Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Removal Of Volatile Organic Compounds (Vocs) From Groundwater By Reverse Osmosis And Nanofiltration, Hamad Nasser Altalyan, Brian G. Jones, John M. Bradd, Long D. Nghiem, Yasir M. Alyazichi

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

A comprehensive study was conducted to examine the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which exist in groundwater at Southlands-Botany Bay (Sydney region). The ability of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) as advanced treatments was investigated using two commercially available NF or RO membranes. Laboratory-scale tests were used with cross-flow; tests were conducted with 16 ubiquitous compounds that represented the significant volatile organic compounds found in the contaminated groundwater. The results reported in this study indicate that the removal efficiency of reverse osmosis (RO) was better than NF in rejecting the VOCs detected in groundwater. This study revealed that …

Impact Factor Of Medical Education Journals And Recently Developed Indices: Can Any Of Them Support Academic Promotion Criteria?, Samy A. Azer, Are Holen, Ian G. Wilson, Norbert Skokauskas

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Journal Impact Factor (JIF) has been used in assessing scientific journals. Other indices, h- and g-indices and Article Influence Score (AIS), have been developed to overcome some limitations of JIF. The aims of this study were, first, to critically assess the use of JIF and other parameters related to medical education research, and second, to discuss the capacity of these indices in assessing research productivity as well as their utility in academic promotion. The JIF of 16 medical education journals from 2000 to 2011 was examined together with the research evidence about JIF in assessing research outcomes of medical educators. …

Source And Meteorological Influences On Air Quality (Co, Ch4 & Co2) At A Southern Hemisphere Urban Site, Rebecca R. Buchholz, Clare Paton-Walsh, David W. T Griffith, Dagmar C. Kubistin, Christopher Caldow, Jenny A. Fisher, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Graham C. Kettlewell, Martin Riggenbach, Ronald Macatangay, Paul B. Krummel, R L. Langenfelds

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Wollongong, Australia is an urban site at the intersection of anthropogenic, biomass burning, biogenic and marine sources of atmospheric trace gases. The location offers a valuable opportunity to study drivers of atmospheric composition in the Southern Hemisphere. Here, a record of surface carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) was measured with an in situ Fourier transform infrared trace gas analyser between April 2011 and August 2014. Clean air was found to arrive at Wollongong in approximately 10% of air masses. Biomass burning influence was evident in the average annual cycle of clean air CO during austral spring. …

Evaluation Of Undergraduate Nursing Students' Clinical Confidence Following A Mental Health Recovery Camp, Thomas Cowley, Susan Liersch, Lorna Moxham, Ellie K. Taylor, Renee M. Brighton, Christopher F. Patterson, Elizabeth J. Halcomb

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In the present study, we evaluate the impact of participation in a mental health recovery camp on the clinical confidence of undergraduate nursing students in dealing with individuals with mental illness. Twenty undergraduate nursing students who participated in the recovery camp completed the Mental Health Nursing Clinical Confidence Scale both before and directly after attending the camp. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Participation in the recovery camp was associated with a statistically-significant increase in students' level of overall confidence between the pretest and post-test data (P < 0.005). The results also demonstrated that students over the age of 25 years and who do not have a family history of mental illness are more likely to self-report a higher level of confidence in both the pre- and post-results. The clinical confidence of undergraduate nursing students improved through participation in an immersive clinical experience within the recovery camp.

Cognitive Factors Predicting Checking, Procrastination And Other Maladaptive Behaviours: Prospective Versus Inhibitory Intolerance Of Uncertainty, Alice Fourtounas, Susan J. Thomas

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) is a cognitive construct which is strongly linked to psychopathology, particularly anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. IU has also been proposed to be linked to maladaptive behaviours such as checking and procrastination in uncertain situations. Additionally, two subfactors of IU have recently been identified, Prospective IU (Desire for Predictability) and Inhibitory IU (Uncertainty Paralysis). These factors may differentially predict approach and avoidance behaviours respectively, however research is lacking. This study investigated associations between IU subfactors and self-reported maladaptive behaviours. University students (n=110; 74.3% female) completed self-report measures of behaviours including checking, procrastination, general avoidance and controlling behaviours. …

Iodine Supplementation During Pregnancy: Are Pregnant Women Aware Of Its Importance?, Mercy Baafi, Catherine Lucas, Karen E. Charlton, Michelle L. Townsend, Brin F. S Grenyer

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of a poster presentation at ACM 2015 Conference, Gold Coast, 5-8 October.

The Mesoproterozoic To Early Neoproterozoic Passive Margin Lajeado Group And Apiaí Gabbro, Southeastern Brazil, G A. C Campanha, Miguel Angelo Stipp Basei, F M. Faleiros, Allen Phillip Nutman

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The Lajeado Group in the Ribeira Belt, Southeastern Brazil, corresponds to an open-sea carbonate platform, comprised of seven overlapping siliciclastic and carbonatic formations, intruded in its upper portion by the Apiaí Gabbro. These rocks have a Neoproterozoic tectonometamorphic overprint related to arc magmatism and the Brasiliano collisional orogeny. Geochronological constraints are given by new U-Pb SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS data for Lajeado Group detrital zircons and for magmatic zircons from the Apiaí Gabbro. The youngest detrital zircons in the Lajeado Group are 1400-1200 Ma, and constrain its maximum age of deposition to beMa, whereas the 877 ± 8 Ma age for …

Building Bridges In Dietary Counselling: An Exploratory Study Examining The Usefulness Of Wellness And Wellbeing Concepts, Anne Mcmahon, P C. Tay, Linda C. Tapsell, Peter G. Williams

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background Over the last decade, professional discourse around health ownership has been evolving to recognise an individually-driven wellness/wellbeing approach. Concurrently, dietetic competencies have changed to include client-centred counselling incorporating individual client's perspectives within dietary prescriptions. The present exploratory research aimed to explore how client-centred counselling practice was being represented in the dietetic literature and to examine dietitians' perspectives about working with clients in the current environment. Methods To explore the professional position, a literature search was conducted using keywords encompassing client-centred care and competency within professional dietetic journals (2001-2010). To develop a contextual case study, 10 in-depth interviews with dietitians …

Tightening The Net: In Search Of Alternatives To Destructive Fishing And Meshing Programs, Andrew R. Davis, Allison Broad

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Industrialised fishing has changed the ocean irrevocably. As technology improved, so the quantity and range of sea life extracted from the ocean increased.[1] The discourse of extraction, which we usually associate with the mining industry, is appropriate here because the fishing industry has for centuries pretended to itself and the world at large that fish are a renewable resource even though their actual practices constantly pushed fish populations in a non-renewable direction. Fishery statistics chronicle precipitous declines in fish resources across every ocean basin 2 as humans have become increasingly efficient at exploitation

Health Literacy Profiles: Are They The Same For University Students Enrolled In Health Professional Degree Programs?, Judy Mullan, Pippa Burns, Kathryn M. Weston, Peter L. Mclennan, Warren C. Rich, Shelley P. Crowther, Kylie J. Mansfield, R R Dixon, E Moselen, R Osborne

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abstract of a poster presentation at the 2016 National Medicines Symposium, 19-20 May, Canberra, Australia.

Earth's Oldest Mantle Fabrics Indicate Eoarchaean Subduction, Mary-Alix Kaczmarek, Steven Reddy, Allen Phillip Nutman, Clark R. L Friend, Vickie C. Bennett

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The extension of subduction processes into the Eoarchaean era (4.0-3.6 Ga) is controversial. The oldest reported terrestrial olivine, from two dunite lenses within the ~3,720 Ma Isua supracrustal belt in Greenland, record a shape-preferred orientation of olivine crystals defining a weak foliation and a well-defined lattice-preferred orientation (LPO). [001] parallel to the maximum finite elongation direction and (010) perpendicular to the foliation plane define a B-type LPO. In the modern Earth such fabrics are associated with deformation of mantle rocks in the hanging wall of subduction systems; an interpretation supported by experiments. Here we show that the presence of B-type …

Incorporating Benthic Community Changes Into Hydrochemical-Based Projections Of Coral Reef Calcium Carbonate Production Under Ocean Acidification, Emily C. Shaw, Sarah Hamylton, Stuart R. Phinn

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The existence of coral reefs is dependent on the production and maintenance of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) framework that is produced through calcification. The net production of CaCO3 will likely decline in the future, from both declining net calcification rates (decreasing calcification and increasing dissolution) and shifts in benthic community composition from calcifying organisms to non-calcifying organisms. Here, we present a framework for hydrochemical studies that allows both declining net calcification rates and changes in benthic community composition to be incorporated into projections of coral reef CaCO3 production. The framework involves upscaling net calcification rates for each benthic community type using …

A 'Slow Pace Of Life' In Australian Old-Endemic Passerine Birds Is Not Accompanied By Low Basal Metabolic Rates, Claus Bech, Mark A. Chappell, Lee B. Astheimer, Gustavo A. Londoño, William A. Buttemer

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Life history theory suggests that species experiencing high extrinsic mortality rates allocate more resources toward reproduction relative to self-maintenance and reach maturity earlier ('fast pace of life') than those having greater life expectancy and reproducing at a lower rate ('slow pace of life'). Among birds, many studies have shown that tropical species have a slower pace of life than temperate-breeding species. The pace of life has been hypothesized to affect metabolism and, as predicted, tropical birds have lower basal metabolic rates (BMR) than temperate-breeding birds. However, many temperate-breeding Australian passerines belong to lineages that evolved in Australia and share 'slow' …

N-Alkylated Isatins Evade P-Gp Mediated Efflux And Retain Potency In Mdr Cancer Cell Lines, Kara L. Vine, Lisa Belfiore, Luke A. Jones, Julie M. Locke, Samantha Wade, Elahe Minaei, Marie Ranson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The search for novel anticancer therapeutics with the ability to overcome multi-drug resistance (MDR) mechanisms is of high priority. A class of molecules that show potential in overcoming MDR are the N-alkylated isatins. In particular 5,7-dibromo-N-alkylisatins are potent microtubule destabilizing agents that act to depolymerize microtubules, induce apoptosis and inhibit primary tumor growth in vivo. In this study we evaluated the ability of four dibrominated N-alkylisatin derivatives and the parent compound, 5,7-dibromoisatin, to circumvent MDR. All of the isatin-based compounds examined retained potency against the MDR cell lines; U937VbR and MES-SA/Dx5 and displayed bioequivalent dose-dependent cytotoxicity to that of the …

The Effect Of Seasonal Ambient Temperatures On Fire-Stimulated Germination Of Species With Physiological Dormancy: A Case Study Using Boronia (Rutaceae), Berin D. E Mackenzie, Tony D. Auld, David A. Keith, Francis K. C Hui, Mark K. J Ooi

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Dormancy and germination requirements determine the timing and magnitude of seedling emergence, with important consequences for seedling survival and growth. Physiological dormancy is the most widespread form of dormancy in flowering plants, yet the seed ecology of species with this dormancy type is poorly understood in fire-prone vegetation. The role of seasonal temperatures as germination cues in these habitats is often overlooked due to a focus on direct fire cues such as heat shock and smoke, and little is known about the combined effects of multiple fire-related cues and environmental cues as these are seldom assessed in combination. We aimed …

Protein Aggregates Stimulate Macropinocytosis Facilitating Their Propagation, Justin J. Yerbury

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Temporal and spatial patterns of pathological changes such as loss of neurons and presence of pathological protein aggregates are characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Frontotemporal Dementia, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. These patterns are consistent with the propagation of protein misfolding and aggregation reminiscent of the prion diseases. There is a surge of evidence that suggests that large protein aggregates of a range of proteins are able to enter cells via macropinocytosis. Our recent work suggests that this process is activated by the binding of aggregates to the neuron cell surface. The current review considers the …

Determination Of Antioxidant And Anticancer Activities Together With Total Phenol And Flavonoid Contents Of Cleidion Javanicum Bl. And Bridelia Retusa (L.) A. Juss, Duangsuree Sanseera, Boonsom Liawruangrath, Stephen G. Pyne, Saisunee Liawruangrath

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The antioxidant and anticancer activities of the hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts of the leaves, stems and fruits from Cleidion javanicum Bl. and Bridelia retusa (L.) A. Juss. were investigated. The antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH and ABTS methods. The methanol extracts of the stems and fruits from B. retusa and the methanol extract of the leaves from C. javanicum showed the highest antioxidant activity. The methanol extract of the leaves from B. retusa possessed significant anticancer activity against KB-Oral cavity cancer (IC50=21.24 μg/mL), MCF-7 breast cancer cell (IC50=17.81 μg/mL), and NCI-H 187-small cell lung cancer (IC50 = 24.24 …

Current Estimates Of Biogenic Emissions From Eucalypts Uncertain For Southeast Australia, Kathryn M. Emmerson, Ian E. Galbally, Alex B. Guenther, Clare Paton-Walsh, Elise-Andree Guerette, Martin Cope, Melita Keywood, Sarah J. Lawson, Suzie B. Molloy, Erin Dunne, Marcus Thatcher, Thomas Karl, Simin D. Maleknia

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The biogenic emissions of isoprene and monoterpenes are one of the main drivers of atmospheric photochemistry, including oxidant and secondary organic aerosol production. In this paper, the emission rates of isoprene and monoterpenes from Australian vegetation are investigated for the first time using the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature version 2.1 (MEGANv2.1); the CSIRO chemical transport model; and atmospheric observations of isoprene, monoterpenes and isoprene oxidation products (methacrolein and methyl vinyl ketone). Observations from four field campaigns during three different seasons are used, covering urban, coastal suburban and inland forest areas. The observed concentrations of isoprene …

Responses Of Tree Species To A Severe Fire Indicate Major Structural Change To Eucalyptus-Callitris Forests, Andrew J. Denham, Ben E. Vincent, Peter J. Clarke, Tony D. Auld

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In many fire-prone habitats fires may be relatively frequent but of low severity or small areal extent. However, these same habitats may occasionally be subject to large, severe fires when extreme conditions and ignitions coincide. After >50 years without significant fire, a mega-fire burnt >50,000 ha of Eucalyptus-Callitris forest in southeastern Australia. We assessed the impact of this fire on vegetation structure at a landscape scale by quantifying post-fire responses of 11 tree species over 97 sites with varying fire severity. At low severity over 60 % of Callitris trees survived by escaping crown scorch, but they were almost all …

The Effect Of Area And Isolation On Insular Dwarf Proboscideans, Alexandra A. E Van Der Geer, Gerrit D. Van Den Bergh, George A. Lyras, Unggul W. Prasetyo, Rokus Awe Due, Erick Setiyabudi, Hara Drinia

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Aim We investigated the hypothesis that insular body size of fossil elephants is directly related to isolation and surface area of the focal islands. Location Palaeo-islands worldwide. Methods We assembled data on the geographical characteristics (area and isolation) of islands and body size evolution of palaeo-insular species for 22 insular species of fossil elephants across 17 islands. Results Our results support the generality of the island rule in the sense that all but one of the elephants experienced dwarfism on islands. The smallest islands generally harbour the smallest elephants. We found no support for the hypothesis that body size of …

New Modelling On Bushfires Shows How They Really Burn Through An Area, Philip J. Zylstra

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Bushfires in Australia can have a devastating impact on an environment and destroy homes and lives, so any effort to prevent them is a welcome move.

But the way that we have traditionally understood bushfires and forest flammability in Australia is not up to the challenges of our changing climate. Thankfully, a new approach is making sense of the confusion by looking at the plants themselves.

A Method Of Providing Engaging Formative Feedback To Large Cohort First-Year Physiology And Anatomy Students, Katrina Weston-Green, Margaret Christina Wallace

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

A growing body of evidence demonstrates a critical role for effective, meaningful feedback to enhance student learning. Effective feedback can become part of the learning cycle that is not only a learning opportunity for the student but can also be used to inform the teacher and ongoing curriculum development. Feedback is considered particularly important during the first year of university and can even be viewed as a retention strategy that can help attenuate student performance anxieties and solidify perceptions of academic support. Unfortunately, the provision of individualized, timely feedback can be particularly challenging in first-year courses as they tend to …

Flowers In Australia: Phytochemical Studies On The Illawarra Flame Tree And Alstonville, Rudi Hendra, Paul A. Keller

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The first reported phytochemical studies on two species of flowers in Australia enabled the identification of six secondary metabolites from Illawarra flame tree flower (Brachychiton acerifolius) and seven secondary metabolites from the flowers of the Alstonville (Tibouchina lepidota). Pelargonidin 3-(6-coumarylglucoside)-5-(6-acetylglucoside) was found to be responsible for the red colour of B. acerifolius, whereas malvidin 3-(coumarylglucoside)-5-(acetylxyloside) was responsible for the purple colour of (T. lepidota) flowers. (2S)-4,5-Dihydroxyflavanone 7-O-β-d-glucuronide methyl ester was isolated for the first time from B. acerifolius, and its absolute configuration was determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Some of the traditional uses of B. acerifolius could also be correlated …

Disinhibition-Like Behavior In A P301s Mutant Tau Transgenic Mouse Model Of Frontotemporal Dementia, Magdalena Przybyla, Claire H. Stevens, Julia Van Der Hoven, Anne Harasta, Mian Bi, Arne Ittner, Annika Van Hummel, John R. Hodges, Olivier Piguet, Tim Karl, Michael Kassiou, Gary D. Housley, Yazi D. Ke, Lars M. Ittner, Janet Van Eersel

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) presents clinically with behavioral changes including disinhibition. Mutations in the tau-encoding MAPT gene identified in familial cases of FTD have been used to generate transgenic mouse models of the human condition. Here, we report behavioral changes in a recently developed P301S mutant tau transgenic mouse, including disinhibition-like behavior in the elevated plus maze and hyperactivity in the open field arena. Furthermore, histological analysis revealed the amygdala as a primary and early site of pathological tau deposition in these mice. Taken together, neuropathological and behavioral changes in P301S tau transgenic mice resemble features of human FTD.

Toward A Chemical Reanalysis In A Coupled Chemistry-Climate Model: An Evaluation Of Mopitt Co Assimilation And Its Impact On Tropospheric Composition, B Gaubert, A F. Arellano, J Barré, H M. Worden, Louisa Emmons, S Tilmes, Rebecca R. Buchholz, F Vitt, K Raeder, N Collins, J L. Anderson, Christine Wiedinmyer, S Martinez Alonso, D P. Edwards, M Andreae, James W. Hannigan, Christof Petri, Kimberly Strong, Nicholas B. Jones

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

We examine in detail a 1 year global reanalysis of carbon monoxide (CO) that is based on joint assimilation of conventional meteorological observations and Measurement of Pollution in The Troposphere (MOPITT) multispectral CO retrievals in the Community Earth System Model (CESM). Our focus is to assess the impact to the chemical system when CO distribution is constrained in a coupled full chemistry-climate model like CESM. To do this, we first evaluate the joint reanalysis (MOPITT Reanalysis) against four sets of independent observations and compare its performance against a reanalysis with no MOPITT assimilation (Control Run). We then investigate the CO …

Compositional Data Analysis As A Robust Tool To Delineate Hydrochemical Facies Within And Between Gas-Bearing Aquifers, D D.R Owen, V Pawlowsky-Glahn, J J. Egozcue, A Buccianti, John M. Bradd

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Isometric log ratios of proportions of major ions, derived from intuitive sequential binary partitions, are used to characterize hydrochemical variability within and between coal seam gas (CSG) and surrounding aquifers in a number of sedimentary basins in the USA and Australia. These isometric log ratios are the coordinates corresponding to an orthonormal basis in the sample space (the simplex). The characteristic proportions of ions, as described by linear models of isometric log ratios, can be used for a mathematical-descriptive classification of water types. This is a more informative and robust method of describing water types than simply classifying a water …

Three Arcs: Observations On The Archaeology Of The Elands Bay And Northern Cederberg Landscapes, Alex Mackay

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The area around Elands Bay and the adjacent interior landscapes west of the Doring River have been subject to intense archaeological investigation over the last ~50 years. The result is a region with great depth and diversity of archaeological information. In this paper I discuss three general observations that arise from the integration of data across this region. The first is that redundancy in site occupation is limited: even where many sites are excavated in a small area, understanding of the regional sequence cannot be assumed to be complete. The second is that humans did not live in rock shelters: …

Master Athletes Are Extending The Limits Of Human Endurance, Romuald Lepers, Paul J. Stapley

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Theincreasedparticipationofmasterathletes(i.e.,>40yearsold)inenduranceandultra-enduranceevents(>6hduration)overthepastfewdecadeshasbeenaccompaniedbyanimprovementintheirperformancesatamuchfasterratethantheiryoungercounterparts.Agingdoeshoweverresultinadecreaseinoverallenduranceperformance.Suchage-relateddeclinesinperformancedependuponthemodesoflocomotion,eventduration,andgenderoftheparticipant.Forexample,smallerage-relateddeclinesincyclingperformancethaninrunningandswimminghavebeendocumented.Therelativestabilityofgenderdifferencesobservedacrosstheagessuggeststhattheage-relateddeclinesinphysiologicalfunctiondidnotdifferbetweenmalesandfemales.Amongthemainphysiologicaldeterminantsofenduranceperformance,themaximaloxygenconsumption(VO2max)appearstobetheparameterthatismostalteredbyage.ExerciseeconomyandtheexerciseintensityatwhichahighfractionofVO2maxcanbesustained(i.e.,lactatethreshold),seemtodeclinetoalesserextentwithadvancingage.Theabilitytomaintainahighexercise-trainingstimuluswithadvancingageisemergingasthesinglemostimportantmeansoflimitingtherateofdeclineinenduranceperformance.Byconstantlyextendingthelimitsof(ultra)-endurance,masterathletesthereforerepresentanimportantinsightintotheabilityofhumanstomaintainphysicalperformanceandphysiologicalfunctionwithadvancingage.

First Tephrostratigraphic Results Of The Deep Site Record From Lake Ohrid (Macedonia And Albania), Niklas Leicher, Giovanni Zanchetta, Roberto Sulpizio, Biagio Giaccio, Bernd Wagner, Sebastien Nomade, Alexander Francke, Paola Del Carlo

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

A tephrostratigraphic record covering the Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 1-15 was established for the DEEP site record of Lake Ohrid (Macedonia and Albania). Major element analyses (energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and wavelength-dispersive spectroscopy (WDS)) were carried out on juvenile fragments extracted from 12 tephra layers (OH-DP-0115 to OH-DP-2060). The geochemical analyses of the glass shards of all of these layers suggest an origin in the Italian volcanic provinces. They include the Y-3 (OH-DP-0115, 26.68-29.42 ka cal BP), the Campanian Ignimbrite-Y-5 (OH-DP-0169, 39.6 ± 0.1 ka), and the X-6 (OH-DP-0404, 109 ± 2 ka) from the Campanian volcanoes, the P-11 of …

Environmental Control On The Occurrence Of High-Coercivity Magnetic Minerals And Formation Of Iron Sulfides In A 640 Ka Sediment Sequence From Lake Ohrid (Balkans), Janna Just, Norbert R. Nowaczyk, Leonardo Sagnotti, Alexander Francke, Hendrik Vogel, Jack H. Lacey, Bernd Wagner

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The bulk magnetic mineral record from Lake Ohrid, spanning the past 637 kyr, reflects large-scale shifts in hydrological conditions, and, superimposed, a strong signal of environmental conditions on glacial-interglacial and millennial timescales. A shift in the formation of early diagenetic ferrimagnetic iron sulfides to siderites is observed around 320 ka. This change is probably associated with variable availability of sulfide in the pore water. We propose that sulfate concentrations were significantly higher before  ∼  320 ka, due to either a higher sulfate flux or lower dilution of lake sulfate due to a smaller water volume. Diagenetic iron minerals appear more …