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Articles 23011 - 23040 of 33741

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Progesterone Vaginal Ring: Results Of A Three-Country Acceptability Study, Saumya Ramarao, Heather Clark, Deepa Rajamani, Salisu Mohammed Ishaku, Babacar Mane, Francis Obare, Harriet Birungi, Nafissatou Diop, Wilson Liambila, Fatou Mbow, Chi-Chi Undie, Godwin Unumeri, John Townsend Jan 2015

Progesterone Vaginal Ring: Results Of A Three-Country Acceptability Study, Saumya Ramarao, Heather Clark, Deepa Rajamani, Salisu Mohammed Ishaku, Babacar Mane, Francis Obare, Harriet Birungi, Nafissatou Diop, Wilson Liambila, Fatou Mbow, Chi-Chi Undie, Godwin Unumeri, John Townsend

Reproductive Health

Global and national policies have refocused attention on postpartum family planning as an important component of ensuring healthy outcomes for women and babies. The progesterone vaginal ring (PVR) is used to extend the contraceptive effectiveness of lactational amenorrhea among breastfeeding women. Clinical trials have proven the PVR to be safe and effective; it is currently registered in eight Latin American countries. There is a need to assess acceptability prior to introduction into country programs, and the Population Council conducted PVR acceptability studies in Kenya, Nigeria, and Senegal. This report represents the results from a pooled analysis of data from the …

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Kenya Adolescent Sexual And Reproductive Health Policy, Ministry Of Health Kenya Jan 2015

Kenya Adolescent Sexual And Reproductive Health Policy, Ministry Of Health Kenya

Reproductive Health

This document is a review and revision of the National Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Policy of Kenya, which involved in-depth consultations with a wide range of stakeholders through literature review, interviews, consultative meetings, and reviews of the various drafts. Many changes took place at the national and international levels that needed to be taken into account as the policy was reviewed, including the Constitution of Kenya (2010) with its attendant devolved governance structure as well as demographics, and social, economic, and technological environment. The government has made concerted efforts as part of Vision 2030 to respond to adolescents and …

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Expanding Access To Education For Teenage Mothers In Homa Bay County: What ‘Might’ Work, Chi-Chi Undie Jan 2015

Expanding Access To Education For Teenage Mothers In Homa Bay County: What ‘Might’ Work, Chi-Chi Undie

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.

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Managing The Challenging Dual Role Of Being A Population Health Doctoral Student And Having A Life Outside Of School – A Commentary, Amber Canto Jan 2015

Managing The Challenging Dual Role Of Being A Population Health Doctoral Student And Having A Life Outside Of School – A Commentary, Amber Canto

Florida Public Health Review

Being a successful doctoral student is challenged by life forces such as job, family, and balancing other life commitments. In this paper I comment on these challenges and offer some thoughts on finding a balance that works for me. Keys to meeting this challenge include learning to say "no," finding time for important things, establishing new expectations, acknowledging new and multiple roles establishing boundaries, and utilizing support networks that are available.

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The Simultaneous, Incompatible Life Of A Doctoral Student, Amitha Domalpally Jan 2015

The Simultaneous, Incompatible Life Of A Doctoral Student, Amitha Domalpally

Florida Public Health Review

Being a successful doctoral student is challenged by life forces such as job, family, and balancing other life commitments. In this paper I comment on these challenges and offer some thoughts on finding a balance that works for me. Keys to meeting this challenge include categorizing the "chaos," avoiding role contagion, and utilizing the support of a partner to help balance out the stress of school.

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The Challenging Dual Role Of Being A Dvm/Public Health Student And Having A Life – A Commentary, Nailah S. Smith Jan 2015

The Challenging Dual Role Of Being A Dvm/Public Health Student And Having A Life – A Commentary, Nailah S. Smith

Florida Public Health Review

Being a successful graduate student is challenged by life forces such as job, family, and balancing other life commitments. In this paper I comment on these challenges and offer some thoughts on finding a balance that works for me. Keys to meeting this challenge include committing to certain values, defining the essentials in life, and recognizing personal boundaries.

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Life, Career, And Graduate School – Challenge And Opportunity For Students, Robert J. Mcdermott Jan 2015

Life, Career, And Graduate School – Challenge And Opportunity For Students, Robert J. Mcdermott

Florida Public Health Review

Since 2007 I have had the opportunity to teach Writing for Scholarly Publication as part of the Population Health Summer Institute at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health. In a course so brief (five three-hour meetings over a period of 10 days), finding topics through which students can develop their writing talent and complete a publishable paper is an arduous task. Two years ago, students prepared commentaries about why they were (or were not) worried about their future as public health professionals, and four of these short essays were published in the Florida Public Health Review, …

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Knowledge And Perceptions Of Hpv Vaccine Acceptance Among African-American College Women, Lauren R. Darensbourg, Ivette A. López, Matthew T. Dutton, C Perry Brown Jan 2015

Knowledge And Perceptions Of Hpv Vaccine Acceptance Among African-American College Women, Lauren R. Darensbourg, Ivette A. López, Matthew T. Dutton, C Perry Brown

Florida Public Health Review

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in the United States. Prevalence rates among sexually active young women are approximately 50%. An HPV vaccine has been created that has high efficacy in preventing persistent HPV infection, cervical cancer precursor lesions, and genital warts caused by four HPV subtypes. The purpose of this study was to assess African-American college women’s knowledge and perceptions of HPV, and their association with the acceptance of HPV vaccination. Variable selection was guided by the Health Belief Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior. Written surveys were administered to 122 African-American women between …

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Improving Asthma Management In Hospital Emergency Departments With Interactive Webinars, Alexandra C.H. Nowakowski, Henry J. Carretta, Tavia R. Smith, Kinjal J. Patel, Jamie R. Forrest Jan 2015

Improving Asthma Management In Hospital Emergency Departments With Interactive Webinars, Alexandra C.H. Nowakowski, Henry J. Carretta, Tavia R. Smith, Kinjal J. Patel, Jamie R. Forrest

Florida Public Health Review

Our objective was to create dialogue and share troubleshooting strategies for challenges identified by a 2012 survey of emergency department asthma management practices in Florida. Two complementary intervention sessions, each with its own post-test, were implemented. We created a virtual gathering of professionals from clinical asthma care and health services research settings throughout Florida. Participants included clinical care providers and health administrators from participating hospitals, health services researchers, and other emergency asthma care stakeholders from Florida. We examined enrollment of target professional groups, perceived utility of intervention format and content, and participant satisfaction with webinars. The webinars appealed strongly to …

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Perceptions Of The Changing Healthcare Environment: A Florida Perspective, Aaron Spaulding, Hanadi Hamadi, D Rob Haley, Mei Zhao, Clark (Moody) Mccall Jan 2015

Perceptions Of The Changing Healthcare Environment: A Florida Perspective, Aaron Spaulding, Hanadi Hamadi, D Rob Haley, Mei Zhao, Clark (Moody) Mccall

Florida Public Health Review

This study reviewed public perceptions of healthcare, including the public’s opinions of healthcare reform. The study’s objective was to examine how opinions are affected by individual differences such as age, income, race, and current insurance. It used telephone survey responses from the citizens of Florida to provide a more empirical look at the views of the population. Overall, the study findings provided important insight into the perceptions of Floridians of important components of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) including cost, affordability, Medicaid expansion, and universal access to care. The results of this study indicate that whereas income, …

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Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Section: Provider Perspectives And Maternal Decision Making, Isabella Chan, Emily Bronson, Allison Cantor Jan 2015

Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Section: Provider Perspectives And Maternal Decision Making, Isabella Chan, Emily Bronson, Allison Cantor

Florida Public Health Review

Although evidence suggests vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) leads to fewer complications in subsequent pregnancies, lower risk of maternal morbidity, and fewer cesarean sections overall, VBAC rates in Florida are at 5.5%, notably lower than the U.S. average of 8.0%. This exploratory study examines the factors contributing to these low VBAC rates through a qualitative investigation using grounded theory. Semi-structured interviews with women and maternity care providers were conducted to explore attitudes, motivations, and experiences regarding VBAC. Findings reveal a distinction between providers' and women's attitudes toward and experiences with VBAC and identify factors involved in decision-making. Three themes …

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Sexual Risk, Substance Use And Undiagnosed Seropositivity Among Men Who Have Sex With Men And Women In Miami, Florida, David W. Forrest, Gabriel Cardenas, Lisa R. Metsch, Charlene S. Dodson, Marlene Lalota Jan 2015

Sexual Risk, Substance Use And Undiagnosed Seropositivity Among Men Who Have Sex With Men And Women In Miami, Florida, David W. Forrest, Gabriel Cardenas, Lisa R. Metsch, Charlene S. Dodson, Marlene Lalota

Florida Public Health Review

This paper utilizes the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance data in Miami for the men who have sex with men cycle (NHBS-MSM2) in 2008. We analyzed sexual risk, substance use and undiagnosed seropositivity in a diverse sample of men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) and compared them with MSM. Of 152 MSMW, 15.1% tested HIV positive with 73.9% previously undiagnosed. Almost half (44.1%) of the MSMW reported unprotected sex with male and female partners in the past year. More MSMW than MSM had undiagnosed HIV infection, exchanged sex for money or drugs, used crack and cocaine, been high …

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Evaluating Inpatient Asthma Management Practices In Florida Hospitals, Alexandra C.H. Nowakowski, Henry J. Carretta, Julie K. Dudley, Jamie R. Forrest, Abbey N. Folsom Jan 2015

Evaluating Inpatient Asthma Management Practices In Florida Hospitals, Alexandra C.H. Nowakowski, Henry J. Carretta, Julie K. Dudley, Jamie R. Forrest, Abbey N. Folsom

Florida Public Health Review

We evaluated inpatient asthma management practices in 10 Florida hospitals. We wanted to learn about care protocols, instrumental resources, and use of evidence-based guidelines. We sought to recommend strategies for improving care based on gaps identified by this study. We developed a survey that included detailed questions on care strategies and resources. Guidelines from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in the Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR-3) for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma were a primary focus. Hospitals were given the option of completing their surveys by phone or email. Data were analyzed via content coding of …

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Curriculum On Adolescent-Friendly Health Services And Health Voucher Mechanisms: Facilitator's Training Manual, Population Council Jan 2015

Curriculum On Adolescent-Friendly Health Services And Health Voucher Mechanisms: Facilitator's Training Manual, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (AGEP) in rural and urban Zambia aims to build social, health, and economic assets of adolescent girls. A safe spaces component is at the core of AGEP. Girls groups, under the guidance of a female mentor from the same community, provide a safe and supportive learning environment. The meetings are critical in building social assets for vulnerable girls—including friendships, self-esteem, trusting relationships with adults, and social support. The training content over the course of the year varies from sexual and reproductive health and life skills to financial education and nutrition training. Girls in AGEP receive …

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Understanding Factors Influencing Adverse Sex Ratios At Birth In Bangladesh, Md. Noorunnabi Talukder, Ubaidur Rob, Md. Irfan Hossain, Forhana Rahman Noor Jan 2015

Understanding Factors Influencing Adverse Sex Ratios At Birth In Bangladesh, Md. Noorunnabi Talukder, Ubaidur Rob, Md. Irfan Hossain, Forhana Rahman Noor

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Nationally, the sex ratio at birth has persisted at its natural level of 105 male per 100 female newborns for the past half century in Bangladesh. However, at the regional level, Bangladesh is characterized by an east-west divide in sex ratios at birth. While the western region shows normal sex ratios at birth, the eastern region displays distorted sex ratios. To understand the factors that contribute to regional variations, a household survey was conducted among married women aged 18–49 years who had at least two living children. Views of health-care providers on gender-biased sex selection and of program implementers on …

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Education, Numeracy, And Literacy: Baseline Findings, Population Council Jan 2015

Education, Numeracy, And Literacy: Baseline Findings, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (AGEP) is a program for girls ages 10–19 in rural and urban Zambia that aims to find the best ways to improve their social, health, and economic resources. The program involves over 10,000 girls participating in weekly girls’ group meetings, receiving health vouchers, and opening savings accounts. Over 5,000 girls, unmarried at baseline, are enrolled in a randomized, controlled trial and are being followed over four years—including the two years of the program and two years after. This brief describes the characteristics of these girls at baseline. Of the girls who are currently in school, …

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Addressing Gender-Biased Sex Selection In Haryana, India: Promising Approaches, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, Rajib Acharya, Sharmistha Basu, A.J. Francis Zavier Jan 2015

Addressing Gender-Biased Sex Selection In Haryana, India: Promising Approaches, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, Rajib Acharya, Sharmistha Basu, A.J. Francis Zavier

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Persistently adverse sex ratios remain a challenge in India despite the enforcement of the PCPNDT (Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques) Act in 1994. Nevertheless, over the decade 2001–2011, positive shifts from very adverse to less adverse levels have occurred in a few states. Two districts in Haryana state—Kurukshetra and Sonipat—whose sex ratios displayed some and no improvement, respectively, are compared in an attempt to find promising programme directions to counter gender-biased sex selection. Comparisons are drawn from the attitudes and experiences of surveyed women and interviews with service providers and programme implementers, about sex-selection technology. Also addressed are differences in …

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Sexual Behaviors And Biomarkers: Baseline Findings, Population Council Jan 2015

Sexual Behaviors And Biomarkers: Baseline Findings, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (AGEP) is a program for girls ages 10–19 in rural and urban Zambia that aims to find the best ways to improve their social, health, and economic resources. More than 10,000 girls participated in weekly girls’ group meetings, received health vouchers, and opened savings accounts. More than 5,000 girls, unmarried at baseline, were enrolled in a randomized, controlled trial and followed over four years—two years in the program and two years after the program ended. This brief describes the characteristics of enrolled girls at baseline.

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Use Of Health Services: Baseline Findings, Population Council Jan 2015

Use Of Health Services: Baseline Findings, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (AGEP) is a program for girls ages 10-19 in rural and urban Zambia that aims to find the best ways to improve their social, health, and economic resources. The program involves over 10,000 girls participating in weekly girls’ group meetings, receiving health vouchers, and opening savings accounts. Over 5,000 girls, unmarried at baseline, are enrolled in a randomized, controlled trial and are being followed over four years—including the two years of the program and two years after. This brief describes the use of health services by these girls at baseline.

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Adolescent Girls Initiative-Kenya: Program Overview, Population Council Jan 2015

Adolescent Girls Initiative-Kenya: Program Overview, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Many adolescent girls in Kenya face considerable risks and vulnerabilities that affect their education, health, and general well-being—including early marriage; teenage pregnancy; early, unprotected, and/or unwanted sexual activity; violence; social isolation; and HIV/STIs. For the most part, very young adolescent girls who live in risk-prone environments have not yet experienced these negative outcomes. It is critical, therefore, to intervene early and increase girls’ capacity to overcome these risks before the challenges result in outcomes that may be irreversible. Research has shown that single-sector interventions are not adequate to obtain the range of outcomes needed to help girls enter into adulthood …

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Sexual And Gender-Based Violence: Baseline Findings, Population Council Jan 2015

Sexual And Gender-Based Violence: Baseline Findings, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (AGEP) is a program for girls ages 10-19 in rural and urban Zambia that aims to find the best ways to improve their social, health, and economic resources. Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) is a pervasive global health problem. Women and girls are most at risk, and consequences include physical injury, psychological trauma, unwanted pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. The AGEP program involves over 10,000 girls participating in weekly girls’ group meetings, receiving health vouchers and opening savings accounts. Over 5,000 girls, unmarried at baseline, are enrolled in a randomized, controlled trial and …

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Adolescent Girls Initiative-Kenya: Baseline Report, Karen Austrian, Eunice N. Muthengi, Taylor Riley, Joyce Mumah, Caroline W. Kabiru, Benta Abuya Jan 2015

Adolescent Girls Initiative-Kenya: Baseline Report, Karen Austrian, Eunice N. Muthengi, Taylor Riley, Joyce Mumah, Caroline W. Kabiru, Benta Abuya

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Many adolescent girls in Kenya face considerable risks and vulnerabilities that affect their education status, health, and general well-being. The Adolescent Girls Initiative–Kenya (AGI-K) will deliver multisectoral interventions for over 5,000 girls aged 11–14 in two marginalized areas of Kenya: the Kibera slums in Nairobi, and Wajir County in Northeastern Kenya. Implemented by Plan International in Kibera and Save the Children in Wajir, these interventions will be implemented for two years and will comprise a combination of girl-level, household-level, and community-level interventions. A randomized controlled trial will be used to compare the impact of four different packages of interventions to …

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Building Assets Toolkit: Developing Positive Benchmarks For Adolescent Girls—Asset Cards, Judith Bruce, Sarah Engebretsen, Kimberly Glazer Jan 2015

Building Assets Toolkit: Developing Positive Benchmarks For Adolescent Girls—Asset Cards, Judith Bruce, Sarah Engebretsen, Kimberly Glazer

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This document contains the Building Assets Toolkit’s Asset Cards (110), set of Age Cards (age 6 to 20), and Program Planning Worksheet (sample provided). The Age Cards are to be printed out and placed according to the instructions. The Asset Cards are to be printed out and cut in half. Blank Asset Cards are provided to create customized assets. The Building Assets Toolkit is an approach for developing programs for specific segments of girls that will prepare them to better face the challenges of growing up. It will help program managers understand the needs of the girls in their community, …

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Urban Adolescents Needs Assessment Survey In Bangladesh, Sajeda Amin Jan 2015

Urban Adolescents Needs Assessment Survey In Bangladesh, Sajeda Amin

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This report presents data on multiple dimensions of adolescents’ lives in urban settlements in Dhaka and Gazipur districts, Bangladesh. The study provides evidence on the lives of young people in a manner that can inform programs and policies directed toward this underserved population. Data is presented on education; reproductive health; family planning; marriage and dowry; physical mobility and social context; gender equality; family life, relationships, and emotional well-being; substance abuse; and livelihoods. There is presently little information about what makes adolescent girls and boys vulnerable in urban settings. The analysis explores and highlights sex, age, education, and marital-status-related differentials among …

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Panel Survey Of Young People In Egypt (Sype) 2014: Generating Evidence For Policy, Programs, And Research [Arabic], Rania Roushdy, Maia Sieverding Jan 2015

Panel Survey Of Young People In Egypt (Sype) 2014: Generating Evidence For Policy, Programs, And Research [Arabic], Rania Roushdy, Maia Sieverding

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The Panel Survey of Young People in Egypt (SYPE), first conducted in 2009 among Egyptian youth aged 10–29, focuses on education, employment, health, family formation, migration, reproductive health, social issues, and civic/political participation. This second round, SYPE 2014, was conducted in the wake of two youth-led revolutions (2011 and 2013). SYPE 2014 attempts to understand changes that occurred among Egyptian youth over the period between the two rounds through targeting the same group of respondents of the 2009 survey in 2014 to accurately document changes and progress in the status of these young people. Preliminary findings indicated: a slight decrease …

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Women And Hiv: Risk Of Hiv Infection And How To Prevent [Arabic], Population Council Jan 2015

Women And Hiv: Risk Of Hiv Infection And How To Prevent [Arabic], Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

No abstract provided.

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Reproductive Health Needs Of Married Girls In Assuit And Sohag Governorates [Arabic], Population Council Jan 2015

Reproductive Health Needs Of Married Girls In Assuit And Sohag Governorates [Arabic], Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

No abstract provided.

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Unveiling The Consensus: Putting People First In Pakistan's Development Agenda, Government Of Pakistan, Unfpa, Population Council Jan 2015

Unveiling The Consensus: Putting People First In Pakistan's Development Agenda, Government Of Pakistan, Unfpa, Population Council

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This document contains the consensus from the Population Summit held in Islamabad, Pakistan, November 5–6, 2015. To date, an enduring commitment to a sound and adequate population welfare program has eluded Pakistan, leaving millions of couples who want to wait before having their next child or who consider that they have enough children, without good access to family planning. However, in the wake of devolution, in part through efforts of donors and civil society for awareness building, advocacy, and dialogue, opinion among all major stakeholders is coalescing around the need to address Pakistan’s alarming maternal and child health indicators through …

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Africa’S Slow Fertility Transition, John Bongaarts Jan 2015

Africa’S Slow Fertility Transition, John Bongaarts

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

No abstract provided.

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Gender-Biased Sex Selection In India: A Review Of The Situation And Interventions To Counter The Practice, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, Sharmistha Basu, Rajib Acharya, A.J. Francis Zavier Jan 2015

Gender-Biased Sex Selection In India: A Review Of The Situation And Interventions To Counter The Practice, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, Sharmistha Basu, Rajib Acharya, A.J. Francis Zavier

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This report on gender-biased sex selection in India is divided into six chapters, including an introduction in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 describes the laws and policies adopted by India to address gender-biased sex selection, as well as those intended to support and empower women and girls. Chapter 3 analyzes the trends and geographic variation in the sex ratio at birth and in the child sex ratio. Chapter 4 briefly describes the socioeconomic differences and factors underlying distorted sex ratios and gender-biased sex selection in India, and the social consequences of these practices. Experiences in implementing the PCPNDT Act, initiatives intended …

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