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Articles 16051 - 16080 of 21203

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Impact Of Being Born With Cleft And Cleft Reparative Surgery On Overall Health And Speech Outcomes, Khatansuudal Evsanaa May 2008

The Impact Of Being Born With Cleft And Cleft Reparative Surgery On Overall Health And Speech Outcomes, Khatansuudal Evsanaa

Master's Theses

Orofacial cleft is one of the most common and treatable birth defects in the world. If left untreated, orofacial cleft can impair normal speech development, growth, and could lead to a number of health consequences later in life. The main motivation of the study is to measure the impact of being born with cleft and the cleft reparative surgery on overall speech and health cleft for teenagers in India using difference-in-differences approach along with household fixed effects method. An overall health outcome was measured using height, weight, grip strength and BMI, and the speech acceptability was measured using a “Universal …

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A Framework To Support Spatial, Temporal And Thematic Analytics Over Semantic Web Data, Matthew Perry, Amit P. Sheth May 2008

A Framework To Support Spatial, Temporal And Thematic Analytics Over Semantic Web Data, Matthew Perry, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Spatial and temporal data are critical components in many applications. This is especially true in analytical applications ranging from scientific discovery to national security and criminal investigation. The analytical process often requires uncovering and analyzing complex thematic relationships between disparate people, places and events. Fundamentally new query operators based on the graph structure of Semantic Web data models, such as semantic associations, are proving useful for this purpose. However, these analysis mechanisms are primarily intended for thematic relationships. In this paper, we describe a framework built around the RDF data model for analysis of thematic, spatial and temporal relationships between …

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Automated Vector-To-Raster Image Registration, Boris Kovalerchuk, Peter Doucette, Gamal Seedahmed, Robert Brigantic, Michael Kovalerchuk, Brian Graff May 2008

Automated Vector-To-Raster Image Registration, Boris Kovalerchuk, Peter Doucette, Gamal Seedahmed, Robert Brigantic, Michael Kovalerchuk, Brian Graff

Computer Science Faculty Scholarship

The variability of panchromatic and multispectral images, vector data (maps) and DEM models is growing. Accordingly, the requests and challenges are growing to correlate, match, co-register, and fuse them. Data to be integrated may have inaccurate and contradictory geo-references or not have them at all. Alignment of vector (feature) and raster (image) geospatial data is a difficult and time-consuming process when transformational relationships between the two are nonlinear. The robust solutions and commercial software products that address current challenges do not yet exist. In the proposed approach for Vector-to-Raster Registration (VRR) the candidate features are auto-extracted from imagery, vectorized, and …

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Portland Me: Affordable Housing V. Open Space, Patrick Wright, Brett Richardson, Richard Barringer May 2008

Portland Me: Affordable Housing V. Open Space, Patrick Wright, Brett Richardson, Richard Barringer

Planning

Amid an acknowledged “affordable housing crisis”, a first-time developer approaches the City to release part of a tax-acquired property, promising a smart-growth development that would provide sorely needed starter homes for working families. The case highlights the complications of balancing competing interests in Portland ME. It shows where rational planning fails in the presence of strong neighborhood opposition, a disjointed city staff structure, and the absence of political will among City Councilors. It highlights the need for champions within local government when a project evokes competing interests. It demonstrates the extent to which “words matter” to policy outcomes, and who …

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Confidence Intervals Based On Robust Estimators, Meral Cetin, Serpil Aktas May 2008

Confidence Intervals Based On Robust Estimators, Meral Cetin, Serpil Aktas

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Classical estimation of confidence intervals based on the sample mean and variance is sensitive to outliers. Robust methods were proposed for reducing the influence of outliers. The Minimum Volume Ellipsoid estimator (MVE), having a high breakdown point, is one of the robust estimators for location and scale parameters. The robust confidence interval for location parameter is constructed based on the MVE, and compared with the proposed robust confidence interval estimation methods. The performance of the robust confidence interval based on MVE is illustrated with a simulation study. The lengths of 100(1-α)% confidence intervals were investigated.

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Using Connectionist Models To Evaluate Examinees’ Response Patterns To Achievement Tests, Mark J. Gierl, Ying Cui, Steve Hunka May 2008

Using Connectionist Models To Evaluate Examinees’ Response Patterns To Achievement Tests, Mark J. Gierl, Ying Cui, Steve Hunka

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The attribute hierarchy method (AHM) applied to assessment engineering is described. It is a psychometric method for classifying examinees’ test item responses into a set of attribute mastery patterns associated with different components in a cognitive model of task performance. Attribute probabilities, computed using a neural network, can be estimated for each examinee thereby providing specific information about the examinee’s attribute-mastery level. The pattern recognition approach described in this study relies on an explicit cognitive model to produce the expected response patterns. The expected response patterns serve as the input to the neural network. The model also yields the cognitive …

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Coverage Performance Of The Non-Central F-Based And Percentile Bootstrap Confidence Intervals For Root Mean Square Standardized Effect Size In One-Way Fixed-Effects Anova, Guili Zhang, James Algina May 2008

Coverage Performance Of The Non-Central F-Based And Percentile Bootstrap Confidence Intervals For Root Mean Square Standardized Effect Size In One-Way Fixed-Effects Anova, Guili Zhang, James Algina

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The coverage performance of the confidence intervals (CIs) for the Root Mean Square Standardized Effect Size (RMSSE) was investigated in a balanced, one-way, fixed-effects, between-subjects ANOVA design. The noncentral F distribution-based and the percentile bootstrap CI construction methods were compared. The results indicated that the coverage probabilities of the CIs for RMSSE were not adequate.

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An Evaluation Of Standard, Alternative, And Robust Slope Test Strategies, Tim Moses, Alan Klockars May 2008

An Evaluation Of Standard, Alternative, And Robust Slope Test Strategies, Tim Moses, Alan Klockars

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The robustness and power of nine strategies for testing the differences between two groups’ regression slopes under nonnormality and residual variance heterogeneity are compared. The results showed that three most robust slope test strategies were the combination of the trimmed and Winsorized slopes with the James second order test, the combination of Theil-Sen with James, and Theil-Sen with percentile bootstrapping. The slope tests based on Theil-Sen slopes were more powerful than those based on trimmed and Winsorized slopes.

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Second-Order Latent Growth Models With Shifting Indicators, Gregory R. Hancock, Michelle M. Buehl May 2008

Second-Order Latent Growth Models With Shifting Indicators, Gregory R. Hancock, Michelle M. Buehl

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Second-order latent growth models assess longitudinal change in a latent construct, typically employing identical manifest variables as indicators across time. However, the same indicators may be unavailable and/or inappropriate for all time points. This article details methods for second-order growth models in which constructs’ indicators shift over time.

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Selection Of Non-Regular Fractional Factorial Designs When Some Two-Factor Interactions Are Important, Weiming Ke, Rui Yao May 2008

Selection Of Non-Regular Fractional Factorial Designs When Some Two-Factor Interactions Are Important, Weiming Ke, Rui Yao

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A new method is proposed for selecting the optimal non-regular fractional factorial designs in the situation when some two-factor interactions are potentially important. Searching for the best designs according to this method is discussed and some results for the Plackett-Burman design of 12 runs are presented.

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A Weighted Moving Average Process For Forecasting, Shou Hsing Shih, Chris P. Tsokos May 2008

A Weighted Moving Average Process For Forecasting, Shou Hsing Shih, Chris P. Tsokos

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The object of the present study is to propose a forecasting model for a nonstationary stochastic realization. The subject model is based on modifying a given time series into a new k-time moving average time series to begin the development of the model. The study is based on the autoregressive integrated moving average process along with its analytical constrains. The analytical procedure of the proposed model is given. A stock XYZ selected from the Fortune 500 list of companies and its daily closing price constitute the time series. Both the classical and proposed forecasting models were developed and a comparison …

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Comparing Different Methods For Multiple Testing In Reaction Time Data, Massimiliano Pastore, Massimo Nucci, Giovanni Galfano May 2008

Comparing Different Methods For Multiple Testing In Reaction Time Data, Massimiliano Pastore, Massimo Nucci, Giovanni Galfano

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Reaction times were simulated for examining the power of six methods for multiple testing, as a function of sample size and departures from normality. Power estimates were low for all methods for non-normal distributions. With normal distributions, even for small sample sizes, satisfactory power estimates were observed, especially for FDR-based procedures.

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Two-Stage Short-Run (X, Mr) Control Charts, Matthew E. Elam, Kenneth E. Case May 2008

Two-Stage Short-Run (X, Mr) Control Charts, Matthew E. Elam, Kenneth E. Case

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This article is the first in a series of two articles that applies two-stage short-run control charting to (X, MR) charts. Theory is developed and then used to derive the control chart factor equations. In the sequel, the control chart factor calculations are computerized and an example is presented.

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Cees Newsletter, No. 6, May 2008, University Of Colorado Boulder. Center For Energy & Environmental Security May 2008

Cees Newsletter, No. 6, May 2008, University Of Colorado Boulder. Center For Energy & Environmental Security

CEES: The Center for Energy & Environmental Security [Newsletter] (2008)

No abstract provided.

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Ua35/1 Doers & Deeds Vol. 7, No. 5, Wku Provost May 2008

Ua35/1 Doers & Deeds Vol. 7, No. 5, Wku Provost

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by the WKU Provost & Vice President of Academic Affairs to highlight the activities of faculty, staff and alumni.

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Systematic Reviews Of Animal Experiments Demonstrate Poor Contributions To Human Healthcare, Andrew Knight May 2008

Systematic Reviews Of Animal Experiments Demonstrate Poor Contributions To Human Healthcare, Andrew Knight

Experimentation Collection

Widespread reliance on animal models during preclinical research and toxicity testing assumes their reasonable predictivity for human outcomes. However, of 20 published systematic reviews examining human clinical utility located during a comprehensive literature search, animal models demonstrated significant potential to contribute toward clinical interventions in only two cases, one of which was contentious. Included were experiments expected by ethics committees to lead to medical advances, highly-cited experiments published in major journals, and chimpanzee experiments—the species most generally predictive of human outcomes. Seven additional reviews failed to demonstrate utility in reliably predicting human toxicological outcomes such as carcinogenicity and teratogenicity. Results …

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System Analysis Of The Uri Hurricane Preparedness Plan, Rebecca Harlow May 2008

System Analysis Of The Uri Hurricane Preparedness Plan, Rebecca Harlow

Senior Honors Projects

If a hurricane were to hit URI in the upcoming fall semester what would happen? This project is a thorough evaluation of the current URI plan, how it works, how it doesn’t and who has the answers. The project is framed from an information systems perspective. The analysis of the system is based on where vital information is stored, how it is communicated when needed and who is involved. To find the answers to these questions, in depth interviews were conducted with key emergency personnel. Among them are URI’s Director of Safety and Risk, J Kevin Culley, Major Baker of …

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Hazard Adaptations Along The Ohio River: A Case Study Of Bushman's Lake, Clark County, Indiana, Jennifer L. Lathem May 2008

Hazard Adaptations Along The Ohio River: A Case Study Of Bushman's Lake, Clark County, Indiana, Jennifer L. Lathem

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hazard researchers define a hazard as a threat to people and their belongings (Cutter 2001). An adaptation, for the purposes of this research, is any alteration, physical or behavioral, made by a person in which the person is better able to survive in their "hazardous" natural environment. The challenge facing individuals and communities is the ability to adapt to these hazards so as to continue with normal everyday life. People living near a waterway are faced with flooding, which becomes a hazard when it alters everyday social structures. The purpose of this study is to identify flood hazard adaptations in …

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Brunswick Me: De-Militarizing The Bnas, Anne Holland, Brett Richardson, Richard Barringer May 2008

Brunswick Me: De-Militarizing The Bnas, Anne Holland, Brett Richardson, Richard Barringer

Planning

Closure of the Brunswick Naval Air Station in 2011 will have profound economic impacts on the entire mid-coast Maine region of Maine, with an estimated loss of 6,500 jobs and $330 million annual income. Throughout the Base Realignment and Closure process, Brunswick, the region, and the State of Maine followed federal rules and developed the federally-funded Brunswick Local Redevelopment Authority (BLRA) to plan for reuse of the 3300 acre base. In its planning process, the BLRA adhered to a number of well thought-out Guiding Principles, including the use of extensive public participation and the consideration of “smart growth” principles and …

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Traditional Natural Resource Use And Development In Northeast Thailand, Christie Moulton May 2008

Traditional Natural Resource Use And Development In Northeast Thailand, Christie Moulton

Senior Honors Projects

This paper explores the effects of development projects on traditional natural resource use in three communities in Northeast Thailand, a region known as Isan. I interviewed villagers in each community and asked them to describe their environmental perceptions, management practices and livelihood strategies. Participants described several subsistence livelihoods that have traditionally been present in Isan. These include rice farming, fishing, community forestry, and wetland use. Residents from the three communities all described various cultural activities, knowledge systems, and religious ceremonies that are closely tied to their local resources. Raising silk worms, making clay pots, and performing rituals for a spirit …

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Human–Wildlife Conflict And Gender In Protected Area Borderlands: A Case Study Of Costs, Perceptions, And Vulnerabilities From Uttarakhand (Uttaranchal), India, Monica V. Ogra May 2008

Human–Wildlife Conflict And Gender In Protected Area Borderlands: A Case Study Of Costs, Perceptions, And Vulnerabilities From Uttarakhand (Uttaranchal), India, Monica V. Ogra

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

Human–wildlife conflict (HWC) is a growing problem for communities located at the borders of protected areas. Such conflicts commonly take place as crop-raiding events and as attack by wild animals, among other forms. This paper uses a feminist political ecology approach to examine these two problems in an agricultural village located at the border of Rajaji National Park in Uttarakhand (formerly Uttaranchal), India. Specifically, it investigates the following three questions: What are the “visible” and “hidden” costs of such conflict with wildlife? To what extent are these costs differentially borne by men and women? How do villagers perceive any such …

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The Fall 2008 Unl Bike Survey: Examining The Status Of Bicycle Transportation At The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, Brent Schmoker May 2008

The Fall 2008 Unl Bike Survey: Examining The Status Of Bicycle Transportation At The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln, Brent Schmoker

Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses

This study evaluates the state of bicycle use by University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) students during the fall semester of 2008. An online survey was administered to a random sample of graduate and undergraduate students to determine the factors that encourage and inhibit students from using bikes for transportation to campus. The results suggest that a significant portion of the student population uses bikes for transportation to campus but several factors combine to keep the overall number of bicycle commuters low. The paper concludes with suggestions for increasing bike commuting to UNL and predictions about the future of transportation in the …

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Confidence Intervals For The Squared Multiple Semipartial Correlation Coefficient, James Algina, H. J. Keselman, Randall D. Penfield May 2008

Confidence Intervals For The Squared Multiple Semipartial Correlation Coefficient, James Algina, H. J. Keselman, Randall D. Penfield

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The squared multiple semipartial correlation coefficient is the increase in the squared multiple correlation coefficient that occurs when two or more predictors are added to a multiple regression model. Coverage probability was investigated for two variations of each of three methods for setting confidence intervals for the population squared multiple semipartial correlation coefficient. Results indicated that the procedure that provides coverage probability in the [.925, .975] interval for a 95% confidence interval depends primarily on the number of added predictors. Guidelines for selecting a procedure are presented.

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On A Test Of Independence Via Quantiles That Is Sensitive To Curvature, Rand R. Wilcox May 2008

On A Test Of Independence Via Quantiles That Is Sensitive To Curvature, Rand R. Wilcox

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Let (Yi ,Xi ) , i =1,..., n , be a random sample from some p+1 variate distribution where Xi is a vector having length p. Many methods for testing the hypothesis that Y is independent of X are relatively insensitive to a broad class of departures from independence. Power improvements focus on the median of Y or some other quantile and test the hypothesis that the regression surface is a horizontal plane versus some unknown form. A wild bootstrap method (Stute et al. 1998) can be used based on quantiles, but with small or moderate sample …

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A Monte Carlo Power Analysis Of Traditional Repeated Measures And Hierarchical Multivariate Linear Models In Longitudinal Data Analysis, Hua Fang, Gordon P. Brooks, Maria L. Rizzo, Kimberly A. Espy, Robert S. Barcikowski May 2008

A Monte Carlo Power Analysis Of Traditional Repeated Measures And Hierarchical Multivariate Linear Models In Longitudinal Data Analysis, Hua Fang, Gordon P. Brooks, Maria L. Rizzo, Kimberly A. Espy, Robert S. Barcikowski

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The power properties of traditional repeated measures and hierarchical linear models have not been clearly determined in the balanced design for longitudinal studies in the current literature. A Monte Carlo power analysis of traditional repeated measures and hierarchical multivariate linear models are presented under three variance-covariance structures. Results suggest that traditional repeated measures have higher power than hierarchical linear models for main effects, but lower power for interaction effects. Significant power differences are also exhibited when power is compared across different covariance structures. Results also supplement more comprehensive empirical indexes for estimating model precision via bootstrap estimates and the approximate …

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Estimating How Many Observations Are Needed To Obtain A Required Level Of Reliability, David A. Walker May 2008

Estimating How Many Observations Are Needed To Obtain A Required Level Of Reliability, David A. Walker

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This article provides a detailed table containing estimations of how many observations are needed to obtain an increased reliability coefficient for situations such as observational data collection in the classroom. A SPSS program is provided for users to analyze situations where an initial reliability value is obtained and the user wants to determine how many more observations are needed to reach a required level of reliability.

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Tests For Independence In Two-Way Contingency Tables With Small Samples, Stephen Sharp May 2008

Tests For Independence In Two-Way Contingency Tables With Small Samples, Stephen Sharp

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

When testing the null hypothesis of independence in a two-way contingency table, the likelihood ratio test statistic is approximately distributed as Chi-squared d for large sample sizes (N) but may not be for small samples. This paper presents expressions which match the mean of the statistic to Chi-squared d as far as N−1 and N−2, derives a method of estimating the expressions from observed data and evaluates them using Monte Carlo simulations. It is concluded that using appropriate dividing factors, rejection rates after matching are more accurate than for either the unadjusted likelihood ratio statistic …

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Utility Of Weights For Weighted Kappa As A Measure Of Interrater Agreement On Ordinal Scale, Moonseong Heo May 2008

Utility Of Weights For Weighted Kappa As A Measure Of Interrater Agreement On Ordinal Scale, Moonseong Heo

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Kappa statistics, unweighted or weighted, are widely used for assessing interrater agreement. The weights of the weighted kappa statistics in particular are defined in terms of absolute and squared distances in ratings between raters. It is proposed that those weights can be used for assessment of interrater agreements. A closed form expectations and variances of the agreement statistics referred to as AI1 and AI2, functions of absolute and squared distances in ratings between two raters, respectively, are obtained. AI1 and AI2 are compared with the weighted and unweighted kappa statistics in …

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Robustness Of Some Estimators Of Linear Model With Autocorrelated Error Terms When Stochastic Regressors Are Normally Distributed, Kayode Ayinde, J. O. Olaomi May 2008

Robustness Of Some Estimators Of Linear Model With Autocorrelated Error Terms When Stochastic Regressors Are Normally Distributed, Kayode Ayinde, J. O. Olaomi

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Performances of estimators of the linear model under different level of autocorrelation (ρ) are known to be affected by different specifications of regressors. The robustness of some methods of parameter estimation of linear model to autocorrelation are examined when stochastic regressors are normally distributed. Monte Carlo experiments were conducted at both low and high replications. Comparison and preference of estimator(s) are based on their performances via bias, absolute bias, variance and more importantly the mean squared error of the estimated parameters of the model. Results show that the performances of the estimators improve with increased replication. In estimating …

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Jacques Salomon Hadamard And The Use Of Symbols In Teaching Differential Calculus, Daniel S. Drucker, Claude Schochet, John Cuzzocrea, Shlomo Sawilowsky May 2008

Jacques Salomon Hadamard And The Use Of Symbols In Teaching Differential Calculus, Daniel S. Drucker, Claude Schochet, John Cuzzocrea, Shlomo Sawilowsky

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Scripta Universitatis, edited by Albert Einstein and first published in 1923, played a significant role in the establishment of Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Articles appeared on the left half of the journal in the author’s chosen language and they were translated into Hebrew on the right half. The inaugural issue contained an article by the French mathematician Jacques Hadamard (8 December 1865 – 17 October 1963). Y. Wolfson of Kharkov translated it into Hebrew. An English translation is presented here, along with scans of the original first pages that were published in French and Hebrew. Documents pertaining to the …

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