse trends in housing status and environmental conditions threaten the health and well-being of additional millions of people world-wide. The relationships between housing and health are reviewed, with an emphasis on the house structure, sanitation, pollution, and overcrowding. Possible approaches to improved housing and municipal planning are examined, and the key requirements include new policies of municipal and national governments, intersectoral coordination, the mobilization and "enabling" of communities, and strengthened environmental health services.

The Organization And Administration Of Korean Social Welfare: A Review Of The Literature, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

This paper is an effort to provide an overall view of the organization

and administration of Korean Social Welfare. It is based upon a literature

review of published materials on the subject in both Korean and English.

This study is part of a research initiative on East Asian social administration

at the West Virginia University School of Social Work. The basic effort is to

examine aspects of social administration in East Asian countries and

compare them with administrative practices in the Anglo-American tradition.

The paper was prepared with the assistance of two doctoral students.

Ms. Younock Kim and Mr. Sienam …

Effects Of Surgery On The Mental Status Of Older Persons. A Meta-Analytic Review, Arthur G. Cryns, Kevin M. Gorey, Marion Z. Goldstein

Social Work Publications

The data bases of 18 empirical studies were combined into one comprehensive data set and subjected to meta-analysis. The following trends were observed: (1) surgery has a significantly decompensating impact on the mental status of older persons, and the average effect size observed is modest (r = .37); (2) for all mental status measures included in the review (cognition, delirium and affect), effect size appears to be significantly moderated by patient age; (3) patient sex may be predictive of the kind of mental impairment that is most likely to occur within an older surgery population, with women manifesting a greater …

Issues Concerning The Internship Selection Process, Richard H. Dana

Regional Research Institute for Human Services

This article's study examines the issues concerning internship selection. Data was collected from 10 APA (America Psychological Association) accredited internship sites. Initial results suggest that the current process of internship selection is too costly for all participants. Computer based matching is suggested as a solution.

Stress And Social Support Of Parents With An Adult Mentally Retarded Child, Nancy Patricia Kropf

Theses and Dissertations

Parent-child caregiving is the most basic caregiving situation. However, parents who continue to provide care to an adult mentally retarded child have been an unexamined group of caregivers. This study compared stress levels and social support constellations among these caregivers and two other groups of parents.

The study tested two major hypotheses. Parents who were caregivers for an adult child with mental retardation were predicted to report higher stress levels and smaller social support constellations than the other groups. Two comparison groups were included in the study. One group was parents of an mentally retarded child who did not live …

Four Perspectives On Appalachian Culture And Poverty, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Poverty is as closely associated with the Appalachian region as coal mining and the hammer dulcimer. Appalachian poverty has seldom been portrayed simply as poverty, but as the expression and symbol of something larger. Images of poverty - poorly dressed, sooty, emaciated, barefooted, mostly white, rural children and adults beside cabin porches - are as closely associated with Appalachia as cowboy hats with the West or moss-covered trees and white-columned mansions with the Old South.

Experience Of Stigmatization And Discrimination Of Former Psychiatric Inpatients, Amy Rappaport

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

In our culture as well as other cultures, there are social norms that are prescribed and expected to be followed. If an individual does not act in accordance with these social norms, there are often consequences. In Edgerton's (1971) article, "Anthropology, Psychiatry, and Man's Nature," he states, "Sometimes, of course, the sanctions against deviant behavior are supernatural, consisting of immediate and horrible punishment by gods, spirits, ancestors or the like" (p. 45). In present day culture in the United States, the researcher contends that there are both traditional and modern belief systems that serve to ostracize the stigmatized deviant.

Quality Of Life For Persons With Disabilities, Akiie H. Ninomiya

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The praxis of Christian social work in Japan needs to find a new direction due to social changes such as industrialization and technological development. Liberation theology has been responding to the critical stance toward the existing order and identifying with new movements for emancipation and justice. This paper analyzes the ethics of liberation theology and adapts it to the real life situation of people with disabilities in Japan. Chapter I deals with liberation theology and its ethics concerned with disabilities. It defines the measurement of ethics as a quality of life, so that the ethics can be examined in context. …

Leisure Lifestyle And Perceived Social Support Of Older Adults In A Rural Environment, Elizabeth Dow Pittaway

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the leisure lifestyles of rural older adults and specifically to determine whether a relationship existed among leisure lifestyle, perceived social support, and well-being. Control variables included socio-demographic factors, value of leisure, satisfaction with life domains, length of residency, ethnicity, religion, and personal and structural barriers. The theoretical framework included social exchange theory and social support perspectives. A descriptive correlational research design was utilized and a mail survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to people 55 and older. Rural older adults spent more time on indoor leisure compared to outdoor …

Housing And Social Support For Current And Former Psychiatric Patients: A Process And Outcome Evaluation Of Supportive Community Living, Janice E. Mccarthy

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

In the current era of deinstitutionalization, community-based residential programs for people with chronic psychiatric disabilities have mushroomed in Canada and the United States. While many researchers have documented the beneficial effects of supportive housing programs on resident’s work productivity and length of community tenure, few evaluations have included an examination of resident’s housing environment and the quality of life in the community, particularly from the perspective of the residents themselves. This paper describes such an evaluation. The study’s first objective was to ascertain those housing environment characteristics that are most strongly related to residents’ perceived quality of life. To accomplish …