Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Front Matter, Coalition For Education In The Outdoors (Ceo)

Research in Outdoor Education

The Coalition for Education in the Outdoors initiated a Research Task Force in 1990 with the purpose of supporting the conduct of research in the field and the dissemination of the results. The symposium at Bradford Woods and these proceedings offer evidence of the success of this task force. At the first symposium in 1992, there was general agreement that the symposium be a regular occurrence. The 1994 and 1996 Symposia and these Proceedings are indicators of the Coalition's continued support of research in outdoor education. Information on future events will be available through the Coalition office.

This article includes …

Outdoor Education And Spirituality, Tom Smith

Research in Outdoor Education

The question at hand is that of researching the impact of outdoor recreational and educa­tional experiences on the spiritual development of the individual. I approach that question from the perspective of a facilitator of personal growth who has long advocated the methodolo­gies considered as experiential outdoor/chal­lenge/adventure education.

Outdoor Education And The Schools, Bert Horwood

Research in Outdoor Education

The research reported to gatherings spon­sored by the Coalition for Education in the Out­doors has had relatively little connection with school-based outdoor education. In this paper, I will explore the potentially fruitful interface between education in the outdoors and the schools. The exploration is influenced by the uncertainty of our times, and I have organized this report to reflect two views. One is that the social ferment of the mid-1990s is normal and that we can continue to conduct research in the way that Kuhn (1974) characterized as "normal science." The second view is that the social fab­ric of the …

Person-Place Engagement Among Recreation Visitors, Iris B. Wilson

Research in Outdoor Education

Leaders of groups participating in experien­tial programs in the outdoors, particularly in backcountry expeditions, can increase group management effectiveness and enhance personal benefit to participants by taking into account the various modes in which individuals engage themselves with the physical setting.

Responsible Environmental Behavior: Metaphoric Transference Of Minimum-Impact Ideology, J. Porter Hammitt, Wayne A. Freimund

Research in Outdoor Education

This abstract represents a thesis research project that studied changes in National Outdoor Leadership School (NOLS) students' attitudes, intentions, and behavior, as they pertain to the environment, resulting from participation in NOLS' Wind River Wilderness course. It was hypothesized that an increase in these concerns would result from the metaphoric transference of minimum-impact ideology to daily life. Prominent theories from the fields of social psychology and environmental education relating attitudes, intentions, behavior, and other considerations were incorporated into the theo­retical framework of the study.

Providing An Authentic Wilderness Experience? Thinking Beyond The Wilderness Act Of 1964, William T. Borrie, Joseph W. Roggenbuck

Research in Outdoor Education

Six facets of a wilderness experience are suggested (oneness, humility, primitiveness, timelessness, soli­tude, and care) based on the writings of wilderness philosophers such as Henry David Thoreau and John Muir. In structuring our lessons in wilderness, we could do well to broaden our notion of wilderness be- yond the Wilderness Act.

Ethical Frameworks, Moral Practices And Outdoor Education, Karen M. Fox, Mick Lautt

Research in Outdoor Education

Discoveries and insights from quantum physics and chaos theory help create new metaphors about. ethical frameworks and moral practices in outdoor education. Using concepts such as fractals, fields, and strange attractors, we explore new ways to view research results, scholarly writings, and creative endeavors related to outdoor education. In addition, we evaluate four themes related to the present ethical discourse in outdoor education and sketch new directions for moral practice.

Group Development And Group Dynamics In Outdoor Education, Leo H. Mcavoy, Denise S. Mitten, L. Allison Stringer, James P. Steckhart, Kraig Sproles

Research in Outdoor Education

This paper presents an update of the research on group development and group dynamics in out­door education since the 1992 edition of these Proceedings. The research is presented within the six categories of individual and personal dimensions: group process and structure, group functions and tasks, leadership and power, environmental influences, and the impact of the group on the in­dividual. The paper includes a discussion of pertinent research in the fields of social work, com­munications, and management Specific recommendations are made for future research in outdoor education focusing on group development and dynamics.

Research In Outdoor Education: Our Place On The Porch, Alan Ewert

Research in Outdoor Education

This article is an edited version of the transcript from Dr. Ewert's videotaped presentation at the Symposium.

A Research Summary For Corporate Adventure Training (Cat) And Experience-Based Training And Development(Ebtd), Simon Priest

Research in Outdoor Education

This paper is a review of research in Corporate Adventure Training (CAT) and Experience-Based Training and Development (EBTD); a summary of a number of research studies in CAT and EBTD conducted through the Corporate Adventure Training Institute and other researchers; and, recommendations for future research in this growing field of outdoor education. The research results indicate corporate adventure training programs can be effective means of team building and other group development outcomes. The author gives a number of recommendations for future research including the need to investigate the pro­gram elements that contn'bute to overall program effectiveness.

Integrating Outdoor Leadership Education Into The Academic Setting, Pamela E. Foti

Research in Outdoor Education

To integrate outdoor leadership education effectively within university academic programs, innovative curricula need to be developed that combine field and classroom work. The goal must be to enable students to understand and assimilate the knowledge base within the classroom and to be able to.apply and show judgment and competence in the field.

A Research Update Of Adventure Therapy (1992-1995): Challenge Activities And Ropes Courses, Wilderness Expeditions, And Residential Camping Programs, H. Lee Gillis, Donna Thomsen

Research in Outdoor Education

n 1992 a review of research in adventure therapy offered a perspective that utilized work in psy­chotherapy as a lens to view the current state of the field. From that review, several recommenda­tions were made to gain respect within the field of traditional mental health. This update examines the recommendations made in 1992 and updates them utilizing research that has taken place in adventure therapy and borrowing liberally from suggestions made for enhancing the field of psy­chotherapy. The article makes the following points. First, the field of adventure therapy must cre­ate a collective document that addresses its accomplishments and effectiveness. …

Interactive Behaviors Between Students And Instructors In The Outdoors, Christine Cashel

Research in Outdoor Education

Research investigating the instructional pro­cess has been conducted in many settings but is still a young science (Rink, 1985). The relation­ships between variables that affect the teaching-­learning process and student achievement have been studied in contemporary educational re­search. Few, if any, studies have focused on the interactive behaviors of instructors and students in the outdoor environment.

The Current Status Of Women's Employment In Outdoor Leadership, T. A. Loeffler

Research in Outdoor Education

The study analyzed women's employment rates from 62 outdoor organizations to determine women's rep­resentation in the outdoor field. Statistical analysis revealed that women were under-represented in outdoor organizations at the executive and management levels using a proportionality standard. Additionally, women reported lower salaries and higher gender-based discrimination occurrences than their male coun­terparts.

"Kind Of In The Middle": The Gendered Meanings Of The Outdoors For Women Students, Karla A. Henderson, Sherry Winn, Nina S. Roberts

Research in Outdoor Education

The purpose of this study was to examine the links between past, present, and future involvement for females and perceptions about whether the outdoors was perceived as a gendered environment Data were collected using five focus group interviews. Several aspects of grounded theory emerged from this study including aspects of exposure to outdoor opportunities as a child, in­volvement in the outdoors as a result of an4 resistance to a gendered society, and contradictions between idealized attitudes and the realities of women's involvement in the outdoors.

The Permanency Of A Specific Self-Concept, Alan N. Wright

Research in Outdoor Education

The Adjective Check List was used to measure a global and a specific self-concept. The results indicate differentiation between the global self and a specific adventure self as mountaineer and a high degree of permanency was found in the specific self at the follow-up thirteen years later.

Evaluating The Impact Of Environmental Interpretation: A Review Of Three Research Studies, Doug Knapp

Research in Outdoor Education

This paper reviews three research studies that looked at the impact an intexpreti;e experience has on kno􀀟ledge, atti_ 􀀠de, and/or behavior of a park visitor. research methodologies, limitations, and conclusions were discussed for all three studies.

Teaching And Evaluating Outdoor Ethics Programs: Setting A Research Agenda, Bruce E. Matthews

Research in Outdoor Education

No abstract provided.

Personality Preferences Of Outdoor Participants, Christine Cashel, Diane Montgomery, Suzie Lane

Research in Outdoor Education

There remains some question about how to link what is known about individuals to the planning and implementation of group struc­tured outdoor programs. One theory that may illuminate the program planning and imple­mentation processes in terms of collective dif­ferences is Jungian personality theory.

Coe Fliers From Proceedings, Coalition For Education In The Outdoors (Ceo)

Research in Outdoor Education

Information on joining COE or subscribing to Taproot are included here. They were originally included at the end of the Proceedings.

Resource Law Notes Newsletter, No. 36, Winter Issue, Jan. 1996, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Resource Law Notes: The Newsletter of the Natural Resources Law Center (1984-2002)

No abstract provided.

A Relationship Between River Modification And Species Richness Of Freshwater Turtles In Iowa, Terry J. Vandewalle, James L. Christiansen

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Comparisons were made of turtle populations in Red Rock Reservoir and the major rivers of the Mississippi River and Missouri River damage systems in Iowa. Of the inland rivers of the Mississippi drainage examined in this study, the Des Moines River had the least amount of remaining turtle habitat. Number of turtle species ranged from five in the Des Moines River to 11 in the Mississippi River, but only three species were found in Red Rock Reservoir. In the Missouri drainage, number of turtle species ranged from three in both the Little Sioux and Nishnabotna rivers to five in the …

Back Cover

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Applying The Concept Of Recreational Specialization To Rhode Island Alliance Anglers, Eric Asadorian

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Many recreationally popular marine species of fish are at or near historic lows in terms of their overall numbers. Many of these species, such as cod, summer flounder, winter flounder, and bluefish, are also commercially valuable. Fishery managers must be able to make allocation and management decisions that both protect the resource and maintain user satisfaction. The basis for achieving this goal lies in the understanding of what the users expectations, satisfactions and perceptions are related to their marine recreational fishing experience. It is often the case that a population of anglers are managed as a homogeneous group, with similar …

Environmental Racism And Biased Methods Of Risk Assessment, Daniel C. Wigley, Kristin S. Shrader-Frechette

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Based on analysis of a risk assessment for a proposed Louisiana uranium enrichment facility, the authors argue that environmental injustice occurs when assessors' scientific methods cause de facto discrimination.

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Pathogenicity Of Septoria Aquilina Isolated From Black Hills Bracken, A. Gabel, C. Salazar

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Septoria aquilina, a pathogenic fungus isolated from Pteridium aquilinum growing in the Black Hills was studied from 1991-1995. S. aquilina sprayed at 8,000 conidia/ml on transplanted fronds followed by high humidity caused severe necrosis seven days after inoculation and disease severity increased until fronds died. Severe necrosis also developed from inoculations at 4,000 and 2,000 conidia/ml. Less severe symptoms developed from inoculations at 1,000 conidia/ml. Inoculations at 4,000 conidia/ml not followed by high humidity caused less necrosis than inoculations at the same concentration with high humidity. Inoculations at 4,000, 2,000, and 1,000 conidia/ml on fronds grown from spores caused similar …

Front Matter

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 38 Number 1, Winter 1996, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

8 - GERALD UELMEN: BACK IN THE CLASSROOM The School of Law professor and co-counsel for the O.J. Simpson defense reflects on the "trial of the century" and assesses its impact on legal education. Interview by Elise Banducci '87

12 - MARRIED WITHOUT CHILDREN Childless couples challenge deeply held beliefs about marriage and family. By Kath1yn Bold '81

16 - PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST Gerald Sullivan, S.J., answers the questions "Why figurative painting?" "Why liberal arts?" and "Why dogs?" By Miriam Schulman

20 - PASSPORT TO KNOWLEDGE Study abroad programs in Italy and around the world push beyond traditional borders. …

Semantic And Schematic Similarities Between Database Objects: A Context-Based Approach, Vipul Kashyap, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

In a multidatabase system, schematic conflicts between two objects are usually of interest only when the objects have some semantic similarity. We use the concept of semantic proximity, which is essentially an abstraction/mapping between the domains of the two objects associated with the context of comparison. An explicit though partial context representation is proposed and the specificity relationship between contexts is defined. The contexts are organized as a meet semi-lattice and associated operations like the greatest lower bound are defined. The context of comparison and the type of abstractions used to relate the two objects form the basis of a …