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Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
- Keyword
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- Identity (7)
- Africa (6)
- Ousmane Sembène (5)
- Postcolonialism (5)
- Violence (5)
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- Aesthetics (4)
- History (4)
- Subversion (4)
- Writing (4)
- Colonialism (3)
- Colonization (3)
- Film (3)
- Genocide (3)
- Madness (3)
- Memory (3)
- Negritude (3)
- Representation (3)
- Testimony (3)
- Women (3)
- African novel (2)
- Ahmadou Kourouma (2)
- Algeria (2)
- Alterity (2)
- Banlieue (2)
- Cameroon (2)
- Cinema (2)
- Crime (2)
- Discourse (2)
- Exile (2)
- Ferdinand Oyono (2)
Articles 1 - 30 of 65
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Qui Est Done « L'Homme De Barbès » ? Le Probleme Du « Nègre » De L'Écriture Migrante Dans Le Ventre De L'Atlantique De Fatou Diome, El Hadji Moustapha Diop
Qui Est Done « L'Homme De Barbès » ? Le Probleme Du « Nègre » De L'Écriture Migrante Dans Le Ventre De L'Atlantique De Fatou Diome, El Hadji Moustapha Diop
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This paper attempts to revisit the figure of "l'homme de Barbes" as a new form of invisible subalternity deeply inscribed within the texture of Fatou Diome's Le ventre de l'At/lntique, this landmark novel said to usher in a new era in migrant literature, at the intersection between the postcolonial and the transnational. In this respect, Diome's novel is indeed seminal, but from a geocritical perspective. Thus, I argue that the man of/from Barbès must be read as a figure greater than the sum of his narrative and discursive parts. Unlike the Parisian "black bazaar" tagged onto his persona, the "multiplicity …
Le Crépuscule De Boni Et Les Soleils De Kourouma : Questions De Réception Et De Préséance Dans La Littérature Francophone Africaine, Edgard Sankara
Le Crépuscule De Boni Et Les Soleils De Kourouma : Questions De Réception Et De Préséance Dans La Littérature Francophone Africaine, Edgard Sankara
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article analyzes the paradoxical eclipsis of Burkina Faso’s pionneer writer Nazi Boni by Ivorian writer Ahmadou Kourouma. Through a reception study and a rereading of Crépuscule des temps anciens, it demonstrates that Boni’s neglect and lack of success could be explained on one hand by the political stigma he suffered under President Maurice Yaméogo and on the other hand by stylistic errors in his work. Through a contrastive reception study of both authors (focused largely on Boni), the article establishes a connection among Nazi Boni, Ahmadou Kourouma and René Maran. It therefore concludes that Maran was indeed the true …
Villes Et Espaces Africains : Pour Une Géocritique En Contexte Postcolonial, Yves Clavaron
Villes Et Espaces Africains : Pour Une Géocritique En Contexte Postcolonial, Yves Clavaron
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
As for geocritics, postcolonial studies consider questions of representation according to a contextualizing approach, scrutinizing geogrophical and sociopolitical settings. This paper aims at studying methodological affinities between geocritics and postcolonialism in order to observe to what extent Bertrand Westphal’s approach could respond to a postcolonial context and allow for an interpretation of African space – mainly urban – in a few francophone novels by Mongo Beti, Bernard Dadié, Ahmadou Kourouma, Henri Lopes, Alain Mabanckou, Patrice Nganang and Tierno Monénembo.
L’Espace Géographique Et La Perspective Postcoloniale Chez Félix Couchoro (1900-1968), Laté Lawson-Hellu
L’Espace Géographique Et La Perspective Postcoloniale Chez Félix Couchoro (1900-1968), Laté Lawson-Hellu
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
The writing of Félix Couchoro, member of the first generation of the Francophone African writers, problematizes the historical, cultural, political and geographic background of the railway system built at the beginning of the twentieth century in Togo. In that problematizing, Félix Couchoro’s writing is in accordance with the geocritic principles as well as those of the postcolonial perspective. By putting those two perspectives together, however, in the reading of that writer’s work, one should go beyond the epistemological frame of the geocritic perspective itself, notably its use of the western postmodern paradigm of indetermination, when it comes to the Francophone …
Roman Féminin Africain : Pour Une Géocritique, Mbaye Diouf
Roman Féminin Africain : Pour Une Géocritique, Mbaye Diouf
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Based on novels published in the 2000s by Fatou Diome and Bessora, this article poses that in a postcolonial context marked by the intensification of population migration, as well as the international circulation of authors and the renewal of aesthetic categories, the current generation of female African novelists are constructing a new imaginary of space that resemanticizes textual territories through literary languages that are both unusual and personalized. Novels like Cyr@no or Le ventre de l’Atlantique rectify the real insular or urban topographies to which they refer by giving a connotated or new meaning to their own narrative, descriptive and …
Poétique De La Ville-Symptôme Dans Le Roman Maghrébin, Hassan Moustir
Poétique De La Ville-Symptôme Dans Le Roman Maghrébin, Hassan Moustir
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Postcolonial city is at the heart of maghrebian fictions so that it can be approached as a fundamental element of its particular poetics. In their novels Triptyque de Rabat and Le chien d’Ulysse, Khatibi and Bachi respectively link space as an explicative matrix of the national present and even of what goes beyond characters consciousness. This fact helps to understand the way history figures as a virtual paradigm coming down to space, sometimes threw separate facts, and being part of the personal perception of reality. The concept of reality itself becomes problematic regarding this endless past, we mean the impact …
Non-Lieux Dans Le Roman Africain Postcolonial Francophone : Formes Et Enjeux, Adama Coulibaly
Non-Lieux Dans Le Roman Africain Postcolonial Francophone : Formes Et Enjeux, Adama Coulibaly
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
In the postcolonial African novel, new places are appearing, next to or replacing the former prison site. They can validly be read as «non-places» whose presence and implications in texts must then be questioned. Attempting a literary re-appropriation of an anthropological notion, this contribution analyzes three novels whose fictions are built around places of transit (of non-places) such as hotel, road and... container. These three figures of the non-place call for a writing of horizontality, rhizome, ephemeral, spatial mobility that reactivate the question of the fictitious or moving identity of the African subject from space.
Portrait De L’Exclu Dans Le Lys Et Le Flamboyant D’Henri Lopes, Médard Bouazi
Portrait De L’Exclu Dans Le Lys Et Le Flamboyant D’Henri Lopes, Médard Bouazi
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
The author of Le lys et le flamboyant uses humor, metaphors and adjectives to represent a world in conflict, to show the impossible encounter of otherness (racial and cultural). Our contribution represents an attempt to show that this novel reflects a deep social distress, which is characterized by an environment where characters and speeches unfold a permanent contradiction. This text tries to account for the turmoil that marked the history of Africa through language as exploited by the novelist. Basically, the author makes an excluded character portrait.
Savoir Et Légitimation En Afrique. Ambroise Kom Et La Critique De L’Extraversion Théorique, Kasereka Kavwahirehi
Savoir Et Légitimation En Afrique. Ambroise Kom Et La Critique De L’Extraversion Théorique, Kasereka Kavwahirehi
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article has two main objectives: to show how Ambroise Kom raises the question of the legitimation of Knowledge in Francophone Africa and to present the way he proposes to the continent to overcome subalternity and theoretical extroversion in order to become its own center of production and legitimation of knowledge. The article also shows how Ambroise Kom, a cultural and literary critic, extends the tradition of African philosophers, mainly Mudimbe, Hountondji and Laleye, who, from 1970, put the issue of decolonization of the African discourse in the center of their work.
L’Écrivain Intellectuel Et Le Destin De L’Université Camerounaise, Jean Marie Wounfa
L’Écrivain Intellectuel Et Le Destin De L’Université Camerounaise, Jean Marie Wounfa
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This reflection is based on a corpus of narrative texts (novels and short stories) and on an eclectic approach which theoretical and methodological tools are borrowed from the comparatism, the institutional approach and the discourse analysis. The goal is to show that as a literary theme, the University strips off its pedestal and undergoes a more or less severe criticism under the pen of Cameroonian intellectual writers. Hence, its representation is marked with prejudgments, stereotypes and misconceptions that make the University a myth from which the writers free and engage themselves in a realistic representation of the university system. The …
L’Africain Et Le Paradigme De La Modernité. Que Devient L’Identité?, Yvette Balana
L’Africain Et Le Paradigme De La Modernité. Que Devient L’Identité?, Yvette Balana
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Questioning the african uniqueness within the academic field of identity forces us to investigate the ability of Africans to find a way out of a painful aporia between an adulterated tradition and an overwhelming totalitarian modernity. The latter, in Africa more than anywhere else, constitutes an obstacle to individual emancipation. Thus it raises today like yesterday, the imperative of a dual liberation without which Africa will be unable to construct an identity taking into account both alterity and anteriority.
La Bande Dessinée À L’Épreuve Du Génocide Au Rwanda : État Des Lieux Critique D’Un Mode D’Expression Original, Markus Arnold, Karel Plaiche
La Bande Dessinée À L’Épreuve Du Génocide Au Rwanda : État Des Lieux Critique D’Un Mode D’Expression Original, Markus Arnold, Karel Plaiche
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
20 years after the genocide of the Tutsis, one observes within the artistic production dealing with these traumatic events the presence of several comics (or bande dessinée). Yet is this specific mode of expression which often remains associated with lightness, humour and caricature capable to address in a credible fashion such delicate topics as pain, cruelty and death ? How do comics “translate” this 1994 tragedy for the purpose of critically raising awareness and providing memorial accounts while respecting the reader’s sensitivity ? Is there an “appropriate” depiction and where is the frontier between sensational, reliable and emotionally convincing portrayal …
L’Inscription Territoriale De La Peur Dans Le Roman Urbain Camerounais De Langue Française, Étienne-Marie Lassi
L’Inscription Territoriale De La Peur Dans Le Roman Urbain Camerounais De Langue Française, Étienne-Marie Lassi
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article analyzes the fictionalization of Cameroonian urban socio-political and geographical realities as well as the literary effects derived from the inclusion of real urban spaces in the novel. Based on the concepts of ecology of fear and existential territory, it shows that in Cameroon urban novels, the physical environment is a factor of instability of individuals and communities. It speculates that, in the novels studied, physical environment crystallizes political, social and psychological fears and anguish and presents itself as an important issue both in the interpretation of literary texts and in the resolution of postcolonial crises.
La « Langue Fantôme » : Une Présence Familière Dans L’Écriture – Présentation Du Poète Malek Alloula Suivie D’Un Entretien, Yamna Abdelkader-Chaldi.
La « Langue Fantôme » : Une Présence Familière Dans L’Écriture – Présentation Du Poète Malek Alloula Suivie D’Un Entretien, Yamna Abdelkader-Chaldi.
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
The evolution of Malek Alloula’s works, an important poet of Algerian literature whose first works date back to the sixties, is analyzed by Yamna Abdelkader. Afterwards, she interviews him on his poetic work and its relationship to language. The poet thus explains his writing ; how he composes his poetry in relation to the creative process ; his technique ; the influence of its cultural origins, and its relationship to language. In using the term “phantom language”, the poet refers to the haunting presence of the Arabic language spoken in Algeria, which, while unseen, has a major influence on his …
Géotropisme De Chamoiseau, Jean-Louis Cornille
Géotropisme De Chamoiseau, Jean-Louis Cornille
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
There seems to be a strange parallel between the vegetable kingdom in which Patrick Chamoiseau sets his Biblique des derniers gestes and the way the narrative is being played out. The mangrove, with its entangled roots and stems, constitutes a perfect image of the novel, whose multiple branches are no longer anchored in any reality or in a centralised system, but seem moved by a principle which we could call “bibliotropic”, since in Biblique one could easily find traces of Perse, García Márquez, Glissant, Césaire and even of Rabelais. But certain “stems” are more difficult to track within this dense …
Banlieues, Perspective Spatiale : Déterritorialisation Et Subjectivité Radicale Dans Banlieue Noire Et En Attendant Que Le Bus Explose De Thomté Ryam, Étienne-Marie Lassi
Banlieues, Perspective Spatiale : Déterritorialisation Et Subjectivité Radicale Dans Banlieue Noire Et En Attendant Que Le Bus Explose De Thomté Ryam, Étienne-Marie Lassi
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article studies the social process of the production of the banlieue as a space with a practical function and identifies some of the social itineraries that the young inhabitants of this marginal place can opt for. Using the concepts of territoriality and spatiality, it demonstrates that in Thomté Ryam’s novels, the banlieue is simultaneously a physical space and a social construct that works like a protection from the political power and a dominant public opinion portrayed as the forces of destiny.
« Banlieue Noire » : La Question Noire Dans La Littérature Urbaine Contemporaine, Stève Puig
« Banlieue Noire » : La Question Noire Dans La Littérature Urbaine Contemporaine, Stève Puig
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Just as the “beur” movement started to flourish in France in the 80’s and the 90’s, a new question has emerged in French society in the last decade: the “black question”, which deals with the place of Africans and Antilleans in French society today. At the same time, a new literary genre has emerged: urban literature, which largely tackles themes related to the presence of Afro-caribbean people in metropolitan France. This article seeks to analyze three urban novels which take place in France, and more specifically how characters situate themselves regarding their Frenchness as the French government attempted to redefine …
Violence, Altérité De L’Intérieur Et Citoyenneté De Seconde Zone, Hervé Tchumkam
Violence, Altérité De L’Intérieur Et Citoyenneté De Seconde Zone, Hervé Tchumkam
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article proposes an examination of violence in the French banlieues where riots erupted in the fall of 2005. Building on the observation that violence seems to have become the main determiner for banlieues inhabitants in the media and political discourses, the author scrutinizes Mohamed Razane’s Dit Violent (2006) in order to understand the status of young banlieue dwellers as outsiders within who are caught between second-class citizenship and exclusion from the French public political sphere. It is the contention of the author that the public construction of an enemy within imply shadows a socio-political reality, which is the invisibility …
Langue Et Identité Chez Leïla Sebbar. Vers Une Filiation Renégociée, Cécilia W. Francis
Langue Et Identité Chez Leïla Sebbar. Vers Une Filiation Renégociée, Cécilia W. Francis
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
In Je ne parle pas la langue de mon père (2003), L’arabe comme un chant secret (2010a), as well as in other components of her intimate prose, Leïla Sebbar reflects on her sense of dispossessed identity due to linguistic exile and an unknown heritage, resulting from ruptures in her paternal filiation. Drawing from the works of Jacques Derrida, Régine Robin and Simon Harel, which form the basis of our argumentation, we examine various dimensions of the severed parental bond. The article proposes to examine how Sebbar’s autobiographical writings, which incorporate scenarios dealing with legacy transmission expressed in terms of auditory …
Parades Banlieusardes. El Hadj De Mamadou Mahmoud N’Dongo Et Les Identités Criminelles, Hervé Tchumkam
Parades Banlieusardes. El Hadj De Mamadou Mahmoud N’Dongo Et Les Identités Criminelles, Hervé Tchumkam
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article aims at understanding the relation between crime and identity formations in the French banlieues, especially in the wake of the 2005 urban riots. The essay performs a reading Mamadou N’Dongo’s novel El Hadj at the intersection of aesthetics and politics in order to scrutinize identity formations and related debates at stake in the prisons of poverty and oppression that constitute the banlieues whose inhabitants are the third or fourth generation of the heirs to African immigration in France. Ultimately, the paper contention is that what I call “banlieue parade” stands out as the new model of identity that …
Hédi Bouraoui Et Les Limites De La Théorie Postcoloniale : Approche Transpoétique Et Nomadique, Éric Touya De Marenne
Hédi Bouraoui Et Les Limites De La Théorie Postcoloniale : Approche Transpoétique Et Nomadique, Éric Touya De Marenne
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
A priori, Hedi Bouraoui’s thought lies within the scope of a postcolonial perspective. However, the concept of “transpoétique” to which he alludes is based on the notion of “nomaditude” which asserts the blurring of cultural and identity borders. That is why beyond the “infernal binary” thought that he rejects (ruler / dominated, colonizer / colonized), the Tunisian and Canadian author puts in question the postcolonial approach. In this context, the aim of this study is to understand better how trans-poetics can allow us to conceive differently the theoretical foundations of francophone literary criticism.
Quels Écrivains Francophones Pour Quelles Normes ?, Daniel Delas
Quels Écrivains Francophones Pour Quelles Normes ?, Daniel Delas
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
With the benefit of historical hindsight, the rise of endogenous linguistic norms, justified in literary practices, can be reassessed. The firstg eneration of African writers such as Camara Laye and Léopold Sédar Senghor, because of their normative educational background, favoured exogenous French standards in their writing. Yet, Kourouma’s fiction is a turning point which initiated new literary practices, borrowing much from ordinary ways of speaking. Does it mean that French in Africa now follows endogenous norms? Without vouching for it, one can at least state the importance of recognizing African literature in French as a major form of expression.
La Poésie Hors-Normes De Mohamed Hmoudane Ou L’Art De La Provocation, Yamna Abdelkader
La Poésie Hors-Normes De Mohamed Hmoudane Ou L’Art De La Provocation, Yamna Abdelkader
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Poetry is often understood as a series of deviations from linguistic norms, but Mohamed Hmoudane’s collections appear to be a systematic subversive strategy against both aesthetic conventions and prevailing assumptions about Eastern and Western identitarian categories. Published between 2003 and 2005, the works entitled Attentat, incandescence and Blanche mécanique avert poetic clichés as they invert cultural stereotypes, taking a most satirical stance toward the state of the world at the dawn of a new millenium. The pervasive sense of detachment resulting from Hmoudane’s satirical tendencies is associated with a poetics of excess, and this paradoxical union serves as a powerful …
Beyala Et Le Plagiat : Gary, Buten Et Walker Pourvoyeurs De Textes, Kisito Hona
Beyala Et Le Plagiat : Gary, Buten Et Walker Pourvoyeurs De Textes, Kisito Hona
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
If the name of Calixthe Beyala seems to be linked to controversial issues, it is also because she was repeatedly suspected and accused of plagiarism. One of these accusations led to her condemnation by the tribunal of Paris on May 7th, 1996. The purpose of this article consists not only in recapitulating the facts, but also, in capitalizing on them to study the phenomenon of plagiarism in general and the specifi c aspects which it takes with this writer.
Calixte Beyala Ou La Réécriture De La Littérature Coloniale Française, Frieda Ekotto
Calixte Beyala Ou La Réécriture De La Littérature Coloniale Française, Frieda Ekotto
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This article shows how Calixthe Beyala, in Le petit prince de Belleville (1992) and Maman a un amant (1993), presents the character of the child as producer of sociopolitical and historical discourse. By using the child as narrator, Beyala rewrites the colonial literature of the interwar period extending from Francis Carco to Mac Orlan from a less noble perspective. As producer of certain racist discourses, the child is singled out as the one who represents life and assures the future of the community.
Enjeux Du Message Anticolonialiste En Métropole Dans Les Années 1950 : La Critique Journalistique De Trois Romans De Mongo Beti Et De Ferdinand Oyono, Vivan Steemers
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
This paper examines the effectiveness of the anticolonialist message in three novels published in 1956 by two Cameroonian writers -- Mongo Beti and Ferdinand Oyono-- by analyzing in particular their reception by French metropolitan reviewers. African writers of the 1950s depended exclusively on the metropolitan literary institutions and authorities for their recognition, i.e. the publishing houses and press of the colonial power. Mongo Beti and Ferdinand Oyono were among the first francophone African novelists to criticize the colonial regime. Nevertheless, important differences exist in the Africanist discourse of the critics who reviewed the novels when they were first published. We …
Images De Femmes: Une H/Histoire De La France En Algérie À Travers Les Carnets D’Orient De Jacques Ferrandez, Carla Calargé
Images De Femmes: Une H/Histoire De La France En Algérie À Travers Les Carnets D’Orient De Jacques Ferrandez, Carla Calargé
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
My article analyses the representation of women in the Carnets d’Orient, a graphic novel series that tells the (hi)story of Algeria since its colonial conquest by the French army until its independence in 1962. I argue that the representation of women in the series varies not only according to the periods represented in the work, but also and more importantly according to the evolution that took place in the author himself while working on the series. the essay is organized in three parts according to three historical periods. The first period is that of the colonial conquest of Algeria (1830-1872) …
Enquêtes Occultistes : Les Policiers Antillais Face Au Surnaturel, Françoise Cévaër
Enquêtes Occultistes : Les Policiers Antillais Face Au Surnaturel, Françoise Cévaër
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Being rational and Cartesian, the detective novel is often bound by powerful constraints which seem not very compatible with the supernatural and the fantastic often defining West Indian writing. Through the analysis of Martinican Patrick Chamoiseau’s Solibo Magnifique (1988) and Haitian Gary Victor’s Les cloches de la Brésilienne (2006), we will nevertheless see how well they work together, the irrational taking hold of the detective novel, leading paradoxically to the progressive elimination of Cartesian practices and challenging an exclusively rational portrayal of the world.
Pugnacité Et Pouvoir: La Représentation Des Femmes Dans Les Fi Lms D’Ousmane Sembène, Sheila Petty
Pugnacité Et Pouvoir: La Représentation Des Femmes Dans Les Fi Lms D’Ousmane Sembène, Sheila Petty
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
As a pioneer of African fi lmmaking, Ousmane Sembène has demonstrated a remarkable dedication to exploring the importance of women in African society. From the struggle against colonial oppression by Diouana in La Noire de… (1966) at the beginning of his career, to the character of Kiné and her struggle to build a life for her children in postcolonial Senegal in Faat Kiné (2000), Sembène has portrayed African women as agents of change and courage in their societies. This essay explores women’s representations in two fi lms from Sembène’s oeuvre, including Black Girl (1966) and Faat Kine (2000). Using narrative …
Du Néoréalisme En Afrique: Une Relecture De Borom Sarret, Sada Niang
Du Néoréalisme En Afrique: Une Relecture De Borom Sarret, Sada Niang
Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature
Critical evaluations of African cinema have tended in the past to confi ne the analysis of this corpus to its content. In books and articles published earlier, the colonial and postcolonial history of the continent abound, social dramas are explained at length, thefts at all levels, cultural mystifi cation, corruption as well as violence are amply described. The insights of such an approach notwithstanding, the aesthetic sources of African cinema are not limited to the rural and the traditional. Through a comparison of Vittorio De Sica Bicycle Thief and Sembène’s Borom Sarret, this paper argues that african cinema inserted itself …