Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Investigating The Effects Of Stress On Cognitive And Emotional Moral Decision Making, Jessica Adams, Andrea Frankenstein, James Alabisa, Tyler Robinson, Tracy Alloway, Lori Lange

Human Factors and Applied Psychology Student Conference

The dual-process theory accounts for how moral judgments are made: personal emotional dilemmas and impersonal cognitive dilemmas (Greene, 2007). In the Fisher and Ravizza (1992) Trolley Problem personal dilemma, you stop a runaway trolley and save all the workmen by pushing and killing one person on the tracks. In the Trolley Problem impersonal dilemma, you divert a runaway trolley and save all the workmen by throwing a switch and diverting the trolley killing one person on the tracks. In support of the dual-process theory, brain imaging research has demonstrated that brain regions linked with emotion (e.g., amygdala) are activated during …

Individual Differences In Working Memory Capacity And Reading Comprehension Of Electronic Texts, Jenny A. Walker, Thomas R. Redick

Human Factors and Applied Psychology Student Conference

Technology is unquestionably changing the nature of education. Computers, tablets, e-readers, and cell phones are rapidly replacing print text and handwritten notes. These devices are not only the dominating sources of communication in current society; they also represent a connecting point between information and the minds of modern students. The term working memory refers to the immediate, transitory processing and storage that takes place as an individual completes higher-order cognitive tasks. Working memory has a clear relationship with learning, reasoning, and comprehension in the classroom (Baddeley, 1992). However, each individual has a working memory capacity (WMC) which limits how much …

A Conceptual Model Of Transfer Of Training Via Virtual Environments, Nathan A. Sonnenfeld, Matthew Meyers

Human Factors and Applied Psychology Student Conference

A Conceptual Model of Transfer of Training via Virtual Environments Sonnenfeld, N.A., & Meyers, M. Presentation

A review of Transfer of Training (ToT) literature over the last several decades reveals both significant advancements and gaps in our conceptualization of the transfer process and its contributing factors - especially in the domain of training via the use of virtual environments. Updating our current model of the transfer of training process is necessary to ensure adequate preparation for personnel operating in extreme environments - particularly for those training for small unit operations in dynamic environments for extended periods of time - such …

Presence In Virtuality > Reality | Review & Commentary, Matthew Meyers, Nathan A. Sonnenfeld

Human Factors and Applied Psychology Student Conference

Presence In Virtuality > Reality | Review & Commentary Meyers, M., & Sonnenfeld, A. Presentation

It has been demonstrated in previous literature that participants may feel more present in virtuality than in reality. Why is this? Our team of researchers propose that this phenomenon neither suggest invalidity in both objective and subjective presence measurement - nor invalidity of the construct itself. Presence, as the experience of being in an environment, is refined in our review from insight gained from three psychological schools of thought which have conflicted for over twenty years. Just as our definitions of presence evolved over the last …

Using Debated Definitions Of Affordances For A Qualitative Discussion Of Campus Affordances, Daphne Kopel, Valerie K. Sims

Human Factors and Applied Psychology Student Conference

The goal of human factors is to examine and improve the relationship between individuals and their environment. This presentation will be a qualitative review and discussion of everyday environmental cues and affordances located around the University of Central Florida campus. The goal will be to discuss the relationship between the design of perceptual affordances and the user’s interpretation of the object's intention. In general, affordances explain how perception guides an individual to respond to an object or situation. The theory of affordances is widely debated in the literature. As a result, two definitions of affordances will be compared and contrasted. …

Effects Of Various Texting Engagement Levels On Recall, Katlin Anglin, Rachel M. Cunningham, Fawaaz Diljohn, Jayde King, Youngjun Kim

Human Factors and Applied Psychology Student Conference

Text messaging is a popular mode of communication for current college students, which is a concern due to its association with decreasing academic performance in a classroom environment. This study examined the effects of texting engagement level on learning. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University students (n=74) were shown four, one-minute lecture videos and given a quiz after each video regarding the content, which tested recall accuracy. The participants were randomly assigned to three testing engagement conditions: No texting, Low Engagement texting, and High Engagement texting. By varying the type of responses to be generated and texted, we evaluated whether the higher engagement …

Team Interaction Dynamics During Collaborative Problem Solving, Travis J. Wiltshire, Stephen M. Fiore Ph.D.

Human Factors and Applied Psychology Student Conference

The need for better understanding collaborative problem solving (CPS) is rising in prominence as many organizations are increasingly addressing complex problems requiring the combination of diverse sets of individual expertise to address novel situations. This research draws from theoretical and empirical work that describes the knowledge coordination arising from team communications during CPS and builds from this by incorporating methods to study interaction dynamics. Interaction between team members in such contexts is inherently dynamic and exhibits nonlinear patterns not accounted for by extant research methods. To redress this gap, the present study draws from methods designed to study social and …

Interpreting Electroencephalography Output For Error-Related Negativity, Jenny A. Walker, Peter A. Hancock, Petros Xanthopoulos, Waldemar Karwowski, Ben D. Sawyer

Human Factors and Applied Psychology Student Conference

While individuals complete cognitively demanding tasks under time pressure, the physical action of reporting a mistake may be difficult. It is possible to curtail this issue using error recognition signals in the brain, known as error-related negativity (ERN). When an individual is aware of his or her mistake, an electroencephalography (EEG) system can recognize the event in as few as 150ms (Vi & Subramanian, 2012). One issue is that ERN information is traditionally collected using cumbersome equipment and complex analysis. The goal of this study is to examine if the process can be simplified for use in applied settings. We …

Qualitative And Quantitative Analyses Of Drivers’ Attitudes Towards General Usability Of Smart Technology Specific To The Secondary Task Of Texting While Driving, Indira Maharaj

Human Factors and Applied Psychology Student Conference

Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of Drivers’ Attitudes Towards General Usability of Smart Technology Specific to the Secondary Task of Texting While Driving

Indira Maharaj

Florida Institute of Technology

The purpose of this study was to assess the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the drivers’ attitudes towards general usability of smart technology specific to the secondary task of texting while driving for University students, age 18-35, at the Florida Institute of Technology main Campus in Melbourne, Florida. A mixed methods research design was utilized to gather data. The qualitative data was measured using content analysis, and the quantitative data was measured …

Predicting Mobile Mental Telehealth Usability Based On Individual Differences, Alexis R. Dewar, Nicole Crossland, Angelica Whiteley, Tyler P. Bull, Michael A. Rupp, Jessica R. Michaelis, James L. Szalma

Human Factors and Applied Psychology Student Conference

Due to the increased need for the delivery of successful mental health interventions in special populations (i.e., military personnel, rural populations, aging populations, etc.), mobile mental telehealth applications have been developed to supplement patient-practitioner interaction. While there is a great deal of work on both patient and practitioner satisfaction with mobile mental telehealth devices, little is known about the influence of individual differences on user perceptions of usability and usefulness. The present study seeks to better predict the usability of mobile mental telehealth applications by drawing from the Technology Acceptance Model (Davis & Venkatesh, 1996; Venkatesh & Davis, 2000; Venkatesh, …

Automation Reliability And Performance Detection Using Two Systems Of The Multi-Attribute Task Battery, Brianna Alex

Human Factors and Applied Psychology Student Conference

With the advancements of new and emerging technology in the modern cockpit, it is important to understand the effect of these enhancements on performance. Our research seeks to examine both the effect of display type and reliability level on an operator’s performance. The goals of this research are to evaluate and compare the new MATB-II to the original MATB, as well as to further investigate the effect of reliability level in a automated aviation environment.

In the current study, we empirically test the impact of a specified reliability level on performance for a controlled and modernistic automated aviation task. Previous …

Low Fidelity Flight Simulation In Collegiate Aviation, Vladimir N. Risukhin

Aviation / Aeronautics / Aerospace International Research Conference

Aviation college pilot training programs, lessons and exercises contain portions that do not require training in sophisticated and highly expensive full flight simulators and flight training devices (FTD) with high fidelity of simulation, or in real aircraft flights. Relatively inexpensive personal-computer-based flight simulation facilities named low fidelity simulators (LFS) can boost development of aircraft pilots’ cognitive and behavioral skills. The paper attempts to reveal how the LFS can support aviation college flight training and research activities. In the Western Michigan University College of Aviation, peer mentoring technique proven to be helpful in higher education institutions has been applied to flight …

Human Factors Considerations In Autonomous Lethal Unmanned Aerial Systems, Kristine Kiernan

Aviation / Aeronautics / Aerospace International Research Conference

The United States military is committed to the development of complete autonomy in unmanned vehicles, including armed unmanned aerial systems (UAS). The design and deployment of autonomous lethal UAS raises ethical issues that have implications for human factors. System design, procedures, and training will be impacted by the advent of autonomous lethal UAS. This paper will define relevant vocabulary, review the literature on robot ethics as it applies to the military setting, discuss various perspectives in the research community, address levels of UAS autonomy, and discuss implications for operator training, responsibility, and human-machine interaction. Familiarity with these ethical issues and …