Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Using Satellites To Map The Urban Heat Island Effect And Using Products To Generate Public Action In Harrisonburg, Trevor Brooks, Timothy A. Kreps

ASPIRE 2023

The Urban Heat Island effect (UHI) is a phenomenon where urban centers are hotter than their surrounding rural counterparts. Ever since it was first discovered there have been a variety of methods of mapping this effect from using terrestrial sensors to satellites. This study attempts to evaluate different mapping methods, specifically two different satellite methods (ECOSTRESS and MODIS). As well as a community driven mapping method that involved terrestrial sensors attached to cars. This study then discusses remedies to the UHI and documents efforts to remedy it through a partnership between researchers, the community, and the city of Harrisonburg as …

Healthcare Facilities: Maintaining Accessibility While Implementing Security, Ryan Vilter

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

In the wake of the Tulsa, Oklahoma hospital shooting in the summer of 2022, it was made clear that more security needed to be implemented in healthcare facilities. As a result, I inquired: What is the happy balance for healthcare facilities to maintain their accessibility to the public while also implementing security measures to prevent terrorist attacks? With that base, I give recommendations in the areas of cybersecurity, physical infrastructure, and physical and mental health, based off the existing literature and data gathered from terrorist attacks against hospitals over several decades.

Partnering To Advance Equity In Coastal Resilience: Lessons Learned For Research And Practice Collaborations For On-The-Ground Projects, Marina Saitgalina, Jennifer Whytlaw, Nicole Hutton, Tom Allen, Joshua Behr, Wie Yusuf

Presentations, Lectures, Posters, Reports

No abstract provided.

Carbon Farming: A Preliminary Economic Analysis Of Carbon Credits For No-Till And Cover Crops, Drew Havens, Richard K. Perrin, Lilyan E. Fulginiti

Cornhusker Economics

Summary Based on experimental data about the amount of carbon sequestered and estimated implementation costs, our preliminary results show that the average cost of sequestering carbon via no-till (about $22 per ton of CO₂e) appears to be much lower than the $51 per ton social value of sequestering that ton. In contrast, our preliminary results show that the average costs of sequestration via adoption of cover crops is much higher, about $60 per ton. Depending on how accurate soil carbon models are in predicting sequestration on individual fields to qualify them for enrollment, reimbursement costs for planting cover …

Advancing An Agenda For Social Equity And Coastal Resilience Through A Multi-Sectoral, Multi-Disciplinary And Applied Research Lens, Wie Yusuf, Marina Saitgalina, Jennifer Whytlaw, Nicole Hutton, Tom Allen, Joshua Behr

Presentations, Lectures, Posters, Reports

No abstract provided.

Impacts Of Cutting-Edge Artificial Intelligence On Economic Research Paradigm, Yongmiao Hong, Shouyang Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Ecological And Environmental Changes And Protection Measures Of Lakes In China, Ganlin Zhang, Xiaohong Gu, Tao Zhao, Yunlin Zhang, Ligang Xu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Lakes (including artificial reservoirs) are important surface water resources, and they are also an important part of the earth surface system consisting of "mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, grassland and desert". Based on the lake survey data and long-term monitoring data collected by the Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences as well as other institutions, this paper systematically analyzed the overall status and long-term trends of the ecological and environmental changes of natural and artificial lakes in China, focused on the ecological and environmental status and changes of typical lakes in the five major lake zones …

Achievement Of Wetland Protection And Restoration And Development Strategies In China, Hui Zhu, Haitao Wu, Xiaoxu Xing, Tian Xie, Changchun Song, Guodong Wang, Ming Jiang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Wetland provides various ecological functions, and wetland protection and restoration directly affect national security, sustainability of economy and society, as well as human well-being. This study has systematically summarized the current status of wetland resource and the achievement of wetland protection in China, and the conclusions will provide scientific support for the policy making in wetland protection and management. The area of wetland in China was 41.2×104 km2 based on remote sensing monitoring in 2020, which lead the first in Asia. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the area of wetland has showed a …

Mountain Protection And Mountain Development In China: Review And Prospect, Anbang Wen, Qing Tang, Chaojun Ouyang, Bo Zhu, Yukuan Wang, Ainong Li, Shuai Li, Wanze Zhu, Lijun Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

China is a large mountainous country in the world, where the mountainous area is about two-thirds of the land area. In the past ten years, the coverage rate of mountain forest and grass vegetation has increased by 8.2%, the average value of mountain green coverage index has reached 82.1%, and vegetation coverage has reached the highest value since the founding of the People's Republic of China; The area of water and soil erosion has decreased by 275 000 square kilometers, and the annual soil erosion in mountainous areas has decreased by 27%. At present, the backbone system of mountain ecological …

Changes And Protection Suggestions In Water Resources And Ecological Environment In Arid Region Of Northwest China, Yaning Chen, Zhongqin Li, Jianhua Xu, Yanjun Shen, Xiaoxu Xing, Tian Xie, Zhi Li, Linshan Yang, Haiyan Xi, Chenggang Zhu, Gonghuan Fang, Jianhua Si, Yuanming Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The arid region of Northwest China is one of the driest regions in the world and is characterized with severe water scarcity. Water shortage is the most critical natural factor limiting the high-quality economic and social development and ecological security in the arid region of Northwest China. Based on the long-term monitoring data from the field stations of Chinese Academy of Sciences, observation data of meteorological stations, water resources bulletin and the remote sensing data, this study systematically analyzes the basic characteristics of water resources and ecological environment in the arid region of Northwest China, assesses the changing trends of …

Past Achievements And Future Strategies Of Eco-Environmental Construction In Mega Urban Agglomerations In Eastern China, Lina Tang, Ting Lan, Xiaoxu Xing, Tian Xie, Weifeng Li, Chuanglin Fang, Yanni Cao, Yaoyang Xu, Dingkai Chen, Lin Wang, Zhifeng Wu, Zhibang Xu, Weiqi Zhou

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Yangtze River Delta, and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area are the three largest urban agglomerations in China, and have been increasingly becoming the core engines of China's economic growth. Nevertheless, rapid regional urbanization accompanying high-intensity human activities has also brought enormous social and environmental pressure in these urban agglomerations, posing a grand challenge to urban and regional sustainability. This study conducts a cross-urban agglomeration comparison of the ecological and environmental changes over the past two decades. Using a combination of remotely sensed data, in-situ monitoring data, and environmental statistic data, the changes in four dimensions are quantified, namely …

Strategies For Achieving Agriculture Carbon Peak And Carbon Neutrality In China Based On View Of Biogeochemical Cycle, Shiqi Yang, Xin Yan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Biogeochemical cycle is the basic theory of matter (elements) flow among atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and lithosphere, which provides important guidance to achieving the national goal of agriculture carbon peak (ACP) and agriculture carbon neutrality (ACN). As a basic industry, agriculture has large-scale temporal and spatial influence on the greenhouse effect, hence great importance should be attached to ACP and ACN in order to assist the overall strategy of achieving national carbon peak and neutrality. Based on the view of biogeochemical cycle and connotations of ACP and ACN, this article analyzes the paths to achieve ACP and ACN, and discusses the …

Enlightenment From Studies On Carbon Neutral Strategies Of Uk, Lanchun Li, Wei Chen, Fang Yue, Yun Tang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The UK is a proponent and pioneer of carbon neutral strategic actions. In-depth analysis and comparison of the characteristics of the carbon neutral policy system between China and the UK will be of reference value for China to promote the deployment of carbon neutral actions. Based on content analysis and grounded theory method, the "3MS" analysis framework of macro-strategy, medium skeleton and microstructure are designed and put forward, and the overall text and logical characteristics of its policy are summarized. Research shows that at the overall level, the UK has basically formed the policy system of "1+1+N+X" for carbon neutrality …

Thoughts And Suggestions On Oasis Ecological Construction And Agricultural Development In Hexi Corridor, Wenzhi Zhao, Heng Ren, Jun Du, Rong Yang, Qiyue Yang, Hu Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Oasisization is an external manifestation of the temporal and spatial evolution of oasis in arid areas, and the regional water carrying capacity is the key to restricting oasis agriculture and ecological protection in arid areas. The Hexi Corridor is not only an important passage from the east to the west in China, but also an important carrier of regional development; it is not only an important ecological barrier in Northwest China, but also a typical irrigated agricultural area. After more than 60 years of construction, the Hexi Corridor has made remarkable achievements in social progress, traffic conditions, ecological construction and …

Analysis Of Germany’S Experience On Development Of Biosphere Reserves And Suggestions To China, Yijie Xian, Ning Liu, Na Qiao, Qiang Fang, Qunli Han, Ding Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Germany has integrated biosphere reserves into the national strategy of sustainable development, and has built an outstanding biosphere reserve system nationwide, which has played a key role in maintaining the stability of ecosystem, exploring sustainable use of natural resources, innovating social development models, prospering local economies and providing an important platform to carry out comprehensive research on human and nature relationship. The experience of Germany includes:long and solid accumulation in the development of protected areas; deep understanding from authorities and the folk of the concept of Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) and the value of biosphere reserves, and more …

Enhancement Of Coastal Blue Carbon: Concepts, Techniques, And Future Suggestions, Guangxuan Han, Weimin Song, Yuan Li, Leilei Xiao, Mingliang Zhao, Xiaojing Chu, Baohua Xie

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The blue carbon function and carbon sequestration potential of coastal ecosystems, such as salt marshes, mangroves and seagrass beds, have emerged as one of the long-term solutions to mitigate global climate change. However, the blue carbon sequestration technology has been neglected in most ecological protection and restoration projects of coastal ecosystems. Besides, in the process of project implementation and management, the dynamic monitoring and systematic evaluation of carbon sink are imperfect. This study proposes the concept of enhancement of coastal blue carbon, focusing on four key technologies of soil carbon emission reduction technology, plant carbon sequestration technology, soil microbial carbon …

Status Quo Of Research And Suggestions On Reduction Of Non-Co2 Greenhouse Gas Emission From Chinese Farmland, Guangbin Zhang, Jing Ma, Hua Xu, Xiaoyuan Yan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is of great significance for controlling global warming. In 2014, the CH₄ and N₂O emissions from farmland accounted for 4.3% of the total GHG emissions in China. After the carbon peak target in 2030, fossil energy in China will be gradually replaced by clean energy, and then the contribution of CH₄ and N₂O emissions from farmland will be enlarged, leaving that the urgency and importance of emission reduction becomes increasingly prominent. However, available technologies of emission mitigation have not been fully adopted and promoted due to the …

Ecological Impacts Of Climate Change And Adaption Strategies, Xinru Wan, Chaoyuan Cheng, Defeng Bai, Zhibin Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In 2022, The United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) of Climate Change 2022:Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability and China Meteorological Administration issued China Climate Chang Blue Book (2022). This paper presents a brief summary of the assessment report on the ecological impacts of climate change and adaption strategies, and related studies of China by reviewing additional literature. The AR6 report and related studies indicate that the ecological impacts of climate warming are significant, including advancement of phenology, extension of plant growing season; species range shift towards high latitude or elevation, tree line moving …

The Santa Clara, 2023-03-17, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Ecohydrology, Cultural Perceptions, And Recovery Of Freshwater Wetlands In A Heavily Managed Urban Aquifer, Jessica Ashley Balerna

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Freshwater wetlands provide essential ecosystem services that influence, and are influenced by, human perceptions and behaviors. I explore these feedbacks in the Tampa Bay region, which hosts numerous freshwater wetlands subjected to population increases, economic growth, and shifting management policies. These wetlands are embedded in urban and residential areas, where people can observe and respond to changes in wetland condition over time. I utilized long-term (1991–2018), high sample size (n=152) datasets to assess how wetland inundation responds to the interactive effects of climate variation and shifts in water conservation policies primarily related to cutbacks in groundwater extraction. As wetland ecosystem …

Powerpoint - Post-Planting Biodiversity Inventory, Center For Urban Resilience

Module 10: Garden Ecology

No abstract provided.

Lesson Plan - Post-Planting Biodiversity Inventory, Center For Urban Resilience

Module 10: Garden Ecology

The purpose of this lesson is to conduct post-planting biodiversity inventories

Powerpoint - Attracting Pollinators, Center For Urban Resilience

Module 10: Garden Ecology

No abstract provided.

Information About Historical Emissions Drives The Division Of Climate Change Mitigation Costs, Alessandro Del Ponte, Aidas Masiliūnas, Noah Lim

Political Science Faculty Articles and Research

Despite worsening climate change, the international community still disagrees on how to divide the costs of mitigation between developing countries and developed countries, which emitted the bulk of historical carbon emissions. We study this issue using an economic experiment. Specifically, we test how information about historical emissions influences how much participants pay for climate change mitigation. In a four-player game, participants are assigned to lead two fictional countries as members of either the first or the second generation. The first generation produces wealth at the expense of greater carbon emissions. The second generation inherits their predecessor’s wealth and negotiates how …

Chatgpt As Metamorphosis Designer For The Future Of Artificial Intelligence (Ai): A Conceptual Investigation, Amarjit Kumar Singh (Library Assistant), Dr. Pankaj Mathur (Deputy Librarian)

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this research paper is to explore ChatGPT’s potential as an innovative designer tool for the future development of artificial intelligence. Specifically, this conceptual investigation aims to analyze ChatGPT’s capabilities as a tool for designing and developing near about human intelligent systems for futuristic used and developed in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Also with the helps of this paper, researchers are analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of ChatGPT as a tool, and identify possible areas for improvement in its development and implementation. This investigation focused on the various features and functions of ChatGPT that …

Using Game Theory To Model Tripolar Deterrence And Escalation Dynamics, Grace Farson

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

The study investigated how game theory can been utilized to model multipolar escalation dynamics between Russia, China, and the United States. In addition, the study focused on analyzing various parameters that affected potential conflict outcomes to further new deterrence thought in a tripolar environment.

A preliminary game theoretic model was created to model and analyze escalation dynamics. The model was built upon framework presented by Zagare and Kilgour in their work ‘Perfect Deterrence’. The model is based on assumptions and rules set prior to game play. The model was then analyzed based upon these assumptions using a form of mathematical …

Towards Meaningful Research And Engagement: Indigenous Knowledge Systems And Great Lakes Governance, Deborah Mcgregor, Nicole Latulippe, Rod Whitlow, Kristi Leora Gansworth, Lorrilee Mcgregor, Stephanie Allen

Articles & Book Chapters

For thousands of years, Indigenous peoples governed their relations in the Great Lakes region, guided by distinct political, legal, governance, and knowledge systems. Despite historic and ongoing exclusion of Indigenous peoples from Great Lakes governance in the Canadian context and other assaults on Indigenous sovereignty, authority, jurisdiction and responsibilities, Indigenous peoples have maintained their relationships with the Great Lakes. In recent years, Indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) have made inroads in Great Lakes governance, thanks primarily to First Nation political advocacy. However, it remains a challenge to include Indigenous knowledge and implement approaches that bridge Indigenous and Western ways of knowing. …

All Things Being Equal (Not): Undergraduate Research Mentoring Of Black Males In Stem, Joni Schwartz

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Recycling In The Mountain West, Zachary Billot, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Environment

This fact sheet synthesizes data on rates of recycling from the March 2021 report "50 States of Recycling," sponsored by the Ball Corporation.The information presented in this document focuses on the effectiveness of recycling in total and by recyclable item, as well as the quantity of product recycled specifically within the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah.

Climate Change And Environmental Justice, Clement Loo

Environmental Studies Publications

This chapter provides a broad overview of the relationship between climate change and environmental justice. It provides (1) a brief review of the concept of environmental justice, (2) discussion about how environmental justice applies to climate change, and (3) several examples of how environmental justice has been integrated into climate governance.